Ring network energy storage system based on distributed control

Abstract

This invention discloses a ring main unit energy storage system based on distributed control, belonging to the field of ring main unit energy storage technology. It includes: a ring main unit for converting electrical energy from a battery pack into DC power to respond to the power grid, and for converting power supplied by the power grid into DC power for energy storage; a battery pack for supplying power to the power grid; and a controller for receiving command signals from the power grid and distributively controlling the converters of each ring main unit according to these command signals to achieve optimized control of the power grid. This invention solves the problems of existing systems that cannot perform distributed control of ring main units, cannot respond quickly to power grid demands, and cannot achieve optimized control of the power grid, resulting in poor performance. This invention performs distributed control of the converter operation of each ring main unit, ensuring coordinated operation between ring main units, enabling rapid response to power grid demands, achieving optimized control of the power grid, and improving overall performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ring network box energy storage technology, specifically to a ring network box energy storage system based on distributed control. Background Technology

[0002] A ring main unit is a device used in power distribution systems. It is usually installed between distribution transformers and distribution cabinets. It is used for tapping, distributing and protecting power systems. It is mainly used to control and distribute current. Ring main units are commonly used in urban power grids, industrial power supply and large buildings.

[0003] Ring main units (RMS) can control and regulate power systems through control switches and protection devices, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system. In short, RMS is an indispensable power distribution device in a power system, enabling the distribution, regulation, protection, and control of electrical energy to ensure the normal operation and safe use of the power system.

[0004] Existing ring main units cannot be effectively distributed and controlled, cannot respond quickly to the needs of the power grid, and cannot achieve optimized control of the power grid, resulting in poor performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ring network box energy storage system based on distributed control, which can effectively control the ring network box in a distributed manner, respond quickly according to the needs of the power grid, achieve optimized control of the power grid, improve the performance, and solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A ring network energy storage system based on distributed control includes:

[0008] Ring mains enclosures are used to convert electrical energy in battery packs into DC power to respond to the power grid, and to convert electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power so that the ring mains enclosure can store energy.

[0009] A battery pack is used to provide electrical energy to the power grid according to the command signals of the power grid, and to protect the batteries in the battery pack.

[0010] The controller is used to receive command signals from the power grid and distribute the control of the converters in each ring network box according to the command signals of the power grid to achieve optimized control of the power grid.

[0011] Preferably, the ring main unit includes:

[0012] A converter is used to convert electrical energy from a battery pack into alternating current (AC) energy and then transmit that AC energy to the power grid to enable a response to the grid.

[0013] The power module is used by the converter to convert the electrical energy supplied by the grid into DC power and store the DC power, enabling the ring network box to store energy.

[0014] Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a protection circuit module, which is used to protect the batteries in the battery pack and prevent the batteries from being overcharged or over-discharged.

[0015] Preferably, the protection circuit module includes:

[0016] The battery monitoring unit is used to monitor the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0017] Based on sensors, the voltage and current of the battery during charging and discharging are monitored and continuously collected in real time to obtain real-time battery monitoring data.

[0018] The analysis and evaluation unit is used to analyze and evaluate the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0019] Pre-set battery monitoring threshold data according to the circuit protection requirements in the battery pack;

[0020] Based on battery monitoring threshold data, the real-time battery monitoring data is compared and analyzed to evaluate the battery charging and discharging process, determine whether the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, and determine the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results.

[0021] Among them, when the real-time battery monitoring data is within the battery monitoring threshold data range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result is that the battery does not have overcharge or over-discharge phenomena.

[0022] If the real-time battery monitoring data is outside the battery monitoring threshold range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result indicates that the battery is overcharged or over-discharged.

[0023] Preferably, the protection circuit module further includes:

[0024] The protection and control unit is used to protect and control the batteries in the battery pack.

[0025] Obtain battery monitoring, analysis, and evaluation results;

[0026] Based on the battery monitoring, analysis and evaluation results, a battery pack protection and control plan is formulated;

[0027] Based on the battery pack protection and control scheme, the batteries in the battery pack are protected and controlled.

[0028] If the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, the power supply should be cut off immediately to avoid damaging the battery, and an early warning alarm should be issued to the battery pack to promptly remind the management personnel to manage and maintain the battery pack.

[0029] Preferably, the controller includes:

[0030] The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instruction signals from the power grid;

[0031] The response control unit is used to control the converters in each ring network box to achieve a response to the power grid;

[0032] Acquire command signals from the power grid and analyze these command signals;

[0033] Distributed control of the converter operation of each ring network box is achieved by using command signals from the power grid, so that the operation of the ring network boxes is coordinated and consistent, and the grid can respond quickly according to the needs of the power grid, thereby realizing optimized control of the power grid.

[0034] Preferably, controlling the converters in each ring main unit to achieve a response to the power grid includes:

[0035] When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating that an increase in power supply is needed, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the electrical energy of the battery pack into AC power and transmit the AC power to the power grid, responding quickly according to the power grid's demand.

[0036] When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need to reduce power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power, and then transmits the DC power to the power module to store the DC power, thus enabling the ring network box to store energy.

[0037] Preferably, the controller controls the converters in each ring main unit to perform the following operations:

[0038] Based on the command signals from the power grid, the energy storage status of each ring network box is detected to determine the energy storage results of each ring network box. When the energy storage status of each ring network box cannot meet the power grid demand, the controller controls the operation of the converters in each ring network box to ensure coordinated operation between the ring network boxes. The converters convert the electrical energy of the battery pack into AC electrical energy and transmit the AC electrical energy to the power grid to quickly respond to the power grid demand.

[0039] Preferably, the controller controls the converters in each ring main unit and also performs the following operations:

[0040] When the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, the operating response time of the converter in each ring network box is monitored in real time.

[0041] Based on the number of times the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, obtain the operating response time of the converter of the ring network box under each situation where the energy storage capacity cannot meet the grid demand;

[0042] Based on the operating response time of each converter, obtain the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit;

[0043] The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is obtained by the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Where R represents the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit; n represents the number of times the energy storage of the ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; T i T represents the converter's operating response time when the energy storage capacity of the i-th ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; max This indicates the preset maximum allowable operating response time of the converter; T c This indicates the preset reference value for the runtime response time; T fmax This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, representing the maximum fluctuation in operating response time; T fmin This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the minimum fluctuation in the operating response time required by the power grid; T b This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, specifically the standard deviation of the operating response time; T z This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, representing the median value of the operating response time.

[0046] The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is compared with a preset response coefficient threshold.

[0047] When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether the ring main unit needs to respond to an abnormal operation alarm.

[0048] Preferably, when the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds a preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether an abnormal operation alarm needs to be triggered for the ring main unit, including:

[0049] When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, the ring main unit corresponding to the operating response coefficient exceeding the preset response threshold is taken as the target ring main unit.

[0050] Extract the preset correlation coefficients between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes;

[0051] The correlation coefficient between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes is compared with a preset correlation coefficient threshold, and ring network boxes with a correlation coefficient with the target ring network box that is not lower than the preset correlation coefficient threshold are selected as observation ring network boxes.

[0052] Extract the operational response coefficients corresponding to the observation ring network box;

[0053] Extract the operating response coefficients corresponding to the target ring network box;

[0054] The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained by using the operational response coefficients of the observed ring network box and the target ring network box.

[0055] The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained using the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, R c Represents the overall operational response coefficient; m represents the number of observation ring network boxes; R i G represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; i R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; x R represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box; b G represents the standard deviation of the operating response coefficients corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; b Let represent the standard deviation of the correlation coefficients corresponding to the m observation ring network boxes; K represents the adjustment coefficient, which is obtained by the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Where K represents the adjustment coefficient; G max R represents the maximum correlation coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; max R represents the operational response coefficient of the observed ring network box corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient; m G represents the maximum value of the operating response coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; m R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the observation ring network box with the maximum operating response coefficient; x This represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box;

[0060] The overall operating response coefficient is compared with a preset overall coefficient threshold.

[0061] When the comprehensive operation response coefficient exceeds the preset comprehensive coefficient threshold, it is determined that the transformer of the target ring network box has an abnormal response operation, and an abnormal response operation alarm is triggered.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0063] 1. This invention provides electrical energy to the power grid through a battery pack, which is equipped with a protection circuit module. The protection circuit module is used to protect the batteries in the battery pack to prevent overcharging or over-discharging. Specifically, according to the protection requirements of the battery pack circuit, battery monitoring threshold data is preset. Based on the battery monitoring threshold data, real-time battery monitoring data is compared and analyzed to evaluate the battery charging and discharging process, determine whether the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, determine the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results, and formulate a battery pack protection and control plan to protect and control the batteries in the battery pack. When the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, the power supply is immediately cut off to avoid damage to the battery, and an early warning alarm is issued to the battery pack to promptly remind the management personnel to manage and maintain the battery pack.

[0064] 2. This invention converts electrical energy from the battery pack into DC power through the converter of the ring main unit, thereby responding to the power grid and converting the electrical energy provided by the power grid into DC power for energy storage in the ring main unit. Furthermore, based on command signals from the power grid, the operation of the converters in each ring main unit is distributedly controlled, ensuring coordinated operation between the ring main units. This allows for rapid response to power grid demands, achieving optimized control of the power grid and improving overall performance. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of controlling the converters of each ring network box to achieve a response to the power grid, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] To address the issues of existing ring main units (RMS) failing to achieve effective distributed control, rapid response to grid demands, and optimized grid control, resulting in poor performance, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0069] A ring network energy storage system based on distributed control includes: a ring network enclosure, a battery pack, and a controller.

[0070] It should be noted that each ring main unit includes a power module and a converter, which are used to convert the electrical energy in the battery pack into DC power. The controller is responsible for receiving command signals from the power grid and controlling the converters of each ring main unit to respond to the power grid. The battery pack is equipped with a protection circuit to prevent overcharging or over-discharging of the battery. Through the distributed control of the controller, the operation of the ring main units can be coordinated and consistent, and they can respond quickly according to the needs of the power grid to achieve optimized control of the power grid.

[0071] Specifically, the ring main unit is used to convert electrical energy in the battery pack into DC power to respond to the power grid, and to convert electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power so that the ring main unit can store energy.

[0072] In this embodiment, the ring network box includes:

[0073] A converter is used to convert electrical energy from a battery pack into alternating current (AC) energy and then transmit that AC energy to the power grid to enable a response to the grid.

[0074] The power module is used by the converter to convert the electrical energy supplied by the grid into DC power and store the DC power, enabling the ring network box to store energy.

[0075] It should be noted that a converter is an electrical device that changes the voltage, frequency, number of phases, and other electrical quantities or characteristics of a power supply system. In addition to the main circuit (which includes a rectifier circuit, an inverter circuit, an AC conversion circuit, and a DC conversion circuit), a converter also needs a trigger circuit (or drive circuit) to control the switching of power switching elements and a control circuit to regulate and control electrical energy. The trigger circuit of a converter consists of two parts: a pulse generator and a pulse output unit. The former generates pulses of a certain frequency, width, or phase according to the requirements of the control signal; the latter amplifies the level of this pulse into a drive signal suitable for the power switching elements in the converter.

[0076] Converter control circuits can be categorized by control method into open-loop control circuits and closed-loop control circuits. The former is mainly used in some specialized equipment with less demanding requirements, while the latter has automatic control and regulation functions and is widely used in various types of machinery. They can also be categorized by the nature of the control signal into analog control circuits and digital control circuits. Analog signals most commonly use DC voltage and current, which are easy to process and transform using electrical methods. Digital signals are a set of information parameters with discrete, discontinuously changing values. Digital control offers high precision, but the circuits are more complex and expensive. Therefore, hybrid digital-analog control circuits are more commonly used in practice.

[0077] Specifically, the battery pack is used to provide power to the power grid according to the command signals of the power grid, and to protect the batteries in the battery pack;

[0078] In this embodiment, the battery pack is provided with a protection circuit module, which is used to protect the batteries in the battery pack and prevent them from being overcharged or over-discharged.

[0079] In this embodiment, the protection circuit module includes:

[0080] The battery monitoring unit is used to monitor the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0081] Based on sensors, the voltage and current of the battery during charging and discharging are monitored and continuously collected in real time to obtain real-time battery monitoring data.

[0082] It should be noted that the voltage of the battery during the charging and discharging process is monitored and continuously collected in real time by a voltage sensor to obtain battery monitoring voltage data; the current of the battery during the charging and discharging process is monitored and continuously collected in real time by a current sensor to obtain battery monitoring current data; and the real-time battery monitoring data is determined based on the battery monitoring voltage data and the battery monitoring current data.

[0083] It should be noted that a voltage sensor is a sensor that can sense the voltage being measured and convert it into a usable output signal. In various automatic detection and control systems, it is often necessary to track and acquire rapidly changing AC and DC voltage signals and perform spectrum analysis on complex voltage waveforms. These signals may be high voltage, high current, or other strong currents, or they may be weak currents with poor load capacity or signals with very small amplitudes. In these cases, it is necessary to use a suitable voltage sensor to acquire voltage signals that cannot be directly measured or are mismatched, so as to obtain standardized and electrically isolated voltage signals.

[0084] The voltage sensor is used to automatically detect voltage, enabling us to control and display the voltage during the charging and discharging process of the battery, and to take automatic protection measures such as overvoltage and undervoltage when necessary.

[0085] It should be noted that a current sensor is a device that senses the current being measured. Small power supply devices have incorporated an increasing number of new technologies, such as switching power supplies, hard switching, soft switching, voltage regulation, linear feedback voltage regulation, magnetic amplifier technology, digital voltage regulation, PWM, SPWM, electromagnetic compatibility, and so on. Practical needs directly drive the continuous development and progress of power supply technology. To automatically detect and display current, and to provide automatic protection and more advanced intelligent control in the event of overcurrent, overvoltage, or other dangerous conditions, power supply technologies with sensing detection, sensing sampling, and sensing protection are becoming increasingly popular. Sensors for detecting current or voltage have emerged and are gradually gaining favor among power supply designers in my country.

[0086] Based on different measurement principles, current sensors can be mainly divided into: shunt current transformers, electromagnetic current transformers, and electronic current transformers. Electronic current transformers include Hall current sensors, Rokowski current sensors, and AnyWay frequency converter power sensors specifically used for frequency converter power measurement. Compared with electromagnetic current sensors, electronic current transformers do not have ferromagnetic saturation, have a wide transmission bandwidth, small secondary load capacity, small size, and light weight, and represent the future development direction of current sensors.

[0087] The analysis and evaluation unit is used to analyze and evaluate the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0088] Pre-set battery monitoring threshold data according to the circuit protection requirements in the battery pack;

[0089] It should be noted that by setting battery monitoring threshold data, it is convenient to compare and analyze real-time battery monitoring data, evaluate the battery charging and discharging process, determine whether the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, and determine the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results so as to take timely protective measures to protect the batteries in the battery pack.

[0090] Based on battery monitoring threshold data, the real-time battery monitoring data is compared and analyzed to evaluate the battery charging and discharging process, determine whether the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, and determine the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results.

[0091] Among them, when the real-time battery monitoring data is within the battery monitoring threshold data range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result is that the battery does not have overcharge or over-discharge phenomena.

[0092] If the real-time battery monitoring data is outside the battery monitoring threshold data range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result is that the battery is overcharged or over-discharged.

[0093] It should be noted that, based on battery monitoring threshold data, a comparative analysis was performed on real-time battery monitoring data. The battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] Table 1: Battery Monitoring Analysis and Evaluation Results

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Therefore, when the real-time battery monitoring data is within the battery monitoring threshold range, the battery is not overcharged or over-discharged; when the real-time battery monitoring data is outside the battery monitoring threshold range, the battery is overcharged or over-discharged. By monitoring and judging the overcharge or over-discharge of the battery, it is easy to take timely protective measures to protect the batteries in the battery pack and prevent battery damage.

[0098] In this embodiment, the protection circuit module further includes:

[0099] The protection and control unit is used to protect and control the batteries in the battery pack.

[0100] Obtain battery monitoring, analysis, and evaluation results;

[0101] Based on the battery monitoring, analysis and evaluation results, a battery pack protection and control plan is formulated;

[0102] Based on the battery pack protection and control scheme, the batteries in the battery pack are protected and controlled.

[0103] If the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, the power supply should be cut off immediately to avoid damaging the battery, and an early warning alarm should be issued to the battery pack to promptly remind the management personnel to manage and maintain the battery pack.

[0104] It should be noted that, based on the battery monitoring, analysis and evaluation results, a battery pack protection and control plan is formulated to protect and control the batteries in the battery pack, thereby protecting the batteries and preventing battery damage.

[0105] Specifically, the controller is used to receive command signals from the power grid and, based on the command signals from the power grid, to distribute and control the converters in each ring network box to achieve optimized control of the power grid.

[0106] In this embodiment, the controller includes:

[0107] The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instruction signals from the power grid;

[0108] It should be noted that when performing distributed control on each ring network box, the command signals transmitted by the power grid are captured in real time, and command signals from the power grid are received. Based on the command signals from the power grid, distributed control and adjustment optimization are performed on each ring network box to maximize the utilization rate of power.

[0109] The response control unit is used to control the converters in each ring network box to achieve a response to the power grid;

[0110] Acquire command signals from the power grid and analyze these command signals;

[0111] Distributed control of the converter operation of each ring network box is achieved by using command signals from the power grid, so that the operation of the ring network boxes is coordinated and consistent, and the grid can respond quickly according to the needs of the power grid, thereby realizing optimized control of the power grid.

[0112] When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need for increased power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the battery pack's electrical energy into AC power and transmit the AC power to the power grid, responding quickly to the power grid's demand.

[0113] When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need to reduce power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the electrical energy provided by the power grid into DC power, and then transmits the DC power to the power module to store the DC power, thus enabling the ring network box to store energy.

[0114] It should be noted that, based on the power grid command signals, the operation of the converters in each ring network box is controlled in a distributed manner. The details of the distributed control of the converter operation in each ring network box are shown in Table 2.

[0115] Table 2: Distributed control of converter operation in each ring network box

[0116]

[0117] Therefore, when the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need to increase power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the battery pack's electrical energy into AC power and transmit the AC power to the power grid, responding quickly to the power grid's demand. When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need to reduce power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the power supplied by the power grid into DC power and transmit the DC power to the power module, allowing the power module to store DC power and enabling the ring network box to store energy. This ensures coordinated operation between the ring network boxes, allowing for rapid response to the power grid's needs and achieving optimized control of the power grid.

[0118] Based on the command signals from the power grid, the energy storage status of each ring network box is detected to determine the energy storage results of each ring network box. When the energy storage status of each ring network box cannot meet the power grid demand, the controller controls the operation of the converters in each ring network box to ensure coordinated operation between the ring network boxes. The converters convert the electrical energy of the battery pack into AC electrical energy and transmit the AC electrical energy to the power grid to quickly respond to the power grid demand.

[0119] Specifically, the controller controls the converters in each ring main unit and also performs the following operations:

[0120] When the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, the operating response time of the converter in each ring network box is monitored in real time.

[0121] Based on the number of times the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, obtain the operating response time of the converter of the ring network box under each situation where the energy storage capacity cannot meet the grid demand;

[0122] Based on the operating response time of each converter, obtain the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit;

[0123] The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is obtained by the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] Where R represents the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit; n represents the number of times the energy storage of the ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; T i T represents the converter's operating response time when the energy storage capacity of the i-th ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; max This indicates the preset maximum allowable operating response time of the converter; T c This indicates the preset reference value for the runtime response time; T fmax This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, representing the maximum fluctuation in operating response time; T fmin This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the minimum fluctuation in the operating response time required by the power grid; T b This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, specifically the standard deviation of the operating response time; T z This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, representing the median value of the operating response time.

[0126] The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is compared with a preset response coefficient threshold.

[0127] When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether the ring main unit needs to respond to an abnormal operation alarm.

[0128] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: By monitoring the operating response time of the converter in each ring network box in real time, this solution can quickly detect moments when energy storage cannot meet grid demand, thus enabling timely responses. This real-time monitoring capability ensures the stability and reliability of the grid. By acquiring the converter operating response time each time energy storage cannot meet grid demand and calculating the operating response coefficient, this solution can accurately evaluate converter performance. When the operating response coefficient exceeds a preset threshold, the system can automatically determine whether to issue an abnormal operation alarm, thereby providing early warning of potential faults or performance degradation. This solution considers multiple statistics of the operating response time (such as maximum, minimum, standard deviation, and median values), making the evaluation results more comprehensive and accurate. Simultaneously, through preset parameters such as the maximum allowable value and reference value for the converter operating response time, this solution can dynamically adjust according to changes in grid demand and converter performance, improving the system's adaptability and flexibility. By analyzing and comparing the converter operating response coefficient, this solution can promptly identify potential faults or performance problems, allowing for corresponding preventative or corrective measures. This helps reduce power outages or instability caused by equipment failures, improving the reliability and security of the power grid. The technical solution provides maintenance personnel with detailed data support and decision-making basis, making maintenance work more scientific and efficient. By regularly analyzing the converter's operating response coefficients, maintenance personnel can promptly identify and resolve equipment performance issues, optimize maintenance strategies, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0129] In summary, the technical benefits of this solution are mainly reflected in real-time monitoring and response capabilities, accurate assessment and early warning, dynamic adaptability, fault prevention and diagnosis, and optimized operation and maintenance management. These effects collectively improve the stability and reliability of the power grid, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and provide strong support for the safe and efficient operation of the power system.

[0130] Specifically, when the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds a preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether an abnormal operation alarm needs to be triggered for the ring main unit, including:

[0131] When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, the ring main unit corresponding to the operating response coefficient exceeding the preset response threshold is taken as the target ring main unit.

[0132] Extract the preset correlation coefficients between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes;

[0133] The correlation coefficient between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes is compared with a preset correlation coefficient threshold, and ring network boxes with a correlation coefficient with the target ring network box that is not lower than the preset correlation coefficient threshold are selected as observation ring network boxes.

[0134] Extract the operational response coefficients corresponding to the observation ring network box;

[0135] Extract the operating response coefficients corresponding to the target ring network box;

[0136] The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained by using the operational response coefficients of the observed ring network box and the target ring network box.

[0137] The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained using the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, R c Represents the overall operational response coefficient; m represents the number of observation ring network boxes; R i G represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; i R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; x R represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box; b G represents the standard deviation of the operating response coefficients corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; b Let represent the standard deviation of the correlation coefficients corresponding to the m observation ring network boxes; K represents the adjustment coefficient, which is obtained by the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] Where K represents the adjustment coefficient; G max R represents the maximum correlation coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; max R represents the operational response coefficient of the observed ring network box corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient; m G represents the maximum value of the operating response coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; m R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the observation ring network box with the maximum operating response coefficient; x This represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box;

[0142] The overall operating response coefficient is compared with a preset overall coefficient threshold.

[0143] When the comprehensive operation response coefficient exceeds the preset comprehensive coefficient threshold, it is determined that the transformer of the target ring network box has an abnormal response operation, and an abnormal response operation alarm is triggered.

[0144] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: By using ring main units (RNBs) with operating response coefficients exceeding a preset threshold as target RNBs and extracting their correlation coefficients with other RNBs, this solution can accurately locate potentially problematic RNBs and further analyze related RNBs. This correlation analysis helps to more comprehensively understand the background and potential impact of the problem. By calculating the comprehensive operating response coefficient, this solution can comprehensively consider the operating status of the target RNB and its observed RNBs, thereby more accurately assessing the overall system operation. When the comprehensive operating response coefficient exceeds the preset threshold, the system can automatically trigger an alarm for abnormal operation, promptly reminding maintenance personnel to handle the situation. The introduction of the adjustment coefficient makes the calculation of the comprehensive operating response coefficient more flexible and dynamic. By considering the relative magnitudes of the correlation coefficients and operating response coefficients of the observed RNBs, the adjustment coefficient can be automatically adjusted to reflect the degree of influence of different observed RNBs on the operating status of the target RNB. This dynamic adjustment capability improves the adaptability and accuracy of the solution. By analyzing the comprehensive operating response coefficient, this solution can predict whether the transformer in the target RNB has a risk of abnormal operation. This predictive capability helps maintenance personnel take proactive measures to prevent potential faults, thereby avoiding or reducing power outages or instability events. This technical solution provides maintenance personnel with detailed data support and decision-making basis. By integrating the results of operational response coefficients and correlation analysis, maintenance personnel can more accurately assess the severity and potential impact of problems, thus formulating more scientific and efficient maintenance strategies. Through real-time monitoring and comprehensive analysis of the operating status of ring main units and their transformers, this technical solution can promptly identify and address potential problems, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power grid. This is of great significance for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the power system.

[0145] In summary, the technical benefits of this solution in terms of performance indicators are mainly reflected in precise positioning and correlation analysis, comprehensive evaluation and early warning, dynamic adjustment and adaptability, fault prediction and prevention, optimized operation and maintenance decision-making, and improved grid stability and reliability. These effects collectively enhance the operation and maintenance management level of the power system, providing strong support for the safe and efficient operation of the power grid.

[0146] In summary, the converter in the ring main unit converts the electrical energy in the battery pack into DC power to respond to the power grid, and converts the electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power for energy storage in the ring main unit. Distributed control of the operation of the converters in each ring main unit is achieved based on the command signals from the power grid, ensuring coordinated operation among the ring main units. This allows for rapid response to the power grid's needs, optimizing power grid control and improving overall performance.

[0147] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0148] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ring network energy storage system based on distributed control, characterized in that, include: Ring mains enclosures are used to convert electrical energy in battery packs into AC power to respond to the power grid, and to convert electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power to store energy in the ring mains enclosure. A battery pack is used to provide electrical energy to the power grid according to the command signals of the power grid, and to protect the batteries in the battery pack. The controller is used to receive command signals from the power grid and distribute the control of the converters in each ring network box according to the command signals of the power grid to achieve optimized control of the power grid. The controller controls the converters in each ring main unit and also performs the following operations: When the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, the operating response time of the converter in each ring network box is monitored in real time. Based on the number of times the energy storage capacity of each ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, obtain the operating response time of the converter of the ring network box under each situation where the energy storage capacity cannot meet the grid demand; Based on the operating response time of each converter, obtain the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit; The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is obtained by the following formula: ； Where R represents the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit; n represents the number of times the energy storage of the ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; T i T represents the converter's operating response time when the energy storage capacity of the i-th ring main unit cannot meet the grid demand; max This indicates the preset maximum allowable operating response time of the converter; T c This indicates the preset reference value for the runtime response time; T fmax This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, representing the maximum fluctuation in operating response time; T fmin This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the minimum fluctuation in the operating response time required by the power grid; T b This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network enclosure cannot meet the grid demand, specifically the standard deviation of the operating response time; T z This indicates that the energy storage capacity of the nth ring network box cannot meet the grid demand, representing the median value of the operating response time. The operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit is compared with a preset response coefficient threshold. When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether the ring main unit needs to respond to an abnormal operation alarm.

2. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring network box includes: The converter is used to convert electrical energy in the battery pack into AC power and transmit the AC power to the power grid to achieve grid response; it is also used to convert electrical energy supplied by the grid into DC power and enable the battery pack to store DC power, enabling the ring network box to store energy.

3. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery pack is equipped with a protection circuit module, which is used to protect the batteries in the battery pack.

4. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protection circuit module includes: The battery monitoring unit is used to monitor the charging and discharging process of the battery. Based on sensors, the voltage and current of the battery during charging and discharging are monitored and continuously collected in real time to obtain real-time battery monitoring data. The analysis and evaluation unit is used to analyze and evaluate the charging and discharging process of the battery. Pre-set battery monitoring threshold data according to the circuit protection requirements in the battery pack; Based on battery monitoring threshold data, the real-time battery monitoring data is compared and analyzed to evaluate the battery charging and discharging process, determine whether the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, and determine the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation results. Among them, when the real-time battery monitoring data is within the battery monitoring threshold data range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result is that the battery does not have overcharge or over-discharge phenomena. If the real-time battery monitoring data is outside the battery monitoring threshold range, the battery monitoring analysis and evaluation result indicates that the battery is overcharged or over-discharged.

5. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protection circuit module further includes: The protection and control unit is used to protect and control the batteries in the battery pack. Obtain battery monitoring, analysis, and evaluation results; Based on the battery monitoring, analysis and evaluation results, a battery pack protection and control plan is formulated; Based on the battery pack protection and control scheme, the batteries in the battery pack are protected and controlled. If the battery is overcharged or over-discharged, the power supply should be cut off immediately to avoid damaging the battery, and an early warning alarm should be issued to the battery pack to promptly remind the management personnel to manage and maintain the battery pack.

6. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller includes: The instruction receiving unit is used to receive instruction signals from the power grid; The response control unit is used to control the converters in each ring network box to achieve a response to the power grid; Acquire command signals from the power grid and analyze these command signals; Distributed control of the converter operation of each ring network box is achieved by using command signals from the power grid, so that the operation of the ring network boxes is coordinated and consistent, and the grid can respond quickly according to the needs of the power grid, thereby realizing optimized control of the power grid.

7. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 6, characterized in that, Controlling the converters in each ring main unit to achieve a response to the power grid includes: When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating that an increase in power supply is needed, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the electrical energy of the battery pack into AC power and transmit the AC power to the power grid, responding quickly according to the power grid's demand. When the controller receives a command signal from the power grid indicating a need to reduce power supply, it controls the converters in each ring network box to convert the electrical energy supplied by the power grid into DC power, and then transmits the DC power to the battery pack, so that the battery pack stores the DC power and the ring network box stores energy.

8. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller controls the converters in each ring main unit to perform the following operations: Based on the command signals from the power grid, the energy storage status of each ring network box is detected to determine the energy storage results of each ring network box. When the energy storage status of each ring network box cannot meet the power grid demand, the controller controls the operation of the converters in each ring network box to ensure coordinated operation between the ring network boxes. The converters convert the electrical energy of the battery pack into AC electrical energy and transmit the AC electrical energy to the power grid to quickly respond to the power grid demand.

9. The ring network energy storage system based on distributed control according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds a preset response coefficient threshold, it is determined whether an abnormal operation alarm needs to be triggered for the ring main unit, including: When the operating response coefficient of the converter corresponding to the ring main unit exceeds the preset response coefficient threshold, the ring main unit corresponding to the operating response coefficient exceeding the preset response threshold is taken as the target ring main unit. Extract the preset correlation coefficients between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes; The correlation coefficient between the target ring network box and other ring network boxes is compared with a preset correlation coefficient threshold, and ring network boxes with a correlation coefficient with the target ring network box that is not lower than the preset correlation coefficient threshold are selected as observation ring network boxes. Extract the operational response coefficients corresponding to the observation ring network box; Extract the operating response coefficients corresponding to the target ring network box; The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained by using the operational response coefficients of the observed ring network box and the target ring network box. The comprehensive operational response coefficient is obtained using the following formula: ； Among them, R c Represents the overall operational response coefficient; m represents the number of observation ring network boxes; R i G represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; i R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the i-th observation ring network box; x R represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box; b G represents the standard deviation of the operating response coefficients corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; b Let represent the standard deviation of the correlation coefficients corresponding to the m observation ring network boxes; K represents the adjustment coefficient, which is obtained by the following formula: ； Where K represents the adjustment coefficient; G max R represents the maximum correlation coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; max R represents the operational response coefficient of the observed ring network box corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient; m G represents the maximum value of the operating response coefficient corresponding to m observation ring network boxes; m R represents the correlation coefficient corresponding to the observation ring network box with the maximum operating response coefficient; x This represents the operational response coefficient corresponding to the target ring network box; The overall operating response coefficient is compared with a preset overall coefficient threshold. When the comprehensive operation response coefficient exceeds the preset comprehensive coefficient threshold, it is determined that the transformer of the target ring network box has an abnormal response operation, and an abnormal response operation alarm is triggered.

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