Adsorption tower and adsorbent cyclic regeneration method
By using microwave generators and waveguides in the adsorption tower for microwave heating, the problem of large electricity consumption and regenerative gas consumption in the desorption and regenerative process of adsorbent in traditional gas purification technology is solved, and more efficient energy utilization and regenerative gas reduction is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411942505.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
AI Technical Summary
In traditional gas purification technology, the power consumption and regenerating gas consumption during the desorption and regeneration of adsorbents are large, resulting in an increase in energy consumption and an increase in system volume.
An adsorption tower is adopted to conduct microwaves into the adsorbent using a microwave generator and a waveguide, which makes it heat and regenerate, reducing the loss of heat during the transfer process and improving the energy utilization efficiency.
Through microwave heating technology, the total power consumption and regenerating gas consumption during the adsorbent desorption and regeneration process are reduced, and the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119680336A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and specifically relates to an adsorption tower and an adsorbent recycling regeneration method. Background Art
[0002] Gas purification technology is widely used in various industries to remove trace impurities in the gas. At present, physical adsorption is a commonly used method for removing trace impurities. After adsorbing trace impurities in the gas, desorption and regeneration are achieved through heating with a built-in heating core. However, the heat conduction efficiency between the heating core and the solid adsorbent is low, resulting in increased power consumption and increased adsorption tower volume under the same processing capacity. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an adsorption tower and an adsorbent recycling regeneration method to reduce the power consumption during the adsorbent desorption and regeneration process.
[0004] The present application embodiment proposes an adsorption tower, comprising:
[0005] A main body, wherein a receiving cavity is provided therein, and a first pipe and a second pipe penetrating the receiving cavity are provided on the main body;
[0006] An inner cylinder extends from the outside of the body to the accommodating cavity;
[0007] The adsorbent is filled between the first pipe and the second pipe in the containing chamber and is arranged around the inner cylinder;
[0008] The heating device comprises a microwave generator and a waveguide tube. The microwave generator is arranged at one end of the inner cylinder located outside the body. The waveguide tube is connected to the microwave generator and extends in the inner cylinder to one end of the adsorbent close to the microwave generator. The microwave generator sends microwaves to be output through one end of the waveguide tube away from the microwave generator and through the inner cylinder to the adsorbent, so as to heat and regenerate the adsorbent.
[0009] In some embodiments, the adsorption tower further comprises:
[0010] The rotating device is connected with the microwave generator so that the microwave generator drives the waveguide to rotate with the rotation of the rotating device.
[0011] In some embodiments, the waveguide rotates at a speed of 10 rpm.
[0012] In some embodiments, the adsorption tower further comprises:
[0013] A first distributor, the first distributor is laid on one end of the adsorbent close to the first pipe and connected to the body, the first distributor comprises a first wire mesh and a second wire mesh stacked, the first wire mesh is arranged between the adsorbent and the second wire mesh, the mesh width and mesh density of the first wire mesh are greater than the mesh width and mesh density of the second wire mesh;
[0014] The second distributor includes a third pipe, an outer wire mesh and an inner wire mesh. The third pipe is connected to the second pipe in the accommodating cavity. The end of the third pipe away from the second pipe is a sealed end. The inner wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the third pipe, and the outer wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the inner wire mesh. The mesh width and mesh density of the outer wire mesh and the inner wire mesh are the same.
[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the wall of the third pipe, and the total area of all the through holes arranged on the wall of the third pipe is 5 times the radial cross-sectional area of the second pipe.
[0016] In some embodiments, the microwave generator generates microwaves at a frequency of 300 MHz to 1000 MHz.
[0017] In some embodiments, the waveguide has a diameter ranging from 100 mm to 650 mm.
[0018] In some embodiments, the adsorbent is packed in a normal packing or a dense packing.
[0019] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder is made of ceramic material;
[0020] The waveguide is made of metal.
[0021] Accordingly, the present application also provides a method for recycling an adsorbent, comprising:
[0022] The raw gas is introduced from the first pipeline, the target component in the raw gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption is output from the second pipeline;
[0023] Conducting microwaves into the adsorbent so that the adsorbent desorbs the target component;
[0024] The regeneration gas is introduced from the second pipeline, passes through the adsorbent, and the regeneration gas containing the target component is output from the first pipeline.
[0025] In some embodiments, the pressure of the regeneration gas is 0.6 MPaG to 3.0 MPaG.
[0026] In some embodiments, the frequency of introducing the regeneration gas is 2 minutes per time.
[0027] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the regeneration gas is 0.07 m / s to 0.46 m / s.
[0028] The beneficial effect of the present application is that the present application proposes an adsorption tower, which includes a body, an inner tube, an adsorbent, and a heating device. A containing cavity is provided in the body, and a first pipe and a second pipe that penetrate the containing cavity are provided on the body; the inner tube extends from the outside of the body to the containing cavity; the adsorbent is loaded between the first pipe and the second pipe in the containing cavity and is arranged around the inner tube; the heating device includes a microwave generator and a waveguide, the microwave generator is arranged at one end of the inner tube located outside the body, the waveguide is connected to the microwave generator and extends in the inner tube to the end of the adsorbent close to the microwave generator; the microwave generator sends microwaves through the end of the waveguide away from the microwave generator and outputs them, and passes through the inner tube to the adsorbent, so that the adsorbent is heated and regenerated. The present application sends microwaves through the waveguide and through the inner tube to the adsorbent through the microwave generator to heat and regenerate the adsorbent, thereby reducing the total power consumption and regeneration gas consumption during the desorption and regeneration process of the adsorbent.
[0029] The present application also proposes a method for recycling adsorbents, including an adsorption tower as in the above embodiment, so that it can have all the technical features and technical effects of the above adsorption tower, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adsorbent proposed in an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for recycling adsorbent proposed in an embodiment of the present application.
[0033] Figure numerals: 10, main body; 11, first pipeline; 12, second pipeline; 13, accommodating chamber; 14, loading port; 15, unloading port; 16, thermocouple; 20, adsorbent; 30, inner tube; 40, heating device; 41, microwave generator; 42, waveguide tube; 50, first distributor; 60, second distributor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.
[0036] The present application provides an adsorption tower and an adsorbent recycling method, which are described in detail below. It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of the present application. In the following embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.
[0037] As the preamble of the embodiment of the present application, gas purification technology is widely used in various industries to remove trace impurities in the gas. Catalytic removal methods usually introduce products corresponding to impurities, so physical adsorption methods have become a commonly used means of removing trace impurities. For different types of substances, the physical adsorption process uses variable temperature or variable pressure to achieve desorption regeneration. The traditional temperature swing adsorption process regeneration method usually uses high-temperature regeneration gas or built-in heating core for regeneration. However, the traditional temperature swing adsorption technology faces the problem of large regeneration gas consumption during the high-temperature hot gas regeneration process. To ensure the regeneration effect, the total amount of regeneration gas usually accounts for 15% to 20% of the treated gas volume. In the dry water process, the regeneration gas can be returned to the inlet through the cooling liquid separation cycle to maintain the stability of the device processing load. However, for other low-boiling point substances (such as R134a), due to the low concentration of regeneration gas, the common cooling liquid separation method is difficult to achieve effective separation. If deep cooling equipment is used, liquefaction can be achieved, but the cost and energy consumption are high. If the traditional built-in heating core is used, due to the extreme temperature limit of the thermal resistor in the heating core (generally the surface temperature is not more than 400°C), when working under this condition, the heat conduction efficiency between the heating core and the solid adsorbent is low, resulting in increased power consumption and increased adsorption tower volume under the same processing capacity.
[0038] In view of this, the present application proposes an adsorption tower, aiming to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
[0039] See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adsorbent proposed in an embodiment of the present application. An adsorption tower is proposed in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a body 10, provided with a receiving cavity 13, and provided with a first pipe 11 and a second pipe 12 penetrating the receiving cavity 13 on the body 10; an inner cylinder 30 extending from the outside of the body 10 to the receiving cavity 13; an adsorbent 20 loaded between the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 in the receiving cavity 13, and arranged around the inner cylinder 30; a heating device 40, comprising a microwave generator 41 and a waveguide 42, the microwave generator 41 being arranged at one end of the inner cylinder 30 located outside the body 10, the waveguide 42 being connected to the microwave generator 41 and extending in the inner cylinder 30 to the end of the adsorbent 20 close to the microwave generator 41; the microwave generator 41 sends microwaves through the end of the waveguide 42 away from the microwave generator 41, and outputs them through the inner cylinder 30 to the adsorbent 20, so as to heat and regenerate the adsorbent 20.
[0040] It should be understood that the adsorption tower in the present application is a device that fills the tower with adsorbent so that certain components in the gas entering the tower are adsorbed by the porous structure of the adsorbent, thereby achieving component separation. The first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 that penetrate the accommodating chamber 13 on the main body 10 are used to input and output gas; it should be noted that in some embodiments, based on the use state of the adsorption tower, the first pipe 11 is arranged at the lower end of the main body 10, and the second pipe 12 is arranged at the upper end of the main body 10; in the case of gas adsorption, the raw gas enters from the first pipe 11, and after adsorption, it is output from the second pipe 12; in the case of adsorbent desorption regeneration, the regenerated gas is input from the second pipe 12, and the regenerated gas is output from the first pipe 11 with the components removed by the adsorbent. In addition, it should be noted that the main body 10 is also provided with a loading port 14, a discharging port 15, and a thermocouple 16 that pass through the accommodating cavity 13. The loading port 14 is arranged at the upper end of the main body 10 for loading the adsorbent 20 into the accommodating cavity 13, and the discharging port 15 is arranged at the lower end of the main body 10 for unloading the adsorbent 20 in the accommodating cavity 13; the thermocouple 16 is inserted into the accommodating cavity 13 for measuring the real-time temperature of the adsorbent 20 in the accommodating cavity 13.
[0041] The inner cylinder 30 is a hollow cylindrical container, that is, the inner cylinder 30 is a container with two ends connected, one end of the inner cylinder 30 is arranged outside the main body 10, and the other end of the inner cylinder 30 is inserted into the accommodating chamber 13. The existence of the inner cylinder 30 provides necessary support for the adsorbent, which is beneficial to the stability of the adsorbent filling; it should be noted that the inner cylinder 30 is fixedly connected to the main body 10, and the inner cylinder 30 can extend along the length direction X of the main body 10, that is, the inner cylinder 30 can extend from the upper end to the lower end of the main body 10, and the position of the inner cylinder 30 at the lower end exceeds the position of the adsorbent 20 in the main body 10, so that the inner cylinder 30 provides necessary support for the entire adsorbent.
[0042] The adsorbent 20 is arranged between the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 to prevent the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 from being buried by the adsorbent. The adsorbent can be filled in a common manner or in a dense phase manner. When the adsorbent is columnar activated carbon, dense phase filling is adopted. Commonly used materials are alumina, SG silica gel, AC activated carbon, 3A molecular sieve, 4A molecular sieve, 5A molecular sieve and 13X molecular sieve, etc., among which alumina, SG silica gel, 3A molecular sieve and 4A molecular sieve are commonly used for dehydration of different materials, and AC activated carbon and 13X molecular sieve are commonly used for gas purification. It should be noted that ordinary filling refers to filling the adsorbent particles into the container or adsorption tower in a relatively loose manner. Ordinary filling can be achieved by gravity filling, vibration assistance, etc., that is, pouring the adsorbent particles directly into the adsorption tower container by gravity or using a vibrator or vibration table to slightly vibrate the container during the filling process; dense phase filling refers to filling the adsorbent particles tightly into the container or adsorption tower to minimize the gaps between the particles. Dense phase filling can be achieved by mechanical compaction, layered filling, airflow assistance, etc., that is, using a mechanical device to compact the adsorbent to reduce the gaps between the particles; or loading the adsorbent in batches and layers, and compacting each layer after filling; or using airflow during the filling process to help the particles arrange more closely. Different loading adsorbent materials and loading methods can be selected according to different purification needs.
[0043] The microwave generator 41 is used to generate microwaves. The end of the inner cylinder 30 located outside the body 10 can be provided with a flange cover on the inner cylinder 30, and then the microwave generator 41 can be fixed to the flange cover by flange bolts. The waveguide 42 is used to conduct microwaves. The microwave generator 41 is connected to the waveguide 42 to directly connect the output port of the microwave generator 41 to the input port of the waveguide 42, so that the microwave generated by the microwave generator 41 can be conducted through the waveguide 42. In the case of desorption regeneration of the adsorbent, the adsorbed material in the adsorbent absorbs microwaves and converts them into heat to realize the desorption regeneration process. Compared with the regeneration method of high-temperature regeneration gas or built-in heating core, microwave heating can directly act on the adsorbed material in the adsorbent, making the heating speed faster; and microwaves can penetrate the adsorbent material to achieve uniform internal heating, reduce temperature gradients, and thus reduce energy consumption; microwave heating directly transfers energy to the adsorbed material, reducing heat loss during the transfer process; in addition, the microwave heating system can accurately control the heating time and power, which is convenient for realizing the automation and optimization of the regeneration process. No additional high-temperature regeneration gas or complex built-in heating device is required, which simplifies the system design. This not only reduces equipment costs but also reduces maintenance requirements.
[0044] Through the above technical scheme, the present application proposes an adsorption tower, the structure of which uses microwave heating technology, and sends microwaves through a waveguide and through an inner tube to the adsorbent through a microwave generator, and utilizes the adsorbed substance in the adsorbent to absorb microwave energy and convert it into heat energy to achieve desorption and regeneration, so that the adsorbent can be heated and regenerated; microwave heating reduces the loss of heat during the transfer process, improves energy utilization efficiency, and thus can reduce the total power consumption during the desorption and regeneration process of the adsorbent; and, no high-temperature regeneration gas is required to heat the adsorbent, reducing dependence on regeneration gas, thereby reducing regeneration gas consumption.
[0045] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 30 is made of ceramic material.
[0046] In some embodiments, the waveguide 42 is made of metal.
[0047] Through the above technical solution, the ceramic material absorbs less energy at the microwave frequency, so that the microwave energy can be more effectively transferred to the adsorbent instead of being absorbed by the inner tube. In addition, the ceramic material has excellent high temperature resistance and can withstand the high temperature environment generated during microwave heating. The metal material has good conductivity and can effectively transmit microwave energy, so that the microwave energy can be efficiently transferred from the microwave generator to the adsorbent, and the metal material can reflect microwaves and reduce energy loss, which enables the waveguide to effectively guide the microwave energy to the adsorbent and improve the heating efficiency.
[0048] In some embodiments, the adsorption tower further includes: a rotating device (not shown in the figure), the rotating device is connected to the microwave generator 41, so that the microwave generator 41 drives the waveguide 42 to rotate with the rotation of the rotating device. It should be noted that the rotating device can use a variety of mechanical and electric devices to achieve its function. For example, a stepper motor can accurately control the rotation angle and speed. The rotating device can pass through the flange cover and be connected to the microwave generator 41 through a driving rod, so that the microwave generator 41 drives the waveguide 42 to rotate with the rotation of the rotating device.
[0049] In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the waveguide 42 is 10 rpm. It should be noted that the rotation speed of the waveguide 42 can also be optimized according to different process requirements and adsorbent characteristics.
[0050] It should be understood that the rotating device can make the microwave generator 41 rotate along the central axis of the inner cylinder 30, so that the microwaves sent by the microwave generator 41 can evenly cover the surface of the entire inner cylinder 30, ensuring that the adsorbent is evenly heated during the desorption and regeneration process. The rotation speed of 10rpm ensures that the microwave energy is evenly distributed in the adsorbent. Through rotation, the microwaves can cover all parts of the adsorbent; and the moderate rotation speed allows the microwave energy to fully act on the adsorbent, increasing the interaction time between the microwaves and the adsorbed substances, thereby improving the heating efficiency and regeneration effect. By making the microwaves sent by the microwave generator 41 uniform, the effect of adsorbent desorption and regeneration can be improved. Uniform microwave radiation can heat the adsorbent more evenly, allowing it to desorb more thoroughly, thereby improving the regeneration efficiency. In addition, uniform microwave radiation can also reduce the temperature gradient on the surface of the adsorbent, avoid local overheating or overcooling, and ensure the stability and consistency of the regeneration process.
[0051] In some embodiments, the adsorption tower further includes: a first distributor 50, the first distributor 50 is laid on one end of the adsorbent 20 close to the first pipe 11 and connected to the body 10, the first distributor 50 includes a first wire mesh (not marked in the figure) and a second wire mesh (not marked in the figure) stacked, the first wire mesh is arranged between the adsorbent 20 and the second wire mesh, and the mesh width and mesh density of the first wire mesh are greater than the mesh width and mesh density of the second wire mesh;
[0052] The second distributor 60 includes a third pipe (not marked in the figure), an outer wire mesh (not marked in the figure) and an inner wire mesh (not marked in the figure). The third pipe is connected to the second pipe 12 in the accommodating chamber 13. The end of the third pipe away from the second pipe 12 is a sealed end. The inner wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the third pipe, and the outer wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the inner wire mesh. The mesh width and mesh density of the outer wire mesh and the inner wire mesh are the same.
[0053] It should be understood that the first distributor 50 is located at one end of the adsorbent 20 close to the first pipe 11 and is connected to the adsorbent 20. In the case of gas adsorption, the gas flow entering the adsorption tower can be evenly distributed to ensure that the gas can fully contact the adsorbent and improve the adsorption efficiency. In addition, the mesh width and mesh density of the first wire mesh are greater than the mesh width and mesh density of the second wire mesh to prevent the adsorbent 20 from leaking to the bottom of the adsorption tower and losing the adsorption effect. The mesh width and mesh density of the two layers of wire mesh in the second distributor 60 are the same, and the outer wire mesh is set on the outside of the inner wire mesh. This double-layer structure provides additional mechanical strength and stability, preventing adsorbent particles from entering the gas outflow path while ensuring smooth gas flow. It should also be noted that wire mesh is provided on both the first distributor 50 and the second distributor 60, which can also effectively block the escape of microwaves during the regeneration process, wherein the first distributor 50 can adopt a plate-type distributor, that is, a flat plate with openings is laid on the end of the adsorbent 20 close to the first pipe 11 and the outer periphery of the first distributor 50 can be connected to the inner wall of the accommodating chamber 13, the end of the inner tube inserted into the accommodating chamber 13 passes through the first distributor 50, and the stacked first wire mesh and second wire mesh are arranged between the adsorbent 20 and the flat plate with openings and cover all the openings on the flat plate; in addition, the second distributor 60 can adopt a tubular distributor, that is, a pipe with multiple small holes is connected to the second pipe 12, the end of the third pipe in the second distributor 60 away from the second pipe 12 is a sealed end, that is, a blind state, the inner wire mesh and the outer wire mesh are successively sleeved on the outside of the third pipe, the inner wire mesh and the outer wire mesh can be connected to the second pipe 12, and the inner wire mesh and the outer wire mesh cover all the small holes on the third pipe.
[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the wall of the third pipe, and the total area of all the through holes arranged on the wall of the third pipe is 5 times the radial cross-sectional area of the second pipe 12. It should be understood that the radial cross-sectional area of the second pipe 12 refers to the area of the cross section of the pipe, which is usually used to calculate the flow rate and speed of the fluid flowing through the pipe. The total area of all the through holes arranged on the wall of the third pipe is 5 times the radial cross-sectional area of the second pipe 12, which can ensure the flow area of the gas in the second pipe 12, and can effectively prevent the bottleneck or flow rate reduction of the fluid when passing through the third pipe, thereby helping to maintain the overall pressure balance of the system.
[0055] In some embodiments, the specification of the first wire mesh is GF1W1.25 / 0.5, and the specification of the second wire mesh is GF1W0.8 / 0.315; the specifications of the outer wire mesh and the inner wire mesh are GF1W0.8 / 0.315. It should be understood that the first wire mesh and the second wire mesh provide additional mechanical strength and stability for the adsorbent 20, and the larger mesh width of the first wire mesh allows a larger gas flow to pass through, reducing the flow resistance, and helping to improve the flow speed and distribution uniformity of the gas. The smaller wire diameter and mesh diameter of the second wire mesh further provide a finer filtering effect, ensuring that the gas is more evenly distributed before entering the adsorbent layer, helping to reduce turbulence and unevenness in the gas flow, and improving adsorption efficiency. The double-layer wire mesh design in the second distributor 60 provides additional mechanical strength and stability to prevent adsorbent particles from entering the gas outflow path. The same wire diameter and mesh diameter ensure the smoothness of the gas flow, while providing sufficient filtering effect to maintain the purity of the gas.
[0056] In some embodiments, the microwave frequency generated by the microwave generator 41 can be 300MHz to 1000MHz. Specifically, the microwave frequency generated by the microwave generator 41 can be any value among 300MHz, 400MHz, 500MHz, 600MHz, 700MHz, 800MHz, 900MHz, 1000MHz or a range value between any two values. It should be understood that 300MHz to 1000MHz can better control the regeneration temperature; in addition, it should be noted that the microwave frequency can also select the corresponding frequency according to different media, and the larger the dielectric constant of the adsorbed substance, the larger the selected frequency.
[0057] In some embodiments, the diameter of the waveguide tube 42 may be 100 mm to 650 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the waveguide tube 42 may be any value among 100 mm, 200 mm, 350 mm, 500 mm, and 650 mm, or a range between any two values. It should be understood that the diameter of the waveguide tube can achieve efficient microwave transmission within a specific frequency band; in addition, it should be noted that the diameter of the waveguide tube 42 may be selected according to different microwave frequencies.
[0058] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 The following is a flow chart of a method for recycling adsorbents proposed in an embodiment of the present application. Accordingly, the present application also provides a method for recycling adsorbents, the method comprising:
[0059] The raw gas is introduced from the first pipeline 11, the target components in the raw gas are adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption is output from the second pipeline 12;
[0060] Conducting microwaves into the adsorbent so that the adsorbent desorbs the target component;
[0061] The regeneration gas is introduced from the second pipeline 12 , passes through the adsorbent, and the regeneration gas containing the target components is output from the first pipeline 11 .
[0062] It should be understood that the present application can heat the adsorbent quickly and evenly through microwave heating, improve desorption efficiency, and shorten regeneration time. Through microwave technology, the energy loss of traditional heating methods is reduced and the overall energy efficiency of the system is improved. In addition, it should be noted that the present application proposes a method for recycling and regenerating an adsorbent, including an adsorption tower as in the above embodiment. Therefore, it can have all the technical features and technical effects of the above-mentioned adsorption tower, which will not be repeated here.
[0063] In some embodiments, the pressure of the regeneration gas can be 0.6MPaG to 3.0MPaG. It should be understood that by applying high-pressure gas shock to flush the heated adsorbent, this method can increase the linear speed of flushing, thereby ensuring the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent. It should be noted that the source of the regeneration gas in a double-tower adsorption drying system can come from another tower, that is, when one adsorption tower is undergoing adsorption operation, the other adsorption tower is in the regeneration stage, that is, a portion of the dry air (called regeneration gas) extracted from the tower undergoing adsorption is used to regenerate the tower in the regeneration stage. It should be noted that the pressure of the regeneration gas can be equal to the adsorption pressure of the other adsorption tower.
[0064] In some embodiments, the frequency of regeneration gas introduction is 2 minutes per time. It should be understood that the number of times the regeneration gas is introduced can be designed according to the actual needs of the scheme. The appropriate frequency of regeneration gas introduction ensures that the regeneration gas can frequently contact the adsorbent and quickly take away the desorbed target components, and the reasonable frequency and number settings can optimize the use of regeneration gas and reduce unnecessary waste of resources. In addition, frequent and multiple regeneration gas introduction helps to maintain the stable operation of the system, can reduce fluctuations during the regeneration process, and ensure the continuity and reliability of the system. In addition, it should be noted that the length of time for the regeneration gas to be introduced varies according to the volume of the containing chamber. The total amount of regeneration gas introduced at one time can be 1.5 times the volume of the containing chamber, ensuring that the regeneration gas can fully fill the entire containing chamber, thereby effectively replacing it.
[0065] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the regeneration gas is 0.07 m / s to 0.46 m / s. Specifically, the flow rate of the regeneration gas can be any value among 0.07 m / s, 0.1 m / s, 0.2 m / s, 0.3 m / s, 0.4 m / s, 0.46 m / s, or a range value between any two values. It should be understood that in order to separate the adsorbed substance from the surface of the adsorbent, it is necessary to set the effective flow rate of the regeneration gas, that is, to enable the adsorbed substance to overcome the adsorption force and separate from the surface of the adsorbent; to avoid mechanical wear of the adsorbent due to excessive flow rate; and, an appropriate flow rate helps to extend the service life of the adsorbent and prevent deterioration of the adsorbent due to incomplete regeneration. In addition, it should be noted that the flow rate of the regeneration gas can also be set according to the actual solution requirements.
[0066] In some embodiments, the total amount of regeneration gas in the present application is 5% to 10% of the total amount of raw gas. It should be understood that in the case of desorption regeneration of the adsorbent, the adsorbed material in the adsorbent absorbs microwaves and converts them into heat to realize the desorption regeneration process. Compared with the regeneration method of high-temperature regeneration gas or built-in heating core, microwave heating can directly act on the adsorbed material in the adsorbent, making the heating rate faster; compared with the traditional method, high-temperature regeneration gas is not required to heat the adsorbent, reducing the dependence on regeneration gas, thereby reducing the consumption of regeneration gas. Furthermore, the amount of regeneration gas can be reduced from 20% to 5% to 10%. The reduction in regeneration gas consumption directly reduces the operating cost, especially when the regeneration gas is expensive or the supply is limited, the economic benefits are more obvious.
[0067] Take the removal of moisture from the air as an example; the raw gas is boosted to a specific pressure level by the supercharger and then enters the adsorption tower. During the drying process, the removal of moisture from the adsorbent 20 is achieved through microwave heating regeneration technology. Among them, the adsorbent 20 is a 3A molecular sieve, and the water-containing raw gas is introduced into the adsorption tower from the first pipeline 11 via the first distributor 50. During this process, the moisture is effectively adsorbed by the 3A molecular sieve, and the purified gas flows out from the second pipeline 12. When the adsorbent 20 in the adsorption tower reaches a saturated state, the microwave generator 41 is started, and the microwaves generated are used to heat the 3A molecular sieve in the adsorption tower through the waveguide 42 until the bed temperature of the adsorbent 20 rises to above 160°C. The regeneration gas is used to intermittently purge the interior of the adsorption tower, and the high air flow velocity generated by the high-pressure regeneration gas is used to remove the moisture in the pores of the 3A molecular sieve, thereby completing the desorption regeneration process of the adsorbent. The regeneration gas in this example is reduced from the original 40% to less than 10%. This improvement greatly reduces the demand for regeneration gas. Specifically, with 20000Nm 3Taking the adsorption purification of moisture in / h air as an example, the operating pressure of the raw gas is 0.68MPaG, the operating temperature is 40℃, the water content of the raw gas is 0.95%, and the outlet water content discharge is required to meet the requirement of 10ppm. Among them, conventional heating regeneration: the absolute content of water in the raw gas is 152kg / h, the adsorption time is 8h, and the required adsorbent dosage is 45t. The regeneration temperature of water in the molecular sieve adsorbent is 160℃. According to the regeneration time of 4h, the required regeneration gas volume is 7800Nm 3 / h, accounting for about 40% of the total intake air, the heater power is 900kW, and the total consumption of a single cycle is 3600kW. Microwave heating regeneration: Under the same working conditions, the total heat applied to the adsorbent medium and the adsorbent by microwaves is certain, and the microwave heating efficiency is about 10% higher than the traditional heating efficiency in energy conversion efficiency. When using high-pressure regeneration gas, the linear velocity of the adsorbed material from the molecular sieve surface generally needs to be greater than 0.07m / s. According to the linear velocity, the required regeneration gas volume is 2000Nm 3 / h, accounting for about 10% of the total intake air.
[0068] In addition, taking the adsorption purification of R134a refrigerant in the air as an example, in a process integrating compression, condensation and adsorption technology, in order to achieve efficient recovery of R134a, according to the separation characteristics exhibited by the condensing equipment, the R134a concentration at its outlet is controlled at 200ppm, which fails to meet the emission standard of 100ppm. Therefore, the temperature swing adsorption technology is introduced to achieve complete recovery of R134a. The raw gas containing R134a enters the adsorption tower evenly through the first distributor 50 via the first pipeline 11. In this process, R134a is effectively adsorbed by the 13X molecular sieve, and then the purified air is discharged from the second pipeline 12. When the adsorbent in the adsorption tower reaches a saturated state, the microwave generator is started to generate microwaves, and the microwaves are guided into the adsorption tower through the waveguide to heat the materials therein (including the 13X molecular sieve and R134a in its pore size). Once the temperature of the adsorbent bed rises to more than 150°C, part of the high-pressure purified gas is used to perform intermittent purging operations on the inside of the adsorption tower. With the help of the high air flow velocity generated by high-pressure gas, the R134a in the pores of the 13X molecular sieve can be effectively taken out, thereby realizing the regeneration of the adsorbent. Considering that the R134a regeneration gas cannot be condensed into liquid R134a through conventional cooling methods (greater than 0°C), the amount of regeneration gas required for the traditional hot gas regeneration process is about 16% of the raw gas. The adsorption tower of this application combined with microwave regeneration technology significantly reduces the use of regeneration gas, from the original 16% to less than 5%. This improvement greatly reduces the demand for regeneration gas and correspondingly reduces the circulation load of the entire system. Specifically, with 13800Nm 3Taking the adsorption purification of R134a refrigerant in / h air as an example, the amount of R134a in the raw gas is 200ppm, and the outlet R134a emission is required to meet the requirement of 100ppm. Conventional heating regeneration: the raw gas operating pressure is 2.1MPaG, the raw gas operating temperature is 25℃, the absolute content of R134a in the raw gas is 12.56kg / h, the adsorption time is 8h, and the required adsorbent amount is 9.3t. The regeneration temperature of R134a in the molecular sieve adsorbent is 150℃. According to the regeneration time of 4h, the required regeneration gas volume is 2200Nm 3 / h, accounting for about 16% of the total intake air, the heater power is 120kW, and the total consumption of a single cycle is 480kW. Microwave heating regeneration: Under the same working conditions, the total heat applied to the adsorbent medium and the adsorbent by microwaves is certain, and the microwave heating efficiency is about 10% higher than the traditional heating efficiency in energy conversion efficiency. When using high-pressure gas for regeneration, the linear velocity of the adsorbed material from the molecular sieve surface generally needs to be greater than 0.07m / s. According to the linear velocity, the required regeneration gas volume is 700Nm 3 / h, accounting for about 5% of the total intake air.
[0069] The above is a detailed introduction to an adsorbent and a method for recycling and regenerating an adsorbent provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. At the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. An adsorption tower, characterized in that: include: A body (10) is provided with a receiving cavity (13) therein, and a first pipe (11) and a second pipe (12) penetrating the receiving cavity (13) are provided on the body (10); An inner cylinder (30) extending from the outside of the body (10) into the accommodating cavity (13); An adsorbent (20) is loaded between the first pipe (11) and the second pipe (12) in the containing chamber (13) and is arranged around the inner cylinder (30); The heating device (40) comprises a microwave generator (41) and a waveguide tube (42), wherein the microwave generator (41) is arranged at one end of the inner cylinder (30) located outside the body (10), and the waveguide tube (42) is connected to the microwave generator (41) and extends inside the inner cylinder (30) to one end of the adsorbent (20) close to the microwave generator (41); the microwave generator (41) sends microwaves to be output through one end of the waveguide tube (42) away from the microwave generator (41), and the microwaves are output through the inner cylinder (30) to the adsorbent (20), so as to heat and regenerate the adsorbent (20).
2. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A rotating device is connected to the microwave generator (41) so that the microwave generator (41) drives the waveguide (42) to rotate as the rotating device rotates.
3. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the waveguide (42) is 10 rpm.
4. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: a first distributor (50), the first distributor (50) being laid on one end of the adsorbent (20) close to the first pipe (11) and connected to the body (10), the first distributor (50) comprising a first wire mesh and a second wire mesh stacked together, the first wire mesh being arranged between the adsorbent (20) and the second wire mesh, the mesh width and mesh density of the first wire mesh being greater than the mesh width and mesh density of the second wire mesh; The second distributor (60) comprises a third pipe, an outer wire mesh and an inner wire mesh, wherein the third pipe is connected to the second pipe (12) in the accommodating cavity (13), and the end of the third pipe away from the second pipe (12) is a sealed end, the inner wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the third pipe, and the outer wire mesh is sleeved on the outside of the inner wire mesh, and the mesh width and mesh density of the outer wire mesh and the inner wire mesh are the same.
5. The adsorption tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes are arranged on the wall of the third pipe, and the total area of all the through holes arranged on the wall of the third pipe is 5 times the radial cross-sectional area of the second pipe (12).
6. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave generator (41) generates microwaves at a frequency of 300 MHz to 1000 MHz.
7. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the waveguide tube (42) is between 100 mm and 650 mm.
8. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorbent (20) is packed in a common manner or in a dense phase manner.
9. The adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (30) is made of ceramic material; The waveguide tube (42) is made of metal.
10. A method for recycling an adsorbent, characterized in that: include: A raw gas is introduced from a first pipeline (11), a target component in the raw gas is adsorbed by an adsorbent, and the adsorbed gas is output from a second pipeline (12); transmitting microwaves to the adsorbent so that the adsorbent desorbs the target component; Regeneration gas is introduced from the second pipeline (12), passes through the adsorbent, and regeneration gas containing target components is output from the first pipeline (11).
11. The method for recycling adsorbent according to claim 10, characterized in that: The pressure of the regeneration gas is 0.6 MPaG to 3.0 MPaG.
12. The method for recycling adsorbent according to claim 10, characterized in that: The frequency of introducing the regeneration gas is 2 minutes per time.
13. The method for recycling adsorbent according to claim 10, characterized in that: The flow rate of the regeneration gas is 0.07 m / s to 0.46 m / s.