Four-axis efficient machining clamp

Abstract

A four-axis efficient machining clamp comprises a base plate, a left rotary table arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the base plate and a right rotary table arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the base plate, the left rotary table and the right rotary table are connected through a rotary plate, and a plurality of expansion devices evenly distributed from left to right are arranged on the upper surface of the rotary plate; a plurality of pressing devices which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer ring of the upper surface of the rotating plate; the expansion device comprises an expansion table arranged on the upper surface of the rotating plate, and the expansion table is annular; and a clamping step is arranged in the expansion table. According to the four-axis efficient machining clamp, a lower hole of a differential shell can be machined without lengthening the length of a cutter, the situation that the machining precision cannot be guaranteed after the length of the cutter is lengthened is effectively avoided, meanwhile, it is guaranteed that machining of the four faces of the differential shell can be completed only by fixing the differential shell once, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the situation that the differential shell is clamped and fixed for multiple times, and consequently the position of the differential shell deviates is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of differential housing processing, in particular to a four-axis high-efficiency processing fixture. Background Art

[0002] Due to its own structural reasons, the differential case not only needs to process the upper hole and the side holes on the front and rear sides of the differential case, but also needs to process the lower hole of the differential case. Therefore, the differential case needs to be processed on four sides.

[0003] When the differential housing needs to be processed, the fixture will be used to clamp its own outer diameter. At this time, the tool above the differential housing can move downward to process the upper hole of the differential housing. When the side hole of the differential housing needs to be processed, the differential housing can be flipped 90 degrees forward or backward through the fixture. When the lower hole of the differential housing needs to be processed, the differential housing can be flipped 180 degrees through the fixture. However, the traditional fixture is limited by its own structure and has a high height. The traditional fixture can only clamp the outer diameter of the differential housing with the claws at its end. In this case, when processing the lower hole of the differential housing, the tool can only process the lower hole of the differential housing after passing through the fixture. This processing method will cause the tool length to be extremely long. When the tool length becomes longer, the compressed tool is very likely to have a certain degree of deviation, which ultimately affects the processing accuracy.

[0004] If the above problem is solved without machining the lower hole of the differential case through the fixture, there is no need to flip the fixture 180 degrees. Instead, the differential case can be directly removed from the fixture, and then the differential case itself can be flipped 180 degrees and re-fixed on the fixture. At this time, the lower hole of the differential case is directly facing upward, and the tool can easily machine the lower hole of the differential case. Although this processing method avoids lengthening the tool, it will cause the differential case to be fixed twice, and the center point of the second fixation will inevitably deviate from the center point of the first fixation, which ultimately leads to the inability to guarantee the processing accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the existing technical problem by providing a four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture, which can process the lower hole of the differential housing without lengthening the tool, effectively avoiding the situation where the machining accuracy cannot be guaranteed after the tool length is lengthened, and at the same time ensures that the differential housing only needs to be fixed once to complete the machining of the four surfaces of the differential housing, avoiding the situation where the differential housing is clamped and fixed multiple times, resulting in deviation in its own position.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] The present invention discloses a four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture, comprising a base plate, a left turntable arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the base plate, and a right turntable arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the base plate, the left turntable and the right turntable are connected by a rotating plate, the upper surface of the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of expansion devices evenly distributed from left to right; the outer ring of the upper surface of the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of clamping devices evenly distributed in a circumference; the expansion device comprises an expansion platform arranged on the upper surface of the rotating plate, the expansion platform is annular; a positioning step is provided in the expansion platform; the lower surface of the rotating plate is provided with a through hole which is connected with the inner hole of the expansion platform; a differential housing matching with it is placed on the positioning step, and a tool can process the differential housing through the through hole; when the inner circumference of the expansion platform expands the differential housing, the clamping device can press down the differential housing so that the differential housing is pressed on the positioning step.

[0008] The expansion device includes an expansion chamber arranged in the expansion platform, the expansion chamber is annular, and the position of the expansion chamber corresponds to the position of the locking step; a plurality of oil channels communicating with the expansion chamber are arranged on the lower surface of the expansion platform; the oil channels and the expansion chamber are both filled with hydraulic oil.

[0009] A plurality of pads evenly distributed in a circumference are arranged in the inner hole of the expansion platform, and a positioning step is arranged on the upper surface of the pad; the pad is fixed to the rotating plate by a plurality of fixing screws.

[0010] The clamping device includes a clamping cylinder arranged on a rotating plate; a clamping arm is hinged on the upper end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder; an articulated seat is provided on the upper surface of the clamping cylinder; the middle part of the clamping arm is hinged to the upper end of the articulated seat through a hinge shaft; a clamping head is provided on the lower surface of one end of the clamping arm adjacent to the center of the expansion platform.

[0011] An upper shaft joint is provided at the upper end of the differential housing; a lower shaft joint is provided at the lower end of the differential housing; and an annular protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the differential housing.

[0012] A supporting sleeve matching it is provided in the through hole; a positioning portion is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the supporting sleeve; a positioning groove matching the positioning portion is provided on the lower surface of the rotating plate; the positioning portion and the rotating plate are fixed to each other by a plurality of fastening screws; the lower shaft joint is inserted into the supporting sleeve through the pipe opening at the upper end of the supporting sleeve.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture adopting the structure of the present invention can expand the differential housing through the expansion device. After the differential housing is expanded, the differential housing can be compressed by the compression device. The two-step tightening can ensure the stability of the differential housing during machining to the greatest extent, avoid the position deviation of the differential housing during machining, and the four surfaces can be directly processed after the differential housing is fixed in the expansion table. The entire machining process does not require secondary fixation of the differential housing, effectively avoiding the situation where the position of the differential housing is deviated due to the secondary fixation, thereby causing the machining accuracy to be unable to be guaranteed. At the same time, the After eliminating the trouble of secondary fixation, a lot of time can be saved, the overall processing efficiency of the differential case can be effectively improved, and the effect of efficient processing can be achieved. When the lower hole of the differential case needs to be processed, the rotating plate only needs to drive the differential case to rotate 180 degrees, and the tool can process it through perforation. The perforation is arranged on the rotating plate. The thickness of the rotating plate itself is extremely limited, and its height relative to the traditional fixture is almost negligible. Therefore, there is no need to increase the length of the tool to complete the processing of the lower hole of the differential case, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the processing accuracy cannot be guaranteed due to the increase in the length of the tool, and the processing accuracy of the differential case is guaranteed to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture of the present invention when a differential housing is fixed;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture of the present invention when a differential housing is fixed;

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of part A;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture of the present invention when a differential housing is fixed thereon;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an angle of the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture of the present invention from another angle;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the differential housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 7The present invention provides a four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture, comprising a base plate 1, a left turntable 2 arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the base plate 1, and a right turntable 3 arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the base plate 1, the left turntable 2 and the right turntable 3 are connected by a rotating plate 4, and the upper surface of the rotating plate 4 is provided with a plurality of expansion devices evenly distributed from left to right; the outer ring of the upper surface of the rotating plate 4 is provided with a plurality of clamping devices evenly distributed in a circumference; the expansion device includes an expansion table 501 arranged on the upper surface of the rotating plate 4, The expansion platform 501 is annular; the expansion platform 501 has a locking step 502; the lower surface of the rotating plate 4 is provided with a through hole 6 that penetrates the inner hole of the expansion platform 501; a differential housing 7 matching it is placed on the locking step 502, and the tool can process the differential housing 7 through the through hole 6; when the inner circumference of the expansion platform 501 expands the differential housing 7, the clamping device can press down the differential housing 7 so that the differential housing 7 is pressed on the locking step 502.

[0024] The expansion device includes an expansion chamber 505 arranged in the expansion platform 501, the expansion chamber 505 is annular, and the position of the expansion chamber 505 corresponds to the position of the locking step 502; the lower surface of the expansion platform 501 is provided with a plurality of oil channels 506 that are connected to the expansion chamber 505; the oil channels 506 and the expansion chamber 505 are both filled with hydraulic oil 507.

[0025] A plurality of pads 508 evenly distributed in a circumference are arranged in the inner hole of the tightening platform 501 , and the positioning step 502 is arranged on the upper surface of the pad 508 ; the pad 508 is fixed to the rotating plate 4 by a plurality of fixing screws 509 .

[0026] The clamping device includes a clamping cylinder 801 arranged on the rotating plate 4; a clamping arm 802 is hinged at the upper end of the piston rod 8011 of the clamping cylinder 801; an articulated seat 803 is provided on the upper surface of the clamping cylinder 801; the middle part of the clamping arm 802 is hinged to the upper end of the articulated seat 803 through a hinge shaft 804; a clamping head 805 is provided on the lower surface of one end of the clamping arm 802 adjacent to the center of the expansion platform 501.

[0027] An upper shaft joint 701 is provided at the upper end of the differential housing 7 ; a lower shaft joint 702 is provided at the lower end of the differential housing 7 ; and an annular protrusion 703 is provided on the outer wall of the differential housing 7 .

[0028] A supporting sleeve 11 matching with it is provided in the through hole 6; a positioning portion 12 is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the supporting sleeve 11; a positioning groove 13 matching with the positioning portion 12 is provided on the lower surface of the rotating plate 4; the positioning portion 12 and the rotating plate 4 are fixed by a plurality of fastening screws 14; the lower shaft joint 702 is inserted into the supporting sleeve 11 through the pipe opening at the upper end of the supporting sleeve 11.

[0029] The method of use of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] The left turntable 2 and the right turntable 3 are existing turntables, and a fourth axis can be added in addition to the three axes of X, Y, and Z to realize the function of rotation. Therefore, when the left turntable 2 and the right turntable 3 are in operation, the rotation of the rotating plate 4 can be realized.

[0031] When the differential case 7 needs to be processed, the upper shaft joint 701 of the differential case 7 can be kept facing upward and installed into the expansion platform 501. When the lower surface of the annular protrusion 703 of the differential case 7 fits with the positioning step 502 on the upper surface of the cushion block 508, the differential case 7 is initially placed, and then the differential case 7 can be expanded. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the oil passage 506 can be squeezed, so that the oil pressure in the expansion chamber 505 increases. The expansion platform 501 is made of elastic metal material, and the expansion chamber 505 is The high pressure in 505 can squeeze the inner wall of the expansion chamber 505 toward the center of the expansion platform 501. At this time, the portion of the inner circumference of the expansion platform 501 corresponding to the position of the expansion chamber 505 expands toward the center of the expansion platform 501, and the position of the expansion chamber 505 corresponds to the position of the positioning step 502. When the inner circumference of the expansion platform 501 expands, the portion of the inner circumference of the expansion platform 501 just acts on the outer circumference of the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7, clamping and fixing the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7, thereby achieving the expansion effect.

[0032] The oil inlet of the oil channel 506 can be connected to a hydraulic oil supply device such as an oil pump through an oil pipe. The hydraulic oil supply device such as the oil pump can be directly fixed to the rotating plate 4 by screws to make it rotate synchronously with the rotating plate 4. When there is no need for expansion, the hydraulic oil supply device such as the oil pump can directly return the oil. At this time, the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil 507 returns to normal, and the expansion table loosens the differential housing.

[0033] When the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 is tightened and fixed, the clamping device can be started. At this time, the piston rod 8011 of the clamping cylinder 801 moves upward. Since the end of the clamping arm 802 away from the expansion platform 501 is hinged to the upper end of the piston rod 801 of the clamping cylinder 801, when the piston rod 801 of the clamping cylinder 801 moves upward, the end of the clamping arm 802 adjacent to the center of the expansion platform 501 swings downward, thereby realizing the downward pressure of the clamping head 805. When the lower end face of the clamping head 805 contacts the upper surface of the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7, as the clamping head 805 continues to press downward, the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 can be pressed tightly against the positioning step 502, thereby further ensuring the stability of the differential housing 7 after being tightened.

[0034] When the differential case 7 is expanded and compressed at the same time, the differential case 7 can be processed. When the upper hole of the differential case 7 needs to be processed, the tool can process the upper part of the differential case 7 exposed to the outside from top to bottom; when the side hole of the differential case 7 needs to be processed, the left turntable 2 and the right turntable 3 can be started to make the rotating plate 4 drive the expansion table 501 to rotate forward or backward 90 degrees. At this time, the original side of the differential case 7 faces upward, and the tool can also process the side of the differential case 7 exposed to the outside from top to bottom; when the lower hole of the differential case 7 needs to be processed , the left turntable 2 and the right turntable 3 can be started to rotate 180 degrees, so that the upper surface of the rotating plate 4 that was originally facing upward faces downward, at this time, the expansion table 501 is opposite to the upper surface of the seat plate 1, and the lower shaft joint 702 of the differential housing 7 faces upward. At this time, the tool can directly process the lower part of the differential housing 7 through the perforation 6; when the four surfaces of the differential housing 7 are all processed, the rotating plate 4 can be rotated and reset with the differential housing 7, and as the expansion table 501 and the pressing head 805 release the differential housing 7, the processed differential housing 7 can be disassembled and another differential housing 7 can be processed.

[0035] In summary, it can be known that the present invention can expand the differential housing 7 through the expansion device. After the differential housing 7 is expanded, the differential housing 7 can be compressed by the compression device. The two-step tightening can ensure the stability of the differential housing 7 during processing to the greatest extent, avoid the position deviation of the differential housing 7 during processing, and after the differential housing 7 is fixed in the expansion table 501, the processing of the four surfaces can be completed directly. The entire processing process does not require secondary fixing of the differential housing 7, effectively avoiding the situation where the position of the differential housing 7 is deviated due to the secondary fixing, thereby causing the processing accuracy to be unable to be guaranteed. At the same time, the secondary fixing is eliminated. The trouble can be avoided and a lot of time can be saved, the overall processing efficiency of the differential case 7 can be effectively improved, and the effect of efficient processing can be achieved. When the lower hole of the differential case 7 needs to be processed, it is only necessary to rotate the plate 4 to drive the differential case 7 to rotate 180 degrees, and the tool can process it through perforation. The perforation 6 is arranged on the rotating plate 4. The thickness of the rotating plate 4 itself is extremely limited, and its height relative to the traditional fixture is almost negligible. Therefore, there is no need to increase the length of the tool to complete the processing of the lower hole of the differential case 7, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where the processing accuracy cannot be guaranteed due to the increase in the length of the tool, and the processing accuracy of the differential case 7 is guaranteed to the greatest extent.

[0036] A plurality of pads 508 evenly distributed in a circle are provided in the inner hole of the expansion platform 501, and a positioning step 502 is provided on the upper surface of the pad 508. The pad 508 is fixed to the rotating plate 4 by a plurality of fixing screws 509. This fixing method facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the pad 508, and the presence of the pad 508 facilitates the replacement of the positioning step 502. Since the positioning step 502 is in direct contact with the lower surface of the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 for a long time, it is very easy to wear. Once the positioning step 502 is worn, the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 will tilt. At this time, the positioning step 502 can be restored to its original state by replacing the pad 508.

[0037] A supporting sleeve 11 matching the perforation 6 is provided in the perforation 6, a positioning portion 12 is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the supporting sleeve 11, and a positioning groove 13 matching the positioning portion 12 is provided on the lower surface of the rotating plate 4. The lower shaft joint 702 is inserted into the supporting sleeve 11 through the pipe opening at the upper end of the supporting sleeve 11. The presence of the positioning portion 12 can play a positioning effect when the supporting sleeve 11 is embedded in the perforation 6, so that the supporting sleeve 11 and the perforation 6 remain in a coaxial state, and the presence of the supporting sleeve 11 can ensure the strength of the position where the perforation 6 is provided on the rotating plate 4, thereby avoiding the situation where the strength of the rotating plate 4 is weakened after the perforation 6 is provided, thereby causing it to be easily deformed under pressure.

[0038] The positioning portion 12 is fixed to the rotating plate 4 by a plurality of fastening screws 14 . This fixing method facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the positioning portion 12 , thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the supporting sleeve 11 .

[0039] When the clamp is used to clamp the differential housing 7 for processing, multiple signal sources can be set according to actual needs, and different states can be effectively detected through different signal sources. For example, it can be determined whether the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 is tightened into place by the tightening device. If it is not tightened into place, the clamping device will not be started; it can also be detected whether the differential housing 7 has been inserted. If not, the machine can be directly clamped; and the detection of whether the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 is tightened into place by the tightening device can be carried out by air detection, which is judged by blowing air into the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the annular protrusion 703 of the differential housing 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the tightening table 501. If gas passes through the gap, it is not tightened into place.

Claims

1. A four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture, comprising a base plate, a left turntable arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the base plate, and a right turntable arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the base plate, wherein the left turntable and the right turntable are connected by a rotating plate, characterized in that: The upper surface of the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of expansion devices evenly distributed from left to right; the outer ring of the upper surface of the rotating plate is provided with a plurality of clamping devices evenly distributed in a circumference; the expansion device comprises an expansion platform provided on the upper surface of the rotating plate, and the expansion platform is annular; a positioning step is provided inside the expansion platform; a through hole which is intersecting with the inner hole of the expansion platform is provided on the lower surface of the rotating plate; a differential housing matching with it is placed on the positioning step, and the tool can process the differential housing through the through hole; when the inner circumference of the expansion platform expands the differential housing, the clamping device can press down the differential housing so that the differential housing is pressed on the positioning step.

2. The four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion device includes an expansion chamber arranged in the expansion platform, the expansion chamber is annular, and the position of the expansion chamber corresponds to the position of the locking step; a plurality of oil channels communicating with the expansion chamber are arranged on the lower surface of the expansion platform; the oil channels and the expansion chamber are both filled with hydraulic oil.

3. The four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of pads evenly distributed in a circumference are arranged in the inner hole of the expansion platform, and a positioning step is arranged on the upper surface of the pad; the pad is fixed to the rotating plate by a plurality of fixing screws.

4. The four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping device includes a clamping cylinder arranged on a rotating plate; a clamping arm is hinged on the upper end of the piston rod of the clamping cylinder; an articulated seat is provided on the upper surface of the clamping cylinder; the middle part of the clamping arm is hinged to the upper end of the articulated seat through a hinge shaft; a clamping head is provided on the lower surface of one end of the clamping arm adjacent to the center of the expansion platform.

5. The four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper shaft joint is provided at the upper end of the differential housing; a lower shaft joint is provided at the lower end of the differential housing; and an annular protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the differential housing.

6. The four-axis high-efficiency machining fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: A supporting sleeve matching it is provided in the through hole; a positioning portion is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the supporting sleeve; a positioning groove matching the positioning portion is provided on the lower surface of the rotating plate; the positioning portion and the rotating plate are fixed to each other by a plurality of fastening screws; the lower shaft joint is inserted into the supporting sleeve through the pipe opening at the upper end of the supporting sleeve.

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