Integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device and directional ethanol fermentation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses an integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device and a directional ethanol fermentation method.The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device comprises a water tank, a first reaction chamber is arranged in the water tank, a permeable membrane is arranged on the wall face of the first reaction chamber, and an anode carbon brush attached with a biological membrane is arranged in the first reaction chamber; an anode carbon cloth electrode and a net-shaped cathode are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the first reaction chamber in the water tank, a saccharomycetes biological membrane is attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode, and the water tank is further provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; when the load is connected with the anode carbon brush and the net-shaped cathode, the anode carbon brush, the permeable membrane, the net-shaped cathode and the load jointly form a double-chamber microbial fuel cell structure; and when the load is connected with the anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode, the anode carbon cloth electrode, the mesh cathode and the load jointly form a single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure. The problem that organic resources are difficult to directionally recover can be solved, and directional ethanol fermentation of complex organic matters and recovery of electric energy are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to an integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device and a directional ethanol fermentation method. Background Art

[0002] At present, organic matter in sewage and wastewater is basically removed from sewage in the form of CO2 after being utilized by microorganisms, but this process produces huge carbon emissions. CO2, as a greenhouse gas, is extremely harmful to the environment and does not meet the current carbon emission requirements. In addition, the conversion of organic matter into CO2 requires a large amount of oxygen supply, which is difficult to achieve under natural conditions and usually requires the participation of mechanical equipment, resulting in high treatment costs and waste of resources.

[0003] The resource utilization of organic matter is still dominated by methane fermentation. Under normal circumstances, methane fermentation requires a higher COD load, so the utilization efficiency of organic matter is greatly reduced, and more waste residues are generated. Methane gas is a flammable and explosive gas, which has high requirements for its storage and transportation, and the corresponding cost will also be greatly increased. Therefore, it is urgent to seek a new type of recycling product.

[0004] Ethanol is widely used in many fields, including industry, medicine, and video industry. Ethanol is easier to store and transport, and has lower costs. Currently, most ethanol production is industrial synthesis, which results in higher production costs. In recent years, research on bioethanol has also been booming, but the scope of application is indeed relatively narrow. Therefore, how to create a bioethanol fermentation technology with a wide range of applications is still a difficult problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the current situation of high carbon emissions from wastewater treatment, the present invention proposes an integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device and a directional ethanol fermentation method. The present invention utilizes activated sludge and yeast to convert complex organic matter into ethanol, generates electrons and transfers them from the anode to the cathode through electrodes to generate electrical energy; the electrons enter the cathode and are utilized by hydrogen ions to generate hydrogen, thereby achieving directional ethanol fermentation of complex organic matter.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device comprises a water tank, a first reaction chamber is arranged in the water tank, a permeable membrane is arranged on the wall of the first reaction chamber, an anode carbon brush is arranged in the first reaction chamber, a biofilm is attached to the anode carbon brush, an anode carbon cloth electrode is arranged on the periphery of the first reaction chamber in the water tank, a yeast biofilm is attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode, a mesh cathode is arranged on the periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode in the water tank, and the water tank is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device also includes a load. When the two poles of the load are respectively connected to the anode carbon brush and the mesh cathode, the anode carbon brush, the permeable membrane, the mesh cathode and the load together constitute a double-chamber microbial fuel cell structure; when the two poles of the load are respectively connected to the anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode, the anode carbon cloth electrode, the mesh cathode and the load together constitute a single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure.

[0007] Preferably, the first reaction chamber has a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and / or the side wall of the first reaction chamber are provided with through holes, and the permeable membrane is arranged at the through holes.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom wall and / or side wall of the first reaction chamber adopts a mesh frame, and the permeable membrane is arranged on the mesh frame.

[0009] Preferably, the overall shape of the anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode are both ring-shaped, the anode carbon cloth electrode is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first reaction chamber, and the mesh cathode is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode.

[0010] Preferably, an electrode bracket is fixedly provided on the top of the water tank, and the anode carbon brush, the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode are all connected to the electrode bracket.

[0011] Preferably, a pH meter is also provided in the water tank.

[0012] Preferably, a stirring device is provided in the water tank below the anode carbon brush, the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode.

[0013] Preferably, the permeable membrane is a nitrocellulose semipermeable membrane.

[0014] The present invention also provides a directional ethanol fermentation method based on the above-mentioned integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device, comprising: The dual-chamber microbial fuel cell structure adopts batch operation when working, and wastewater containing organic matter is sent to the first reaction chamber, which serves as the anode reaction zone, so that the liquid level of the wastewater is not lower than the anode carbon brush, and inhibitors are added to the anode reaction zone; The single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure adopts batch operation when working, and the acidic electrolyte solution enters the water tank from the water inlet. The part of the water tank outside the first reaction chamber is used as the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone. The liquid level of the acidic electrolyte solution is not lower than the anode carbon cloth electrode and the copper mesh electrode. The acidic solution is added to the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone to control the pH at 4.5-5.5; The anode carbon brush and the mesh cathode are electrically connected to the load respectively. During the operation of the dual-chamber microbial fuel cell structure, in the anode reaction zone, the organic matter loses electrons and is converted into monosaccharides and pyruvic acid under the combined action of the biofilm and the inhibitor attached to the anode carbon brush, thereby realizing the conversion of the organic matter. The generated monosaccharides and pyruvic acid enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone through the permeable membrane, and the treated wastewater is discharged from the anode reaction zone. The anode carbon cloth electrode and the copper mesh cathode are electrically connected to the load respectively. Then, in the operation process of the single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure, in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone, the monosaccharide and pyruvic acid permeated from the anode reaction zone are converted into ethanol under the action of yeast, and the generated electrons reach the mesh cathode through the external loop, and the product ethanol after the reaction is discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone; On the mesh cathode, the mesh cathode obtains electrons generated in the process of converting organic matter into ethanol, and the hydrogen ions in the solution use these electrons to convert into hydrogen. During the process of directed ethanol fermentation of organic matter, the ions can also pass through the permeable membrane to maintain the charge balance between the single-chamber fuel cell reaction area and the anode reaction area.

[0015] Preferably, the biofilm attached to the anode carbon brush is activated sludge, which is domesticated with organic matter and then formed by starvation, and the dry weight concentration of microorganisms is 6.0-10.0 mg / mL; The biofilm attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode is yeast, which is obtained from pure culture and added in the form of bacterial suspension. The biofilm is formed autonomously. The addition amount is 1mL / L bacterial suspension, and the dry weight bacterial concentration is 3.9-4.0mg / mL. The pH in the reaction zone of the single-chamber fuel cell was regulated by 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution and 0.1 mol / L HCl solution; The osmotic pressure balance of the cells was maintained by adding 0.15 mol / L NaCl and 2.7 mmol / L KCl to the cathode liquid in the reaction zone of the single-chamber fuel cell; The organic matter includes polysaccharides, lipids and proteins, and the organic matter includes kitchen wastewater and food industry wastewater; The power-consuming matrix in the anode reaction zone includes an acidic solution, and the acidic solution includes acid washing wastewater.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device of the present invention is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet on the water tank in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone. When in use, wastewater containing organic matter is sent to the anode reaction zone, so that the liquid level of the wastewater is higher than the anode carbon brush, and an inhibitor is added to the anode reaction zone. The electrolyte solution enters the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone from the water inlet, so that the liquid level of the acidic electrolyte solution is higher than the anode carbon cloth electrode and the copper mesh electrode, and the acidic solution is added to the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone at the same time, and the pH is controlled at 4.5-5.5. The anode carbon brush and the mesh cathode are respectively electrically connected to the load. In the operation process of the double-chamber microbial fuel cell, in the anode reaction zone, the organic matter loses electrons and is converted into monosaccharides and pyruvic acid under the joint action of activated sludge and the inhibitor, thereby realizing the conversion of complex organic matter. The generated monosaccharides and pyruvic acid enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone through the permeable membrane, and the treated water is discharged from the anode reaction zone. The anode carbon cloth electrode and the mesh cathode are electrically connected to the load respectively. Then, in the single-chamber microbial fuel cell operation process, in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone, the monosaccharide and pyruvic acid coming from the anode reaction zone are converted into ethanol under the action of yeast, and the generated electrons reach the mesh cathode through the external loop. The product ethanol after the reaction is discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone through the water outlet. On the mesh cathode, the cathode electrode obtains the electrons generated in the process of converting complex organic matter into ethanol, and the hydrogen ions in the solution are converted into hydrogen using the electrons. In the process of directional ethanol fermentation of complex organic matter, ions can also pass through the permeable membrane to maintain the charge balance between the polar chambers (i.e., the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone and the anode reaction zone); through the above, the directional ethanol fermentation device of the present invention can use complex organic matter to generate electricity, and can realize the conversion of complex organic matter into ethanol. The directional ethanol fermentation device of the present invention can convert complex organic matter into ethanol and generate electricity, reducing carbon emissions.

[0017] Through the effects of the above-mentioned directional ethanol fermentation device of the present invention, it can be known that the directional ethanol fermentation method of the present invention can realize the conversion of complex organic matter into ethanol, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and realize resource recycling; during the removal process, it can also generate electricity, and the generated electrical energy can be reused, so it has the characteristics of economy and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A longitudinal section of In the figure: 1-load, 2-pH meter, 3-anode carbon brush, 4-electrode holder, 5-permeable membrane, 6-anode reaction zone, 7-anode carbon cloth electrode, 8-mesh cathode, 9-water tank, 10-single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone, 11-water outlet, 12-water inlet, 13-stirring device, 14-water outlet pump, 15-dosing pump, 16-water inlet pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified or conflicting, the preferred embodiments can be combined arbitrarily.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device of this embodiment includes an anode reaction area 6 and a single-chamber fuel cell reaction area 10, and the anode reaction area 6 and the single-chamber fuel cell reaction area 10 are filled with a power-generating matrix and a power-consuming matrix respectively. The power-generating matrix includes industrial wastewater containing complex organic matter (such as at least one of polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins), such as kitchen wastewater and food industry wastewater; the power-consuming matrix is ​​an acidic solution, including acid washing wastewater; for details, see Figure 1-Figure 3The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device comprises a water tank 9, in which a first reaction chamber is arranged, the inner area of ​​the first reaction chamber is an anode reaction zone 6, the first reaction chamber is cylindrical in shape, the bottom wall and the side wall of the first reaction chamber adopt a mesh frame, the bottom wall and the side wall of the first reaction chamber are wrapped with a layer of permeable membrane 5, the permeable membrane 5 is used for the material exchange between the anode reaction zone 6 and the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10, the area surrounded by the permeable membrane 5 is the anode reaction zone 6, the outer area of ​​the permeable membrane 5 in the water tank 9 is the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10, an anode carbon brush 3 is arranged at the axis of the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon brush 3 is attached with a biofilm, an anode carbon cloth electrode 7 is arranged at the periphery of the first reaction chamber in the water tank 9, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 is attached with a yeast biofilm, a mesh cathode 8 is arranged at the periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 in the water tank 9, and the overall shape of the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the mesh cathode 8 are both annular , the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 is sleeved on the periphery of the first reaction chamber, the mesh cathode 8 is sleeved on the periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode 7, the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the mesh cathode 8 are arranged at equal intervals, and a water inlet 12 and a water outlet 11 are also provided at the bottom of the water tank 9, the water inlet 12 is responsible for the acid solution to enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10, and the water outlet 11 is responsible for the reaction product to be discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10; a sealing cover is provided on the top of the water tank 9, and an electrode holder 4 is fixedly provided on the sealing cover, and the electrode holder 4 is in a cross shape, the anode carbon brush 3, the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the mesh cathode 8 are all connected to the electrode holder 4, and a pH meter 2 is installed on the sealing cover; a dosing pump 15 is also installed on the water tank 9 in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10; a stirring device 13 is provided in the water tank 9 below the anode carbon brush 3, the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the mesh cathode 8. The first reaction chamber is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The water inlet of the first reaction chamber is connected to the water inlet pump 16, and the water outlet of the first reaction chamber is connected to the water outlet pump 14. The water inlet pump 16 is responsible for bringing sewage into the anode reaction zone 6, and the water outlet pump 14 is responsible for discharging the water after the reaction in the anode reaction zone 6. The anode carbon brush 3, the permeable membrane 5, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7, and the copper mesh cathode depth account for 2 / 3 of the height of the water tank. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device also includes a load 1. When the two poles of the load 1 are respectively connected to the anode carbon brush 3 and the mesh cathode 8, the anode carbon brush 3, the permeable membrane 5, the mesh cathode 8 and the load 1 together constitute a double-chamber microbial fuel cell structure; when the two poles of the load 1 are respectively connected to the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the mesh cathode 8, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7, the mesh cathode 8 and the load 1 together constitute a single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure. Two groups of microbial fuel cells share a cathode to constitute the integrated microbial fuel cell device of this embodiment.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The shape of the anode carbon brush 3 of the present invention is a test tube brush structure. The electrode is immersed in the substrate liquid surface and fixed on the motor bracket 4. The biofilm on the electrode is activated sludge. Specifically, the activated sludge is domesticated by complex organic matter and starved for biofilm, with a microbial concentration of 6.0-10.0 mg / mL (dry weight); the upper part of the first reaction chamber is open, and the first reaction chamber and the permeable membrane 5 are at least 20 mm higher than the substrate liquid surface; the mesh electrode 8 uses a copper mesh electrode, and the shape of the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh electrode is a cylindrical structure, and is opened up and down. The upper ends of the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh electrode are immersed below the substrate liquid surface and fixed on the motor bracket 4. The biofilm on the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 is yeast, which is obtained from pure culture and added in the form of bacterial suspension. The biofilm is self-biofilmed, and the addition amount is 1 mL / L bacterial suspension, and the bacterial concentration is 3.9-4.0 mg / mL (dry weight). The height-to-diameter ratio of the device structure of the embodiment of the present invention is 1.5:1, and the internal electrode and the permeable membrane are reduced in the same proportion.

[0022] In the above solution of the present invention, the permeable membrane 5 is a nitrocellulose semipermeable membrane, and glucose and pyruvic acid can enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction area 10 through the permeable membrane 5 .

[0023] The complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation method of this embodiment is carried out by the above-mentioned integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device, and the process is as follows: Step 1, the dual-chamber microbial fuel cell process adopts batch operation, and the wastewater containing complex organic matter enters the anode reaction zone 6 through the water inlet pump 16, so that the liquid level of the wastewater containing complex organic matter is higher than the anode carbon brush 3 and does not exceed the top of the permeable membrane 5, and at the same time, an inhibitor is added to the anode reaction zone 6.

[0024] The single-chamber microbial fuel cell process adopts batch operation, and the electrolyte solution is pumped into the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 from the water inlet 12, so that the liquid level of the acidic electrolyte solution is higher than the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh electrode 8 and the liquid level is level with the liquid level of the anode reaction zone 6, and also does not exceed the top of the permeable membrane and the skeleton 5. At the same time, an acidic solution is added to the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 to control the pH at 4.5-5.5.

[0025] Step 2, electrically connect the anode carbon brush 3 and the copper mesh cathode to the load 1 respectively. During the operation of the dual-chamber microbial fuel cell, in the anode reaction zone 6, the complex organic matter loses electrons and is converted into monosaccharides and pyruvic acid under the combined action of the activated sludge and the inhibitor, thereby realizing the conversion of the complex organic matter. The generated monosaccharides and pyruvic acid enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 through the permeable membrane 5, and the treated water is discharged from the anode reaction zone 6 by the outlet pump 14.

[0026] The anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh cathode are electrically connected to the load 1 respectively. During the operation of the single-chamber microbial fuel cell, in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10, monosaccharides and pyruvic acid coming from the anode reaction zone 6 are converted into ethanol under the action of yeast, and the generated electrons reach the copper mesh cathode through the external loop, and the product ethanol after the reaction is discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 through the water outlet 11.

[0027] On the copper mesh cathode, the cathode electrode obtains electrons generated by the process of converting complex organic matter into ethanol, and the hydrogen ions in the solution use these electrons to convert into hydrogen. During the process of directed ethanol fermentation of complex organic matter, ions can also pass through the permeable membrane to maintain the charge balance between the polar chambers.

[0028] Example like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the anode carbon brush 3 and the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 are connected to the load 1 with a wire, and then the load R1 is connected to the copper mesh cathode 8 with a wire.

[0029] The size and proportion of each component of the integrated fuel cell device of this embodiment can be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the height-to-diameter ratio of the device (i.e., the height-to-diameter ratio of the water tank 9) is 1.5:1, the height-to-diameter ratio of the internal anode carbon cloth electrode 7, the permeable membrane 5, and the copper mesh cathode is also 1.5:1, the length of the anode carbon brush 3 is at least 30 mm shorter than the height of the permeable membrane 5, the anode carbon brush 3 and the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh electrode are all immersed in the matrix liquid surface, the permeable membrane 5 is at least 20 mm above the matrix liquid surface, and the anode carbon brush 3, the anode carbon cloth electrode 7, the permeable membrane 5 and the copper mesh electrode 8 are all fixed on the electrode bracket 4. A stirring device 13 is provided at the bottom of the device. The water inlet 12 and the water outlet 11 are set at 20 mm from the bottom of the device, and the pipeline port connected to the water inlet pump 16 and the water outlet pump 14 is 10 mm from the bottom of the permeable membrane. The biofilm attached to the anode carbon brush 3 is activated sludge, and the biofilm attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 is yeast. After testing, the above dimensions and proportions can better achieve the experimental purpose of the present invention.

[0030] In this embodiment, the integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device is made of organic glass, and its working process is as follows: The double-chamber microbial fuel cell process adopts a continuous batch operation, and the wastewater containing complex organic matter enters the anode reaction zone 6 through the water inlet pump 16, so that the liquid level of the wastewater containing complex organic matter is higher than the anode carbon brush 3, and does not exceed the top of the permeable membrane and the skeleton 5, and at the same time, an inhibitor is added to the anode reaction zone 6. The single-chamber microbial fuel cell process adopts a continuous batch operation, and the electrolyte solution enters the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 from the water inlet 12 through a pump, so that the liquid level of the acidic electrolyte solution is higher than the anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh electrode and the liquid level is level with the liquid level of the anode reaction zone 6, and also does not exceed the top of the permeable membrane and the skeleton 5, and at the same time, an acidic solution is added to the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 to control the pH at 4.5-5.5. The anode carbon brush 3 and the copper mesh cathode 8 are electrically connected to the load 1 respectively. In the process of the dual-chamber microbial fuel cell, in the anode reaction zone 6, the complex organic matter loses electrons and is converted into monosaccharides and pyruvic acid under the combined action of the activated sludge and the inhibitor, thereby realizing the conversion of the complex organic matter. The generated monosaccharides and pyruvic acid enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 through the permeable membrane 5, and the treated water is discharged from the anode reaction zone 6 by the outlet pump 14. The anode carbon cloth electrode 7 and the copper mesh cathode are electrically connected to the load 1 respectively. In the process of the single-chamber microbial fuel cell, in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10, the monosaccharides and pyruvic acid coming from the anode reaction zone 6 are converted into ethanol under the action of yeast, and the generated electrons reach the copper mesh cathode through the external loop, and the product ethanol after the reaction is discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 through the outlet 11. On the copper mesh cathode, the cathode electrode obtains the electrons generated in the process of converting the complex organic matter into ethanol, and the hydrogen ions in the solution are converted into hydrogen using the electrons. In the process of directional ethanol fermentation of complex organic matter, ions can also pass through the permeable membrane to maintain the charge balance between the polar chambers.

[0031] In this embodiment, the entire device has an operating cycle of 3 days, and the lost yeast is replenished at the beginning of each cycle, with 0.5 mL / L bacterial suspension and a bacterial concentration of 3.9-4.0 mg / mL (dry weight). The pH regulating liquids in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone 10 are 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution and 0.1 mol / L HCl solution, respectively, and a stirring device 13 is provided at the bottom of the device. 0.9% NaCl + 0.02% KCl is added to the cathode liquid to maintain the osmotic pressure balance of the cells.

[0032] In summary, the present invention can solve the problem of the difficulty in targeted recycling of organic resources, realize the targeted ethanol fermentation of complex organic matter and the recovery of electric energy, and has multiple advantages such as economy, environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0033] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water tank (9), wherein a first reaction chamber is provided in the water tank (9), a permeable membrane (5) is provided on the wall surface of the first reaction chamber, an anode carbon brush (3) is provided in the first reaction chamber, a biofilm is attached to the anode carbon brush (3), an anode carbon cloth electrode (7) is provided on the periphery of the first reaction chamber in the water tank (9), a yeast biofilm is attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode (7), a mesh cathode (8) is provided on the periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) in the water tank (9), and the water tank (9) is also provided with a water inlet (12) and a water outlet (11); It also includes a load (1). When the two poles of the load (1) are respectively connected to the anode carbon brush (3) and the mesh cathode (8), the anode carbon brush (3), the permeable membrane (5), the mesh cathode (8) and the load (1) together form a double-chamber microbial fuel cell structure; when the two poles of the load (1) are respectively connected to the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the mesh cathode (8), the anode carbon cloth electrode (7), the mesh cathode (8) and the load (1) together form a single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure.

2. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reaction chamber has a bottom wall and a side wall. The bottom wall and / or the side wall of the first reaction chamber are provided with through holes, and the permeable membrane (5) is arranged at the through holes.

3. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom wall and / or side wall of the first reaction chamber adopts a mesh frame, and the permeable membrane (5) is arranged on the mesh frame.

4. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall shapes of the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the mesh cathode (8) are both ring-shaped; the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first reaction chamber, and the mesh cathode (8) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the anode carbon cloth electrode (7).

5. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrode support (4) is fixedly provided on the top of the water tank (9), and the anode carbon brush (3), the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the mesh cathode (8) are all connected to the electrode support (4).

6. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pH meter (2) is also provided in the water tank (9).

7. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring device is provided in the water tank (9) below the anode carbon brush (3), the first reaction chamber, the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the mesh cathode (8).

8. The integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permeable membrane (5) is a nitrocellulose semipermeable membrane.

9. A method for directional ethanol fermentation based on the integrated complex organic matter directional ethanol fermentation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The dual-chamber microbial fuel cell structure adopts batch operation when working, and wastewater containing organic matter is sent to the first reaction chamber, and the first reaction chamber serves as the anode reaction zone (6). The liquid level of the wastewater is not lower than the anode carbon brush (3), and an inhibitor is added to the anode reaction zone (6); The single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure adopts batch operation when working, and the acidic electrolyte solution enters the water tank (9) from the water inlet (12). The part of the water tank (9) outside the first reaction chamber serves as the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10). The liquid level of the acidic electrolyte solution is not lower than the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the copper mesh electrode (8). The acidic solution is added to the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10) to control the pH value to be 4.5-5.

5. The anode carbon brush (3) and the mesh cathode (8) are electrically connected to the load (1) respectively. Then, during the operation of the dual-chamber microbial fuel cell structure, in the anode reaction zone (6), the organic matter loses electrons and is converted into monosaccharides and pyruvic acid under the combined action of the biofilm and the inhibitor attached to the anode carbon brush (3), thereby achieving the conversion of the organic matter. The generated monosaccharides and pyruvic acid enter the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10) through the permeable membrane (5), and the treated wastewater is discharged from the anode reaction zone (6); The anode carbon cloth electrode (7) and the copper mesh cathode (8) are electrically connected to the load (1) respectively. Then, during the operation of the single-chamber microbial fuel cell structure, in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10), monosaccharides and pyruvic acid that permeate from the anode reaction zone (6) are converted into ethanol under the action of yeast, and the generated electrons reach the mesh cathode (8) through an external loop, and the product ethanol after the reaction is discharged from the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10); On the mesh cathode (8), the mesh cathode (8) obtains electrons generated in the process of converting organic matter into ethanol, and hydrogen ions in the solution are converted into hydrogen gas using the electrons. During the process of directed ethanol fermentation of organic matter, the ions can also pass through the permeable membrane to maintain the charge balance between the single-chamber fuel cell reaction area (10) and the anode reaction area (6).

10. The directed ethanol fermentation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The biofilm attached to the anode carbon brush (3) is activated sludge, which is domesticated with organic matter and then formed into biofilm by starvation, with a microbial dry weight concentration of 6.0-10.0 mg / mL; The biofilm attached to the anode carbon cloth electrode (7) is yeast, which is obtained from pure culture and added in the form of bacterial suspension to form biofilm autonomously. The added amount is 1 mL / L bacterial suspension, and the dry weight bacterial concentration is 3.9-4.0 mg / mL; The pH in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10) is regulated by a 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution and a 0.1 mol / L HCl solution; The cathode liquid in the single-chamber fuel cell reaction zone (10) is added with 0.15 mol / L NaCl and 2.7 mmol / L KCl to maintain the osmotic pressure balance of the cell; The organic matter includes polysaccharides, lipids and proteins, and the organic matter includes kitchen wastewater and food industry wastewater; The power-consuming matrix in the anode reaction zone (6) includes an acidic solution, and the acidic solution includes pickling wastewater.

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