Visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method and system for bridge swivel construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method and system for bridge swivel construction, and the method achieves the intelligent visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of the bridge swivel construction through BIM + GIS-based point cloud splicing, and achieves the real-time, dynamic, visual and three-dimensional reflection of the changes of all key control values of a continuous beam in the swivel process. The influence factors of manual measurement errors in the rotation process are reduced, and accurate control over the structure in the rotation process is achieved. The method is suitable for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of continuous beam bridge swivel construction, and can also be used for remote real-time dynamic monitoring of building and structure construction, real-time dynamic feedback of visual information of construction image progress establishment, dynamic monitoring of raw material use conditions and the like in the field of modern engineering construction. The method can also be used for AI + digital twinning technology development in the engineering construction field, and can be referred to by similar projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of continuous beam rotation construction monitoring, and in particular to a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method and system for bridge rotation construction. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern technology, the biggest impact on our daily life is the revolutionary changes brought about by informatization and networking. Internet+ can be called BIM+ in the construction industry. BIM+ is to complete different tasks by combining BIM with various technologies. The digitization of the entire life cycle and the entire manufacturing process of the product and the modular integration based on information and communication technology will form a production model of highly flexible, personalized, digital products and services. In this model, BIM is a core technology platform. Therefore, seeing the correlation between informatization and industrialization, BIM is an important technology and technology platform to promote the development of new industrialization and informatization in the construction industry. BIM technology and BIM+ technology are driving a subversive revolution in architecture.

[0003] The characteristics of continuous beam rotation construction are complex process, high construction quality standards, and lateral pre-eccentricity of the ball joint to balance the unbalanced bending moment outside the plane; the rotation construction has a short construction period and low construction safety risk; the rotation construction can better overcome the problems of high mountains and deep valleys, deep rapids or river spans that are frequently navigable. The measurement and monitoring of the continuous beam rotation construction before, during and after the rotation is a key and indispensable link. It often requires manual labor to spend a lot of time to repeatedly measure, and the data processing and calculation cannot be updated and synchronized in real time, which is prone to data calculation errors, and it is even more impossible to dynamically map the beam posture in real time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method and system for bridge rotation construction to solve the problems that the existing measurement and monitoring of continuous beam rotation construction requires a lot of manual time, cannot update and synchronize data processing and calculation in real time, is prone to data calculation errors, and cannot dynamically map the beam posture in real time.

[0005] According to the first aspect, an embodiment provides a method for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction, the method comprising: BIM model establishment: According to the design drawings and design intent, combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site, a 1:1 beam body BIM digital model is established; GIS information collection and GIS model establishment: Use drones + 3D laser scanners to collect data on construction site structures and surface data, and establish a GIS digital model; Combination of BIM+GIS models: Integrate the BIM digital model with the GIS digital model, and conduct pre-simulation of rotation construction; On-site instrument deployment: deploy 3D laser scanners at the construction site to perform uninterrupted 3D point cloud scanning of the beam during its rotation process; Data transmission: debug the transmission and receiving status of the equipment, ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the acquired 3D point cloud data in real time; Data processing: Use the graphics workstation to process the point cloud data acquired in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model to obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process. The real-time posture monitoring results of the beam are synchronously transmitted to the construction site so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

[0006] Furthermore, before the BIM model is established, the method further includes: Verification of design drawings: fully understand the design intent and design standards, be familiar with the design content, combine the actual site and the construction plan, check the horizontal and vertical positions, elevations, geometric dimensions, structural safety, and usage functions, communicate and inquire in a timely manner about unclear parts of the drawings, make adequate preparations, and provide accurate data support for the establishment of the BIM digital model.

[0007] Furthermore, the BIM model is established, including: After accurately checking the design drawings and understanding the design intent, the beam is built into a BIM digital model with three-dimensional coordinates using computer modeling software in combination with the construction plan.

[0008] Furthermore, before GIS information collection and GIS model establishment, the method further includes: On-site investigation: Conduct on-site inspection of buildings and surface data around the construction site, prepare aerial photography technical design, and develop a 3D laser scanning plan; verify whether the number and accuracy of measurement control points in the construction area meet the measurement requirements and visibility conditions, and bury or re-measure control points that are insufficient in number, unqualified in accuracy, and do not meet visibility conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, GIS information collection and GIS model establishment include: UAV aerial survey uses low-altitude UAVs as aerial platforms, with airborne remote sensing equipment: high-resolution CCD digital cameras, laser scanners as the main, GPS, IMU as the auxiliary, to obtain surrounding buildings and ground information, and use professional computer software to process image information to generate GIS true color point cloud information models including digital elevation model DEM, orthophoto map DOM, three-dimensional landscape model, three-dimensional surface model DSM, and digital line map DLG.

[0010] Furthermore, the BIM+GIS model is combined, including: The BIM digital model and the GIS digital model are integrated and adjusted using professional computer software to make them fully fit the actual situation on the construction site. Then, a pre-rotation drill of the beam is carried out on the graphics processing station to analyze the influencing factors and data transmission quality during the process, and determine the time required for real-time splicing and calculation of the point cloud.

[0011] Furthermore, the on-site instrument layout specifically includes: Before the beam rotates, a laser 3D scanner is placed on the left and right sides and directly below the beam to scan the 3D point cloud during the beam rotation process; a measuring robot is placed opposite the top of the beam to automatically measure the beam axis and the elevations of the top and ends of the beam, and provide accurate data for linear adjustment after the beam rotation and fine-tuning of the jack; multiple measurement targets are placed on both sides of the bottom area of ​​the beam for use in the target splicing method of the point cloud.

[0012] Furthermore, data processing specifically includes: Use professional computer software to dynamically splice and calculate the measured 3D point cloud data with the established digital model. The splicing methods include target and view splicing methods. The calculated results and the real-time posture of the beam are updated regularly on the display. The main parameter indicators include the real-time posture image of the beam, the change of the center line and elevation of the beam top, and the comparison of the rotation angle of the beam compared with the previous time and the initial value.

[0013] Furthermore, data processing specifically includes: When the rotating structure approaches the designed position, an alarm is triggered to prevent the structure from over-rotating; After the rotation mode of the rotating structure is changed from automatic to manual, the calculation result data is processed by the time-based graphics workstation, and manual jog operation is performed. Each point is operated once, and the computer automatically calculates the current status data of the axis movement once, and the cycle is repeated until the structural axis is accurately in place.

[0014] According to the second aspect, an embodiment provides a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring system for bridge rotation construction, the system comprising: The BIM model building module is used to build a 1:1 beam BIM digital model based on the design drawings and design intent combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site; GIS information collection and model building module, which uses drones + 3D laser scanners to collect data on construction site structures and surface data, and build GIS digital models; BIM+GIS model combination module, used to integrate BIM digital model with GIS digital model and conduct pre-simulation of rotation construction; On-site instrument deployment module, used to deploy 3D laser scanners at the construction site to perform uninterrupted 3D point cloud scanning of the beam during its rotation process; The data transmission module is used to debug the transmission and receiving status of the equipment, ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the acquired 3D point cloud data in real time; The data processing module is used to use the graphics workstation to process the point cloud data obtained in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model, obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process, and synchronously transmit the real-time posture monitoring results of the beam to the construction site, so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

[0015] This application provides a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method and system for bridge rotation construction, which is applicable to the visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of continuous beam bridge rotation construction. It is not limited to the above scope, and can also be used in the field of modern engineering construction, remote real-time dynamic monitoring of building construction, establishment of real-time dynamic feedback of construction progress visualization information and dynamic monitoring of raw material usage, etc. It can also be used in the development of AI+digital twin technology in the field of engineering construction, and similar projects can refer to it. The specific beneficial effects are as follows: (1) The present invention mainly utilizes BIM+GIS-based point cloud splicing to realize intelligent visualization of remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction, realizes real-time, dynamic, intuitive and three-dimensional expression of the changes of key control values ​​of continuous beams during rotation, reduces the influence of human measurement errors during rotation, and realizes precise control of the structure during rotation.

[0016] (2) The method of the present invention mainly utilizes the "BIM+" GIS real-scene three-dimensional scanning point cloud splicing technology, adopts uninterrupted real-time dynamic observation, and has no human intervention throughout the process. It can dynamically reflect the posture deformation of the bridge structure during the rotation process in real time. It has simple process, fast construction, high precision, and can effectively control key technologies such as structural super rotation. In addition, no manual observation, recording, and calculation are required throughout the process, and the errors caused by human factors can be completely avoided, which can greatly improve the sampling accuracy of the data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction provided by one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 An overall roadmap of a method for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of establishing a BIM model in a method for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the deployment of a three-dimensional laser scanner in a method for visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the logical structure of a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring system for bridge rotation construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein similar elements in different embodiments adopt associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are for making the present application better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, this is to avoid the core part of the present application being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0019] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a required sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0020] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction. It is mainly aimed at realizing intelligent visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring of bridge rotation construction in continuous beam rotation bridges by using BIM+GIS-based point cloud splicing. It can perform tracking and measurement remotely or on-site in real time, and dynamically map the posture and key control value changes of the continuous beam during the rotation process. According to the changes in the GIS-based point cloud splicing data, it performs real-time dynamic data update calculations, and transmits the bridge rotation situation at the construction site in real time. It can intuitively and three-dimensionally reflect the bridge rotation posture and run through the entire rotation construction process. By using the BIM+GIS point cloud splicing technology, the changes in key control values ​​such as the elevation and plane of the rotation beam are realized. When the set value is exceeded, the alarm mechanism is triggered, which can effectively prevent the structure from over-rotating. The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 Provide detailed explanation.

[0021] Main process principle: According to the design drawings, construction plan and working conditions of the construction site, a one-to-one digital model is established using BIM. After the construction of the continuous beam is completed and the template is removed, drones and 3D scanners are used to collect GIS information, and GIS true color point cloud information models such as digital elevation (DEM), 3D landscape, 3D surface (DSM), and digital line drawing (DLG) are established. At the same time, the combination of BIM+GIS can form an overall intuitive three-dimensional model. During the rotation construction process, the beam body is continuously scanned by the 3D point cloud scanning instrument arranged on site. The obtained 3D point cloud data is remotely and dynamically transmitted in real time. Professional computer software is used to directly perform dynamic splicing calculations with the established digital model. The main splicing methods used are target and view splicing methods. A large amount of 3D point cloud data is synchronously calculated for the real-time posture of the rotation beam, such as deformation displacement. In order to ensure the synchronization of data and calculation efficiency, the point cloud data calculation and processing uses the internal server of the surveying and mapping project department for combined splicing calculations. During the whole rotation process, the data of the horizontal arc distance rotated by the cantilever end and the center of the beam end can be dynamically reflected to see whether the center line on the temporary rack coincides. When the beam is close to the designed position, an early warning prompt will be given. After the beam rotation construction is completed, the beam top elevation, centerline position, and actual elevation of the cantilever end can be obtained in real time and dynamically. The construction site can adjust the beam during and after the beam rotation process based on the real-time dynamic data.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S100, a BIM model is established: a 1:1 beam body BIM digital model is established according to the design drawings and design intent, combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site.

[0023] First, check the design drawings to understand the design intent: Fully understand the design intent and design standards, be familiar with the design content, combine the actual site and construction plan, check its horizontal and vertical position, elevation, geometric dimensions, structural safety, and usage functions, communicate and inquire in a timely manner about unclear parts of the drawings, make adequate preparations, and provide accurate data support for the establishment of the BIM digital model.

[0024] BIM model establishment: The staff of the BIM Center of the Surveying and Quantity Calculation Project Department checked the design drawings accurately, understood the design intent, and combined with the construction plan, used Revit, Civil3D, 3DMax and other computer modeling software to establish a digital model of the beam with three-dimensional coordinates. Figure 3 shown.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, in step S200, GIS information is collected and GIS model is established: UAV + 3D laser scanner is used to collect data on construction site buildings and surface data, and a GIS digital model is established.

[0026] First conduct a site survey: Conduct on-site surveys of surface attachments, surrounding structures and surface topography, compile aerial photography technical design documents, and comprehensively design the selection of aerial photography time, division of photography areas, determination of basic parameters of photography areas, implementation planning of aerial photography operations, aerial photography image processing plans, quality inspections, and results collation. Formulate 3D laser scanning plans, determine equipment installation locations, and control key points such as point cloud processing methods, results collation, and quality inspections. Verify whether the number and accuracy of measurement control points in the construction area meet measurement requirements and visibility conditions, and re-bury or re-measure control points that are insufficient in number, unqualified in accuracy, and do not meet visibility conditions.

[0027] GIS information collection and processing and model building: UAV aerial survey uses low-altitude UAVs as aerial platforms, with airborne remote sensing equipment: high-resolution CCD digital cameras, laser scanners as the main, GPS, IMU (inertial navigation) as the auxiliary, to obtain the ground information of surrounding structures, and use professional computer software such as Pix4D and SMART3D to process the image information to generate digital elevation models (DEM), orthophotos (DOM), three-dimensional landscape models, three-dimensional surface models (DSM), digital line graphs (DLG) and other two-dimensional and three-dimensional visualization data.

[0028] The Leica RTC360 laser 3D scanner is used to perform point cloud laser scanning on the rotating T-beam of the continuous beam in all directions. Relying on its own TruRTC real scene acquisition, VIS visual tracking technology, and SmartReg intelligent stitching technology, the Leica RTC360 is used with the Leica Cyclone FIELD 360 field control software and the Cyclone REGISTER 360 intelligent stitching software set to achieve a complete set of intelligent, simple, efficient, and extremely fast 3D laser scanning. At the same time, the angle measurement accuracy is 18", the distance measurement accuracy is 1mm+10ppm, and the noise point is 0.4mm@10m. The point cloud results are of high quality and low noise, making the detailed scans clearer.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S300, the BIM+GIS model is combined: the BIM digital model is integrated with the GIS digital model, and a preliminary simulation of the rotation construction is performed.

[0030] BIM+GIS model integration and preview: The BIM digital model and the GIS model are integrated and adjusted using professional computer software to make them fully fit the actual situation at the construction site. Then, a pre-rotation drill of the continuous beam is carried out on the graphics processing station to analyze the influencing factors and data transmission quality in the process, and to determine the time required for real-time point cloud splicing and calculation. According to the pre-drill situation, the point cloud density during the rotation process is reasonably controlled at about 123 points per square meter, so that data transmission, graphics splicing and calculation can be carried out in real time and quickly. The calculation result response time interval is 1.6 seconds.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S400, on-site instrument deployment: deploying a three-dimensional laser scanner at the construction site to perform uninterrupted three-dimensional point cloud scanning of the beam during the beam rotation process.

[0032] Instrument layout: Before the continuous beam T-beam is rotated, a Leica RTC360 laser 3D scanner is placed on the left and right sides and directly below the beam to scan the 3D point cloud during the beam rotation process. Figure 4 As shown; a Leica MS60 measuring robot is arranged opposite to the top of the beam, which is used for the fully automatic measurement of the beam axis and the elevations of the beam top and ends, and provides accurate data for the linear adjustment after the beam rotates and the fine adjustment of the jack; 20 measuring targets are arranged on both sides of the bottom area of ​​the beam for use in the target splicing method of the point cloud.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S500, data transmission: debug the transmission and receiving status of the device to ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the obtained three-dimensional point cloud data in real time.

[0034] Inspection and debugging of instruments and equipment before rotation: Before construction, check whether there is line of sight between the equipment and the control point, whether the 5G network signal strength and network data transmission are normal, whether the external power supply of the measuring equipment has sufficient power, and whether the equipment access port connection is tight and not loose.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, in step S600, data processing: use a graphics workstation to process the point cloud data acquired in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model to obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process, and synchronously transmit the real-time posture monitoring results of the beam to the construction site, so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

[0036] Graphic workstation intervention and data processing: After all equipment has been debugged, the graphics workstation intervenes in advance to perform data processing and analysis, and all on-site measuring equipment starts to automatically operate and measure. When the continuous beam begins to rotate, the RTC360 laser 3D scanner transmits the measured 3D change data in real time and dynamically through the 5G external module. At the same time, the graphics workstation receives the data and performs calculations. The calculated results and the real-time posture of the beam are updated on the display every 1.6 seconds. The main parameter indicators are the real-time posture image of the beam, the changes in the center line and elevation of the beam top, the comparison of the beam rotation angle between the previous time and the initial value, and other parameter information. The communication personnel report the changes in data values ​​at any time.

[0037] According to construction needs, the content displayed on the graphics workstation screen can also be directly synchronized with the display on the construction site. When the rotating structure approaches the designed position, an alarm is triggered to prevent the structure from over-rotating. After the rotating structure is changed from automatic to manual, the graphics workstation processes the calculation results data based on the time. The manual 10 seconds, 5 seconds, 2 seconds, and 1 second jog operation is performed once for each point. The computer automatically calculates the current status of the axis once, and the cycle is repeated until the structural axis is accurately in place.

[0038] After the rotation is officially completed, the equipment is dismantled: When the rotating beam structure reaches the designed predetermined position and the line shape and elevation meet the accuracy requirements, the monitoring equipment and surveillance system are dismantled and loaded into the warehouse.

[0039] Quality Control: 1. Design drawing review intention control It is necessary to fully understand the design intent and design standards, be familiar with the design content, and check the horizontal and vertical positions, elevations, geometric dimensions, and usage functions of the beams in combination with the actual conditions of the construction site and the construction plan. Communicate and inquire in a timely manner about unclear areas in the drawings, make adequate preparations, and provide accurate data support for the establishment of the BIM digital model.

[0040] 2. Key points of model control 2.1 Model Depth Control At each stage of the life cycle of an engineering project, there are different requirements for the depth of the BIM model. The construction phase requires understanding the size, material, horizontal and vertical cross-sectional dimensions of each component. Every surface, line, and point of the beam must contain three-dimensional coordinate information.

[0041] 2.2 Model Quality Control The two major application points of BIM models during the construction phase are visualization and construction guidance. Both of these application points have very high requirements for model quality. Strict quality control of BIM models is required to bring out their advantages and truly guide construction.

[0042] 2.3 Model Accuracy Control The BIM model uses computer technology to achieve a visual display of continuous beams and rotating beams. It is necessary to improve the accuracy of the model to reflect the actual three-dimensional information of the beam and the actual size of each component, laying the foundation for the next step of rotation construction data analysis and linear control accuracy.

[0043] 2.3 Model integrity control The completeness of the model includes two parts, namely, model accuracy and model depth. Model accuracy is the physical expression of the model, and depth is the functional expression, that is, the information given by the model. Model accuracy is directly related to the complete display of different forms and different disciplines of buildings and structures. The model must contain the information required during the construction phase of the project, and the information carried by each component provides a strong basis for various applications in the later stage.

[0044] 3. Key points of on-site investigation control Investigate whether the number and accuracy of the measurement control points in the construction area meet the measurement requirements and visibility conditions. If the number of control points is insufficient or cannot meet the visibility conditions, additional burial and re-measurement shall be carried out. Control points with unqualified accuracy shall be re-measured according to the design specifications. The information on the surface attachments, surrounding structures and surface terrain conditions of the on-site field survey shall be recorded completely and comprehensively, and the aerial photography technical design shall be compiled to review the on-site construction conditions.

[0045] 4. Key points of BIM+GIS model integration and preview control The BIM digital model and GIS model are integrated and adjusted using professional computer software to ensure that the accuracy, depth, and quality of the model are fully consistent with the design drawings and the actual situation on the construction site.

[0046] 5. Key points for instrument layout control When deploying scanning equipment, good visibility should be maintained with the control points, the equipment should be erected firmly, the legs should be firmly stepped on, and no shaking is allowed. The scanning equipment should be evenly distributed to ensure that the beams before and after the rotation are always within the observable range, without blind spots or dead angles. The instrument height and rear-view height of the scanning equipment should be accurately measured and recorded.

[0047] 6. Key points for inspection and debugging of instruments and equipment Before construction, check and clear obstacles between the control point and the measuring equipment; check whether the 5G network signal strength and network data transmission are normal; check whether the beam top monitoring screen and network transmission are normal; check whether the external power supply of the measuring equipment is sufficient; check whether the external power supply and data transmission module are tightly connected to the equipment access port without looseness; check the working status of the graphics workstation and close any related background running software, check whether the data reception of the graphics workstation is normal, and check whether the graphics accelerator card is tight. The above contents need to be checked and debugged simultaneously to ensure the real-time and reliability of the data during the rotation of the beam.

[0048] 7. Key points for selecting and controlling graphics workstations Graphic workstations and servers should have reasonable workstation configuration plans based on the characteristics of industry software and computing applications to maximize BIM performance and avoid premature elimination and waste due to upgrades.

[0049] Application Examples The S43 highway project's cross-line rotating bridge is divided into four sections and two pairs, which rotate simultaneously in two times. The speed control during the rotation operation is difficult: in order to close smoothly and avoid collision, the rotation speed and rotation angle of the two bridge bodies are different. At the same time, the correction control and positioning control during the rotation process require high precision. In traditional construction, the rotation control is carried out manually with the help of total stations, GPS and other instruments, which is difficult and cannot analyze the rotation posture of the bridge body in real time.

[0050] This time, the BIM model is established and generated + unmanned laser radar scanning is used to obtain the synchronous rotation position information and posture with time as the reference. At the same time, the drone laser radar scanning monitoring and high-precision point cloud data are transmitted in real time. The BIM model and the drone geometric position data are compared in real time to ensure the accuracy and safety of the rotation process. In the continuous beam rotating bridge, BIM + GIS-based point cloud splicing is used to realize intelligent visualization of bridge rotation construction remote real-time dynamic monitoring. It can track and measure remotely or on-site in real time and dynamically, and instantly and dynamically map the posture and key control value changes of the continuous beam during the rotation process. According to the changes in the GIS-based point cloud splicing data, real-time dynamic data update calculations are performed, and the bridge rotation situation at the construction site is transmitted in real time and dynamically, which can intuitively and three-dimensionally reflect the bridge rotation posture and run through the entire process of rotation construction. In the use of BIM + GIS point cloud splicing technology, the changes in key control values ​​such as the elevation and plane of the rotating beam are realized. When the set value is exceeded, the alarm mechanism is triggered, which can effectively prevent the structure from over-rotating.

[0051] Benefit Analysis: This construction method was applied in the construction of Shenyang-Baihe Railway and S43 continuous beam rotation. The advantages and disadvantages of the remote real-time monitoring method of bridge rotation construction based on BIM+GIS-based point cloud splicing intelligent visualization and traditional measurement methods were compared and analyzed, mainly in the following aspects: 1. Save time Traditional measurement requires manual observation and calculation, which is time-consuming and cannot guarantee accuracy. This method does not require manual observation, recording, and calculation, which can greatly save time. 2 Intelligent visualization reflects the real-time posture changes during the rotation of the beam, with high precision and small error: "BIM+" GIS real-scene three-dimensional scanning point cloud splicing technology adopts uninterrupted real-time dynamic observation, without human intervention throughout the process, and can reflect the posture deformation of the bridge structure during the rotation process in real time. It has simple process, fast construction, high precision, and can effectively control key technologies such as structural super-rotation. No manual observation, recording, and calculation are required throughout the process, and the errors caused by human factors can be completely avoided, which can greatly improve the sampling accuracy of the data.

[0052] 3 Flexible application: During the whole rotation process, the data of the horizontal arc distance of the cantilever end and the center of the beam end can be dynamically reflected, and whether the center line on the temporary rack coincides. When the beam is close to the designed position, an early warning prompt will be issued. After the beam rotation construction is completed, the beam top elevation, centerline position, and actual elevation of the cantilever end can be obtained in real time and dynamically. The construction site can adjust the beam during and after the beam rotation process according to the real-time dynamic data.

[0053] 4 Lay the foundation for the next step of BIM+VR research: Through this method, key technologies and difficulties are summarized, laying the foundation for the next step of real-time dynamic feedback of construction progress visualization information, dynamic monitoring of raw material usage, and the development of AI+digital twin technology in the field of engineering construction.

[0054] Corresponding to the above-disclosed visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring system for bridge rotation construction, such as Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes: The BIM model building module is used to build a 1:1 beam BIM digital model based on the design drawings and design intent combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site; GIS information collection and model building module, which uses drones + 3D laser scanners to collect data on construction site structures and surface data, and build GIS digital models; BIM+GIS model combination module, used to integrate BIM digital model with GIS digital model and conduct pre-simulation of rotation construction; On-site instrument deployment module, used to deploy 3D laser scanners at the construction site to perform uninterrupted 3D point cloud scanning of the beam during its rotation process; The data transmission module is used to debug the transmission and receiving status of the equipment, ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the acquired 3D point cloud data in real time; The data processing module is used to use the graphics workstation to process the point cloud data obtained in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model, obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process, and synchronously transmit the real-time posture monitoring results of the beam to the construction site, so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

[0055] It should be noted that for the detailed description of a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring system for bridge rotation construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention, reference can be made to the relevant description of a visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction provided in an embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0056] The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which is only used to help understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions can be made.

Claims

1. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction, characterized in that: The method comprises: BIM model establishment: According to the design drawings and design intent, combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site, a 1:1 beam body BIM digital model is established; GIS information collection and GIS model establishment: Use drones + 3D laser scanners to collect data on construction site structures and surface data, and establish a GIS digital model; Combination of BIM+GIS models: Integrate the BIM digital model with the GIS digital model, and conduct pre-simulation of rotation construction; On-site instrument deployment: deploy 3D laser scanners at the construction site to perform uninterrupted 3D point cloud scanning of the beam during its rotation process; Data transmission: debug the transmission and receiving status of the equipment, ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the acquired 3D point cloud data in real time; Data processing: Use the graphics workstation to process the point cloud data acquired in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model to obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process. The real-time posture monitoring results of the beam are synchronously transmitted to the construction site so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

2. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Before the BIM model is established, the method further includes: Verification of design drawings: fully understand the design intent and design standards, be familiar with the design content, combine the actual site and the construction plan, check the horizontal and vertical positions, elevations, geometric dimensions, structural safety, and usage functions, communicate and inquire in a timely manner about unclear parts of the drawings, make adequate preparations, and provide accurate data support for the establishment of the BIM digital model.

3. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: BIM model establishment includes: After accurately checking the design drawings and understanding the design intent, the beam is built into a BIM digital model with three-dimensional coordinates using computer modeling software in combination with the construction plan.

4. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Before GIS information collection and GIS model establishment, the method further includes: On-site investigation: Conduct on-site inspection of buildings and surface data around the construction site, prepare aerial photography technical design, and develop a 3D laser scanning plan; verify whether the number and accuracy of measurement control points in the construction area meet the measurement requirements and visibility conditions, and bury or re-measure control points that are insufficient in number, unqualified in accuracy, and do not meet visibility conditions.

5. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: GIS information collection and GIS model establishment, including: UAV aerial survey uses low-altitude UAVs as aerial platforms, with airborne remote sensing equipment: high-resolution CCD digital cameras, laser scanners as the main, GPS, IMU as the auxiliary, to obtain surrounding buildings and ground information, and use professional computer software to process image information to generate GIS true color point cloud information models including digital elevation model DEM, orthophoto map DOM, three-dimensional landscape model, three-dimensional surface model DSM, and digital line map DLG.

6. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The combination of BIM+GIS model includes: The BIM digital model and the GIS digital model are integrated and adjusted using professional computer software to make them fully fit the actual situation on the construction site. Then, a pre-rotation drill of the beam is carried out on the graphics processing station to analyze the influencing factors and data transmission quality during the process, and determine the time required for real-time splicing and calculation of the point cloud.

7. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: On-site instrument layout, including: Before the beam rotates, a laser 3D scanner is placed on the left and right sides and directly below the beam to scan the 3D point cloud during the beam rotation process; a measuring robot is placed opposite the top of the beam to automatically measure the beam axis and the elevations of the top and ends of the beam, and provide accurate data for linear adjustment after the beam rotation and fine-tuning of the jack; multiple measurement targets are placed on both sides of the bottom area of ​​the beam for use in the target splicing method of the point cloud.

8. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Data processing, including: Use professional computer software to dynamically splice and calculate the measured 3D point cloud data with the established digital model. The splicing methods include target and view splicing methods. The calculated results and the real-time posture of the beam are updated regularly on the display. The main parameter indicators include the real-time posture image of the beam, the change of the center line and elevation of the beam top, and the comparison of the rotation angle of the beam compared with the previous time and the initial value.

9. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring method for bridge rotation construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Data processing specifically includes: When the rotating structure approaches the designed position, an alarm is triggered to prevent the structure from over-rotating; After the rotation mode of the rotating structure is changed from automatic to manual, the calculation result data is processed by the time-based graphics workstation, and manual jog operation is performed. Each point is operated once, and the computer automatically calculates the current status data of the axis movement once, and the cycle is repeated until the structural axis is accurately in place.

10. A visual remote real-time dynamic monitoring system for bridge rotation construction, characterized in that: The system comprises: The BIM model building module is used to build a 1:1 beam BIM digital model based on the design drawings and design intent combined with the actual construction plan at the construction site; GIS information collection and model building module, which uses drones + 3D laser scanners to collect data on construction site structures and surface data, and build GIS digital models; BIM+GIS model combination module, used to integrate BIM digital model with GIS digital model and conduct pre-simulation of rotation construction; On-site instrument deployment module, used to deploy 3D laser scanners at the construction site to perform uninterrupted 3D point cloud scanning of the beam during its rotation process; The data transmission module is used to debug the transmission and receiving status of the equipment, ensure the normal network status, and remotely transmit the acquired 3D point cloud data in real time; The data processing module is used to use the graphics workstation to process the point cloud data obtained in real time and perform dynamic splicing operations with the established digital model, obtain the real-time posture and parameter changes of the beam during the rotation process, and synchronously transmit the real-time posture monitoring results of the beam to the construction site, so that the construction site can adjust the beam according to the real-time dynamic data during and after the beam rotation process.

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