Anchoring type unilateral bolt fastener and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchoring type single-side bolt fastener and a mounting method thereof. The anchoring type single-side bolt fastener comprises a round head bolt, a split type gasket, a sleeve, a gasket and a nut, wherein the round head bolt is sequentially sleeved with the split type gasket, the sleeve, the gasket and the nut. The round head bolt is further provided with a positioning bolt head used for forming an anchoring bolt rod with the round head bolt. During installation, all parts such as a round head bolt are sequentially arranged on the installation tool in a sleeving mode and penetrate through the installation hole from the outer side of the connecting piece, and fastening connection operation is completed. And after all the fasteners on the steel pipe are fastened, concrete can be poured into the steel pipe. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the node performance can be effectively improved, the cost is low, batch production is facilitated, and the anchoring depth can be controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of civil engineering and mechanical assembly technology, and in particular to an anchoring type single-side bolt fastener and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Steel tube concrete structure has the advantages of high cross-sectional bearing efficiency, large torsional modulus, convenient construction, good fire resistance and beautiful appearance. However, steel tube column is a closed section. For ordinary bolts, when connecting and tightening the components, the operators need to work on both sides of the components simultaneously. Specifically, the bolts with nuts need to be inserted on one side, and then the nuts need to be tightened with tools on the other side. Therefore, it is difficult to connect the beam-column connection nodes of closed section components with ordinary bolts. Furthermore, when steel tube columns are selected as frame columns, especially cold-bent steel tube columns, the wall of the steel tube columns is thin, which will weaken the node stiffness. At present, the connection nodes between steel tube columns and steel beams are mainly in the form of internal partition nodes, through partition nodes, external partition nodes, external rib ring plate nodes, etc., all of which are fully welded nodes. At the construction site, such nodes require a lot of welding operations, and have high requirements for welding quality, which will consume a lot of manpower and material resources. Some nodes even require the steel tube columns to be cut and reconnected. In addition, the seismic performance of welded nodes is poor and they often become the weak link in the entire structural system under the action of earthquakes.

[0003] In recent years, single-sided bolt connection technology has emerged. Single-sided bolt technology, also known as blind bolts, single-sided locking bolts or concealed bolts. It can realize the single-sided installation and tightening of related bolt fasteners from one side of the steel pipe section. However, the problem of weak node stiffness caused by thin column walls has not been solved by only using single-sided bolts to connect beam-column nodes. By combining the concrete poured inside the steel pipe, some projects simply extend the bolt rod and use friction to provide anchoring force. Some scholars have also developed complex mechanical devices to be installed at the tail of the bolt to enhance its anchoring effect in concrete. These measures have the disadvantages of unclear improvement effect, cumbersome operation, and high production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anchoring type single-side bolt fastener and an installation method thereof, so as to improve the connection performance of the node.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: An anchoring type single-side bolt fastener comprises a round head bolt and a split gasket, a sleeve, a washer and a nut which are sequentially sleeved on the round head bolt;

[0006] The round head bolt is also provided with a positioning bolt head for forming an anchor bolt rod with the round head bolt.

[0007] Preferably, the split gasket, sleeve, washer and nut are arranged in sequence from the bolt head to the tail of the round head bolt, and the positioning bolt head is arranged between the bolt head of the round head bolt and the split gasket.

[0008] Preferably, the split gasket can pass through the mounting hole on the connector and fit the connector wall under the action of the positioning bolt head, and the portion from the bolt head to the positioning bolt head of the round head bolt is anchored in the concrete.

[0009] Further preferably, the outer diameter of the split gasket is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole, and the inner diameter of the split gasket is smaller than the outer diameter of the positioning bolt head.

[0010] Further preferably, the outer diameters of the positioning bolt heads and the round head bolt heads are smaller than or equal to the inner diameters of the mounting holes of the connectors, ensuring that they can pass through the mounting holes.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning bolt head has threads inside, which cooperate with the threads of the round head bolt.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the positioning bolt head is greater than or equal to that of the nut.

[0013] Further preferably, the positioning bolt head and the nut of the corresponding type of round head bolt have the same thickness. In the present invention, the positioning bolt head is required to have the same thickness as the nut of the corresponding type of round head bolt to avoid the occurrence of non-ideal failure modes such as thread shear failure at this component.

[0014] Preferably, the outer diameter of the positioning bolt head is consistent with the bolt head of the round head bolt. In the present invention, the positioning bolt head can be manufactured by customization or secondary processing of a nut of a corresponding model of the round head bolt.

[0015] Preferably, the outer diameter of the positioning bolt head is larger than the inner diameter of the split gasket.

[0016] Preferably, the split gasket has the characteristics of deforming and shrinking when subjected to force, and automatically returning to its original shape after the force is removed.

[0017] Further preferably, the split gasket is a hinged deformation, shrinkage and self-recovering split gasket, The Ajax Oneside (Ajax Engineered Fasteners, Australia) split gasket or a deformation and expansion split gasket.

[0018] A method for installing the above-mentioned anchor type single-side bolt fastener comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: According to the anchoring depth, the positioning bolt head is inserted into the designated position of the round head bolt to form an anchor bolt rod;

[0020] S2: sequentially put the nut, washer, sleeve, and split gasket on the installation tool, and then connect the installation tool to the tail end of the anchor bolt rod;

[0021] S3: Use the installation tool to insert the bolt head of the round head bolt, the positioning bolt head and the split gasket from the outside of the connector into the mounting hole of the connector. After the split gasket passes through the mounting hole, pull back the installation tool so that the positioning bolt head presses the split gasket against the side of the connector close to the bolt head of the round head bolt. Place the sleeve into the mounting hole, install the washer and the nut on the tail of the round head bolt in sequence, and tighten the nut.

[0022] S4: Remove the installation tool and complete the tightening.

[0023] Preferably, the installation tool in step S2 includes an operating handle and an operating rod arranged on the operating handle, and a nut, a washer, a sleeve, and a split gasket are sleeved on the operating rod.

[0024] Further preferably, the operating rod is threadedly connected to the tail portion of the anchor bolt rod.

[0025] Further preferably, the operating rod is provided with a ejector pin matched with the split gasket.

[0026] In the present invention, the ejector pin may interfere with the split gasket. When the split gasket is sent into the mounting hole of the connector, the split gasket is deformed and contracted under the action of the ejector pin and the outer wall of the connector, and smoothly passes through the mounting hole under the action of the ejector pin, and then automatically returns to its original shape. When the installation tool is pulled back, the split gasket is clamped and fixed under the action of the positioning bolt head and the inner wall of the connector.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting parts in step (2) include steel beams and steel pipe columns.

[0028] Further preferably, after all fasteners on the connecting member are installed and tightened, concrete is poured into the inner side of the steel pipe column.

[0029] Further preferably, the steel pipe column includes a cylindrical pipe column or a square steel pipe column.

[0030] Alternatively, preferably, the connecting member includes a steel beam and a concrete floor slab. That is, the anchor-type single-sided bolt fastener of the present invention can also replace the studs, or shear nails, in the steel-concrete composite beam. In the present invention, the traditional welded studs are replaced with single-sided bolt-type shear nails, so that the composite beam can be disassembled later.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The anchoring type single-sided bolt fastener of the present invention can enhance the anchoring effect of the bolt in concrete and improve the connection performance of the node while realizing the single-sided fastening operation.

[0033] 2. In addition to the partial friction anchoring force that ordinary single-sided bolts can provide, the anchoring mechanism in the present invention further performs mechanical anchoring through the bolt head embedded in the concrete, forming a compressed short column inside the concrete, which greatly enhances the anchoring effect of the single-sided bolt on the steel tube concrete column and effectively improves the connection performance of the node.

[0034] 3. The anchoring type single-side bolt fastener of the present invention has a low production cost, and the anchoring depth can be changed at any time according to needs, which is convenient for installation and also convenient for mass production.

[0035] 4. The present invention has a simple process and a low cost, and does not require customization of the bolt rod with the anchoring mechanism. At the same time, bolt fasteners with different anchoring depths can be produced in the same batch.

[0036] 5. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can control and adjust the anchoring depth of the fastener.

[0037] 6. The present invention provides a single-sided bolt fastener that can be used to effectively develop the bolt anchoring performance in steel-concrete composite structures, and has broad application prospects in the field of steel-concrete composite node reinforcement.

[0038] 7. The tensile bearing capacity of the anchor-type single-sided bolt fastener connection of the present invention can reach twice that of the original single-sided bolt connection (non-anchor type), and the initial stiffness can reach more than 5 times, which can effectively overcome the problem of weak node stiffness caused by thin column walls.

[0039] 8. The present invention provides a positioning bolt head, and the bolt rod length is within the range of 1.3 to 2 times the length of the traditional bolt rod, which can provide a larger anchoring force and is applicable to weld-free rigid nodes of steel tube concrete column-beam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main components of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a positioning bolt head of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of a round head bolt, i.e., an anchor bolt rod, after the positioning bolt head is installed in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the beginning of fastener installation;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positions of the components (cut-open steel pipe components) after the fastener of the present invention is installed and before the plum blossom head is twisted off Figure 1 (Side view);

[0045] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positions of the components (cut-open steel pipe components) after the fastener of the present invention is installed and before the plum blossom head is twisted off Figure 2 (Exterior stereogram);

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of actual engineering installation after the fastener of the present invention is installed and fastened;

[0047] In the figure: 1a-round head bolt, 1b-locating bolt head, 2-split gasket, 3-sleeve, 4-washer, 5-nut, 6-installation tool, 7-connector, 8-concrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] An anchor type single-sided bolt fastener, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is composed of a round head bolt 1a, a positioning bolt head 1b, a split gasket 2, a sleeve 3, a washer 4 and a nut 5. The round head bolt 1a and the positioning bolt head 1b form an anchor bolt rod.

[0051] Installation method:

[0052] 1. First, according to the designed anchoring depth, insert the positioning bolt head 1b into the specified position of the round head bolt 1a to form the anchor bolt rod 1. The two are connected by threads.

[0053] 2. Then, the installation tool 6 is fixedly connected to the tail of the anchor bolt rod. Before that, the split gasket 2, sleeve 3, washer 4 and nut 5 are sequentially mounted on the installation tool 6. Then, it is sent into the mounting hole of the connector 7. After the split gasket 2 passes through the mounting hole, the installation tool 6 is pulled back so that the positioning bolt head 1b presses the split gasket 2 against the inner side of the connector 7 (i.e., the side close to the head of the round head bolt 1a), the sleeve 3 is placed in the mounting hole, the washer 4 and nut 5 are sequentially mounted on the tail of the round head bolt 1a and the nut 5 is tightened.

[0054] 3. Remove the installation tool 6 and complete the tightening.

[0055] 4. After all fasteners on the connecting member 7 are installed and tightened, concrete 8 is poured into the interior thereof.

[0056] In this embodiment, the split gasket adopts the split gasket structure disclosed in patent CN111055237 A, "A hinged deformation, shrinkage and self-restoring single-sided bolt fastener and installation tool".

[0057] The anchoring type single-sided bolt fastener of this embodiment uses the split gasket (specifically the split gasket in the hinged deformation shrinkage self-recovering single-sided bolt fastener) as one of the key components, but the present invention is not limited to this type of bolt. The Ajax Oneside (Ajax Engineered Fasteners, Australia), the deformation and expansion type split single-sided bolt fasteners and the split nested single-sided bolt fasteners can all be designed as the carriers of the present invention.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] An anchoring type single-side bolt fastener is composed of a round head bolt 1a, a positioning bolt head 1b, and a split gasket 2, a sleeve 3, a washer 4 and a nut 5 which are sequentially sleeved behind.

[0060] Among them, the round head bolt 1a and the positioning bolt head 1b form an anchor bolt rod. During installation, the positioning bolt head 1b will be stuck on the inner side of the split gasket 2, and the split gasket 2 will be further stuck on the inner side of the connecting piece 7, and finally the installation and tightening will be completed. After the installation is completed, the part from the bolt head of the round head bolt 1a to the positioning bolt head 2 will be anchored in the concrete 8.

[0061] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the positioning bolt head 1b is equivalent to the bolt head of the round head bolt 1a, and the outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the mounting hole of the connecting member 7. Figures 2-3 As shown, there is a thread inside, which cooperates with the thread of the round head bolt 1a. The thickness of the positioning bolt head 1b should be greater than or equal to the nut 5.

[0062] When in use, first insert the positioning bolt head 1b into the round head bolt 1a to the specified position according to the designed anchoring depth. Figure 4 As shown, one end of the installation tool 6 is then fixedly connected to the tail of the round head bolt 1a. Prior to this, the split gasket 2, sleeve 3, washer 4 and nut 5 are sequentially sleeved on the installation tool 6, and then sent into the installation hole of the connector 7. After the split gasket 2 passes through the installation hole, the installation tool 6 is pulled back, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the positioning bolt head 1b presses the split gasket 2 against the inner side of the connecting piece 7, the sleeve 3 is placed in the mounting hole of the connecting piece 7, and the washer 4 and the nut 5 are sequentially installed at the tail of the round head bolt 1a and the nut 5 is tightened. Figure 6 As shown, the installation tool 6 is finally removed and the tightening is completed.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] An anchoring type single-sided bolt fastener, which can realize single-sided installation and fastening and can significantly improve the performance of the connection node in combination with concrete, comprises a round head bolt 1a, a positioning bolt head 1b, a split gasket 2, a sleeve 3, a washer 4 and a nut 5.

[0065] The round head bolt 1a and the positioning bolt head 1b form an anchor bolt rod. During installation, the positioning bolt head 1b will be stuck inside the split gasket 2, and the split gasket 2 will be further stuck inside the connector 7, and finally the installation and tightening will be completed. After the installation is completed, the bolt head of the round head bolt 1a to the positioning bolt head 1b will be anchored in the concrete 8.

[0066] In this embodiment, the positioning bolt head 1b is connected to the round head bolt 1a through a thread. When in use, first insert the positioning bolt head 1b into the round head bolt 1a according to the designed anchoring depth, and then fix the installation tool 6 to the tail of the round head bolt 1a. Before this, the split gasket 2, sleeve 3, washer 4 and nut 5 are sequentially sleeved on the installation tool 6. Then send it into the installation hole of the connecting member 7. After the split gasket 2 passes through the installation hole, pull back the installation tool 6 so that the positioning bolt head 1b presses the split gasket 2 against the inner side of the connecting member 7, and the sleeve 3 is placed in the installation hole. The washer 4 and nut 5 are sequentially installed on the tail of the round head bolt 1a and the nut 5 is tightened. Finally, the installation tool 6 is removed and the tightening is completed.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] An anchor type single-side bolt fastener used for Figure 7 The steel pipe column and the steel beam connection node shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the connecting part 7 includes a steel beam end plate and a steel pipe column, concrete 8 can be poured in the steel pipe column, the side end plate connecting the steel beam and the steel pipe column is 24mm thick, the wall thickness of the steel pipe column is 12mm, and the inner diameter is 276mm.

[0069] Specifically, in this embodiment, 16 groups of anchor-type single-side bolt fasteners are symmetrically arranged at the connection node between the steel pipe column and the steel beam, double rows of bolts are arranged on each side, the distance between adjacent groups of anchor-type single-side bolt fasteners is 100 mm, and the anchoring depth is 80 mm, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] First, align the bolt holes of the steel beam end plate and the steel pipe column. Then insert the positioning bolt head 1b into the round head bolt 1a until it is 80mm away from the head of the round head bolt 1a, and then fix the installation tool 6 to the tail of the round head bolt 1a. Before that, put the split gasket 2, sleeve 3, washer 4 and nut 5 on the installation tool 6. Then send it into the installation hole of the steel beam end plate. After the split gasket 2 passes through the installation hole, pull back the installation tool 6 so that the positioning bolt head 1b presses the split gasket 2 against the inner side of the steel pipe column 7, and the sleeve 3 is placed in the installation hole. The washer 4 and nut 5 are installed on the tail of the round head bolt 1a in turn and the nut 5 is tightened. Then remove the installation tool 6 and complete the tightening. Finally, pour concrete 8 inside the steel pipe column.

[0071] The present invention has the advantages of being able to effectively improve node performance, being low in cost, being easy to mass produce and being able to control the anchoring depth, etc.

[0072] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor type single-side bolt fastener, characterized in that: It comprises a round head bolt (1a) and a split gasket (2), a sleeve (3), a washer (4) and a nut (5) which are sequentially sleeved on the round head bolt (1a); The round head bolt (1a) is also provided with a positioning bolt head (1b) for forming an anchor bolt rod with the round head bolt (1a).

2. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split gasket (2), sleeve (3), washer (4) and nut (5) are arranged in sequence from the bolt head to the tail of the round head bolt (1a), and the positioning bolt head (1b) is arranged between the bolt head of the round head bolt (1a) and the split gasket (2).

3. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split gasket (2) can pass through the mounting hole on the connecting piece (7) and fit the wall surface of the connecting piece (7) under the action of the positioning bolt head (1b), and the portion from the bolt head of the round head bolt (1a) to the positioning bolt head (1b) is anchored in the concrete (8).

4. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the positioning bolt head (1b) is equivalent to that of the round head bolt (1a), and is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the mounting hole of the connecting piece (7). The positioning bolt head (1b) has threads inside, which cooperate with the threads of the round head bolt (1a).

5. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the positioning bolt head (1b) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the nut (5).

6. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the positioning bolt head (1b) is greater than the inner diameter of the split gasket (2).

7. The anchor type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split gasket (2) has the characteristics of deforming and shrinking when subjected to force, and automatically returning to its original shape after the force is removed.

8. The method for installing an anchor-type single-side bolt fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: inserting the positioning bolt head (1b) into the designated position of the round head bolt (1a) according to the anchoring depth to form an anchor bolt rod; S2: sequentially sleeve the nut (5), the washer (4), the sleeve (3), and the split gasket (2) onto the installation tool (6), and then connect the installation tool (6) to the tail end of the anchor bolt rod; S3: Use the installation tool (6) to insert the bolt head of the round head bolt (1a), the positioning bolt head (1b) and the split gasket (2) into the installation hole of the connecting piece (7). After the split gasket (2) passes through the installation hole, pull back the installation tool (6) so that the positioning bolt head (1b) presses the split gasket (2) against the side of the connecting piece (7) close to the bolt head of the round head bolt (1a). The sleeve (3) is placed in the installation hole, and the washer (4) and the nut (5) are installed in sequence at the tail end of the round head bolt (1a) and the nut (5) is tightened. S4: Remove the installation tool (6) and complete the tightening.

9. The method for installing an anchor-type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S2: the installation tool (6) comprises an operating handle and an operating rod arranged on the operating handle, and a nut (5), a washer (4), a sleeve (3), and a split gasket (2) are sleeved on the operating rod; The operating rod is threadedly connected to the tail of the anchor bolt rod; The operating rod is provided with a ejector pin which matches the split gasket (2).

10. The method for installing an anchor-type single-side bolt fastener according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting member (7) in step (2) includes a steel beam and a steel pipe column. After all fasteners on the connecting member (7) are installed and tightened, concrete (8) is poured into the inner side of the steel pipe column.

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