Shaft component of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaft component of a wind driven generator, which is characterized in that two components with different sections are smoothly transited by arranging an inner concave structure, so that the stress is uniformly distributed, an inner fillet R is more than 50 degrees, the stress concentration degree is reduced, and the larger fillet radius means that the transition at the joint is smoother and the stress is uniformly distributed; a local high-stress area generated by section change is obviously reduced, so that the fatigue life and the reliability of a shaft part are improved; by reducing stress concentration, the shaft part is more uniform when bearing loads due to the design of a concave area and a large round corner, and cracks and fatigue damage caused by the stress concentration are reduced; the durability of shaft components is improved, and the maintenance and replacement cost caused by failure of the components is reduced; stress distribution is optimized through the design of the inwards-concave area and the large fillet, and the stability of the overall structure of the shaft component is enhanced; the shaft part is stable and reliable when bearing various complex loads, and the fault risk caused by the unstable structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a shaft component of a wind power generator. Background Art

[0002] The shaft component is an important part of the mechanical transmission part, used to transmit motion and power, and is widely used in various fields such as wind power generation, automobiles, ships and oceans, and aerospace. As the unit develops towards large-scale and lightweight, the design requirements for motor shaft components are constantly increasing. With the increase in the diameter of the wind turbine rotor, the wind load borne by the shaft component is getting larger and larger. Traditional shaft components can no longer meet the design requirements, such as insufficient strength and insufficient rigidity.

[0003] The utility model patent with the patent publication number CN207315843U discloses a shaft component and a wind turbine generator set, which comprises: a shaft component body; a disc-shaped body extending radially outward from the outer surface of the shaft component body, the outer diameter of the disc-shaped body being larger than the maximum outer diameter of the shaft component body; and a plurality of reinforcing ribs extending from the disc-shaped body to the shaft component body. The shaft component has a disc-shaped body with a large turning radius, which can fully ensure the space for setting reinforcing ribs, brakes and locks, and through holes, and can optimize the overall shaft system structure.

[0004] However, when two components with different cross-sections are connected to each other, such as a disk and a shaft component body, stress concentration often occurs at the connection due to changes in cross-sectional dimensions. This stress concentration reduces the fatigue life of the component and may even cause the component to fail at a time far below its design life. The patent does not provide a transition zone at the connection between the disk and the shaft component body, resulting in stress concentration on the shaft component, and the grease replacement and maintenance of the bearings on the shaft component body are difficult. When the structure is subjected to wind loads, stress concentration is prone to occur at the disk and the shaft body, and the stress concentration coefficient is high, so the strength of the shaft structure cannot meet the design requirements. To solve this problem, the only way is to increase the stiffness of the shaft and replace materials with higher performance grades, but these measures will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in costs and cannot meet the design requirements of lightweight and economical design. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a shaft component with light weight, good economy and low stress concentration factor. The shaft component is provided with a transition ring, and an inner concave structure for reducing the stress concentration factor is provided at the transition ring; a transition ring with an L-shaped cross section is provided in the inner concave area of ​​the shaft body, and the material of the transition ring is low alloy steel or high-strength alloy steel of higher performance grade. The outer diameter of the transition ring and the shaft body adopt an interference fit, and the transition ring is installed on the shaft body by a cold sleeve method. There is a gap of 1 to 5 mm between the inner diameter of the transition ring and the shaft body. The L-shaped side of the transition ring must provide axial support for the bearing. In order to ensure the reliability of the bearing assembly, the verticality between the L-shaped end face and its outer cylindrical surface must be ensured.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A shaft component of a wind turbine generator comprises a shaft component body and a disc, wherein the two ends of the side surface of the shaft component body are respectively provided with bearing mounting surfaces, the disc is sleeved on one end of the shaft component body, the outer circumferential side of the disc is provided with a first connecting flange for connecting with a motor stator bracket, the end of the shaft component body close to the disc side is provided with a second connecting flange for connecting with a motor main frame, and the end of the shaft component body away from the disc side is provided with a third connecting flange for connecting with a bearing pressure ring to ensure axial preload of the bearing, and a concave structure is provided at the connection between the disc and the shaft component body away from the end side of the shaft component body, and the inner fillet R of the concave structure is greater than 50; the bearing mounting surface close to the disc side is provided at a position close to the concave structure on the side surface of the shaft component body, the outer circumferential surface of the transition ring is interference fit with the shaft body in the concave structure, and there is a gap of 1 to 5 mm between the inner circumferential surface of the transition ring and the shaft body; An L-shaped transition ring is arranged in the concave structure; the end face of the inner circle side of the L-shaped transition ring is arranged toward the bearing mounting surface, and the end face of the inner circle side of the L-shaped transition ring extends to the outside of the concave structure and is interference fit with the bearing on the bearing mounting surface to provide axial support for the bearing, and the end face of the transition ring that is interference fit with the bearing is arranged perpendicular to the outer circle surface of the transition ring.

[0007] The structural design of the large R angle in the concave area reduces the stress concentration coefficient of the structure under load, can significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft component under wind load, and improve the reliability of the shaft component; the outer cylindrical surface of the transition ring and the shaft component have an interference fit, which ensures the connection stiffness and can effectively provide axial support for the bearing; the inner circle of the transition ring and the shaft component have a clearance fit, which greatly reduces the difficulty of assembly and manufacturing on the basis of meeting the structural strength requirements; the L-shaped side of the transition ring must provide axial support for the bearing. In order to ensure the reliability of the bearing assembly and improve the stability and safety of the bearing operation, the verticality between the L-shaped end face and its outer cylindrical surface must be ensured, and the verticality ensures the safety and reliability of the bearing. The concave structure and the transition ring reduce the stress concentration coefficient of the shaft structure, significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft structure under wind load, improve the safety and reliability of the shaft structure, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine.

[0008] The transition ring material is low alloy steel or high strength alloy steel of higher performance grade.

[0009] The shaft component body is provided with a grease removal maintenance hole between the two bearing mounting surfaces to facilitate later bearing maintenance.

[0010] The disk is provided with reinforcing ribs, which have a certain draft angle along the height direction, and the angle is 0.5-3°. In order to improve the economy of the shaft component, the shaft component body and the large disk generally adopt an integral casting structure, and the reinforcing ribs are provided with a certain draft angle to facilitate demoulding, reduce manufacturing difficulty, and save costs.

[0011] Observation and maintenance holes are arranged between the reinforcing ribs in the circumferential direction of the disk, and the observation and maintenance holes are convenient for later maintenance.

[0012] The disc is provided with a locking seat, which is a hollow cylindrical structure and is arranged through the side surface of the disc between the two reinforcing ribs; When the unit is being maintained, in order to ensure the safety of the maintenance personnel, the locking pin is put into the locking seat to lock the rotating parts of the generator.

[0013] The locking seat and the disc are of an integrated structure or are detachably connected. A plurality of locking seats are provided on the disc and are evenly or unevenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the middle position of the disc.

[0014] The integrated structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture. Generally, the shaft is a spheroidal cast iron part, and the material itself has low strength. The combined structure is complex, but due to its separability, the lock pin seat can be made of high-strength alloy steel, which has higher strength and is easier to meet the use requirements. The lock seat is arranged between the two ribs, evenly or unevenly distributed around the circumference. The bearing capacity of a single lock seat is limited and does not meet the use requirements of the unit, so multiple lock seats are arranged.

[0015] The disc is provided with grease injection holes communicated with the bearing oil chamber. A plurality of grease injection holes are evenly distributed on the disc and are respectively arranged between two reinforcing ribs.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. In the present invention, a concave structure is provided to smoothly transition two components with different cross-sections, so that the stress distribution is more uniform, wherein the inner fillet R>50°, further reducing the degree of stress concentration, and a larger fillet radius means that the transition at the connection is smoother and the stress distribution is more uniform. This design significantly reduces the local high stress area caused by cross-sectional changes, thereby improving the fatigue life and reliability of the shaft component; by reducing stress concentration, the concave area and large fillet design make the shaft component more uniform when bearing loads, reducing cracks and fatigue damage caused by stress concentration; this not only improves the durability of the shaft component, but also reduces the maintenance and replacement costs caused by component failure; the concave area and large fillet design not only optimize the stress distribution, but also enhance the stability of the overall structure of the shaft component; making the shaft component more stable and reliable when bearing various complex loads, reducing the risk of failure due to structural instability.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the structural design of the large R angle in the concave area reduces the stress concentration coefficient of the structure under load, can significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft component under wind load, and improve the reliability of the shaft component; the outer cylindrical surface of the transition ring and the shaft component have an interference fit to ensure the connection stiffness and can effectively provide axial support for the bearing; the inner circle of the transition ring and the shaft component have a clearance fit, which greatly reduces the difficulty of assembly and manufacturing while meeting the structural strength requirements; the concave structure and the transition ring change the wind load transmission path, reduce the stress concentration coefficient, significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft structure under wind load, improve the safety and reliability of the shaft structure, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine generator set.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, a grease maintenance hole is provided between the two bearing mounting surfaces of the shaft component body, which is convenient for adding, replacing or inspecting grease to the bearing at a later time, thereby simplifying the maintenance process, improving maintenance efficiency, reducing maintenance costs, and helping to extend the service life of the bearing, making the maintenance of the bearing more convenient and efficient.

[0019] 4. The present invention integrates structures such as grease removal and maintenance holes, grease injection holes, and a locking seat, with high integration and compact structure, which reduces the weight of the unit and improves economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft component of the wind turbine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft component of the wind turbine of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft component of the wind turbine generator of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the shaft component of the wind turbine generator of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1. the main body of the shaft component; 2. the disc; 3. the bearing mounting surface; 4. the first connecting flange; 5. the second connecting flange; 6. the third connecting flange; 7. the concave structure; 8. the transition ring; 9. the grease removal maintenance hole; 10. the observation maintenance hole; 11. the locking seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0026] Example 1 The present embodiment provides a shaft component of a wind turbine, comprising a shaft component body 1 and a disc 2, wherein the two ends of the side surface of the shaft component body 1 are respectively provided with bearing mounting surfaces 3, the disc 2 is sleeved on one end of the shaft component body 1, the outer circumferential side of the disc 2 is provided with a first connecting flange 4 for connecting with a motor stator bracket, the end of the shaft component body 1 close to the disc 2 is provided with a second connecting flange 5 for connecting with a motor main frame, the end of the shaft component body 1 away from the disc 2 is provided with a third connecting flange 6 for connecting with a bearing pressure ring, to ensure axial preload of the bearing, and a concave structure 7 is provided at the connection between the disc 2 and the shaft component body 1 away from the end of the shaft component body 1 , the inner fillet angle R of the concave structure 7 is 100; the bearing mounting surface 3 close to the disc 2 is arranged at the side of the shaft component body 1 close to the concave structure 7, the outer circumferential surface of the transition ring 8 is interference fit with the shaft body in the concave structure 7, and there is a gap of 1~5mm between the inner circumferential surface of the transition ring 8 and the shaft body; an L-shaped transition ring 8 is arranged in the concave structure 7; the end face of the inner circumferential side of the L-shaped transition ring 8 is arranged toward the bearing mounting surface 3, and the end face of the inner circumferential side of the L-shaped transition ring 8 extends to the outside of the concave structure 7 and is interference fit with the bearing on the bearing mounting surface 3 to provide axial support for the bearing, and the end face of the transition ring 8 interference fit with the bearing is arranged perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the transition ring 8; The shaft component body 1 is provided with a grease removal maintenance hole 9 between the two bearing mounting surfaces 3; the disc 2 is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs have a certain draft angle along the height direction, and the angle is 0.5-3°.

[0027] In this embodiment, the shaft component is the main load bearer. The wind load is transmitted to the shaft component through the hub, the rotating shaft, and the bearing, and then transmitted to the tower base through the main frame. The shaft component provides support for the installation of the bearing, ensuring the safety and stability of the entire system.

[0028] In this embodiment, the structural design of the large R angle in the concave area reduces the stress concentration coefficient of the structure under load, can significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft component under wind load, and improve the reliability of the shaft component; the outer cylindrical surface of the transition ring 8 has an interference fit with the shaft component, which ensures the connection stiffness and can effectively provide axial support for the bearing; the inner circle of the transition ring 8 has a clearance fit with the shaft component, which greatly reduces the difficulty of assembly and manufacturing while meeting the structural strength requirements; the concave structure 7 and the transition ring 8 change the wind load transmission path, reduce the stress concentration coefficient, significantly reduce the stress level of the shaft structure under wind load, improve the safety and reliability of the shaft structure, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine.

[0029] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the inner fillet angle R of the inner concave structure 7 is 60, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0030] In this embodiment, the load and structure borne by the shaft component are smaller than those in Embodiment 1. Due to the limitation of the structural size, the inner fillet R=60. With this smaller R angle design, the stress level of the shaft structure meets the use requirements.

[0031] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, an observation and maintenance hole 10 is provided between the reinforcing ribs in the circumferential direction of the disk 2, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0032] In this embodiment, the position of the locking seat 11 can be clearly observed through the maintenance hole 10, which can improve the accuracy of the lock pin insertion. When the unit is overhauled and maintained, the maintenance personnel can enter the motor, observe the inside of the motor and perform simple overhaul and maintenance work inside the motor.

[0033] Example 4 Compared with Example 1, the present embodiment is different in that, in the present embodiment, a locking seat 11 is provided on the disc 2, and the locking seat 11 is a hollow cylindrical structure, which is arranged through the side of the disc 2 between the two reinforcing ribs; the locking seat 11 and the disc 2 are an integrated structure, and 12 locking seats 11 are provided on the disc 2, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the middle position of the disc 2; the rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the unit is maintained, in order to ensure the safety of the maintenance personnel, the locking pin is inserted into the locking seat 11 to lock the rotating parts of the generator; the integrated structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture. Generally, the shaft is a ductile iron casting, and the material itself has low strength. The design of multiple locking seats 11 meets the locking requirements and reduces the difficulty of inserting the locking pin.

[0035] Example 5 The present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that, in the present embodiment, the locking seat 11 is detachably connected to the disc 2 after being processed separately; the rest of the structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the combined structure is complex, but due to the separability of the structure, the lock pin seat can be made of high-strength alloy steel, which has higher strength and is more likely to meet the use requirements.

[0037] Example 6 The present embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that, in the present embodiment, a grease injection hole connected to the bearing oil chamber is provided on the disc 2, and a plurality of the grease injection holes are evenly distributed on the disc 2 and are arranged between the two ribs for easy operation and maintenance. The rest of the structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the bearing grease is injected into the bearing position through the grease injection hole by the grease injection pump, which meets the bearing lubrication requirements and ensures the safe and stable operation of the bearing.

[0039] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaft component of a wind turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shaft component body (1) and a disc (2), wherein the two ends of the side surface of the shaft component body (1) are respectively provided with bearing mounting surfaces (3), the disc (2) is sleeved on one end of the shaft component body (1), the outer circumferential side of the disc (2) is provided with a first connecting flange (4) for connecting to a motor stator bracket, the end of the shaft component body (1) close to the disc (2) is provided with a second connecting flange (5) for connecting to a motor main frame, the end of the shaft component body (1) away from the disc (2) is provided with a third connecting flange (6) for connecting to a bearing pressure ring, and a concave structure (7) is provided at the connection between the disc (2) and the shaft component body (1) away from the end of the shaft component body (1), wherein the concave structure The inner fillet angle R of the (7) is greater than 50; the bearing mounting surface (3) close to the disk (2) side is arranged at a position close to the inner concave structure (7) on the side of the shaft component body (1); the outer circumferential surface of the transition ring (8) is interference-fitted with the shaft body in the inner concave structure (7); and a gap of 1 to 5 mm exists between the inner circumferential surface of the transition ring (8) and the shaft body; an L-shaped transition ring (8) is arranged in the inner concave structure (7); the end surface of the inner circumferential side of the L-shaped transition ring (8) is arranged toward the bearing mounting surface (3), and the end surface of the inner circumferential side of the L-shaped transition ring (8) extends to the outside of the inner concave structure (7) and is interference-fitted with the bearing on the bearing mounting surface (3); the end surface of the transition ring (8) interference-fitted with the bearing is arranged perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the transition ring (8).

2. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the transition ring (8) is low alloy steel or high strength alloy steel.

3. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft component body (1) is provided with a grease removal maintenance hole (9) between the two bearing mounting surfaces (3).

4. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disk (2) is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs have a certain draft angle along the height direction, and the angle is 0.5-3°.

5. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Observation and maintenance holes (10) are provided between the reinforcing ribs in the circumferential direction on the disc (2).

6. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A locking seat (11) is provided on the disc (2); the locking seat (11) is a hollow cylindrical structure and is provided in a penetrating manner on the side surface of the disc (2) between two reinforcing ribs.

7. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking seat (11) and the disc (2) are of an integral structure or are detachably connected; a plurality of locking seats (11) are provided on the disc (2), and are evenly or unevenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the middle position of the disc (2).

8. The shaft component of the wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The disc (2) is provided with a grease injection hole connected to the bearing oil chamber. A plurality of grease injection holes are evenly distributed on the disc (2) and are respectively arranged between two reinforcing ribs.

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