Electrorheological damper with mixed flow type liquid flow channel

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrorheological damper with a mixed flow type liquid flow channel. The electrorheological damper is mainly composed of a pressure measuring connector, a lead connector, a cylinder body, an electrode cylinder, a piston, an electrode disc, a nylon disc, a nylon sleeve, an end cover and the like. Two sections of parallel annular liquid flow channels are formed among the cylinder body, the piston and the electrode cylinder; and two sections of radial disc-shaped liquid flow channels are formed between the left electrode disc and the piston and between the right electrode disc and the piston. The pressure measuring connector and the lead connector are connected to the cylinder body and used for controlling sliding of the piston assembly and liquid leakage in the application process. When power is supplied to the electrode part, a uniformly distributed electric field is generated in the four sections of effective liquid flow channels. The damping force can be effectively controlled by controlling the magnitude of the applied voltage. According to the invention, mixing of four sections of effective damping gaps of a parallel circular ring type and a radial disc type is realized; the damper has the advantages of small size, high output, simple structure, wide adjustable range and the like, and is particularly suitable for vibration reduction and shock resistance systems of machinery and building structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrorheological damper, in particular to an electrorheological damper with a mixed flow type liquid flow channel. Background Art

[0002] Electrorheological damper is a new type of intelligent damping device with electrorheological fluid as the working medium. Compared with the widely used magnetorheological damper, the electrorheological damper developed based on electrorheological effect has the advantages of small zero-field damping, light weight, small heat generation and wide adjustable range. Due to its adjustable damping, rapid response and strong controllability, it can be widely used in vibration control fields such as aerospace, aviation, automobile suspension systems, vibration reduction and earthquake resistance of buildings and bridges.

[0003] In traditional electrorheological fluid dampers, the damping cavity has an air cavity structure, as shown in the paper A new approach for dynamic modeling of an electrorheological damper using alumped parameter method [J]. Smart Materials and Structures, 2009, 1811: 115020-115020. by scholars Nguyen et al. There is a certain pressure, which places high requirements on the seals in the equipment. And most electrorheological fluid dampers are designed and manufactured in a single working mode, as shown in the invention patent of Sun Yi et al. of Shanghai University, a giant electrorheological fluid damper in an extrusion mode [P]. CN202110973363.3, 2022-05-27. If the maximum output damping force of the electrorheological damper is to be increased, it can only be achieved by increasing the number of pole plates, extending the length of the conductive piston, and reducing the thickness of the damping gap. However, this will lead to an increase in the overall volume and mass of the damper, a shortened working stroke, an increase in zero-field damping, and even induce electrical breakdown, affecting the product life. There are usually bubbles in the damper cavity due to incomplete filling, which can easily cause the piston to slip, making it difficult to meet the actual application requirements under different working conditions. In addition, as shown in the paper Vibration performance analysis of a self-energized damper composed of electrorheological fluid and piezoelectric ceramics [J]. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2023, 5110: 5968-5982 by scholars Liu et al., the copper wires of the electrode barrels of most existing electrorheological dampers are usually led out from the end caps, which will also put forward higher sealing requirements for the insulation sleeve and end cap of the damper, and easily cause leakage of electrorheological fluid.

[0004] Therefore, designing an electrorheological damper with small size, large damping force, wide adjustable range, no piston slip, no liquid leakage, and simple and reliable structure is a prerequisite for further broadening the industrial application of electrorheological dampers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the electrorheological damper described in the background technology during operation and meet the requirements of engineering applications, the present invention proposes an electrorheological damper with a mixed flow type liquid flow channel. The electrorheological damper is mainly composed of a pressure measuring joint, a lead joint, a cylinder body, an electrode cylinder, a piston, an electrode disk, a nylon disk, a nylon sleeve and an end cover. Two sections of parallel annular liquid flow channels are formed between the cylinder body, the piston and the electrode cylinder; two sections of radial disc-type liquid flow channels are formed between the left and right electrode disks and the piston. The pressure measuring joint and the lead joint are both connected to the cylinder body and are used to control the slippage of the piston assembly and the leakage of liquid during application. When the electrode parts are powered, a uniformly distributed electric field will be generated in the four sections of effective liquid flow channels. Effective control of the damping force can be achieved by controlling the magnitude of the applied voltage. The present invention realizes the mixing of four sections of effective damping gaps of parallel annular type and radial disc type, suppresses piston slippage and liquid leakage under small stroke of the damper, has the advantages of small size, large output, simple structure, wide adjustable range, etc., and is particularly suitable for vibration reduction and anti-seismic systems of machinery and building structures.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] An electrorheological damper with a mixed flow liquid flow channel comprises a left end cover 1, an O-ring 2, a cylinder body 3, a pressure measuring joint 4, an electrode barrel 5, a nylon disk 6, an electrode disk 7, a nylon gasket 8, a nylon hexagon socket screw 9, a piston head-piston rod assembly 10, a U-ring 11 for a shaft, a guide ring 12, a nylon sleeve 13, a right end cover 14, a rod end connector 15, a hexagonal nut 16, a rubber seal 17, a lead connector 18 and a copper wire 19; the hexagonal nut 16 is fixedly connected to the piston rod by threads; the left end cover 1 and the right end cover 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the cylinder body 3 by threads; the inner end of the nylon sleeve 13 is provided with an inverted L-shaped annular groove, and the two ends of the electrode barrel 5 are respectively provided with an inverted L-shaped annular groove. The cylinder body 3 is respectively overlapped in the inverted L-shaped annular groove of the left and right nylon sleeves; the cylinder body 3 is sleeved on the outside of the electrode cylinder 5 and the nylon sleeve 13, and the two ends are aligned with the outer ends of the left and right nylon sleeves 13 respectively; the two ends of the cylinder body 3 are sealed and connected by the left end cover 1 and the right end cover 14 respectively; the pressure measuring joint 4 and the lead joint 18 are installed on the cylinder body 3; the piston head and the piston rod are fixedly connected by threads and axially positioned by the shoulder to form a piston head-piston rod assembly 10; a nylon gasket 8 is provided between the electrode disk 7 and the piston head; the nylon disk 6, the electrode disk 7 and the nylon gasket 8 are fixedly connected to the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 by nylon hexagon socket screws 9 in turn; the left and right nylon disks 6, the left and right electrode disks 7, each The nylon gasket 8 and the piston head are combined to form a piston assembly; the copper wire of the electrode disk 7 is led out through the lead groove of the nylon disk 6 and the lead hole of the piston rod; the copper wire 19 of the electrode cylinder 5 is led out through the lead hole of the lead connector 18; the rod end connector 15 is fixedly connected to the piston rod by threads; the piston rod passes through the left end cover 1, the nylon sleeve 13 on the left, the nylon sleeve 13 on the right and the right end cover 14 in sequence, and the two ends extend out; the piston assembly is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod and placed in the middle position of the piston rod, and the piston rod drives the piston assembly to reciprocate and stretch; the electrode cylinder 5, the nylon sleeve 13 on the left and the piston assembly form a left chamber; the electrode cylinder 5, the nylon sleeve 13 on the right and the piston assembly The right chamber is formed between the inner circumference surface of the cylinder body 3 and the outer circumference surface of the electrode cylinder 5, through which the electrorheological fluid flows, the first valve-type annular damping gap is formed; the inner circumference surface of the electrode cylinder 5 and the outer circumference surface of the piston head in the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 form the second shear valve-type annular damping gap through which the electrorheological fluid flows; the two annular damping gaps work in parallel; the third radial disc-type damping gap through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the right end surface of the electrode disk 7 on the left and the left end surface of the piston head; the fourth radial disc-type damping gap through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the left end surface of the electrode disk 7 on the right and the right end surface of the piston head; the thickness range of these four effective damping gaps is 0.5mm~2.0mm; the copper wire of the electrode disk 7 is welded to the electrode disk 7, the copper wire 19 of the electrode tube 5 is fixedly connected to the electrode tube 5 by threads, and the left and right electrode disks 7 and the electrode tube 5 are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the power supply as positive plates; the lead wires on the cylinder body 3 and the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 are grounded, and the cylinder body 3 and the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 are respectively used as negative plates of the electrorheological damper; both ends of the electrode tube 5 are provided with uniformly distributed regular through holes according to the equal flow principle, which are used for the electrorheological fluid to flow in the left cavity, the right cavity and the four-section effective damping gap; pressure measuring joint 4 is connected to the cylinder body 3 and aligned with any of the common through holes at both ends of the electrode cylinder 5; the lead connector 18 is connected to the cylinder body 3, in contact with the nylon sleeve 13 on the right side, and is sealed with an isolating rubber seal ring 17; a shaft U-shaped ring 11 and a guide ring 12 are respectively arranged between the nylon sleeve 13 on the left side and the nylon sleeve 13 on the right side and the piston rod; an O-shaped seal ring 2 is respectively arranged between the nylon sleeve 13 on the left side and the nylon sleeve 13 on the right side and the cylinder body 3; annular grooves are opened on the left and right sides of the electrode cylinder 5, and is cast with isolating rubber to prevent the electrode cylinder 5 from contacting the cylinder body 3. .

[0008] The cylinder body 3, the electrode cylinder 5, the electrode disk 7, and the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 are all made of conductive materials.

[0009] The nylon disc 6, the nylon gasket 8, the nylon socket head screw 9, the nylon sleeve 13 and the rubber sealing ring 17 are all made of toughened nylon material.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0011] 1. The electrorheological damper of the present invention eliminates the air cavity by optimizing the internal structure, thereby increasing the effective stroke of the damper, and the inner cavity is pressure-free in a static state, thereby reducing the requirements for the use of sealing components.

[0012] 2. The electrorheological damper of the present invention realizes a mixture of four-stage effective damping gaps of parallel annular type and radial disc type, and the damping gap can be further adjusted by changing the thickness of the nylon gasket; under the condition of unchanged external dimensions, it has a larger controllable damping force under the action of a smaller external voltage, and at the same time, the dynamic adjustment range of the damping force is wider, thereby achieving the effect of small size and high output of the damper.

[0013] 3. The electrode tube and cylinder body, and the piston assembly and the electrode tube of the electrorheological damper of the present invention are filled with electrorheological fluid, which eliminates the hard contact between the piston and the electrode tube or cylinder body of the traditional damper, takes into account multiple working modes of the damper, and also makes the electrode assembly have better guidance, preventing the fall of wear particles from contaminating the electrorheological fluid and inducing electrical breakdown.

[0014] 4. The present invention adopts an outer cylinder with a pressure measuring joint structure, and after the damper is assembled and filled with liquid, the electrorheological fluid can be poured into the pressure measuring joint to increase the pressure in the cavity and offset the adverse effects caused by the presence of bubbles.

[0015] 5. The present invention adopts an outer tube with a lead connector structure, which can greatly reduce the sealing requirements of the damper's insulation sleeve, end cover and other parts during the damper manufacturing process, and can also better prevent the electrorheological fluid from leaking when the damper is working. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the damper electrode cylinder of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the damper cylinder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a nylon sleeve of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-left end cover, 2-O-ring, 3-cylinder body, 4-pressure measuring joint, 5-electrode cylinder, 6-nylon disk, 7-electrode disk, 8-nylon gasket, 9-nylon hexagon socket screw, 10-piston head-piston rod assembly, 11-U-ring for shaft, 12-guide ring, 13-nylon sleeve, 14-right end cover, 15-rod end connector, 16-hexagonal nut, 17-rubber seal, 18-lead Connector, 19-copper wire, 20-valve type annular damping gap, 21-lead hole at piston rod, 22-lead groove, 23-shear valve type annular damping gap, 24-radial disc type damping gap, 25-copper wire at piston rod, 26-annular groove at electrode cylinder, 27-normal through hole, 28-threaded hole, 29-pressure measuring hole and injection hole, 30-lead hole at cylinder body, 31-inverted L-shaped annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0023] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the present invention is shown as follows. The left end cover 1, O-ring 2, cylinder body 3, pressure measuring joint 4, electrode cylinder 5, nylon disk 6, electrode disk 7, nylon gasket 8, nylon hexagon socket screw 9, piston head-piston rod assembly 10, shaft U-ring 11, guide ring 12, nylon sleeve 13, right end cover 14, rod end connector 15, hexagonal nut 16, rubber seal 17, lead connector 18 and copper wire 19.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the present invention. The nylon disk 6, the electrode disk 7, the nylon gasket 8 and the piston head are combined together to form a piston assembly; the piston head and the piston rod are fixedly connected by threads and axially positioned by a shaft shoulder, thereby forming a piston head-piston rod assembly 10; a valve-type annular damping gap 20 through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the circumferential inner surface of the cylinder body 3 and the circumferential outer surface of the electrode cylinder 5; a shear valve-type annular damping gap 23 through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the circumferential inner surface of the electrode cylinder 5 and the circumferential outer surface of the piston head in the piston head-piston rod assembly 10, and a valve-type annular damping gap 24 through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed. 0 and the shear valve annular damping gap 23 form two sections of parallel liquid flow channels through which the electrorheological fluid flows; the first section of radial disc-type damping gap 24 through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the right end surface of the left electrode disk and the left end surface of the piston head, and the second section of radial disc-type damping gap 24 through which the electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the left end surface of the right electrode disk and the right end surface of the piston head. The two sections of radial disc damping gaps 24 form two sections of radial disc-type liquid flow channels through which the electrorheological fluid flows; the copper wire of the electrode disk 7 is led out through the lead groove 22 of the nylon disk 6 and the lead hole 21 of the piston rod.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the electrode cylinder of the damper of the present invention. Annular grooves 26 are opened on the left and right sides of the electrode cylinder 5, and the electrode cylinder 5 is cast with an edge-isolating glue to prevent the electrode cylinder 5 from contacting the cylinder 3; the left and right parts of the electrode cylinder 5 are uniformly provided with regular through holes 27 along the periphery according to the equal flow principle. A threaded hole 28 is opened on the right side of the electrode cylinder 5 for threadedly fixing and connecting the copper wire 19.

[0026] Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the damper cylinder of the present invention. The pressure measuring joint 4 is threadedly connected to the outside of the cylinder 3 and aligned with any common through hole position on the electrode cylinder 5. The through hole on it has two functions: pressure measuring and liquid injection 29. The copper wire 19 of the electrode cylinder 5 is led out through the lead hole 30 of the lead joint 18.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the nylon sleeve of the present invention. An inverted L-shaped annular groove 31 is opened at the inner end of the nylon sleeve 13. The two ends of the electrode tube 5 are respectively overlapped in the inverted L-shaped annular grooves 31 of the left and right nylon sleeves, so that the electrode tube 5 and the nylon sleeve 13 can be insulated from each other and form a valve-type circular damping gap 20 with a uniform and equal gap.

[0028] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0029] When the electrorheological damper with mixed flow type liquid flow channel of the present invention is used, the left and right cavities and each liquid flow channel are filled with electrorheological fluid through the pressure measuring joint 4. The positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the copper wires of the left and right electrode disks and the electrode cylinder at the same time, so that the left and right electrode disks 7 and the electrode cylinder 5 are used as positive plates, and the cylinder body 3 and the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 are grounded as negative plates. In the power-on state, a uniform electric field perpendicular to the liquid flow direction is formed in the four-stage effective damping channels of the parallel annular type and radial disc type. After the electrorheological fluid flows through each liquid flow channel, the electrorheological fluid produces an electrorheological effect and the yield stress is enhanced. At this time, under external excitation, the piston head-piston rod assembly 10 moves, pushing the electrorheological fluid to flow and flow through the damper liquid flow channel; due to the enhanced yield stress, a larger damping is generated, which hinders the reciprocating cyclic motion of the piston rod to achieve the damping and vibration reduction effect. By changing the access voltage of the positive plate, the electro-induced damping force of the electrorheological damper can be continuously changed to achieve the required output damping force. By changing the thickness of the adjustable nylon gasket 8, the thickness of the radial disc-shaped damping channel can also be changed to achieve controllable damping gap.

[0030] During use, if one of the negative plates fails, the electrorheological damper of the mixed flow channel becomes a parallel connection of a valve electrorheological damper and a shear hydraulic damper or a parallel connection of a shear electrorheological damper and a valve hydraulic damper. If the electrode plate fails or the input voltage value is zero, the damper becomes a parallel connection of a valve hydraulic damper and a shear hydraulic damper, at which time the damping coefficient of the damper is the smallest.

Claims

1. An electrorheological damper having a mixed flow liquid flow channel, characterized in that: The electrorheological damper comprises a left end cover (1), an O-ring (2), a cylinder (3), a pressure measuring joint (4), an electrode cylinder (5), a nylon disk (6), an electrode disk (7), a nylon gasket (8), a nylon hexagon socket screw (9), a piston head-piston rod assembly (10), a U-ring for the shaft (11), a guide ring (12), a nylon sleeve (13), a right end cover (14), a rod end connector (15), a hexagonal nut (16), a rubber seal ring (17) and a lead connector (18); The hexagonal nut (16) is fixedly connected to the piston rod through threads; the left end cover (1) and the right end cover (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the cylinder body (3) through threads; the inner end of the nylon sleeve (13) is provided with an inverted L-shaped annular groove (31), and the two ends of the electrode cylinder (5) are respectively overlapped in the inverted L-shaped annular grooves of the left and right nylon sleeves; the cylinder body (3) is sleeved on the outside of the electrode cylinder (5) and the nylon sleeve (13), and the two ends are respectively aligned with the outer ends of the left and right nylon sleeves (13); the two ends of the cylinder body (3) are respectively connected through the left end cover ( 1) and the right end cover (14) are sealed and connected; a pressure measuring joint (4) and a lead joint (18) are installed on the cylinder body (3); the piston head and the piston rod are fixedly connected by threads and axially positioned by a shaft shoulder to form a piston head-piston rod assembly (10); a nylon gasket (8) is provided between the electrode disk (7) and the piston head; the nylon disk (6), the electrode disk (7) and the nylon gasket (8) are fixedly connected to the piston head-piston rod assembly (10) by nylon socket head screws (9) in sequence; the lead wire of the electrode disk (7) passes through the nylon disk (6) The lead wire of the electrode cylinder (5) is led out through the lead wire hole of the lead wire joint (18); the rod end connector (15) is fixedly connected to the piston rod by threads; the piston rod passes through the left end cover (1), the left nylon sleeve (13), the right nylon sleeve (13) and the right end cover (14) in sequence, and the two ends of the piston rod are extended; the piston assembly is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod and placed in the middle of the piston rod, and the piston rod drives the piston assembly to reciprocate and stretch; the electrode cylinder (5), the left nylon sleeve (13) and the piston assembly A left chamber is formed between the cylinder (3) and the piston head-piston rod assembly (10); a right chamber is formed between the electrode cylinder (5), the nylon sleeve (13) on the right side and the piston assembly; the wire of the electrode disk (7) is welded to the electrode disk (7), the wire of the electrode cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the electrode cylinder (5) by means of threads, and the left and right electrode disks (7) and the electrode cylinder (5) are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the power supply as positive plates; wires are led out from the cylinder body (3) and the piston head-piston rod assembly (10) to ground, and the cylinder body (3) and the piston head-piston rod assembly (10) are respectively used as negative plates of the electrorheological damper.

2. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four sections of effective damping gaps are specifically: a first section of valve-type annular damping gap (20) through which electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the circumferential inner surface of the cylinder body (3) and the circumferential outer surface of the electrode cylinder (5); a second section of shear valve-type annular damping gap (23) through which electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the circumferential inner surface of the electrode cylinder (5) and the circumferential outer surface of the piston head in the piston head-piston rod assembly (10); the two sections of annular damping gaps work in parallel; a third section of radial disc-type damping gap (24) through which electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the right end surface of the left electrode disk (7) and the left end surface of the piston head; a fourth section of radial disc-type damping gap through which electrorheological fluid flows is formed between the left end surface of the right electrode disk (7) and the right end surface of the piston head; the thickness range of the four sections of effective damping gaps is 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

3. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly is mainly composed of a left nylon disc (6), a right nylon disc (6), a left electrode disc (7), a nylon gasket (8) and a piston head.

4. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the electrode cylinder (5) are provided with evenly distributed regular through holes according to the equal flow principle, so as to allow the electrorheological fluid to flow in the left cavity, the right cavity and the four sections of effective damping gaps.

5. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure measuring joint (4) is connected to the cylinder body (3) and aligned with any one of the through holes (27) at both ends of the electrode tube (5); the lead joint (18) is connected to the cylinder body (3), contacts the nylon sleeve (13) on the right side, and is sealed with an isolating rubber sealing ring (17).

6. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft U-shaped ring (11) and a guide ring (12) are respectively arranged between the left nylon sleeve (13), the right nylon sleeve (13) and the piston rod; an O-shaped sealing ring (2) is respectively arranged between the left nylon sleeve (13), the right nylon sleeve (13) and the cylinder body (3); annular grooves are opened on the left and right sides of the electrode cylinder (5), and an insulating glue is cast to prevent the electrode cylinder (5) from contacting the cylinder body (3).

7. The electrorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nylon disc (6), nylon gasket (8), nylon socket screw (9), nylon sleeve (13), and rubber sealing ring (17) are all made of toughened nylon material; the cylinder body (3), electrode cylinder (5), electrode disc (7), and piston head-piston rod assembly (10) are all made of conductive material.

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