Installation Structure of Heater for Gas Thermal Ice Removal System of Wind Turbine Blade

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heater installation structure for a pneumatic thermal de-icing system of a fan blade, which comprises a blade and a heater. A blade girder is installed on the blade. The interior of the blade is divided into a blade leading edge cavity and a blade trailing edge cavity by a blade web. A heater mounting plate is installed on the blade girder and the blade web of the blade leading edge cavity. The heater is fixedly connected to the heater mounting plate. The air inlet of the heater is connected to the air outlet of a blower through an air inlet pipe. The air outlet of the heater is fixedly connected to a baffle provided in the blade leading edge cavity. The outer shell of the heater adopts a non-metallic outer shell. The heater of the present invention has small heat loss, can be more used for pneumatic thermal de-icing, and reduces the self-power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an air-heating de-icing system for a wind turbine generator set, and particularly to an installation structure of a heater for an air-heating de-icing system of a wind turbine blade. Background Art

[0002] At present, wind turbine generator sets located in mountainous areas in the north and south are all troubled by the inability to generate electricity due to blade icing in winter: Since there is no effective means to remove the ice on the blades after icing, it can only wait until the weather warms up and the ice melts naturally, resulting in huge losses in power generation. Moreover, icing has a serious impact on the safety, service life, and maintenance cost of the unit, poses a safety hazard to surrounding people, livestock, and equipment, impacts the stable operation of the power grid, and exacerbates the contradiction between power consumption and power generation during the icing period.

[0003] Air-heating de-icing is a relatively mature method for de-icing wind turbine blades at present. It can be adopted for the retrofit of existing wind turbines and the installation of new wind turbines. It has a long service life, is convenient for maintenance, does not attract lightning, and also has a certain anti-icing ability. The principle of air-heating de-icing is: Utilize that the inside of the blade is a closed cavity. Install a blower and a heater in the blade cavity. Heat the cold air inside the blade with the heater, and then send the heated hot air out with the blower, and let it circulate along the designed air duct inside the blade. Heat the inner surface of the blade through the hot air, and make the heat conduct from the inner surface of the blade to the outer surface of the blade. When the temperature of the outer surface of the blade exceeds zero degree, the effect of anti-icing and de-icing can be achieved. During specific design, as Figure 1 shown, the heater 1 and the blower 2 are installed inside the manhole baffle at the blade root. The hot air is sent to about one-third of the blade length through the air duct 4 at the heater outlet. Because the space of the leading-edge air flow channel 14 further forward is too narrow for construction, and a baffle 3 is installed here, so that the hot air flowing out of the air duct 4 can only move forward along the leading-edge air flow channel 14 towards the blade tip 5 and cannot flow back.

[0004] The outer shells of the existing heaters 1 are all made of steel, and generally have a large weight. Since the blade web that supports the blade structure is made of fiberglass material with a thickness of about 10 - 15 mm and cannot bear too much pressure, the heater cannot be installed on the blade web 9 under normal circumstances. Only the relatively light air duct 4 can be installed on the blade web 9; at the same time, considering the increased moment of inertia of the blade caused by the heater 1, it is also better to install the heater 1 at a position closer to the blade rotation center, as shown in Figure 2 . This traditional heater and its installation method make the hot air heated by the heater 1 need to pass through the air duct 4 with a length of nearly one-third of the blade to be used for de-icing, resulting in a large amount of heat loss. According to measurement, the lost heat can reach more than 30% of the total heat generated by the heater 1, greatly reducing the de-icing effect of the de-icing system and increasing the self-power consumption.

[0005] How to design a better heater, its installation method and location, while reducing the heat loss of the air duct, without causing excessive pressure on the blade web, and without increasing the rotational inertia of the blade too much, has always troubled the technicians engaged in the pneumatic thermal de-icing of wind turbine blades. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, aiming at the deficiency of large heat loss of the heater in the existing pneumatic thermal de-icing system of wind turbine generators, the present invention provides a heater installation structure for a pneumatic thermal de-icing system of wind turbine blades, in which more heat of the heater can be used for pneumatic thermal de-icing, improving the de-icing effect and reducing the self-power consumption of the system.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A heater installation structure for a pneumatic thermal de-icing system of wind turbine blades, including a blade and a heater, a blade girder is installed on the blade, the inside of the blade is divided into a blade leading-edge cavity and a blade trailing-edge cavity by a blade web, and a baffle for preventing hot air from flowing back is installed in the blade leading-edge cavity. Its structural characteristics are as follows:

[0009] A heater mounting plate is installed on the blade girder and the blade web on the near-root side of the baffle in the blade leading-edge cavity, the heater is fixedly connected to the heater mounting plate, the air inlet of the heater is connected to the air outlet of a blower through an air inlet pipe, and the air outlet of the heater is fixedly connected to the baffle arranged in the blade leading-edge cavity;

[0010] The relationship between the power of the heater and the length of the wind turbine blade needs to satisfy: W = K × L, where W is the power of the heater, 1 / 3 ≤ K ≤ 4 / 9, and L is the length of the wind turbine blade;

[0011] The outer shell of the heater adopts a non-metallic outer shell.

[0012] By moving the installation position of the heater forward to the blade girder and blade web near the blade root side of the baffle, the length of the air duct installed between the air outlet of the heater and the baffle in the present invention can be significantly shorter than that of the air duct of the conventional air-heating de-icing system for fan blades. It can even directly connect the air outlet of the heater to the baffle, greatly reducing the heat dissipated through the air duct, and the minimum can reach scattered loss. This not only improves the air-heating de-icing effect, but also reduces the heater capacity, shrinks the volume, and lightens the weight under the same de-icing heat requirement of the blade, reducing the self-power consumption of air-heating de-icing. On this basis, by changing the material of the heater shell to non-metal to reduce the weight of the heater, the weight of the heater is further reduced, making the pressure of the heater on the blade web smaller, ensuring that the heater is reliably and stably installed on the blade web. Even when the heater is installed on the blade web, increasing the rotation radius of the heater has little impact on the moment of inertia of the blade, ensuring the normal rotation of the blade.

[0013] It can be seen that the present invention uses the blade girder and blade web near the blade root side of the baffle in the blade leading-edge cavity to install the heater, and combined with the technology of using a non-metal shell for the heater, it solves the problem that the heater is too heavy to be fixed to the blade web (the blade web is relatively thin and has a great risk of bearing). The solution to this problem greatly improves the heat utilization rate of air-heating de-icing, and the de-icing effect has been immediately improved.

[0014] Preferably, the air outlet of the heater is connected and fixed to the baffle through an air duct to further reduce the impact on the moment of inertia after the heater is installed on the blade web.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet and air outlet of the heater are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe, baffle or air duct through flanges.

[0016] Preferably, the air inlet pipe and the air duct are respectively connected and fixed to the blade web through hand-laid fiberglass cloth.

[0017] Preferably, the shell of the heater is made of bakelite or basalt fiber composite material.

[0018] Preferably, heater mounting plates are respectively installed on the blade girders on both sides of the blade leading-edge cavity, and the heater is respectively connected and fixed to the heater mounting plates on the blade girders on both sides of the blade leading-edge cavity.

[0019] Preferably, a support plate is installed between the heater mounting plate and the blade girder to ensure the installation strength of the heater mounting plate.

[0020] Preferably, the heater mounting plate, the support plate and the blade girder on the same side of the heater are of an integral structure.

[0021] Preferably, the heater is in the shape of a cuboid or a cylinder.

[0022] Preferably, the value range of the K value is: 2 / 5 ≤ K ≤ 4 / 9.

[0023] Preferably, a rubber pad is provided between the heater and the blade web to achieve shock absorption and heat insulation effects.

[0024] The principle of the design method of the present invention:

[0025] 1. Fix the heater by means of the blade spar so that the heater is installed on the blade web.

[0026] 2. After the heater is installed on the blade web, the distance from the air duct to the baffle is shortened, the air duct reduces heat dissipation, the capacity of the heater can be reduced, the volume can be reduced, and the weight is reduced.

[0027] 3. Reduce the weight of the heater by changing the material of the heater shell to a non-metal.

[0028] 4. After the heater is lightened, the pressure on the blade web is smaller.

[0029] 5. After the heater is lightened, even if its installation position is on the blade web, increasing its radius of rotation has little impact on the moment of inertia of the blade.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1) The present invention enables the fixed installation of the heater not to be connected to the bracket through bolts, and the bracket is then hand-laid on the inner surface of the blade root (such as Figure 2 ), but to be fixed on the blade web by a heater mounting plate hand-laid with the blade spar, which not only ensures the reliable fixation of the heater, but also makes the force on the blade web very small, ensuring the safety of the blade web.

[0032] 2) Hanging ears are provided on both sides of the heater of the present invention, and flanges are respectively designed for the air outlet and the air inlet, which not only ensures the reliable installation of the heater, but also makes the heater easy to disassemble.

[0033] 3) The heater shell of the present invention uses a heat-resistant polymer material to replace steel, greatly reducing the weight of the heater, which is not only beneficial to reducing the moment of inertia, but also makes the heater safer when installed on the blade web and convenient for on-site handling.

[0034] 4) The heater of the present invention is installed on the blade web, without hand-laying the heater bracket and without producing a heavy and complex heater bracket, which not only reduces the cost, but also saves the on-site construction time.

[0035] 5), The heater of the present invention is installed on the blade web, which can significantly reduce the heat dissipation of the air duct, improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the heater, reduce the maximum power of the heater, reduce the volume of the heater, further reduce the weight of the heater, and significantly reduce the self-power consumption of the de-icing system. Description of the Drawings

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the internal air-heating de-icing system in the blade of an existing wind turbine. The arrows in the figure indicate the air flow direction.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the heater and the blower in the internal air-heating de-icing system of an existing wind turbine blade.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure for installing the heater mounting plate on the blade girder of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the heater.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of directly connecting and fixing the air outlet of the heater to the baffle.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of setting a support plate between the heater mounting plate and the blade girder.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of designing one side of the heater mounting plate into an integral structure.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a cuboid-shaped heater.

[0045] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of a cylindrical heater.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Heater; 2. Blower; 3. Baffle; 4. Air duct; 5. Blade tip; 6. Blade leading edge cavity; 7. Blade trailing edge cavity; 8. Blade girder; 9. Blade web; 10. Support plate; 11. Heater mounting plate; 12. Air inlet duct; 13. Return air flow channel; 14. Leading edge air flow channel; 15. Wind turbine blade; 16. Heating system support bracket; 17. Hand-laid fiberglass cloth; 18. Hanging ear. Detailed Embodiments

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 - Figure 4 , an embodiment of the installation structure of the heater of the air-heating de-icing system for the fan blade of the present invention includes a blade and a heater 1. A blade girder 8 is installed on the blade. The inside of the blade is divided into a blade leading-edge cavity 6 and a blade trailing-edge cavity 7 by a blade web 9. A baffle 3 for preventing hot air from flowing back is installed in the blade leading-edge cavity 6. A heater mounting plate 11 is installed on the blade girder 8 and the blade web 9 on the near-root side of the baffle in the blade leading-edge cavity 6. The heater 1 is fixedly connected to the heater mounting plate 11. The air inlet of the heater 1 is connected to the air outlet of a blower 2 through an air inlet pipe 12. The air outlet of the heater 1 is fixedly connected to the baffle 3 arranged in the blade leading-edge cavity 6 through an air guide pipe 4. The relationship between the power of the heater 1 and the length of the fan blade satisfies: W = K × L, where W is the power of the heater, 1 / 3 ≤ K ≤ 4 / 9, and L is the length of the fan blade. The preferred value of K is: 2 / 5 ≤ K ≤ 4 / 9.

[0051] To reduce the weight of the heater 1, the outer shell of the heater 1 is made of a non-metallic material.

[0052] During specific implementation, the following solution can be adopted:

[0053] 1. On both sides (in the cross-sectional direction of the blade) of the blade web 9 where the air inlet pipe 12 is installed in the leading edge cavity 6 of the blade, four heater mounting plates 11 are hand-laid and installed, two on each of the left and right sides. The root of each heater mounting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the blade girder 8 and adhesively bonded to the blade web 9 on the side. See Figure 3 ;

[0054] 2. A heater 1 is installed in the middle of the four heater mounting plates 11. The heater 1 is fixedly connected and fixed to the heater mounting plates 11 through bolts by its left and right pairs of hanging ears 18. See Figure 4 ;

[0055] 3. The air inlet and outlet of the heater 1 are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe 12 or the air guide pipe 4 through flanges;

[0056] 4. The air inlet pipe 12 and the air guide pipe 4 are fixedly connected to the blade web 9 by hand-laid fiberglass cloth 17;

[0057] 5. The heater 1 can be installed in front of the baffle 3 (the baffle 3 is installed at the place where the air guide pipe 4 in the leading edge cavity 6 of the blade cannot pass through anymore, which is the same as the prior art). The air inlet is connected to the air inlet pipe 12 through a flange, and the air outlet is directly connected and fixed to the baffle 3 through a flange, so as to send the hot air to the leading edge plate of the blade near the blade tip 5 as much as possible and improve the de-icing effect of the leading edge plate of the blade. See Figure 5 ;

[0058] 6. The outer shell of the heater 1 is made of a polymer material that can withstand heat above 300 degrees Celsius, has good heat insulation performance, and is flame retardant, such as made of bakelite or basalt fiber composite material;

[0059] 7. Support plates 10 are installed between the heater mounting plates 11 on the left and right sides of the heater 1 and the blade girder 8 for structural strengthening, such as Figure 6 , and the two heater mounting plates 11 and the corresponding support plates 10 on the same side of the blade girder 8 can be designed as an integral structure, such as Figure 7 ;

[0060] 8. The heater 1 can be designed to be a cuboid shape, such as Figure 8 , or can be designed to be a cylindrical shape, such as Figure 9 ;

[0061] 9. In order to reduce vibration and further insulate heat, a rubber pad is laid between the heater 1 and the blade web 9.

[0062] As described above, it is only the specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, all content that does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heater installation structure for a fan blade gas heating deicing system, comprising a blade and a heater, wherein a blade beam is installed on the blade, the interior of the blade is divided into a blade leading edge cavity and a blade trailing edge cavity by a blade web, and a baffle is installed in the blade leading edge cavity to prevent hot air from flowing back, characterized in that: A heater mounting plate is installed on the blade beam and the blade web on the blade root side of the baffle in the blade leading edge cavity, the blade beams on both sides of the blade leading edge cavity are respectively fixedly connected to the roots of the heater mounting plate, the two sides of the heater are respectively connected and fixed to the heater mounting plates on the blade beams on both sides of the blade leading edge cavity, the air inlet of the heater is connected to the air outlet of the blower through the air inlet pipe, and the air outlet of the heater is connected and fixed to the baffle provided in the blade leading edge cavity; The relationship between the power of the heater and the length of the fan blade must satisfy: W=K×L, where W is the power of the heater, 1 / 3≤K≤4 / 9, and L is the length of the fan blade; The shell of the heater is a non-metal shell.

2. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air outlet of the heater is connected and fixed to the baffle via an air guide pipe.

3. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The air inlet and the air outlet of the heater are connected to the air inlet pipe or the baffle or the air guide pipe via flanges respectively.

4. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The air inlet pipe and the air guide pipe are respectively connected and fixed to the blade web by hand-laid fiberglass cloth.

5. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shell of the heater is made of bakelite or basalt fiber composite material.

6. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A support plate is installed between the heater mounting plate and the blade beam.

7. The heater installation structure for the fan blade gas heating deicing system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The heater mounting plate, the support plate and the blade beam on the same side of the heater are an integrated structure.

8. The heater installation structure for fan blade air-heat deicing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The value range of K is: 2 / 5≤K≤4 / 9.

9. The heater installation structure for fan blade gas heating deicing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A rubber pad is arranged between the heater and the blade web.

Images