Reactor equipment flange bolt loosening detection method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device and storage medium for detecting loose bolts of a reactor equipment flange. The method comprises: in response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange, sending a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and obtaining a reference waveguide signal of the reference bolt in a tightened state and loosening waveguide signals in different loosening states; converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receiving a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange; judging whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal; if the bolt to be detected is loose, determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and a preset bolt loosening position information reference function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear reactor safety detection, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment. Background Art

[0002] Flanges are widely used in the nuclear power sector due to their high connection strength, excellent sealing, and resistance to high temperatures and high pressures. They play an irreplaceable role in the key structures of many reactors. In the nuclear power sector, most flange structures are detachable joints that use bolts to tighten two flanges together. However, in many large reactor equipment, a flange often has a large number of bolts. If loose bolts are detected in the flange during equipment operation, failure to locate the loose bolts in a timely manner will pose a huge safety hazard.

[0003] Currently, bolt loosening is typically detected through manual, periodic inspections. However, this method is subject to significant human influence, resulting in missed inspections or errors, leading to low accuracy in detecting loose bolts. Furthermore, manual inspections require personnel to travel to the site and make extensive preparations beforehand, resulting in low detection efficiency. Furthermore, periodic inspections can lead to untimely detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device and storage medium for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, which are mainly capable of improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of loose flange bolts of reactor equipment and ensuring the timeliness of detection.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment is provided, comprising:

[0006] In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states are obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees;

[0007] Utilizing the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal, exciting the detection guided wave signal to a first position of the target flange, and utilizing the signal conversion device to receive a return guided wave signal reflected from a second position of the target flange;

[0008] Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose;

[0009] If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0010] Optionally, the signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, wherein the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt;

[0011] The method comprises: receiving the detection electrical signal by the signal conversion device, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receiving a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange by the signal conversion device.

[0012] Utilizing the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and utilizing the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal;

[0013] The first piezoelectric sensor is used to excite the detection guided wave signal to the target flange, and the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange.

[0014] Optionally, judging whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes:

[0015] Determining reference loosening characteristic values ​​of the reference bolt in different loosening states based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal;

[0016] Determining a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the returned guided wave signal and the reference guided wave signal;

[0017] The looseness characteristic value to be detected is matched with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0018] Optionally, determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function includes:

[0019] Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain an energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain a relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected;

[0020] Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each looseness degree and taking the absolute value to obtain a loose waveguide signal energy difference, and dividing each loose waveguide signal energy difference by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain a loose waveguide energy relative amplitude change;

[0021] Matching the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determining the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result;

[0022] Based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0023] Optionally, before determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function, the method further includes:

[0024] Acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes a plurality of sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals including a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loosening positions and different loosening degrees of a sample bolt on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolt is not loosened;

[0025] Determining relative amplitude changes of sample guided wave energies of the sample bolts at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees based on each of the sample loose guided wave signals and the sample reference guided wave signal;

[0026] Based on the respective loose positions, the respective loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the respective loose positions and the respective loose degrees, the preset bolt loose position information reference function is constructed.

[0027] Optionally, before determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, the method further includes:

[0028] Determining signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal;

[0029] Determine a filter based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal;

[0030] determining a signal amplification coefficient of the filtered return waveguide signal based on the signal amplitude of the filtered return waveguide signal and output signal requirement information, and amplifying the filtered return waveguide signal using the low-noise amplification device based on the signal amplification coefficient to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal;

[0031] determining phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation, filtering, and amplification processes, and performing phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal based on the phase change information to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal;

[0032] A program-controlled amplifier is used to amplify the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal, and the return waveguide signal after the amplitude amplification is differentially converted to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal;

[0033] The determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes:

[0034] Based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0035] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0036] If the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, a detection guided wave signal is transmitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and a return guided wave signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection guided wave signal is received;

[0037] Determine the looseness detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal;

[0038] Based on the looseness detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is determined. If the number of looseness is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is loosened and located. Otherwise, positioning of the bolt to be detected is prohibited.

[0039] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment, comprising:

[0040] an acquisition unit, configured to respond to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time using an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, and acquire a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state, and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein attribute information of the reference flange is the same as attribute information of the target flange, attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as attribute information of the bolt to be detected, distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees;

[0041] a receiving unit, configured to receive the detection electrical signal using the signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal, excite the detection guided wave signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive a return guided wave signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device;

[0042] a judgment unit, configured to judge whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal;

[0043] A determination unit is used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

[0044] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method for detecting loosening of flange bolts of reactor equipment.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned method for detecting loose flange bolts of a reactor device when executing the program.

[0046] According to a method, device and storage medium for detecting loose bolts of reactor equipment provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of performing bolt loosening inspection by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be inspected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange is received. At the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loose waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loose states is obtained. Then, a reference waveguide signal is generated based on the detection waveguide signal. Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loosening position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a flange bolt positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the working conditions of a bolt in a normal state and in different loose states provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a flange bolt positioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0052] Figure 5 A flow chart of another method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting loose flange bolts of a reactor device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0056] At present, the method of checking for loose bolts through manual regular inspections is greatly affected by human subjective factors, and may result in missed inspections or inspection errors. At the same time, the manual inspection method also requires staff to go to the site and make a lot of preparations in advance, resulting in low efficiency in detecting loose bolts. In addition, the regular inspection method may lead to the problem of untimely detection.

[0057] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0058] 101. In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states is obtained.

[0059] Among them, the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange (that is, the flange geometric dimensions, material and other information of the reference flange are the same as the geometric dimensions, material and other information of the target flange), the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected (that is, the geometric dimensions, material, quantity information of the reference bolt is the same as the geometric dimensions, material, quantity and other information of the bolt to be detected), the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees, and different loosening degrees are achieved through different preload forces.

[0060] For the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention realizes the loosening detection of bolts and the positioning of loose bolts through the flange bolt positioning system, such as Figure 2As shown, the flange bolt positioning system includes an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device (ultrasonic guided wave positioning system), a signal conversion device, and a computing device (computer), wherein the signal conversion device further includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor. The ultrasonic guided wave positioning device and the signal conversion device are connected via a BNC (Bayonet Nut Connector) shielded cable, and the BNC and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device are connected via an aviation plug interface, which is used to send a detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time and receive a return waveguide signal returned by the signal conversion device, and determine the loosening information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange based on the return waveguide signal; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal sent by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, and excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; the computing device and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device are connected via wifi or a network cable, and the network cable connection is realized through a network interface, and the ultrasonic guided wave positioning system is continuously powered by a power supply interface. It is used to control the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device to transmit the detection electrical signal and display the loosening information of the bolt to be detected. Specifically, during installation, a plurality of bolts are installed between the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor. Figure 2 Taking the installation of four bolts as an example, the remaining bolts are similar. The first piezoelectric sensor array is responsible for converting the electrical signal output by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning system into an ultrasonic guided wave signal for excitation. After the excited guided wave signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, it is reflected by the target flange as a return guided wave signal. The second piezoelectric sensor receives the return guided wave signal and sends it to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. The ultrasonic guided wave positioning device mainly implements the excitation control and acquisition processing of the return guided wave signal, performs positioning analysis on the collected signal, and outputs it to the computing device for display. The computing device is used for human-computer interaction, data management, and remote upgrades of the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. The first and second piezoelectric sensors are connected to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device using an anti-interference BNC shielded cable. The ultrasonic guided wave positioning device and the computing device are connected using a network cable or Wi-Fi.

[0061] Further, for example, Figure 3 As shown, different loose positions and degrees of looseness of the reference bolt are shown, as well as the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal. Figure 3In the figure, A(F) represents the guided wave signal excited by the first piezoelectric sensor toward the reference flange. T1, T2, T3, and T4 represent bolt positions. A(F0) represents the returned guided wave signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when all bolts at each position on the reference flange are intact. A(F1) represents the returned guided wave signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolt at position T1 on the reference flange is loose. A(F2) represents the returned guided wave signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolt at position T2 on the reference flange is loose. A(F3) represents the returned guided wave signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolt at position T3 on the reference flange is loose. A(F4) represents the returned guided wave signal received by the second piezoelectric sensor when the bolt at position T4 on the reference flange is loose. When all reference bolts on the reference flange are intact, a guided wave signal is emitted toward a certain position on the reference flange. After the guided wave signal propagates along the reference flange for a period of time, a reference guided wave signal reflected from another position on the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolt at the first position on the reference flange is loosened to the first degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolt at the second position on the reference flange is loosened to the first degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. By analogy, loosening waveguide signals can be obtained when bolts at different positions are loosened. In addition, it is set that the bolt at the first position on the reference flange is loosened to the second degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. At the same time, it is set that the bolt at the second position on the reference flange is loosened to the second degree, and the other bolts are not loosened. At this time, a waveguide signal is emitted to a certain position of the reference flange. After the waveguide signal propagates on the reference flange for a period of time, the loosening waveguide signal reflected from another position of the reference flange is received. By analogy, the loosening waveguide signals corresponding to bolts with different degrees of looseness at the same position can be obtained.Afterwards, the amplitude transformation of the return waveguide signal of the bolt to be detected is compared with the amplitude change of the loose waveguide signal to obtain the looseness and loose position of the bolt to be detected. Thus, the waveguide signal is obtained in real time through the piezoelectric sensor and the ultrasonic waveguide positioning. The waveguide signal received in the flange structure is pre-processed and compared with the reference signal and the loose signal to determine the looseness and loose position of the bolt, thereby improving the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the loose bolt. Through real-time detection, the timeliness of the detection of the loose bolt can be guaranteed, and the safe operation of the key equipment of the reactor can be guaranteed. It should be noted that the above examples are only illustrative and do not specifically limit the embodiments of the present invention, and the waveguide signal emitted each time should be the same.

[0062] 102. Receive the detection electrical signal using a signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device.

[0063] The first position and the second position are set according to actual needs. The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the selection of the first position and the second position. For the embodiment of the present invention, the overall hardware structure of the flange bolt positioning system is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the hardware system adopts an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) + MCU (Microcontroller Unit) system architecture, in which the FPGA is the main controller for data processing and the MCU is the main controller for module interaction and communication. The MCU directly controls the FPGA and the function configuration module. The function configuration module decodes and distributes the received waveguide signal and then outputs the configuration information to the channel selection module, waveguide receiving module, and waveguide receiving module respectively. The MCU stores the default configuration information internally and can also receive configuration information transmitted by the computing device via Ethernet or Wi-Fi. DDR3 (Double-Data-Rate Three Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) is responsible for storing the FPGA data. The excitation and acquisition of the waveguide signal are both controlled by the FPGA. The FPGA has a built-in positioning processing algorithm, which can store the processing results offline or exchange data with the MCU and upload them to the computing device through the MCU. Specifically, the FPGA controls the excitation of the waveguide signal and the collection of the return waveguide signal from the flange. After receiving the return waveguide signal, the FPGA detects the looseness of the bolt based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, and uploads the detection results to the computing device through the MCU for display.

[0064] Most flange bolt positioning systems are deployed in relatively harsh environments. In such environments, system disassembly is difficult and there are certain safety risks. Therefore, it is necessary to implement online software upgrades during the version iteration process. Software upgrades mainly include two parts: MCU and FPGA, and online software remote upgrade technology upgrades them separately. Among them, the MCU upgrade program is downloaded to the built-in Flash (a type of memory), and the FPGA upgrade program is downloaded to the external Flash through the MCU. The upgrade program only requires developers to develop remotely, and then package and encrypt them separately, and then download them to the specified location through the network port. In the positioning monitoring of loose flange bolts of key reactor equipment, the embodiment of the present invention takes the proposed bolt loosening positioning method as the theoretical basis and develops a key equipment flange bolt loosening positioning system based on guided waves. A piezoelectric sensor array is used to realize the positioning measurement of loose bolts. The system adopts the MCU+FPGA architecture, which not only realizes the separation of system control and data processing, but also can remotely update and upgrade the system. The system also designs a high-performance guided wave extraction hardware structure to achieve high-precision acquisition of guided waves.

[0065] 103. Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determine whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose.

[0066] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the return waveguide signal is analyzed based on the reference waveguide signal, and the characteristic value to be detected in the return waveguide signal is extracted according to the analysis result. The loosening waveguide signal is analyzed based on the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening characteristic value in the loosening waveguide signal is extracted according to the analysis result. Finally, according to the characteristic value to be detected and the loosening characteristic value, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If loose, the loose position is located. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing online real-time positioning of loose bolts of key reactor equipment without manual participation, thereby improving the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of bolt loosening, and providing a guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0067] 104. If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the returned guided wave signal, the reference guided wave signal, and the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, when a bolt to be detected on a target flange becomes loose, in order to pre-tighten the bolt to be detected, it is necessary to accurately determine the position information of the loose bolt. Specifically, the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal can be substituted into a pre-constructed preset bolt loose position information reference function and the preset bolt loose position information reference function can be solved to obtain the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange. The embodiment of the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of loose bolts in key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy, and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing a guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0069] According to a method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of performing bolt loosening inspection by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be inspected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, a return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange is received. At the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in a tightened state of a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in different loose states of the reference bolt are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, a loose waveguide signal is detected. The invention uses the waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If it is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0070] Furthermore, in order to better illustrate the process of positioning the flange bolts of the reactor equipment, as a refinement and expansion of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention provides another method for detecting loose flange bolts of the reactor equipment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method includes:

[0071] 201. In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states is obtained.

[0072] Specifically, the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device integrates ultrasonic guided wave modulation, excitation, acquisition, and processing into a high-performance system device. The connection between the device and the sensor is in the form of an aviation plug, and a BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman, coaxial cable) line is used to transmit signals to the sensor array. The positioning system outputs a modulated waveform in the form of voltage and converts the electrical signal into mechanical vibration through the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric piece to achieve the excitation of the guided wave. Other sensors can convert electrical signals into guided wave signals through the inverse piezoelectric effect and transmit them to the positioning system to achieve the collection of guided wave signals. The collected guided wave signals are passed through the system's built-in positioning algorithm to achieve positioning monitoring of loose bolts on the flanges of key reactor equipment.

[0073] 202. Receive the detection electrical signal using a signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device.

[0074] The signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt, the first piezoelectric sensor can be set near the first position, and the second piezoelectric sensor can be set near the second position.

[0075] For an embodiment of the present invention, in order to transmit and receive the waveguide signal, step 202 specifically includes: using the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and using the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal; using the first piezoelectric sensor to excite the detection waveguide signal to the target flange, and using the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the target flange.

[0076] Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to two piezoelectric sensors, but can also include more than two piezoelectric sensors, with a preset number of bolts to be detected distributed between each piezoelectric sensor. The first piezoelectric sensor near the first position is used to receive the detection electrical signal emitted by the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device and convert the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal. The first piezoelectric sensor then excites the detection guided wave signal to the target flange, allowing the detection guided wave signal to be transmitted on the target flange. When the detection guided wave signal is transmitted to the second piezoelectric sensor, the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange. Finally, the return guided wave signal is analyzed to detect the looseness of the bolts to be detected on the target flange.

[0077] Furthermore, after determining the return waveguide signal, it is also necessary to preprocess the return waveguide signal. Based on this, the method includes: determining the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; determining a filter based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, and using the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; determining the signal amplification factor of the filtered return waveguide signal based on the signal amplitude and output signal requirement information of the filtered return waveguide signal, and based on the signal amplification coefficient, using the low-noise amplifying device to amplify the filtered return waveguide signal to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal; determining the phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation filtering and amplification processing, and based on the phase change information, performing phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; using the programmable amplifying device to amplify the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal, and performing differential conversion on the return waveguide signal after amplitude amplification to obtain the preprocessed return waveguide signal.

[0078] Among them, the signal attribute information includes the frequency range, bandwidth, main frequency, noise level, signal amplitude, phase, etc. of the return waveguide signal; the filtering requirement information includes: filtering purpose, expected filtering effect, real-time filtering requirements, etc.; the output signal requirement information includes: expected signal amplitude range, such as the dynamic range of the return waveguide signal, expected signal-to-noise ratio, expected distortion, etc.

[0079] Specifically, the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal are used to select a suitable filter. For example, if the high-frequency noise in the return waveguide signal needs to be removed, or the signal needs to be smoothed, a low-pass filter can be selected; if the low-frequency noise in the return waveguide signal needs to be removed, or the high-frequency signal needs to be emphasized, a high-pass filter can be selected; if it is necessary to extract a useful signal within a specific frequency range from the return waveguide signal, a band-pass filter can be selected; if it is necessary to remove the noise within a specific frequency range in the return waveguide signal, a band-stop filter can be selected. If the filtering requirement information of an embodiment of the present invention includes filtering out the DC component in the signal, then according to the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, a high-pass filter can be selected. Since the high-pass filter allows signals above a certain cutoff frequency to pass, while signals below the frequency (including the DC component) are attenuated, the cutoff frequency (Cutoff Frequency) of the high-pass filter is the frequency point at which the filter begins to significantly attenuate the low-frequency signal (including the DC component). For applications that remove DC components, the cutoff frequency should be set as low as possible, but the low-frequency useful components in the signal must also be taken into account to avoid unnecessary signal loss. Finally, based on the cutoff frequency, a high-pass filter is used to isolate and filter the return waveguide signal to obtain a filtered return waveguide signal. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention selects a suitable filter to filter the signal based on the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal, which can improve the filtering effect of the signal. At the same time, the embodiment of the present invention can remove the interference components in the signal by isolating and filtering the return waveguide signal, making the processed signal purer, helping to reduce noise, stray signals and other unnecessary frequency components in the signal, thereby improving the clarity and accuracy of the signal, and thus improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of bolt loosening.

[0080] Furthermore, first, a suitable measuring device (such as an oscilloscope or a voltmeter) is used to measure the amplitude of the returned waveguide signal after filtering. The amplitude value will be used as a reference for determining the amplification factor, and the required signal amplitude range is determined. According to the amplitude of the filtered signal and the required signal amplitude in the output signal requirement, the signal amplification factor is calculated. Specifically, the ratio of the required signal amplitude to the amplitude of the filtered signal can be determined as the signal amplification factor. After that, the returned waveguide signal is amplified using a low-noise amplifier. In another embodiment of the present invention, the signal can also be directly amplified by a low-noise amplifier. By amplifying the returned waveguide signal, the embodiment of the present invention can ensure that the signal is not attenuated or lost during the transmission process, so that the signal maintains sufficient strength during the transmission process to be correctly received by the receiving end.

[0081] Furthermore, because the return waveguide signal will experience phase distortion during the isolation, filtering, and amplification processes, a phase compensator is required to compensate for the phase of the return waveguide signal. A programmable amplifier is then used to amplify the return waveguide signal to an appropriate amplitude and convert it into a differential signal to reduce high-frequency signal crosstalk and improve the common-mode rejection ratio. Finally, a multi-stage filter is used to retain signals in a specific frequency band to obtain the preprocessed return waveguide signal. Finally, based on the preprocessed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolts to be tested installed on the target flange are loose. For the embodiments of the present invention, during the transmission process of the return waveguide signal, the phase of the signal may change or shift due to the influence of various factors (such as transmission medium, transmission distance, equipment characteristics, etc.). Phase compensation can correct this phase shift to ensure accurate transmission of the signal; at the same time, since the programmable amplifier adopts digital control technology, it can achieve high-precision control of the amplification factor and output power. Therefore, the programmable amplifier is used to perform program-controlled amplification of the signal, and the amplification of the waveguide signal can be very precise, avoiding the gain drift and error that may exist in traditional amplifiers, thereby improving the accuracy of signal processing; at the same time, the embodiments of the present invention can improve the signal's anti-interference ability and enhance the signal transmission quality by performing differential conversion on the signal. The differential signal can achieve a higher data transmission rate, thereby improving the efficiency of detecting loose bolts.

[0082] 203. Based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal, determine the reference loosening characteristic value of the reference bolt under different loosening states.

[0083] Among them, different loosening states include: different loosening positions and different loosening degrees.

[0084] Specifically, the reference looseness characteristic value ΔE under different looseness states i is calculated according to the following formula: ci :

[0085] ΔE ci =A j (F)-A c (F i )A j (F)

[0086] Among them, A j (F) is the reference waveguide signal, A c (F i ) is the loose waveguide signal corresponding to the i-th loose state. Thus, the reference loose characteristic values ​​under different loose states can be calculated according to the above method.

[0087] 204. Determine a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the returned guided wave signal and the reference guided wave signal.

[0088] Specifically, the looseness characteristic value ΔE of the bolt to be detected is calculated according to the following formula: Di :

[0089] ΔE Di =A j (F)-A D (F)A j (F)

[0090] Among them, A D (F) is the return waveguide signal, A j (F) is the reference waveguide signal.

[0091] 205. Match the looseness characteristic value to be detected with each reference looseness characteristic value, and based on the matching result, determine whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0092] Specifically, the loose characteristic value to be detected is matched with each reference loose characteristic value. If a target reference loose characteristic value similar to the loose characteristic value to be detected is matched in each reference loose characteristic value, it can be determined that the bolt to be detected on the target flange is loose. If a target reference loose characteristic value similar to the loose characteristic value to be detected is not matched in each reference loose characteristic value, it is determined whether the signal energy difference between the return waveguide signal and the reference waveguide signal is less than a preset threshold value (a numerical value set according to data requirements). If it is less than the preset threshold value, it is determined that the bolt to be detected on the target flange is not loose. The embodiment of the present invention performs feature extraction on the measured return waveguide signal and the loose waveguide signal, and analyzes the feature extraction results of the two waveguide signals to determine the bolt loosening information, which can avoid the time wasted by manual periodic detection and the detection errors, so that the embodiment of the present invention can improve the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the bolt loosening situation.

[0093] Furthermore, when the first waveguide signal is excited to determine whether the bolt to be detected is loose, in order to enhance the accuracy of judging whether the bolt is loose, it is also necessary to excite the waveguide signal multiple times in a short period of time, and finally judge whether the bolt to be detected is loose based on the results of multiple signal excitations. Based on this, the method includes: if the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, the detection waveguide signal is emitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and the return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal is received; based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, the loosening detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each return waveguide signal is determined; based on each of the loosening detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is determined. If the number of loosening is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is located, otherwise the positioning of the bolt to be detected is prohibited.

[0094] Among them, the preset threshold is a value set according to actual needs. Specifically, after the first excitation of the guided wave signal to determine that the bolt to be detected is loose, within the preset time (the time range set according to actual needs), the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is controlled to transmit electrical signals to the first piezoelectric sensor multiple times. The first piezoelectric sensor converts the transmitted electrical signal each time into a guided wave signal, and excites the guided wave signal obtained each time to the target flange, and uses the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange each time, and transmits the return guided wave signal reflected each time to the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device. For each return guided wave signal received, the number of bolts to be detected is calculated. Whether the bolt is loose or not, if the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is greater than the preset threshold, then the bolt to be detected is finally determined to be loose. For example, if the waveguide signal is excited 10 times within the preset time, and 9 of the waveguide signals determine that the bolt to be detected is loose, when the preset threshold is 8, then the bolt to be detected can be determined to be loose. If the waveguide signal determines that the bolt to be detected is loose 5 times, then it cannot be determined that the bolt to be detected is loose. At this time, it is necessary to continue to excite the waveguide signal on the target flange and determine whether the bolt to be detected is loose based on the subsequent excited waveguide signal. Furthermore, if the bolt to be detected is loose, in order to repair the loose bolt, it is also necessary to locate the loose bolt, so as to achieve fast and accurate bolt pre-tightening and ensure the stable operation of the nuclear reactor equipment.

[0095] 206. If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the returned guided wave signal, the reference guided wave signal, and the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0096] For an embodiment of the present invention, in order to determine the loose position of the bolt to be detected, it is necessary to pre-construct a preset bolt loose position information reference function. Based on this, the method includes: obtaining a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes multiple sample loosening waveguide signals, each of the sample loosening waveguide signals includes a sample loosening waveguide signal reflected by the sample flange at different loose positions and different loose degrees of the sample bolt on the sample flange, and a sample reference waveguide signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolt is not loose; based on each of the sample loosening waveguide signals and the sample reference waveguide signal, determining the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy of the sample bolt at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees; based on each of the loose positions, each of the loose degrees, and the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees, constructing the preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0097] Among them, different degrees of looseness are achieved through pre-tightening force; the sample loosening guided wave signals cover the loosening guided wave signals under various numbers of loose bolts, various loosening positions, and various loosening degrees.

[0098] Specifically, first, under the same looseness degree, the sample bolts at different positions are loosened respectively, and the energy of the reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at each position without loosening is subtracted from the energy of the return guided wave signal of the loosened sample bolts at different positions and the absolute value is taken, and the absolute value is divided by the energy of the reference guided wave signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy of the loosened sample bolts at different positions. Then, different pre-tightening forces are applied to the loosened sample bolts as different looseness degrees. At this time, the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy under different looseness degrees is calculated according to the above method, and the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy of the loosened sample bolts at different positions and the relative amplitude change of the sample guided wave energy under different looseness degrees are combined into a reference matrix. According to the reference matrix, the functional relationship between the looseness degree, the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy, and the loose position is determined, that is, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is determined as follows:

[0099] ΔE=f t (F,T r )

[0100] Among them, ΔE is the relative amplitude change of guided wave energy, F is the degree of looseness, T r is the loose position, f t It is a preset benchmark function for bolt loosening position information.

[0101] Furthermore, after constructing the preset bolt loosening position information reference function, it is necessary to determine the loose position of the loose bolt to be detected according to the preset bolt loosening position information reference function. Based on this, step 206 specifically includes: subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected; respectively dividing the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal with the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each of the looseness degrees The energies are subtracted and the absolute values ​​are taken to obtain the energy difference of the loosening waveguide signal, and the energy difference of each loosening waveguide signal is divided by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loosening waveguide energy; the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected is matched with the relative amplitude change of each loosening waveguide energy, and based on the matching result, the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected is determined; based on the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0102] Specifically, in order to determine the loose position of the loose bolt to be detected, it is first necessary to determine the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected. Based on this, the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected of the bolt to be detected is first determined. At the same time, different looseness degrees are set for the reference bolt on the reference flange through pre-tightening force, and the guided wave signal is excited to the reference flange and the reference return guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange is received. According to the reference return guided wave signal under different looseness degrees and the reference guided wave signal reflected by the flange when the bolt is loose, the relative amplitude change of the loose guided wave energy under different looseness degrees is determined. Then, the target loose guided wave energy relative amplitude change similar to the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected is matched in each loose guided wave energy relative amplitude change, and the bolt looseness degree corresponding to the target loose guided wave energy relative amplitude change is determined as the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected. Then, the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected and the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected are entered into the above-mentioned preset bolt loose position information reference function for solution, so as to obtain the loose position of the bolt to be detected in the target flange. Then, based on the loose position, an early warning notification is generated and sent to the maintenance terminal through the preset communication tool interface, so that the operation and maintenance personnel at the maintenance terminal can pre-tighten the loose bolts according to the loose position in the early warning notification, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the nuclear reactor equipment.

[0103] According to another method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by the present invention, compared with the current method of performing bolt loosening inspection by manual periodic inspection, the present invention transmits a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange where the bolt to be inspected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates on the target flange for a period of time, the return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange is received. At the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in a tightened state of the reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loose waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in different loose states of the reference bolt are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, a reference waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in a tightened state and a loose waveguide signal reflected by the reference flange in different loose states are obtained. The waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal are used to determine whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the preset bolt loose position information reference function. Therefore, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of loose bolts in key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy, and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing a guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0104] Further, as Figure 1 In a specific implementation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for detecting loose flange bolts of a reactor device, such as Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: an acquisition unit 31, a receiving unit 32, a judgment unit 33, and a determination unit 34.

[0105] The acquisition unit 31 can be used to respond to the loosening detection signal of the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange in the reactor equipment, use the ultrasonic guided wave positioning device to send the detection electrical signal to the signal conversion device in real time, and obtain the reference guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and the loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees.

[0106] The receiving unit 32 can be used to use the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, and excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange.

[0107] The judgment unit 33 may be configured to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal.

[0108] The determination unit 34 can be used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

[0109] In a specific application scenario, the signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, and the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt. In order to receive the return waveguide signal, the receiving unit 32 includes a conversion module 321 and a receiving module 322.

[0110] The conversion module 321 can be used to receive the detection electrical signal using the first piezoelectric sensor, and convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal using the first piezoelectric sensor.

[0111] The receiving module 322 can be used to use the first piezoelectric sensor to excite the detection guided wave signal to the target flange, and use the second piezoelectric sensor to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange.

[0112] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine whether the bolts to be detected installed on the target flange are loose, the determination unit 33 includes a determination module 331 and a first matching module 332 .

[0113] The determination module 331 may be configured to determine reference loosening characteristic values ​​of the reference bolt in different loosening states based on the reference guided wave signal and the loosening guided wave signal.

[0114] The determination module 331 may also be configured to determine a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the returned guided wave signal and the reference guided wave signal.

[0115] The first matching module 332 may be configured to match the looseness characteristic value to be detected with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, determine whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

[0116] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange, the determination unit 34 includes a subtraction module 341 , a second matching module 342 , and a solution module 343 .

[0117] The subtraction module 341 can be used to subtract the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and take the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and divide the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected.

[0118] The subtraction module 341 can also be used to subtract the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each looseness degree and take the absolute value to obtain the energy difference of the loose waveguide signal, and divide the energy difference of each loose waveguide signal by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain the relative amplitude change of the loose waveguide energy.

[0119] The second matching module 342 can be used to match the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determine the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result.

[0120] The solution module 343 can be used to solve the preset bolt loosening position information reference function based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, so as to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

[0121] In a specific application scenario, in order to construct a preset bolt loosening position information reference function, the device further includes a construction unit 35 .

[0122] The acquisition unit 31 can also be used to acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes multiple sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals includes a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loosening positions and different loosening degrees of the sample bolt on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolt is not loose.

[0123] The determining unit 34 may also be configured to determine relative amplitude changes of sample guided wave energies of the sample bolts at each loosening position and each loosening degree based on each sample loosening guided wave signal and the sample reference guided wave signal.

[0124] The construction unit 35 can be used to construct the preset bolt loose position information reference function based on the respective loose positions, the respective loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the respective loose positions and the respective loose degrees.

[0125] In a specific application scenario, in order to pre-process the return waveguide signal, the device further includes a pre-processing unit 36, which can be specifically used to determine the signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, determine a filter, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; based on the signal amplitude of the filtered return waveguide signal and the output signal requirement information, determine the signal amplification coefficient of the filtered return waveguide signal, and ... amplification coefficient of the filtered return waveguide signal, Based on the signal amplification coefficient, the filtered return waveguide signal is amplified by the low-noise amplifying device to obtain the amplified return waveguide signal; the phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation filtering and amplification processing is determined, and based on the phase change information, the amplified return waveguide signal is phase compensated to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; the compensated return waveguide signal is amplified by the programmable amplifying device, and the return waveguide signal with the amplified amplitude is differentially converted to obtain the preprocessed return waveguide signal.

[0126] The judgment unit 33 may also be configured to judge whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal.

[0127] In a specific application scenario, in order to determine whether the bolt to be detected needs to be loosened and positioned, the receiving unit 32 can also be used to transmit a detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange multiple times if the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, and receive the return waveguide signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection waveguide signal.

[0128] The determination unit 34 may also be configured to determine a looseness detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals based on the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal.

[0129] The determination unit 34 can also be used to determine the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose based on each of the loose detection results. If the number of loosening is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is located; otherwise, the bolt to be detected is prohibited from being located.

[0130] It should be noted that for other corresponding descriptions of the functional modules involved in the detection device for loosening flange bolts of reactor equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention, reference can be made to Figure 1 The corresponding description of the method shown will not be repeated here.

[0131] Based on the above Figure 1 The method shown, accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the following steps when executed by a processor: in response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, using an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and obtaining a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, and the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange. The distribution information of the detection bolts on the target flange is the same, and the different loose states include different loose positions and different loose degrees; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose; if the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

[0132] Based on the above Figure 1 The method shown and Figure 6 The embodiment of the device shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a physical structure diagram of a computer device, such as Figure 7As shown, the computer device includes: a processor 41, a memory 42, and a computer program stored in the memory 42 and executable on the processor, wherein the memory 42 and the processor 41 are both arranged on a bus 43, and when the processor 41 executes the program, the following steps are implemented: in response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on a reference flange is tightened and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states is obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, and the reference bolt is in a state of being tightened. The distribution information on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees; the signal conversion device is used to receive the detection electrical signal, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, excite the detection waveguide signal to the first position of the target flange, and use the signal conversion device to receive the return waveguide signal reflected from the second position of the target flange; based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is judged whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose; if the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loosening position information reference function.

[0133] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a detection waveguide signal is emitted to a first position of a target flange where a bolt to be detected is installed. After the detection waveguide signal propagates for a period of time on the target flange, a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange is received. At the same time, a reference waveguide signal reflected from a reference flange in a tightened state by a reference bolt installed on the reference flange and a loosening waveguide signal reflected from a reference flange in different loosening states are obtained. Then, based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose. If loose, the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loosening position information reference function. Thus, the present invention uses the waveguide signal as a carrier to perform corresponding signal processing and comparison on different bolt loosening signals, thereby realizing real-time online detection and real-time positioning of bolt loosening of key reactor equipment, improving the detection efficiency, detection accuracy, and detection timeliness of bolt loosening, and providing a guarantee for the safe operation of reactor equipment.

[0134] Obviously, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computing device, centralized on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they can be implemented using program code executable by a computing device, which can then be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than that shown, or can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0135] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, characterized in that: include: In response to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device is used to send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time, and a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states are obtained, wherein the attribute information of the reference flange is the same as the attribute information of the target flange, the attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as the attribute information of the bolt to be detected, the distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as the distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees; Utilizing the signal conversion device to receive the detection electrical signal, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal, exciting the detection guided wave signal to a first position of the target flange, and utilizing the signal conversion device to receive a return guided wave signal reflected from a second position of the target flange; Based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose; If the bolt to be detected is loose, the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange is determined based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal conversion device includes a first piezoelectric sensor and a second piezoelectric sensor, wherein the first piezoelectric sensor and the second piezoelectric sensor are separated by at least one bolt; The method comprises: receiving the detection electrical signal by the signal conversion device, converting the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal, exciting the detection waveguide signal to a first position of the target flange, and receiving a return waveguide signal reflected from a second position of the target flange by the signal conversion device. Utilizing the first piezoelectric sensor to receive the detection electrical signal, and utilizing the first piezoelectric sensor to convert the detection electrical signal into a detection waveguide signal; The first piezoelectric sensor is used to excite the detection guided wave signal to the target flange, and the second piezoelectric sensor is used to receive the return guided wave signal reflected by the target flange.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes: Determining reference loosening characteristic values ​​of the reference bolt in different loosening states based on the reference waveguide signal and the loosening waveguide signal; Determining a looseness characteristic value of the bolt to be detected based on the returned guided wave signal and the reference guided wave signal; The looseness characteristic value to be detected is matched with each of the reference looseness characteristic values, and based on the matching result, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function includes: Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the return waveguide signal and taking the absolute value to obtain an energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected, and dividing the energy difference of the waveguide signal to be detected by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain a relative amplitude change of the waveguide energy to be detected; Subtracting the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal from the signal energy of the loose waveguide signal under each looseness degree and taking the absolute value to obtain a loose waveguide signal energy difference, and dividing each loose waveguide signal energy difference by the signal energy of the reference waveguide signal to obtain a loose waveguide energy relative amplitude change; Matching the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected with the relative amplitude change of each loose guided wave energy, and determining the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected based on the matching result; Based on the relative amplitude change of the guided wave energy to be detected and the looseness degree of the bolt to be detected, the preset bolt loosening position information reference function is solved to obtain the loosening position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before determining the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the returned waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function, the method further includes: Acquire a sample data set, wherein the sample data set includes a plurality of sample loosening guided wave signals, each of the sample loosening guided wave signals including a sample loosening guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange at different loosening positions and different loosening degrees of a sample bolt on the sample flange, and a sample reference guided wave signal reflected by the sample flange when the sample bolt is not loosened; Determining relative amplitude changes of sample guided wave energies of the sample bolts at each of the loose positions and each of the loose degrees based on each of the sample loose guided wave signals and the sample reference guided wave signal; Based on the respective loose positions, the respective loose degrees, and the relative amplitude changes of the sample guided wave energies at the respective loose positions and the respective loose degrees, the preset bolt loose position information reference function is constructed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal, the method further includes: Determining signal attribute information and filtering requirement information of the return waveguide signal; Determine a filter based on the signal attribute information and the filtering requirement information, and use the filter to isolate and filter the DC component in the return waveguide signal to obtain the filtered return waveguide signal; determining a signal amplification coefficient of the filtered return waveguide signal based on the signal amplitude of the filtered return waveguide signal and output signal requirement information, and amplifying the filtered return waveguide signal using a low-noise amplifier based on the signal amplification coefficient to obtain an amplified return waveguide signal; determining phase change information of the amplified return waveguide signal during the isolation, filtering, and amplification processes, and performing phase compensation on the amplified return waveguide signal based on the phase change information to obtain the compensated return waveguide signal; A program-controlled amplifier is used to amplify the amplitude of the compensated return waveguide signal, and the return waveguide signal after the amplitude amplification is differentially converted to obtain the pre-processed return waveguide signal; The determining whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal includes: Based on the pre-processed return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal, it is determined whether the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: If the bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose, a detection guided wave signal is transmitted to the first position of the target flange multiple times, and a return guided wave signal reflected by the second position of the target flange for each detection guided wave signal is received; Determine the looseness detection result of the bolt to be detected corresponding to each of the return waveguide signals based on each of the return waveguide signals, the reference waveguide signal, and the loosening waveguide signal; Based on the looseness detection results, the number of times the bolt to be detected is loose is determined. If the number of looseness is greater than a preset threshold, the loose bolt to be detected is loosened and located. Otherwise, positioning of the bolt to be detected is prohibited.

8. A device for detecting loose flange bolts of reactor equipment, characterized in that: include: an acquisition unit, configured to respond to a loosening detection signal of a bolt to be detected installed on a target flange in a reactor device, send a detection electrical signal to a signal conversion device in real time using an ultrasonic guided wave positioning device, and acquire a reference guided wave signal reflected by a reference flange when a reference bolt installed on the reference flange is in a tightened state, and a loosening guided wave signal reflected by the reference flange when the reference bolt is in different loosening states, wherein attribute information of the reference flange is the same as attribute information of the target flange, attribute information of the reference bolt is the same as attribute information of the bolt to be detected, distribution information of the reference bolt on the reference flange is the same as distribution information of the bolt to be detected on the target flange, and the different loosening states include different loosening positions and different loosening degrees; a receiving unit, configured to receive the detection electrical signal using the signal conversion device, convert the detection electrical signal into a detection guided wave signal, excite the detection guided wave signal to a first position of the target flange, and receive a return guided wave signal reflected from a second position of the target flange using the signal conversion device; a judgment unit, configured to judge whether a bolt to be detected installed on the target flange is loose based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and the loose waveguide signal; A determination unit is used to determine the loose position information of the bolt to be detected in the target flange based on the return waveguide signal, the reference waveguide signal, and a preset bolt loose position information reference function if the bolt to be detected is loose.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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