Variable mach number spray pipe structure and wind tunnel test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamic test devices, in particular to a variable Mach number spray pipe structure and a wind tunnel test device.The structure comprises two side wall plates and two moving assemblies, the two side wall plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the two moving assemblies are arranged between the two side wall plates, and each moving assembly comprises an end face; the end faces of the two moving assemblies are oppositely arranged, an airflow channel is defined by the end faces of the two moving assemblies and the side wall plates, gaps are formed between the side ends of the moving assemblies and the side wall plates, and the sealing assemblies are arranged in the gaps; the sealing assembly comprises a main sealing piece, an auxiliary sealing piece and a cooling device, the auxiliary sealing piece and the main sealing piece are sequentially arranged in the gap in the direction away from the airflow channel, and the cooling device is arranged at the side end of the moving assembly and used for cooling gas in the gap. According to the technical scheme, under the high-temperature environment, the sealing assembly can still achieve the stable sealing effect, and the stability of the variable Mach number spray pipe in different Mach number ranges is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamic test devices, and in particular to a variable Mach number nozzle structure and a wind tunnel test device. Background Art

[0002] A wind tunnel is a pipe-shaped experimental device that artificially generates and controls airflow to simulate the flow of gas around an aircraft or entity, measure the effect of airflow on the entity and observe physical phenomena. It is one of the most commonly used and effective tools for conducting aerodynamic experiments. Supersonic wind tunnels are of great significance to the development of high-speed aircraft.

[0003] A wind tunnel that uses a variable Mach number nozzle can easily conduct tests at multiple Mach numbers, eliminating the need to build an independent wind tunnel laboratory for each Mach number. It is a wind tunnel test equipment with development prospects.

[0004] Among them, the variable Mach number nozzle is the key equipment for controlling the test Mach number. The variable Mach number nozzle is generally composed of two fixed side wall panels and an adjustable upper and lower wall panel in the middle. The high-temperature airflow enters from the nozzle inlet, passes through the gradually shrinking surface to reach the throat position, and then gradually expands to the outlet to reduce the pressure and increase the speed of the high-temperature airflow. By adjusting the position of the upper and lower wall panels to adjust the throat flow area, and adjusting the ratio of the throat to the outlet area, the purpose of adjusting the test Mach number can be achieved.

[0005] The air flow temperature in the hypersonic nozzle is relatively high, and can reach over a thousand degrees at a specific Mach number. It can be seen that how to achieve adjustable functions in a high-temperature environment and still meet the sealing requirements is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve at least the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a variable Mach number nozzle structure and a wind tunnel test device.

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a variable Mach number nozzle structure, comprising two side wall plates and two movable components, the two side wall plates are parallel and spaced apart, the two movable components are arranged between the two side wall plates, and the movable component comprises an end face, the end faces of the two movable components are arranged facing each other, and form an air flow channel with the side wall plates, and also comprises a sealing component, a gap is provided between the side end of the movable component and the side wall plate, and the sealing component is arranged in the gap; the sealing component comprises a main seal, an auxiliary seal and a cooling device, the auxiliary seal and the main seal are arranged in sequence in the gap along the direction away from the air flow channel, and the cooling device is arranged at the side end of the movable component for cooling the gas in the gap.

[0008] In some embodiments, the side end surface of the movable component is provided with a main sealing groove and an auxiliary sealing groove arranged along the length direction; the main seal is arranged in the main sealing groove, and the auxiliary seal is arranged in the auxiliary sealing groove, and the main seal and the auxiliary seal protrude from the main sealing groove and the auxiliary sealing groove respectively, and abut against the side wall plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sealing assembly includes at least two auxiliary seals; and a plurality of auxiliary seals are disposed in the gap between the main seal and the airflow channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of the auxiliary seals are arranged in parallel and at intervals; and the auxiliary seals adjacent to the main seal are arranged in parallel and at intervals from the main seal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the main seal comprises a fluororubber seal strip; the auxiliary seal comprises a packing seal strip or an elastic composite seal strip.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cooling device includes a first cooling channel; a plurality of parallel and spaced first cooling channels are arranged at the side end of the moving component along the height direction of the gap.

[0013] In some embodiments, the number of the first cooling channels is not less than the number of the main seal and the auxiliary seal; at least one first cooling channel is provided on a side of the main seal or the auxiliary seal close to the air flow channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of second cooling channels which are parallel and spaced apart are provided in the side wall plate; the second cooling channels are used to cool the surface of the side wall plate and the gas in the gap.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of third cooling channels which are arranged in parallel and at intervals are provided in the moving component; the third cooling channels are used to cool the moving component including the end surface.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a wind tunnel test device, comprising the above-mentioned variable Mach number nozzle structure.

[0017] The present invention provides a variable Mach number nozzle structure and a wind tunnel test device, wherein the main seal and the auxiliary seal are arranged in the gap between the side end of the moving component and the side wall plate, wherein the auxiliary seal is arranged closer to the airflow channel, and the high-temperature airflow in the gap can be blocked and cooled by the auxiliary seal and the cooling device, and then the surrounding temperature at the main seal position is effectively reduced to a temperature that the main seal can tolerate, avoiding / reducing the influence of the high temperature environment on the main seal, thereby achieving a good sealing effect. The technical solution of the present invention can achieve a stable sealing effect in a high temperature environment, ensuring the stability of the variable Mach number nozzle in different Mach number ranges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which:

[0019] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0020] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a variable Mach number nozzle structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A partially enlarged view of the variable Mach number nozzle structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 10: side wall plate; 20: moving component; 30: air flow channel; 40: sealing component;

[0024] 21: end face; 22: main sealing groove; 23: auxiliary sealing groove;

[0025] 41: main seal; 42: auxiliary seal; 43: cooling device; 431: first cooling channel; 432: second cooling channel; 433: third cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides a variable Mach number nozzle structure, including two side wall plates and two movable components, the two side wall plates are parallel and spaced apart, the two movable components are arranged between the two side wall plates, and the movable components include end faces, the end faces of the two movable components are arranged facing each other, and form an airflow channel with the side wall plates, the airflow passes through which is used to circulate high-temperature airflow, and the two movable components are used to adjust the channel size (flow area) of the airflow channel to adjust the ratio of the throat area to the outlet area, so as to achieve the adjustment of the test Mach number.

[0028] Specifically, the moving component includes a driving structure. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure and driving form of the driving structure. The two moving components can move toward each other or in opposite directions through the drive of the driving structure, and the movement of the moving components toward or in opposite directions can be linear movement or arc movement (rotation).

[0029] Since high-temperature air flows through the air flow channel, the high-temperature environment will affect the sealing effect of the sealing structure. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the temperature of the environment in which the sealing structure is located by providing a sealing component.

[0030] The components of the rotating shaft structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as well as the positional relationship and connection relationship of the components are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a gap is provided between the side end of the moving component 20 and the side wall plate 10, and the sealing component 40 is provided in the gap; no matter to which position the moving component 20 moves between the side wall plates 10, the sealing component 40 needs to effectively seal the gap, and this part of the sealing structure is the dynamic sealing structure.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present invention, the principle of dynamic sealing is: by setting up multiple sealing structures and cooling devices to block and cool the high-temperature airflow in the gap, so that the outer sealing element is in a tolerable temperature environment, thereby eliminating / reducing the impact of high temperature on the sealing element at this position, so that the sealing element can ensure a good sealing effect. Specifically:

[0033] The sealing assembly 40 includes a main seal 41, an auxiliary seal 42 and a cooling device 43. The auxiliary seal 42 and the main seal 41 are sequentially arranged in the gap in a direction away from the airflow channel 30. The cooling device 43 is arranged at the side end of the moving assembly 20 to cool the gas in the gap. The high-temperature airflow (gas) is blocked and cooled in the gap by the auxiliary seal 42 and the cooling device 43. After the temperature is lowered, the main seal 41 is placed in a tolerable environment.

[0034] For example, the sealing assembly 40 includes at least two auxiliary seals 42; a plurality of auxiliary seals 42 are arranged in the gap between the main seal 41 and the airflow channel 30. The plurality of auxiliary seals 42 can gradually block and cool the high-temperature airflow, thereby ensuring the temperature of the airflow reaching the main seal 41.

[0035] For example, as shown in the figure, the sealing assembly 40 includes two auxiliary seals 42. When the high-temperature airflow passes through the first auxiliary seal 42, the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature. Then, when passing through the second auxiliary seal 42, the temperature of the high-temperature airflow is reduced to a lower level to achieve the tolerable environment of the main seal 41.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the side end face 21 of the movable component 20 is provided with a main sealing groove 22 and an auxiliary sealing groove 23 arranged along the length direction; the main seal 41 is arranged in the main sealing groove 22, and the auxiliary seal 42 is arranged in the auxiliary sealing groove 23. The main seal 41 and the auxiliary seal 42 protrude from the main sealing groove 22 and the auxiliary sealing groove 23 respectively, and abut against the side wall plate 10.

[0037] The main sealing groove 22 and the auxiliary sealing groove 23 have a certain depth, and the height of the main seal 41 is slightly higher than the depth of the main sealing groove 22, and the height of the auxiliary seal 42 is slightly higher than the depth of the auxiliary sealing groove 23, so that the protruding parts of the main seal 41 and the auxiliary seal 42 can abut against the side wall plate 10, thereby achieving the effect of sealing the gap.

[0038] For example, multiple auxiliary seals 42 are arranged in parallel and at intervals; and the auxiliary seals 42 adjacent to the main seal 41 are arranged in parallel and at intervals with the main seal 41. The main seal 41 and the multiple auxiliary seals 42 span the height direction of the gap, and at each sealing position, there is sufficient heat exchange space, thereby effectively cooling the airflow.

[0039] For example, the first auxiliary seal is an elastic combined sealing strip, including a spring and a copper strip. The spring is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sealing groove 23, and then the copper strip is inserted. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the main sealing groove 22, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the copper strip. The spring applies elastic force to the bottom of the copper strip, so that the other end of the copper strip abuts against the surface of the side wall plate 10, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0040] For example, the second auxiliary seal is a packing seal strip, the height of which is slightly greater than the depth of the auxiliary seal groove 23, so that its top end can abut against the surface of the side wall plate 10, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0041] For example, the main seal 41 includes a fluororubber sealing strip; the structure that can provide effective sealing is the main seal 41, and the height of the fluororubber sealing strip is slightly greater than the depth of the main sealing groove 22, so that its top end can abut against the surface of the side wall plate 10, thereby achieving a sealing effect. After being blocked by the elastic combined sealing strip and the packing sealing strip, the temperature of the high-temperature airflow is effectively reduced, so that the fluororubber sealing strip can complete the sealing.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature airflow in the gap is cooled synchronously by the cooling device 43. The cooling device 43 cooperates with the sealing component 40 to achieve the effect of the high-temperature airflow on the seal, that is, the sealing component 40 reduces the flow rate of the airflow, and the cooling device 43 effectively cools the airflow.

[0043] For example, the cooling device 43 includes a first cooling channel 431; a plurality of first cooling channels 431 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart at the side end of the moving component 20 along the height direction of the gap. The first cooling channel 431 includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. After the coolant enters the first cooling channel 431, it mainly absorbs the heat of the high-temperature airflow at the gap through heat exchange to achieve the purpose of cooling the high-temperature airflow. In the embodiment of the present invention, the type of coolant and the pumping method of the coolant are not limited.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of first cooling channels 431 is not less than the number of main seals 41 and auxiliary seals 42 ; at least one first cooling channel 431 is provided on a side of the main seal 41 or the auxiliary seal 42 close to the air flow channel 30 .

[0045] The position and number of the first cooling channels 431 are related to the number and position of the main seal 41 and the auxiliary seal 42. For example, a certain number of first cooling channels 431 are arranged around a seal, and the first cooling channels 431 cooperate with the main seal 41 and the auxiliary seal 42 to achieve blocking and cooling of high-temperature airflow.

[0046] For example, as shown in the figure, a first cooling channel 431 is provided at the upstream position (close to the side of the air flow channel 30) of the auxiliary seal 42 and the main seal 41. Taking the first auxiliary seal 42 as an example, after the auxiliary seal 42 is used to block the high-temperature airflow, at the same time, the first cooling channel 431 exchanges heat with the high-temperature airflow in the gap, and the temperature of the high-temperature airflow is reduced after absorbing heat, and the temperature of the high-temperature airflow flowing to the position of the next auxiliary seal 42 is reduced.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, high-temperature airflow flows in the airflow channel 30, so that the airflow channel 30 is always in a high-temperature environment. Therefore, the part in contact with the high-temperature airflow needs to be cooled to avoid the influence of high temperature on the structure.

[0048] For example, a plurality of second cooling channels 432 are provided in parallel and spaced apart in the side wall plate 10; the second cooling channels 432 are used to cool the surface of the side wall plate 10. The plurality of second cooling channels 432 can cover the entire surface of the side wall plate 10, and the second cooling channels 432 include a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. After the coolant enters the second cooling channels 432, the surface of the side wall plate 10 is cooled by heat exchange, thereby reducing the influence of high temperature on the side wall plate 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, the type of coolant and the pumping method of the coolant are not limited.

[0049] Similarly, part of the second cooling channel 432 is also arranged close to the sealing assembly 40, and the second cooling channel 432 can also cool the high-temperature airflow in the gap. As shown in the figure, the first cooling channel 431 and the second cooling channel 432 are located on both sides of the sealing assembly 40, which can form a more efficient cooling of the gap.

[0050] For example, a plurality of third cooling channels 433 are provided in parallel and spaced apart in the moving component 20; the third cooling channel 433 is used to cool the moving component 20 including the end face 21, and the third cooling channel 433 includes a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. After the coolant enters the third cooling channel 433, the end face 21 of the moving component 20 is cooled by heat exchange, thereby reducing the influence of high temperature on the end face 21 of the moving component 20. In the embodiment of the present invention, the type of coolant and the pumping method of the coolant are not limited.

[0051] The embodiment of the present invention provides a wind tunnel test device, including the above-mentioned variable Mach number nozzle structure. When the variable Mach number nozzle structure is used, the variable Mach number adjustment is achieved by adjusting the positions of the two moving components 20. During and after the adjustment, the main seal 41, the auxiliary seal 42 and the cooling device 43 are used to effectively seal the gap. The specific sealing method is described above.

[0052] The present invention provides a variable Mach number nozzle structure and a wind tunnel test device, wherein a main seal 41 and an auxiliary seal 42 are arranged in a gap between a side end of a moving component 20 and a side wall plate 10, wherein the auxiliary seal 42 is arranged closer to an air flow channel 30, and the high-temperature airflow in the gap can be blocked and cooled by cooperating with the auxiliary seal 42 and a cooling device 43, thereby effectively reducing the ambient temperature at the position of the main seal 41 to a temperature that the main seal 41 can tolerate, thereby avoiding / reducing the influence of a high-temperature environment on the main seal 41, and achieving a good sealing effect.

[0053] According to the technical solution of the present invention, in a high temperature environment, the sealing assembly 40 can still achieve a stable sealing effect, thereby ensuring the stability of the variable Mach number nozzle in different Mach number ranges.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0055] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0056] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A variable Mach number nozzle structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises two side wall plates (10) and two moving assemblies (20), wherein the two side wall plates (10) are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the two moving assemblies (20) are arranged between the two side wall plates (10), and the moving assemblies (20) comprise end surfaces (21), the end surfaces (21) of the two moving assemblies (20) are arranged facing each other and enclose an air flow channel (30) with the side wall plates (10); It also includes a sealing component (40), a gap is provided between the side end of the moving component (20) and the side wall plate (10), and the sealing component (40) is arranged in the gap; The sealing assembly (40) comprises a main sealing member (41), an auxiliary sealing member (42) and a cooling device (43); the auxiliary sealing member (42) and the main sealing member (41) are arranged in sequence in the gap in a direction away from the air flow channel (30); the cooling device (43) is arranged at a side end of the moving assembly (20) and is used to cool the gas in the gap.

2. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end surface (21) of the moving component (20) is provided with a main sealing groove (22) and an auxiliary sealing groove (23) arranged along the length direction; The main seal (41) is arranged in the main seal groove (22), and the auxiliary seal (42) is arranged in the auxiliary seal groove (23). The main seal (41) and the auxiliary seal (42) protrude from the main seal groove (22) and the auxiliary seal groove (23) respectively, and abut against the side wall plate (10).

3. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (40) includes at least two auxiliary seals (42); A plurality of auxiliary seals (42) are arranged in the gap between the main seal (41) and the air flow channel (30).

4. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of auxiliary sealing members (42) are arranged in parallel and at intervals; The auxiliary seal (42) adjacent to the main seal (41) is arranged parallel to and spaced from the main seal (41).

5. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main sealing member (41) comprises a fluororubber sealing strip; The auxiliary sealing element (42) comprises a packing sealing strip or an elastic combined sealing strip.

6. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling device (43) comprises a first cooling channel (431); A plurality of first cooling channels (431) are arranged in parallel and at intervals at the side end of the moving component (20) along the height direction of the gap.

7. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the first cooling channels (431) is not less than the number of the main seals (41) and the auxiliary seals (42); At least one first cooling channel (431) is provided on a side of the main seal (41) or the auxiliary seal (42) close to the air flow channel (30).

8. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The side wall plate (10) is provided with a plurality of second cooling channels (432) which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; The second cooling channel (432) is used to cool the surface of the side wall plate (10) and the gas in the gap.

9. The variable Mach number nozzle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The moving component (20) is provided with a plurality of third cooling channels (433) arranged in parallel and at intervals; The third cooling channel (433) is used to cool the moving component (20) including the end surface (21).

10. A wind tunnel test device, characterized in that: It comprises the variable Mach number nozzle structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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