Single pool structure, multi-pool combined structure, combined system, control system and external circulation heat exchange system of solid hydrogen pool

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-pool structure, a multi-pool combined structure, a combined system, a control system and an external circulation heat exchange system of a solid hydrogen pool. The single-pool structure and the multi-pool combined structure of the solid hydrogen pool are included; the multi-pool combined structure is arranged in the shell; the plurality of cooling cavity inlet distribution manifolds are connected with the cooling cavity liquid inlets in the multi-pool combined structure; the plurality of cooling cavity outlet distribution manifolds are connected with the cooling cavity liquid outlets in the multi-pool combined structure; a hydrogen confluence output port is formed in the upper end of the shell, and a hydrogen cavity purging inlet and a hydrogen cavity purging outlet are formed in the shell; a hydrolysate inlet and a hydrolysate outlet are formed in the bottom of the shell. The solid hydrogen storage density can be effectively improved through the solid hydrogen pool of the multi-cavity composite polar plate, meanwhile, water can be added to release an unstable high-hydrogen-storage-density material, the release rate of hydrogen can be effectively controlled, meanwhile, released heat in the hydrogen release process is controllable, safety accidents are reduced, and safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and specifically relates to a single-cell structure, a multi-cell combined structure, a combined system, a control system and an external circulation heat exchange system of a solid hydrogen cell. Background Art

[0002] In the automotive field, hydrogen energy, as a new type of energy carrier, is expected to replace traditional fossil fuels and is widely used in hydrogen fuel cell power systems. In the hydrogen fuel cell engine system, hydrogen and oxygen release electrical energy and thermal energy through electrochemical reactions under the action of electrochemical catalysts. Among them, electrical energy is used to drive the vehicle, and thermal energy is dissipated to the outside through a heat sink. However, due to the low density of hydrogen, its storage density is also low. In order to increase the density of hydrogen storage in the prior art, solid-state hydrogen storage is generally used to achieve high-density hydrogen storage, such as regular or irregular polyhedron forms such as powder and spherical.

[0003] However, in the related technologies adopting the above-mentioned scheme, there is inevitably a problem that the rate of hydrogen release is uncontrollable, which leads to the inability to quickly conduct the huge heat released by the reaction after the solid hydrogen storage material comes into contact with the liquid, causing the local temperature to be too high and posing a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a single-cell structure, a multi-cell combined structure, a combined system, a control system and an external circulation heat exchange system of a solid-state hydrogen cell to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a single cell structure of a solid hydrogen cell, comprising: a hydrogen-releasing material region;

[0006] Cooling cavities are provided on both sides of the hydrogen-releasing material area, and a thermal conductive coating is provided on the contact surface between the cooling cavity and the hydrogen-releasing material area;

[0007] The cooling cavities on both sides and the hydrogen-releasing material area in the middle are extruded and formed.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution, a cooling medium circulates in the cooling cavity.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution, the hydrogen-releasing material zone is a solid hydrogen storage material.

[0010] Also included is a multi-cell joint structure of a solid-state hydrogen cell, including a plurality of arrays of hydrogen release units;

[0011] The hydrogen release unit includes a single cell structure of a plurality of solid hydrogen cells as described above.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the partition of the cooling cavity in each hydrogen release unit is formed by cold stamping of a mold, and the partition of the cooling cavity forms a periodic groove and ridge structure, and adjacent groove and ridge structures are formed by laser welding.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution, the partition of the cooling chamber is a stainless steel thin plate.

[0014] Also included is a solid-state hydrogen pool combination system, including a multi-pool joint structure of the solid-state hydrogen pool described in any one of the above items;

[0015] A shell, wherein the multi-cell joint structure is arranged in the shell;

[0016] A plurality of cooling chamber inlet distribution manifolds connected to the cooling chamber liquid inlets in the multi-cell joint structure;

[0017] A plurality of cooling chamber outlet distribution manifolds connected to the cooling chamber liquid outlets in the multi-tank joint structure;

[0018] The upper end of the shell is provided with a hydrogen converging output port, and the shell is provided with a hydrogen cavity purge inlet and a hydrogen cavity purge outlet;

[0019] The bottom of the shell is provided with a hydrolyzed liquid inlet and a hydrolyzed liquid outlet.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution, a pressure relief valve is provided on the shell, a solution cavity is provided inside the shell, and a solution cavity pressure sensor, a solution cavity liquid level sensor and a solution cavity temperature sensor are provided on the shell;

[0021] A hydrogen concentration detection sensor is arranged at the upper end of the shell near the hydrogen confluence output port.

[0022] Also included is a solid-state hydrogen cell control system, including a multi-cell combined unit of solid-state hydrogen cells;

[0023] A hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit, connected to the multi-pool combined unit, for discharging heat from the multi-pool combined unit;

[0024] A hydrogen storage buffer device, connected to the multi-cell combined unit, for storing hydrogen generated by the multi-cell combined unit;

[0025] A hydrogen pool cooling and heat exchange device connected to the hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit;

[0026] Hydrogen pool tail liquid storage unit;

[0027] The pressure signal acquisition unit, the temperature signal acquisition unit and the hydrogen cell system control unit are all connected to the hydrogen electrical control device.

[0028] It also includes an external circulation heat exchange system of the solid-state hydrogen pool combined system, which is connected to the solid-state hydrogen pool combined system and specifically includes:

[0029] Circulation pipeline;

[0030] The liquid inlet of the circulation pipeline is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor, and the liquid outlet of the circulation pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor;

[0031] A water pump is arranged in the circulation pipeline and is used to drive the cooling medium in the circulation pipeline to circulate;

[0032] A radiator, arranged in the circulation pipeline, for exchanging heat with the cooling medium;

[0033] A liquid replenishing tank is connected to the circulation pipeline.

[0034] Beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention can effectively improve the solid-state hydrogen storage density through the solid-state hydrogen pool of the multi-chamber composite plate. At the same time, the present invention can add water to release the unstable high hydrogen storage density material, which can effectively control the release rate of hydrogen and realize the controllable heat released during the hydrogen release process, thereby reducing the occurrence of safety accidents and improving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the single cell structure of the solid-state hydrogen cell provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the multi-cell combined structure of the solid-state hydrogen cell provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen pool combination system provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen pool control system provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external circulation heat exchange system of the solid hydrogen pool provided by the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 100, single cell structure; 110, hydrogen release material area; 120, cooling chamber; 130, thermal conductive coating; 200, multi-cell joint structure; 210, hydrogen release unit; 220, groove ridge structure; 300, combined system; 310, shell; 320, cooling chamber inlet distribution manifold; 330, cooling chamber outlet distribution manifold; 340, hydrogen confluence output port; 350, hydrogen chamber purge inlet; 360, hydrogen chamber purge outlet ; 370, hydrolyzed liquid inlet; 380, hydrolyzed liquid outlet; 390, pressure relief valve; 3100, solution chamber; 3110, solution chamber pressure sensor; 3120, solution chamber level sensor; 3130, solution chamber temperature sensor; 3140, hydrogen concentration detection sensor; 410, circulation pipeline; 420, temperature and pressure sensor; 430, temperature sensor; 440, water pump; 450, radiator; 460, liquid replenishing tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The content of the present invention can be more easily understood by selecting the following detailed description of the preferred implementation method of the present invention and the embodiments included. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a single cell structure of a solid hydrogen cell includes a hydrogen-releasing material region 110;

[0045] Cooling cavities 120 are provided on both sides of the hydrogen-releasing material area 110 , and a thermal conductive coating 130 is provided on the contact surface between the cooling cavity 120 and the hydrogen-releasing material area 110 ;

[0046] The cooling cavities 120 on both sides and the middle hydrogen-releasing material area 110 are formed by extrusion.

[0047] Specifically, between the left half of the cooling chamber 120 and the right half of the cooling chamber 120 is the hydrogen release material area 110, wherein the hydrogen release material area 110 is a solid hydrogen storage material. In order to improve the solid hydrogen storage material in the process of generating hydrogen, the heat can be timely discharged, that is, to ensure the thermal conductivity between the solid hydrogen storage material and the cooling chamber shell, a thermal conductive coating 130 is coated on the outside of the cooling chamber shell. In some embodiments, the thermal conductive coating 130 is thermal conductive silicone grease, and then the cooling chamber 120 and the solid hydrogen storage material are pressed and formed, and the solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the metal stainless steel plate through the double-sided extrusion of the shell on both sides. When the solid hydrogen storage material reacts with the hydrolyzate, hydrogen is generated, and the heat is taken away by the circulating cooling medium in the cooling chamber 120.

[0048] During the hydrogen release process, the solid hydrogen storage material can control the hydrogen release rate according to the liquid level of the aqueous solution and the contact area of ​​the aqueous solution, thereby effectively controlling the heat generated and reducing the occurrence of safety accidents. The hydrogen can flow outward along the chamber of the hydrogen storage material after the reaction is completed, which facilitates the transportation of hydrogen and the flow of reaction products.

[0049] Optionally, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage material, including reversible hydrogen storage materials, or an irreversible hydrogen storage material, including metal hydrogen storage materials and non-metallic hydrogen storage materials, mainly high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage materials that can release hydrogen by adding water. For example, metal materials (Mg, Ca, Al, etc.), hydrogen storage alloys, inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials, carbonaceous hydrogen storage materials, metal organic skeleton compound hydrogen storage materials, etc. Hydrogen storage alloys include binary systems, ternary systems and multi-element systems, such as LiH, NaH, KH, MgH2, CaH2, AlH3, etc.; inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials mainly include coordinated hydrides and amino compounds, such as NaAlH4, LiBH4 and ammonia borane, which are all hydrogen storage materials with relatively high hydrogen storage density. In the solid-state hydrogen pool, a single or multiple hydrogen storage materials with relatively high hydrogen storage density can be selected, and reversible hydrogen storage is not required, only high hydrogen storage density is required.

[0050] Optionally, the main function of the cooling chamber 120 is to cool the solid hydrogen pool for circulation and heat dissipation. The interior of the chamber is filled with cooling water or commercial antifreeze and is independent of other chambers. The solid hydrogen pool can autonomously realize hydrolysis heat exchange. The cooling medium inside the cooling chamber 120 can be cooling water in summer and a general commercial coolant in winter. There are no special requirements as long as it does not freeze below -35°C. In order to ensure the hydrogen release rate of the solid hydrogen pool, a cooling circulation system is arranged on both sides of a single pool of the solid hydrogen pool to stably control the heat balance of hydrogen release inside the hydrolysis chamber. There are many styles of solid-state hydrogen storage materials, including but not limited to: cylindrical, rectangular, cubic and other regular and irregular polyhedral structures.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, a multi-cell joint structure of a solid-state hydrogen cell includes a plurality of arrays of hydrogen release units 210;

[0052] The hydrogen release unit 210 includes a plurality of single cell structures 100 of any of the above-mentioned solid hydrogen cells.

[0053] Specifically, the structure composed of a plurality of single-cell structures 100 in a longitudinal array is the hydrogen release unit 210 in this application, and the structure composed of a plurality of hydrogen release units 210 in a transverse array is the multi-cell joint structure 200 in this case. The number of single-cell structures 100 and the number of hydrogen release units 210 are not limited in this case and can be adjusted according to actual needs and sizes. In the single-cell structure 100 and the multi-cell structure, the partition constituting the cooling chamber 120 is a stainless steel sheet, and its molding process adopts cold stamping of a mold to form a periodic groove ridge structure 220. It can be understood that the groove ridge structure 220, that is, the protruding part and the concave part are arranged at intervals, and the solid hydrogen storage material is located between the two cooling chambers 120 arranged oppositely. Each cooling chamber 120 includes a groove ridge structure 220 arranged in reverse, and an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the cooling chamber 120. The inlet and outlet of the cooling chamber 120 in the same column are connected in series in sequence to form a cooling body.

[0054] Optionally, two adjacent groove-ridge structures 220 are formed by laser welding to ensure the structural strength and stability of the cooling cavity 120 and improve the pressure-bearing capacity inside the cooling cavity 120 .

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, a solid-state hydrogen cell combination system includes a shell 310 of the solid-state hydrogen cell, the shell 310 of the solid-state hydrogen cell, a hydrogen concentration sensor inside the solid-state hydrogen cell, a hydrogen confluence output port 340, a solid-state hydrogen cell composite plate unit, i.e., the multi-cell joint structure 200 of the solid-state hydrogen cell mentioned above, a hydrogen chamber purge port, a cooling chamber liquid inlet, a solution chamber liquid level sensor 3120, a hydrolyzed liquid inlet 370, a cooling chamber liquid outlet, a hydrolyzed liquid discharge port 380, a solution chamber temperature sensor 3130, a reactant solution chamber 3100, a solution chamber pressure sensor 3110, a hydrogen chamber purge inlet 350, a hydrogen chamber pressure relief valve 390, a hydrogen release material area 110, and a cooling chamber inlet distribution manifold 320.

[0056] The shell 310 of the solid-state hydrogen cell ensures the stability of the solid-state hydrogen cell system structure and establishes a closed storage space for the solid-state hydrogen cell, such as a post-reaction solution chamber and a gas storage chamber.

[0057] Before the detection of hydrogen concentration reaching the limit value of the dangerous volume concentration, an inert gas such as nitrogen is controlled to enter the shell 310 through the hydrogen purge port to purge the impure gas in the entire system, and the impure gas can be discharged through the hydrogen cavity purge outlet 360.

[0058] The hydrogen released by the reaction inside the solid-state hydrogen pool unit is output to the external hydrogen supply through the reflux port. The heat generated during the hydrogen release process is used to exchange heat with the composite plate inside the solid-state hydrogen pool through the cooling chamber liquid inlet and the cooling chamber inlet distribution manifold 320 and the cooling chamber outlet distribution manifold 330 at the top. During the heat exchange process, the coolant is separated from the solid-state hydrogen storage material of the solid-state hydrogen pool, and the chambers are isolated by stainless steel. The liquid storage chamber carries a certain coolant pressure. At the same time, hydrogen is generated inside the solid-state hydrogen storage material cavity. The pressure of the two (composite plate hydrogen release cavity and cooling liquid cavity) is dynamically balanced under dynamic working conditions.

[0059] A solution temperature and pressure sensor 420 is provided inside the solid-state hydrogen pool system, which is used to detect the pressure inside the system and the temperature of the solution after the hydrogen is released. A pressure relief valve 390 is designed to open at a certain pressure on the external pipeline of the hydrogen confluence outlet. When the generated hydrogen pressure reaches the preset pressure threshold, the internal pressure can be automatically released through the pressure relief valve 390 to improve safety.

[0060] At the same time, a hydrolyzate inlet 370 and a hydrolyzate outlet 380 are provided at the bottom of the shell 310. The hydrolyzate enters the solution cavity 3100 in the shell 310, and the liquid level of the hydrolyzate can be determined by the solution cavity liquid level sensor 3120, so that the contact area between the hydrolyzate and the solid hydrogen storage material can be calculated, so as to better control the rate of hydrogen production, improve safety, and effectively control the generation and conduction of heat. The treated liquid generated after the hydrolyzate reacts with the solid hydrogen storage material can be discharged through the hydrolyzate outlet 380.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments, the hydrogen release unit 210 in the multi-cell joint structure 200 is a modular structure. After the hydrogen release unit 210 releases hydrogen, the hydrogen release unit 210 can be replaced. In some other achievable embodiments, the number of units of the solid hydrogen pool and the number of solution chambers 3100 are determined according to the hydrogen consumption demand and hydrogen storage demand of the commercial vehicle. When the hydrogen storage demand is large, more hydrogen release units 210 can be installed, and vice versa, the number of hydrogen release units 210 can be reduced. In addition, during the replacement process, in addition to replacing the hydrogen release unit 210, the hydrolyzate and the solid product can be replaced to reduce the weight of the vehicle itself. At the same time, by controlling the amount of hydrolyzate solution entering the solution chamber 3100, the hydrogen generation rate control and the opening and closing of the hydrogen release function can be realized to further realize the controllable hydrogen release rate.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, a solid-state hydrogen pool control system includes a multi-pool combined unit of a solid-state hydrogen pool, namely, a hydrogen pool composite plate unit;

[0063] The hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit is connected to the multi-pool combined unit and is used to discharge the heat in the multi-pool combined unit;

[0064] A hydrogen storage buffer device, connected to the multi-cell combined unit, for storing hydrogen generated by the multi-cell combined unit;

[0065] A hydrogen pool cooling heat exchange device connected to the hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit;

[0066] A hydrogen pool tail liquid storage unit, which is used to collect, store and release the tail liquid of the hydrogen pool;

[0067] The pressure signal acquisition unit, the temperature signal acquisition unit and the hydrogen pool system control unit are all connected to the hydrogen electrical control device, wherein the pressure signal acquisition unit is used to detect the pressure in the hydrogen pool, and the temperature signal acquisition unit is used to detect the temperature in the hydrogen pool.

[0068] Optionally, it also includes a hydrogen pool hydrolysis solution flow control unit, a hydrogen generation and release unit, and a hydrogen concentration detection unit.

[0069] Specifically, the control system signals of the pressure data acquisition unit, temperature data acquisition unit, hydrogen pool hydrolysis solution flow control unit, hydrogen generation and release unit, hydrogen concentration detection unit, etc. are processed in a closed loop, such as uniformly using CAN signals for interaction, so as to reduce the effectiveness and convenience of quantity transmission. By converting the control signal of the upstream demand unit, the solid-state hydrogen pool controls the amount of hydrogen released by controlling the effective hydrolysis liquid volume fraction entering the unit. In order to ensure a stable supply of hydrogen, the solid-state hydrogen pool unit has a certain pressure bearing capacity. The solid-state hydrogen pool system carries a hydrogen pressure of less than 2MPa, which is used to ultimately achieve a continuous supply of hydrogen for the fuel cell system.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, an external circulation heat exchange system of a solid hydrogen pool includes a circulation pipeline 410;

[0071] The liquid inlet of the circulation pipeline 410 is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor 420, and the liquid outlet of the circulation pipeline 410 is provided with a temperature sensor 430. The temperature and pressure at the outlet can be detected by the temperature and pressure sensor 420, and the temperature at the inlet can be detected by the temperature sensor 430;

[0072] A water pump 440 is disposed in the circulation pipeline 410 and is used to drive the cooling medium in the circulation pipeline 410 to circulate;

[0073] The radiator 450 is disposed in the circulation pipeline 410 and is used for exchanging heat with the cooling medium;

[0074] The replenishing tank 460 is connected to the circulation pipeline 410, wherein the replenishing tank 460 is connected to the circulation pipeline 410 through the pre-pump replenishing pipe and the liquid adding exhaust pipe. At the same time, a liquid level sensor is arranged in the replenishing tank 460 to observe the amount of solution in the replenishing tank 460 for convenient and timely replenishment.

[0075] During use, the heat released by the reaction in the solid hydrogen storage system is dissipated through the combined action of the external core of the radiator 450 and the cooling fan, and the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium are controlled by the water pump 440 to exchange heat for each unit inside the solid hydrogen storage unit. Accurate control can be performed according to the heat release situation to meet the control of the hydrogen release rate.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single cell structure of a solid hydrogen cell, characterized in that: include: Hydrogen-releasing material area; Cooling cavities are provided on both sides of the hydrogen-releasing material area, and a thermal conductive coating is provided on the contact surface between the cooling cavity and the hydrogen-releasing material area; The cooling cavities on both sides and the hydrogen-releasing material area in the middle are extruded and formed.

2. The single cell structure of the solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling medium circulates in the cooling cavity.

3. The single cell structure of the solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen-releasing material zone is a solid hydrogen storage material.

4. A multi-cell joint structure of a solid hydrogen cell, characterized in that: A hydrogen release unit comprising a plurality of arrays; The hydrogen release unit comprises a plurality of single cell structures of the solid-state hydrogen cells according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The multi-cell joint structure of the solid-state hydrogen cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition of the cooling cavity in each hydrogen release unit is formed by cold stamping of a mold, and the partition of the cooling cavity forms a periodic groove-ridge structure, and adjacent groove-ridge structures are formed by laser welding.

6. The multi-cell joint structure of the solid-state hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The partition of the cooling chamber is a stainless steel thin plate.

7. A solid hydrogen pool combination system, characterized in that: A multi-cell joint structure comprising the solid-state hydrogen cell according to any one of claims 4 to 6; A shell, wherein the multi-cell joint structure is arranged in the shell; A plurality of cooling chamber inlet distribution manifolds connected to the cooling chamber liquid inlets in the multi-cell joint structure; A plurality of cooling chamber outlet distribution manifolds connected to the cooling chamber liquid outlets in the multi-tank joint structure; The upper end of the shell is provided with a hydrogen converging output port, and the shell is provided with a hydrogen cavity purge inlet and a hydrogen cavity purge outlet; The bottom of the shell is provided with a hydrolyzed liquid inlet and a hydrolyzed liquid outlet.

8. The solid-state hydrogen pool combined system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a pressure relief valve, the interior of the shell is provided with a solution cavity, and the shell is provided with a solution cavity pressure sensor, a solution cavity liquid level sensor and a solution cavity temperature sensor; A hydrogen concentration detection sensor is arranged at the upper end of the shell near the hydrogen confluence output port.

9. A solid hydrogen pool control system, characterized in that: A multi-cell combined unit including a solid hydrogen cell; A hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit, connected to the multi-pool combined unit, for discharging heat from the multi-pool combined unit; A hydrogen storage buffer device, connected to the multi-cell combined unit, for storing hydrogen generated by the multi-cell combined unit; A hydrogen pool cooling and heat exchange device connected to the hydrogen pool heat exchange manifold unit; Hydrogen pool tail liquid storage unit; The pressure signal acquisition unit, the temperature signal acquisition unit and the hydrogen cell system control unit are all connected to the hydrogen electrical control device.

10. An external circulation heat exchange system of a solid-state hydrogen pool combined system, which is connected to the solid-state hydrogen pool combined system, characterized in that: include: Circulation pipeline; The liquid inlet of the circulation pipeline is provided with a temperature and pressure sensor, and the liquid outlet of the circulation pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor; A water pump is arranged in the circulation pipeline and is used to drive the cooling medium in the circulation pipeline to circulate; A radiator, arranged in the circulation pipeline, for exchanging heat with the cooling medium; A liquid replenishing tank is connected to the circulation pipeline.

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