Methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a methanol SOFC power generation device for a commercial vehicle. The methanol SOFC power generation device comprises a vaporizer, and the vaporizer is connected with a methanol supply module and a low-temperature reformer; the low-temperature reformer is respectively connected with the combustor and the high-temperature reformer; the high-temperature reformer is respectively connected with the electric pile and the air heat exchanger; one side of the air heat exchanger is connected with the fan, and the other side of the air heat exchanger is respectively connected with the high-temperature reformer, the combustor and the electric pile; one side of the combustor is connected with the electric pile; and the electric energy output of the electric pile is connected with the high-voltage DC / DC of the commercial vehicle. The methanol SOFC power generation device is carried on the commercial vehicle, can be used while being charged, can also be directly utilized, is not limited by a charging pile, can meet the charging and power utilization requirements of the commercial vehicle anytime and anywhere, is efficient and environment-friendly, reduces the emission of carbon dioxide, discharges tail gas which is water vapor and carbon dioxide, does not contain pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. And the method is environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of methanol SOFC power generation, and in particular to a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Methanol can be used as SOFC fuel after reforming. Methanol is an organic compound and the simplest saturated monohydric alcohol. Methanol is very light, highly volatile, colorless, flammable, and has a smell very similar to ethanol (drinking wine). Methanol SOFC power generation device refers to an on-board system device that uses methanol as fuel and solid oxide fuel cells as power generation units.

[0003] Commercial vehicles refer to vehicles that serve as means of production and for operational purposes, such as taxis, buses, trucks, construction machinery, agricultural equipment, mining machinery, and ships.

[0004] Most commercial vehicles are equipped with diesel internal combustion engines, which emit pollutants such as CO2 and NOX. If commercial vehicles are driven by pure electricity, there will be anxiety about daily charging and difficulty in heating in winter. In the authorized Chinese utility model patent "Announcement No.: CN209401750U, Name: A methanol-based fuel cell hybrid power generation system", PEMFC and SOFC are used for power generation at the same time. PEMFC and SOFC operate at low and high temperatures respectively, which can realize the cascade utilization of hydrogen, improve the fuel utilization rate of hydrogen, and improve the power generation efficiency of the system. However, the above application requires the provision of pure methanol and nitrogen. Pure methanol is used as fuel and directly burns to release heat. The exhaust gas after combustion does not enter the battery stack to participate in the electrochemical reaction and discharge, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency and consuming a lot of energy, which is not suitable for commercial vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption in the prior art and to provide a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles, comprising a vaporizer, one side of the vaporizer is connected to a methanol supply module, and the other side of the vaporizer is connected to a low-temperature reformer;

[0008] A low-temperature reformer, one side of the low-temperature reformer is connected to the burner, and the other side of the low-temperature reformer is connected to the high-temperature reformer;

[0009] A high-temperature reformer, one side of which is connected to the fuel cell stack, and the other side of which is connected to the air heat exchanger;

[0010] An air heat exchanger, one side of which is connected to the fan, and the other side of which is respectively connected to the high-temperature reformer, the burner and the fuel cell stack;

[0011] A burner, one side of which is connected to the fuel cell stack;

[0012] A fuel cell stack, wherein the power output of the fuel cell stack is connected to a high-voltage DC / DC of a commercial vehicle.

[0013] In this technical solution, a methanol SOFC power generation device is mounted on a commercial vehicle, which can be used while charging, or directly used without being restricted by charging piles. It can meet the charging and electricity needs of commercial vehicles anytime and anywhere, and is efficient and environmentally friendly. The methanol SOFC power generation device ionizes hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures, combines them into water vapor, and releases electrical energy. It has high power generation efficiency, improves product competitiveness, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions. The tail gas emissions are water vapor and carbon dioxide, without pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. It is not only environmentally friendly, but the high-quality exhaust gas can solve the winter heating problem of new energy vehicles. At the same time, methanol water is used as fuel, and energy consumption is low.

[0014] Preferably, the methanol supply module comprises a methanol water pump and a methanol water tank, and the methanol water pump and the methanol water tank are connected to each other.

[0015] In this technical solution, a methanol supply module is used to deliver methanol water into a vaporizer.

[0016] Preferably, the fuel inlet of the vaporizer is connected to a methanol water pump, and the fuel outlet of the vaporizer is connected to a low-temperature reformer;

[0017] The flue gas inlet of the vaporizer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer, and the flue gas outlet of the vaporizer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat exchanger.

[0018] In this technical solution, a vaporizer is used to vaporize methanol water.

[0019] Preferably, the low-temperature reformer is filled with a low-temperature reforming catalyst;

[0020] The fuel inlet of the low temperature reformer is connected to the fuel outlet of the vaporizer;

[0021] The fuel outlet of the low-temperature reformer is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the burner via a combustion solenoid valve, and the other is connected to the high-temperature reformer via a power generation solenoid valve.

[0022] In this technical solution, methanol water is reformed into hydrogen-rich gas using a low-temperature reformer.

[0023] Preferably, the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature reformer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature reformer, and the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the vaporizer.

[0024] Preferably, the high temperature reformer is filled with a high temperature reforming catalyst;

[0025] The fuel inlet of the high temperature reformer is connected to the low temperature reformer via a solenoid valve for power generation, and the fuel outlet of the high temperature reformer is connected to the anode air inlet of the fuel cell stack;

[0026] The flue gas inlet of the high temperature reformer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet of the high temperature reformer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the low temperature reformer.

[0027] In this technical solution, a high-temperature reformer is used to further reform the incompletely reformed methanol water under the action of a high-temperature reforming catalyst, thereby producing a higher content of hydrogen.

[0028] Preferably, the air inlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to a fan, and the air outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell stack;

[0029] The flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to the burner, and the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to the high-temperature reformer.

[0030] In this technical solution, an air heat exchanger is used to perform air heat exchange.

[0031] Preferably, the burner has three inlets, the first of which is connected to the low-temperature reformer via a combustion solenoid valve, the second is connected to the anode tail gas of the stack, and the third is connected to the cathode tail gas of the stack;

[0032] The outlet of the burner is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger.

[0033] In this technical solution, the hydrogen-rich gas reformed from methanol and water enters the burner and burns with air in the burner.

[0034] Preferably, the burner has a built-in oxygen sensor, and the oxygen sensor is used to detect the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas.

[0035] In this technical solution, an oxygen sensor is used to detect the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas.

[0036] Preferably, the stack has four material inlets and outlets, namely, anode gas inlet, cathode gas inlet, anode tail gas and cathode tail gas;

[0037] The anode air intake is connected to the outlet of the high temperature reformer, and the cathode air intake is connected to the outlet of the air heat exchanger;

[0038] The anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the burner.

[0039] In this technical solution, the anode gas and cathode gas that are not completely reacted in the fuel cell stack enter the burner through the anode tail gas and cathode tail gas, burn in the burner, and supply heat to each stage of heat exchangers, and the high-temperature waste heat can be used for heating needs in the vehicle.

[0040] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0042] The present invention mounts a methanol SOFC power generation device on a commercial vehicle, which can be used while charging, or directly used without being restricted by charging piles. It can meet the charging and electricity needs of commercial vehicles anytime and anywhere, and is efficient and environmentally friendly. The methanol SOFC power generation device ionizes hydrogen and oxygen at high temperature, combines them into water vapor, and releases electrical energy. It has high power generation efficiency, improves product competitiveness, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions. The tail gas emissions are water vapor and carbon dioxide, without pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. It is not only environmentally friendly, but also the high-quality exhaust gas can solve the winter heating problem of new energy vehicles. At the same time, methanol water is used as fuel, and energy consumption is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the principle structure of a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a commercial vehicle architecture of a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles is shown.

[0045] In the figure

[0046] 1. Carburetor;

[0047] 2. Low temperature reformer;

[0048] 3. High temperature reformer;

[0049] 4. Air heat exchanger;

[0050] 5. Burner;

[0051] 6. Battery stack;

[0052] 7. Methanol supply module; 71. Methanol water pump; 72. Methanol water tank;

[0053] 8. Fan;

[0054] 9. High voltage DC / DC;

[0055] 10. Waste heat exchanger;

[0056] 11. Solenoid valve for combustion;

[0057] 12. Solenoid valve for power generation;

[0058] 13. Oxygen sensor;

[0059] 14. Battery;

[0060] 15. Motor controller;

[0061] 16. Motor body;

[0062] 17. Low voltage DC / DC. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0064] Figure 1 to Figure 2 The structure diagram of an embodiment of a methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles of the present invention is shown. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles comprises a vaporizer 1, one side of the vaporizer 1 is connected to a methanol supply module 7, and the other side of the vaporizer 1 is connected to a low-temperature reformer 2;

[0065] A low-temperature reformer 2, one side of the low-temperature reformer 2 is connected to a burner 5, and the other side of the low-temperature reformer 2 is connected to a high-temperature reformer 3;

[0066] A high-temperature reformer 3, one side of the high-temperature reformer 3 is connected to the fuel cell stack 6, and the other side of the high-temperature reformer 3 is connected to the air heat exchanger 4;

[0067] An air heat exchanger 4, one side of which is connected to a fan 8, and the other side of which is respectively connected to a high-temperature reformer 3, a burner 5 and a fuel cell stack 6;

[0068] A burner 5, one side of which is connected to a fuel cell stack 6;

[0069] The battery stack 6 has its power output connected to a high voltage DC / DC 9 of the commercial vehicle.

[0070] When in use, the commercial vehicle range extender architecture, whose range extender is a methanol SOFC power generation device, outputs electrical energy from the methanol SOFC power generation device, which is converted by high-voltage DC / DC 9 and connected in parallel with the battery 14 to supply power to the commercial vehicle.

[0071] The methanol SOFC power generation device of the present invention supplies fuel and air at the front end, and outputs electric energy at the rear end, which is converted by high-voltage DC / DC 9 and connected in parallel with the storage battery 14, and then transmits power to the motor controller 15 to control the rotation of the motor body 16. The motor body 16 outputs power to the front and rear wheels of the commercial vehicle, thereby realizing the operation of the commercial vehicle;

[0072] The methanol SOFC power generation device consumes electricity which is provided by the battery 14 after being converted by the low voltage DC / DC 17 .

[0073] The present invention uses formaldehyde as fuel, which can reduce emissions due to its fuel characteristics, and because methanol SOFC has a higher efficiency, it can further reduce CO2 emissions and avoid NOX emissions.

[0074] In this technical solution, a methanol SOFC power generation device is mounted on a commercial vehicle, which can be used while charging, or directly used without being restricted by charging piles. It can meet the charging and electricity needs of commercial vehicles anytime and anywhere, and is efficient and environmentally friendly. The methanol SOFC power generation device ionizes hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures, combines them into water vapor, and releases electrical energy. It has high power generation efficiency, improves product competitiveness, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions. The tail gas emissions are water vapor and carbon dioxide, without pollutants such as nitrogen oxides. It is not only environmentally friendly, but the high-quality exhaust gas can solve the winter heating problem of new energy vehicles. At the same time, methanol water is used as fuel, and energy consumption is low.

[0075] The methanol supply module 7 includes a methanol water pump 71 and a methanol water tank 72, and the methanol water pump 71 and the methanol water tank 72 are connected to each other.

[0076] In this technical solution, the methanol supply module 7 is used to feed methanol water into the vaporizer 1 .

[0077] The fuel inlet of the vaporizer 1 is connected to the methanol water pump 71, and the fuel outlet of the vaporizer 1 is connected to the low-temperature reformer 2;

[0078] The flue gas inlet of the vaporizer 1 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer 2 , and the flue gas outlet of the vaporizer 1 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat exchanger 10 .

[0079] In this technical solution, the methanol water is vaporized by using the vaporizer 1 .

[0080] The low-temperature reformer 2 is filled with a low-temperature reforming catalyst;

[0081] The fuel inlet of the low temperature reformer 2 is connected to the fuel outlet of the vaporizer 1;

[0082] The fuel outlet of the low-temperature reformer 2 is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the burner 5 via a combustion solenoid valve 11 , and the other is connected to the high-temperature reformer 3 via a power generation solenoid valve 12 .

[0083] The vaporizer 1 and the low-temperature reformer 2 are both equipped with an electric heating start-up device.

[0084] In this technical solution, methanol water is reformed into hydrogen-rich gas using a low-temperature reformer 2 .

[0085] The main reactions of methanol-water reforming to produce hydrogen are:

[0086] CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2-49.4kJ / mol;

[0087] The entire reaction process described above is an endothermic reaction, and a heat source needs to be provided for the reforming reaction.

[0088] The flue gas inlet of the low-temperature reformer 2 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature reformer 3 , and the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the vaporizer 1 .

[0089] The high temperature reformer 3 is filled with a high temperature reforming catalyst;

[0090] The fuel inlet of the high temperature reformer 3 is connected to the low temperature reformer 2 via the electromagnetic valve 12 for power generation, and the fuel outlet of the high temperature reformer 3 is connected to the anode air inlet of the fuel cell stack 6;

[0091] The flue gas inlet of the high-temperature reformer 3 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger 4 , and the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature reformer 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature reformer 2 .

[0092] In the present technical solution, the high-temperature reformer 3 is used to further reform the incompletely reformed methanol water under the action of the high-temperature reforming catalyst, thereby generating a higher content of hydrogen.

[0093] The air inlet of the air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the fan 8, and the air outlet of the air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell stack 6;

[0094] The flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the burner 5 , and the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger 4 is connected to the high-temperature reformer 3 .

[0095] In this technical solution, the air heat exchanger 4 is used to perform air heat exchange.

[0096] The burner 5 has three inlets, the first of which is connected to the low-temperature reformer 2 via a combustion solenoid valve 11, the second is connected to the anode tail gas of the stack 6, and the third is connected to the cathode tail gas of the stack 6;

[0097] The outlet of the burner 5 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger 4 .

[0098] In the present technical solution, the hydrogen-rich gas reformed by methanol and water enters the burner 5 and burns with air in the burner 5 .

[0099] The burner 5 has a built-in oxygen sensor 13, and the oxygen sensor 13 is used to detect the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas.

[0100] In the present technical solution, an oxygen sensor 13 is used to detect the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas.

[0101] The stack 6 has four material inlets and outlets, namely, anode air intake, cathode air intake, anode tail gas and cathode tail gas;

[0102] The anode air intake is connected to the outlet of the high temperature reformer 3, and the cathode air intake is connected to the outlet of the air heat exchanger 4;

[0103] The anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are connected to corresponding positions of the burner 5 respectively.

[0104] In this technical solution, the unreacted anode gas and cathode gas in the fuel cell stack 6 enter the burner 5 through the anode tail gas and cathode tail gas, burn in the burner 5, and supply heat to each stage of heat exchangers, and the high-temperature waste heat can be used for heating needs in the vehicle.

[0105] During the whole use, the methanol water in the methanol water tank 72 is pumped into the vaporizer 1 by the methanol water pump 71. Under the heat supply of the electric heating starter, the methanol water is vaporized and then enters the low-temperature reformer 2. Under the heat supply of the electric heating and the reforming catalytic action, the methanol water is reformed into hydrogen-rich gas.

[0106] During the start-up phase of the methanol SOFC power generation device, the combustion solenoid valve 11 is opened, and the hydrogen-rich gas after methanol-water reforming enters the burner 5, where it burns with the air sent in by the air path, and the flue gas after combustion provides heat to the air heat exchanger 4, the high-temperature reformer 3, the low-temperature reformer 2 and the vaporizer 1;

[0107] As the temperature of the fuel cell stack 6 rises and reaches the condition for introducing fuel, the electromagnetic valve 12 for power generation is opened, the electromagnetic valve 11 for combustion is closed, and the electric heating start device is turned off. At this time, the hydrogen-rich gas first enters the high-temperature reformer 3, and the methanol water that has not been completely reformed continues to reform under the action of the high-temperature reforming catalyst, and the generated hydrogen content is higher. The hydrogen-rich gas after high-temperature reforming enters the fuel cell stack 6, and reacts with the air introduced into the cathode at high temperature to generate water vapor and release electrical energy;

[0108] The anode gas and cathode gas that have not completely reacted in the fuel cell stack 6 enter the burner 5 through the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas, are burned in the burner 5, and supply heat to each stage of the heat exchanger. The high-temperature waste heat can be used for heating in the vehicle.

[0109] The direct current generated by the methanol SOFC power generation device is converted by the high-voltage DC / DC 9, connected in parallel with the battery 14, and transmitted to the motor controller 15 to control the rotation of the motor body 16. The motor body 16 outputs power to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle, thereby realizing the operation of the vehicle;

[0110] In the standby state, the vehicle is not running, and the output power of the motor body 16 is zero. At this time, the electric energy generated by the methanol SOFC power generation device is supplied to the battery 14, that is, the battery 14 is charged.

[0111] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles, characterized in that: It comprises a vaporizer (1), one side of the vaporizer (1) is connected to a methanol supply module (7), and the other side of the vaporizer (1) is connected to a low-temperature reformer (2); A low-temperature reformer (2), wherein one side of the low-temperature reformer (2) is connected to a burner (5), and the other side of the low-temperature reformer (2) is connected to a high-temperature reformer (3); A high-temperature reformer (3), one side of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the fuel cell stack (6), and the other side of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the air heat exchanger (4); An air heat exchanger (4), wherein one side of the air heat exchanger (4) is connected to a fan (8), and the other side of the air heat exchanger (4) is respectively connected to a high-temperature reformer (3), a burner (5) and a fuel cell stack (6); A burner (5), one side of the burner (5) being connected to a fuel cell stack (6); A battery stack (6), wherein the power output of the battery stack (6) is connected to a high-voltage DC / DC (9) of a commercial vehicle.

2. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methanol supply module (7) comprises a methanol water pump (71) and a methanol water tank (72), and the methanol water pump (71) and the methanol water tank (72) are connected to each other.

3. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel inlet of the vaporizer (1) is connected to a methanol water pump (71), and the fuel outlet of the vaporizer (1) is connected to a low-temperature reformer (2); The flue gas inlet of the vaporizer (1) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer (2), and the flue gas outlet of the vaporizer (1) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat exchanger (10).

4. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature reformer (2) is filled with a low-temperature reforming catalyst; The fuel inlet of the low-temperature reformer (2) is connected to the fuel outlet of the vaporizer (1); The fuel outlet of the low-temperature reformer (2) is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the burner (5) via a combustion electromagnetic valve (11), and the other is connected to the high-temperature reformer (3) via a power generation electromagnetic valve (12).

5. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas inlet of the low-temperature reformer (2) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature reformer (3), and the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature reformer (2) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the vaporizer (1).

6. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature reformer (3) is filled with a high temperature reforming catalyst; The fuel inlet of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the low-temperature reformer (2) via a solenoid valve (12) for power generation, and the fuel outlet of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the anode air inlet of the fuel cell stack (6); The flue gas inlet of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger (4), and the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature reformer (3) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature reformer (2).

7. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the air heat exchanger (4) is connected to the fan (8), and the air outlet of the air heat exchanger (4) is connected to the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell stack (6); The flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger (4) is connected to the burner (5), and the flue gas outlet of the air heat exchanger (4) is connected to the high-temperature reformer (3).

8. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner (5) has three inlets, the first of which is connected to the low-temperature reformer (2) via a combustion solenoid valve (11), the second of which is connected to the anode tail gas of the fuel cell stack (6), and the third of which is connected to the cathode tail gas of the fuel cell stack (6); The outlet of the burner (5) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air heat exchanger (4).

9. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner (5) has a built-in oxygen sensor (13), and the oxygen sensor (13) is used to detect the oxygen content in the combustion exhaust gas.

10. The methanol SOFC power generation device for commercial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stack (6) has four material inlets and outlets, namely, anode gas inlet, cathode gas inlet, anode tail gas and cathode tail gas; The anode air intake is connected to the outlet of the high temperature reformer (3), and the cathode air intake is connected to the outlet of the air heat exchanger (4); The anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas are respectively connected to corresponding positions of the burner (5).

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