Electric heater module, design method and liquid cooling circulation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to an electric heater module, a design method and a liquid cooling circulation system, the electric heater module is used for being connected in series in the liquid cooling circulation system for use, and the electric heater module comprises an electric heater shell, and a heating element, a power supply control system and a fluid pipeline which are arranged in the shell; a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are arranged on the outer side of the shell, and the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe and a fluid pipeline in the shell are communicated to form a fluid channel; the external pipeline is positioned outside the electric heater shell; and the external pipeline comprises a bypass pipe which is used for communicating the liquid inlet pipe with the liquid outlet pipe. The electric heater module is used for solving the problem that when the electric heater is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system in series, an electric heater pipeline and a liquid cooling circulation main pipeline are not matched, and therefore resistance is increased, and energy consumption of the electric heater is saved while the cooling liquid circulation efficiency of the liquid cooling circulation system is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to an electric heater module, a design method and a liquid cooling circulation system. Background Art

[0002] The liquid cooling circulation system provides circulating coolant for high-power electronic equipment so that it can dissipate heat normally to maintain a stable operating temperature. In the liquid cooling circulation system for locomotives, since the actual operating environment temperature of the locomotive is generally -40℃~+40℃, when the locomotive is in a low temperature environment, the high-power electronic equipment needs to be heated up to maintain a better operating temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to add an electric heater to the liquid cooling circulation system to achieve its heating.

[0003] The existing technology generally achieves heating for high-power electronic equipment by setting up a separate heating loop. When it is used in fields such as locomotives that have high requirements on installation layout dimensions, in order to save space, the electric heater needs to be connected in series in the liquid cooling circulation system. At this time, the following problems will arise: when selecting an electric heater of a suitable model according to the heating amount required by the liquid cooling circulation system, since the diameters of the inlet and outlet liquid pipes in the standard specifications of the heater are fixed, they are often not the same as the diameter of the liquid cooling circulation main line. In particular, when the diameter of the heater pipe is smaller than the diameter of the liquid cooling circulation main line, the resistance at the connection will increase, thereby affecting the coolant circulation efficiency; and if the diameter of the inlet and outlet liquid pipes of the electric heater is set to be the same as the diameter of the liquid cooling circulation main line, it needs to be customized separately, which undoubtedly increases a lot of costs.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electric heater module, a design method and a liquid cooling circulation system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an electric heater module, a design method and a liquid cooling circulation system, which are used to solve the problem of increased resistance caused by mismatch between the electric heater pipeline and the liquid cooling circulation main pipeline when the electric heater is connected in series in the liquid cooling circulation system.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application can be implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electric heater module is used to be connected in series in a circulation main line of a liquid cooling circulation system to heat high-power electronic equipment. The electric heater module includes a first electric heater device, wherein the first electric heater device includes a shell and a heating element, a power control system and a liquid pipeline arranged inside the shell. A liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are arranged on the outside of the shell. The liquid inlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe, the liquid pipeline inside the first electric heater device and the circulation main line of the liquid cooling circulation system form a connected fluid channel. The electric heater module also includes an external pipeline located outside the first electric heater device. The external pipeline includes at least one bypass pipe for connecting the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, when the liquid cooling circulation system using the electric heater module needs to meet specific index requirements, the rated power range of the first electric heater device is 30-50kW, and the diameters of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are 10-30mm;

[0009] The specific index requirements include: the rated flow rate of the coolant in the main line of the liquid cooling circulation system is 6 to 8 m 3 / h, the main pipe diameter is 40-60mm; the lower limit of the operating ambient temperature of high-power electronic equipment and the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature are -40℃ and 15℃ respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the bypass pipe is less than 30 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the external pipeline also includes a regulating valve, which is arranged on the bypass pipe and is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the bypass pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric heater module further comprises a second electric heater device, and the second electric heater device is connected in parallel with the first electric heater device.

[0013] A design method for designing the electric heater module described above comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, determining the lower limit of the operating environment temperature and the lower limit of the device startup temperature of the high-power electronic device;

[0015] Step 2, determining the rated flow rate of the main pipe of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high-power electronic device, the rated flow rate of the coolant, and the pipe diameter of the main pipe;

[0016] Step 3, presetting the diameters of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe, and calculating the diameter of the bypass pipe and the first rated power of the electric heater module by combining the parameters determined in steps 1 and 2;

[0017] Step 4, determining the compensation power based on the rated flow of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high-power electronic device, the lower limit of the use environment temperature, the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature, and the diameter of the bypass pipe;

[0018] Step 5, determining a second rated power of the electric heater module based on the first rated power and the compensation power;

[0019] Step 6: Determine the model of the first electric heater device based on the second rated power.

[0020] Furthermore, the step 3 further comprises the following steps:

[0021] S31, determining the first rated power W1 based on the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, S 总 is the rated volume flow rate of the coolant in the main circulation line, r 总 is the diameter of the main circulation line, r 电 is the diameter of the liquid inlet or outlet pipe of the first electric heater device, ρ and C are the density and specific heat capacity of the coolant, respectively, T d,min 、T e,min They are respectively the lower limit of the startup temperature and the lower limit of the operating environment temperature of the high-power electronic device;

[0024] S32, determining the diameter r of the bypass pipe based on the following formula: 旁 :

[0025]

[0026] Furthermore, the compensation power W in step 4 is 补 Determined by the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Furthermore, the step 6 further comprises the following steps:

[0029] S61, preselecting a model of a first electric heater device based on a second rated power, and calculating a maximum temperature T of the coolant flowing through the first electric heater device that needs to be heated according to the rated power of the preselected model;

[0030] S62, compare the maximum temperature T obtained in S61 with the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim For comparison, when T≤T lim When the preselected first electric heater device model is determined to meet the requirements, the design is completed; otherwise, the preselected first electric heater device model does not meet the requirements.

[0031] Further, the maximum temperature T of the coolant heated in the preselected first electric heater device is calculated based on the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, P e The rated power of the first electric heater device is preselected.

[0034] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps 7:

[0035] When the preselected first electric heater device model does not meet the requirements, the process returns to step 3 or proceeds to step 8, wherein step 8 includes adding a second electric heater device to the electric heater module, and the two electric heater devices are connected in parallel.

[0036] Furthermore, the step 8 further comprises the following steps:

[0037] S81, based on the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim , the lower limit of the ambient temperature of the high-power electronic equipment, and the maximum power of the first electric heater device;

[0038] S82, determining a model of the second electric heater device based on the maximum power usage and the second rated power of the first electric heater device.

[0039] Further, the maximum power W of the first electric heater device in S81 is determined based on the following formula: 1u :

[0040]

[0041] A liquid cooling circulation system comprises a heat exchanger, a water pump, a main circulation line and the electric heater module described in any one of the above items, wherein the electric heater module is connected in series to the main circulation line.

[0042] The electric heater module, design method and liquid cooling circulation system provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. By setting a bypass pipe outside the electric heater shell, the problem of large resistance caused by smaller pipe diameter is solved, and by further designing the electric heater parameters and bypass pipe diameter parameters, the energy consumption of the electric heater is saved while not affecting the coolant circulation efficiency of the liquid cooling circulation system.

[0044] 2. The present application also provides a liquid cooling circulation system that can achieve heating and cooling of high-power electronic equipment. The system has a compact structure and saves space. By setting up a parallel expansion water tank, the entire system pipeline can be replenished with liquid and exhausted.

[0045] 3. By optimizing the position of the exhaust pipe in the liquid cooling circulation system, the exhaust efficiency in the pipeline is further improved to avoid excessive coolant reflux causing the water pump to suck air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electric heater module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a first electric heater device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an electric heater module according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a liquid cooling circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a liquid cooling circulation system according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the coolant flow direction of a liquid cooling circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the expansion water tank in this application;

[0053] Figure 8 A top view of the expansion water tank in this application;

[0054] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Middle AA section view;

[0055] Fig.10 For the exhaust stage Figure 8 Middle BB section;

[0056] Numbers in the figure

[0057] Expansion water tank 1, upper water chamber 111, lower water chamber 112, water inlet 12, first water inlet 121, second water inlet 122, exhaust pipe joint 13, water supply pipe joint 14, liquid level observation window 15, pressure relief valve 16, upper gas collecting area 17, expansion water tank exhaust pipe 18, liquid level measuring instrument 19,

[0058] Heat exchanger 2, water pump 3, high-power electronic equipment 4, liquid replenishment pipe 5, expansion tank liquid replenishment pipe 51, exhaust pipe 6, second exhaust pipe 61,

[0059] Circulation main line 7, heat exchanger water inlet pipe 71, heat exchanger water outlet pipe 72, water pump water outlet pipe 73,

[0060] The electric heater module 10, the first electric heater device 101, the liquid inlet pipe 1011, the liquid outlet pipe 1012, the mounting member 1013, the electric heater external pipeline 102, the bypass pipe 1021, the first three-way pipe fitting 1022, the second three-way pipe fitting 1023, and the electric heater outlet pipe 74; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Hereinafter, the present application will be further described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] In addition, various components in the drawings are enlarged or reduced in size for ease of understanding, but this practice is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] Words importing the singular also include the plural and vice versa.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of the embodiments of the present application are usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, in the description of the present application, in order to distinguish different units, the words first, second, etc. are used in this specification, but these are not limited by the order of manufacture, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, and their names may be different in the detailed description and claims of the present application.

[0065] The vocabulary in this specification is used to illustrate the embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be specifically understood.

[0066] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 10 The present invention is described in detail.

[0067] The present application provides an electric heater module 10, which is connected in series in a main circulation line 7 of a liquid cooling circulation system to heat a high-power electronic device 4. Figure 1-Figure 3 The electric heater module of the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 1 includes a first electric heater device 101 and an external pipeline 102, wherein the electric heater device is a commercially available electric heater device of standard specifications, such as Figure 2 The first electric heater device 101 shown in the figure internally accommodates a heating element, a power control system and a pipeline. The first electric heater device 101 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 1011 and a liquid outlet pipe 1012. The liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 together with the pipeline inside the first electric heater device 101 form a connected fluid channel, so that when the electric heater module 10 is connected in series in the liquid cooling circulation system, the coolant flows in from the liquid inlet pipe 1011 for heating and flows out from the liquid outlet pipe 1012.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the first electric heater device 101 can be a vertical electric heater or a horizontal electric heater. The specific style can be selected according to the requirements of the specific use occasion, such as the space limitation of the use occasion, the compactness of the overall structure of the equipment and other factors. Whether a vertical electric heater or a horizontal electric heater is used, it only affects factors such as the installation method, and does not affect its specific function. When the electric heater device adopts a vertical electric heater, the liquid supply inside the electric heater can adopt a top-in and bottom-out structure. Specifically, in order to realize the liquid supply, the first electric heater device 101 can be provided with a liquid inlet pipe 1011 and a liquid outlet pipe 1012 on the upper and lower sides respectively; in actual operation, the coolant enters the shell from the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and is discharged from the liquid outlet pipe 1012 to achieve recycling. When the electric heater device adopts a horizontal electric heater, the setting positions of the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 can be changed accordingly. For example, the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 can be respectively set on both sides of the length direction of the first electric heater device 101, and it is only necessary to meet the liquid supply demand of the electric heater.

[0069] In some preferred embodiments, the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 are arranged on the same side of the first electric heater device 101 to save the installation space of the bypass pipe 1021 .

[0070] In some specific embodiments, a plurality of mounting members 1013 are further provided on the first electric heater device 101 for later integration and installation of the electric heater module in the liquid cooling circulation system.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, the first electric heater device 101 includes an upper shell and a lower shell. The upper shell can be detachably fixed to the upper part of the lower shell by bolts to facilitate later repair and maintenance.

[0072] Furthermore, the external pipeline 102 is arranged outside the first electric heater device 101; specifically, the external pipeline 102 includes a bypass pipe 1021, which is used to connect the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012; in some specific embodiments, the bypass pipe 1021 can be a straight pipe or a curved pipe, that is, its pipeline layout can be set according to the requirements of a specific use scenario, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, in order to facilitate the connection of pipelines, a first three-way pipe fitting 1022 is provided on the liquid inlet pipe 1011, and a second three-way pipe fitting 1023 is provided on the liquid outlet pipe 1012, wherein the bypass pipe 1021 is connected between the first three-way pipe fitting 1022 and the second three-way pipe fitting 1023. When the electric heater module 10 is connected to a liquid cooling circulation system for use, the liquid cooling pipe on the liquid inlet side of the liquid cooling circulation system is connected to the first three-way pipe fitting 1022, and the liquid cooling pipe on the liquid outlet side is connected to the second three-way pipe fitting 1023; further, the connection between pipelines of different diameters can also be carried out by using conventional methods such as reducers and reducers used by personnel in the field without specific limitations.

[0074] Furthermore, in order to enable the electric heater module to be connected in series with the liquid cooling circulation system, the liquid cooling circulation system can not only meet a certain coolant flow rate and heating efficiency so that the high-power electronic equipment at the user end can be at the optimal operating temperature, but also meet the needs of reducing costs and saving energy consumption. The present application further optimizes the above-mentioned electric heater module, and achieves the goal of reducing costs and saving energy consumption while achieving better cooling and heating effects through the coordinated design of the electric heater equipment and the pipe diameter between the pipelines.

[0075] In some preferred embodiments, since the design of the parameters of the electric heater equipment and the pipeline is closely related to the use environment conditions, when the use condition is that the rated flow rate of the coolant in the main pipeline 7 of the liquid cooling circulation system is 6 to 8 m 3 / h, when the lower limit of the operating environment temperature of the high-power electronic device 4 and the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature are -40°C and 15°C respectively, the rated power of the first electric heater device 101 of the present application is preferably 30-50KW, the diameters of the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 are preferably 10-30mm, and the diameter of the bypass pipe 1021 is less than 30mm.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, a regulating valve is further provided on the bypass pipe 1021 , and the regulating valve can control the flow rate of the coolant in the bypass pipe 1021 .

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the electric heater module 10 also includes a second electric heater device 101′, which is connected in parallel with the first electric heater device 101; specifically, the specific structure of the second electric heater device 101′ is similar to that of the first electric heater device 101, and the difference only lies in specific design parameters such as power and tube diameter, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] It should be noted that the diameter of each pipeline refers to the inner wall diameter.

[0079] The present application also provides a design method for an electric heater module, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Determine the lower limit T of the ambient temperature of the high-power electronic device 4 e,min And the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature T d,min .

[0081] Step 2: Determine the rated volume flow rate S of the main line 7 of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high-power electronic device 4 总 , Rated flow rate of coolant v 总 and the pipe diameter r of the main pipe 7 总 ;

[0082] Specifically, it satisfies the following relationship:

[0083]

[0084] Step 3: Preset the diameters r of the liquid inlet pipe 1011 and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 电 , and combine the parameters determined in step 1 and step 2 to calculate the diameter r of the bypass pipe 1021 旁 and a first rated power W1 of the electric heater module 10;

[0085] Specifically, step 3 further includes the following steps:

[0086] S31, determining the first rated power W1 based on the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, r 电 is the diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 1011 or the liquid outlet pipe 1012 of the first electric heater device 101, and ρ and C are the density and specific heat capacity of the coolant, respectively;

[0089] S32, determine the diameter r of the bypass pipe 1021 based on the following formula: 旁 :

[0090]

[0091] Step 4: based on the rated flow rate S of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high power electronic device 4 总 , the lower limit of the ambient temperature T e,min , Equipment startup temperature lower limit T d,min and the diameter x of the bypass pipe 1021 旁 Determine the compensation power W 补 ;

[0092] Specifically, the compensation power W in step 4 is 补 Determined by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] Step 5: Based on the first rated power W1 and the compensation power W 补 A second rated power of the electric heater module 10 is determined.

[0095] Step 6, determining the model of the first electric heater device 101 based on the second rated power;

[0096] Specifically, step 6 includes the following steps:

[0097] S61, preselecting a model of the first electric heater device 101 based on the second rated power, and calculating the maximum temperature T of the coolant flowing through the first electric heater device 101 that needs to be heated according to the rated power of the preselected model;

[0098] Specifically, the maximum temperature T is calculated based on the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, P e The rated power of the first electric heater device 101 is preselected.

[0101] S62, compare the maximum temperature T obtained in S61 with the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim For comparison, when T≤T lim When the preselected first electric heater device model is determined to meet the requirements, the design is completed; otherwise, the preselected first electric heater device 101 model does not meet the requirements.

[0102] In some preferred embodiments, the design method of the electric heater module 10 further includes step 7: according to the judgment result in S61, when the preselected first electric heater device 101 model does not meet the requirements, return to step 3 or proceed to step 8.

[0103] Specifically, step 8 includes adding a second electric heater device 101' to the electric heater module 10, and the two electric heater devices are connected in parallel.

[0104] Furthermore, the step 8 further comprises the following steps:

[0105] S81, based on the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim , the lower limit of the ambient temperature of the high-power electronic device 4, and the maximum power of the first electric heater device 101;

[0106] Specifically, the maximum power W is calculated based on the following formula: 1u :

[0107]

[0108] S82 , determining the model of the second electric heater device 101 ′ based on the maximum used power and the second rated power of the first electric heater device 101 .

[0109] It should be noted that the formula calculations of the above-mentioned design method are all based on ideal conditions, that is, heat losses are ignored. For technicians in this technical field, improvements and modifications thereto without departing from the above-mentioned principles should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0110] In addition, the present application also provides a liquid cooling circulation system using the above electric heater module 10, as follows Figure 3-Figure 5 The liquid cooling circulation system is described in detail.

[0111] The liquid cooling circulation system comprises an expansion water tank 1, a heat exchanger 2, a water pump 3, an electric heater module 10, a circulation main line 7, a liquid replenishing pipe 5 and an exhaust pipe 6, wherein the circulation main line 7 comprises a heat exchanger water inlet pipe 71, a heat exchanger water outlet pipe 72, a water pump water outlet pipe 73, an electric heater water outlet pipe 74 and cooling pipes at four ends of a high-power electronic device, and the heat exchanger 2, the water pump 3 and the electric heater module 10 are sequentially connected in series on the circulation main line 7 along the circulation direction of the fluid;

[0112] In some specific embodiments, the high-power electronic device is specifically a device such as a power battery that requires certain operating temperature conditions and dissipates heat during operation.

[0113] Specifically, the water outlet of the cooling pipeline at the end of the high-power electronic device 4 is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through the heat exchanger water inlet pipe 71, the water outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the water inlet of the water pump 3 through the heat exchanger water outlet pipe 72, the water outlet of the water pump 3 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 1011 of the electric heater module 10 through the water pump water outlet pipe 73, and the liquid outlet pipe 1012 of the electric heater module 10 is connected to the water inlet of the cooling pipeline at the end of the high-power electronic device 4 through the electric heater water outlet pipe 74, so that the coolant circulates therein.

[0114] Specifically, based on the flow direction of the coolant, the water pump outlet pipe 73 is arranged at a position higher than other pipes in the circulation main pipe 7 to facilitate the circulation of the coolant;

[0115] Furthermore, the expansion water tank 1 is connected in parallel to the main circulation line 7 through the exhaust pipe 6 and the liquid replenishment pipe 5, and plays the role of exhausting and replenishing the entire main circulation line 7. Specifically, one end of the liquid replenishment pipe 5 and the exhaust pipe 6 are both connected to the main circulation line 7, and the other end is connected to the expansion water tank 1. When in use, the gas in the main circulation line 7 enters the expansion water tank 1 through the exhaust pipe 6 and is discharged to the atmosphere by the expansion water tank 1. When the coolant in the main circulation line 7 is insufficient, the coolant pre-stored in the expansion water tank 1 is replenished to the main circulation line 7 through the liquid replenishment pipe 5. Since the gas is light in weight and generally gathers at a high position in the pipeline, the conventional operation in this field is to connect one end of the exhaust pipe 6 to the highest position of the series circulation loop, that is, the highest point of the water pump outlet pipe 73, but this place is located at the outlet of the water pump 3, and the excessive pressure causes too much coolant to flow into the expansion water tank 1 through the exhaust pipe 6. After flowing into the expansion water tank 1, this part of the coolant will be stored in the expansion water tank 1 and will not flow back to the main circulation line 7, thus causing the water pump to suck air.

[0116] Based on the above-mentioned water pump cavitation problem, the applicant has found that connecting the exhaust pipe 6 to a specific position of the pipeline system can, on the one hand, avoid the above-mentioned water pump cavitation phenomenon, and on the other hand, ensure the exhaust effect of the pipeline, and when the exhaust pipe 6 is connected to a specific position of the pipeline system, the liquid level of the coolant in the expansion water tank 1 continues to decrease during the exhaust stage of the liquid cooling circulation system; preferably, at the same time during the exhaust stage, the liquid flow rate flowing out of the expansion water tank 1 through the liquid replenishing pipe 5 is greater than the liquid flow rate entering the expansion water tank 1 through the exhaust pipe 6; preferably, during the exhaust stage, the upper limit of the liquid coolant flow rate in the exhaust pipe 6 is 0.3m 3 / h, the lower limit of the flow rate of the liquid coolant flowing out of the expansion tank 1 through the liquid replenishing pipe 5 is 0.3m 3 / h.

[0117] The following are some specific arrangements of the exhaust pipe 6:

[0118] In some embodiments, the interface position between the exhaust pipe 6 and the circulating main line 7 is located on the pipeline except the water pump outlet pipe 73, the height of the interface position is h1, and the highest point height of the pipeline except the water pump outlet pipe 73 in the circulating main line 7 is h2. When h2-h1≤30mm, when the liquid cooling circulation system is in the exhaust stage, the liquid level of the coolant in the expansion water tank 1 continues to decrease.

[0119] Preferably, the interface between the exhaust pipe 6 and the main circulation line 7 is located at the highest point of the pipeline except the water pump outlet pipe 73 .

[0120] In some other embodiments, the interface between the exhaust pipe 6 and the main circulation line 7 is located on the water pump outlet pipe 73. A valve is provided on the exhaust pipe 6. The ratio of gas to liquid in the exhaust pipe 6 is controlled by adjusting the valve opening, so that the liquid level of the coolant in the expansion water tank 1 continues to decrease during the exhaust stage.

[0121] In some other embodiments, a second exhaust pipe 61 is further included, wherein a first port of the second exhaust pipe 61 is connected to the exhaust pipe 6, and a second port is connected to the main circulation line 7. Furthermore, valves are provided on the exhaust pipe 6 and the second exhaust pipe 61, and the exhaust effect can be further enhanced by setting multiple exhaust pipes. The gas-liquid ratio in the exhaust pipe is controlled by the opening of the valve, so that the liquid level of the coolant in the expansion water tank 1 continues to decrease during the exhaust stage.

[0122] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the liquid infusion tube 5 is greater than the diameter of the exhaust pipe 6 to further ensure that the liquid flow rate flowing out of the expansion water tank 1 through the liquid infusion tube 5 is greater than the liquid flow rate entering the expansion water tank 1 through the exhaust pipe 6 at the same time.

[0123] The present application also optimizes the structure of the expansion water tank 1 in the liquid cooling circulation system, and adopts an upper and lower separated expansion water tank structure. The lower expansion water tank is designed to compensate the upper expansion water tank for coolant and adjust the gas pressure. In addition, a water injection port is provided to inject the coolant into the pipeline system through gravitational potential energy. Compared with the conventional method of injecting coolant through an injection water pump, the operation is simpler and the injection operation can be completed without an additional injection water pump. It also avoids the problem of air suffocation in the pipeline caused by the injection water pump injecting too quickly.

[0124] Specifically, the expansion water tank 1 includes a shell, the interior of which is divided into an upper water chamber 111 and a lower water chamber 112. The upper water chamber 111 is located above the lower water chamber 112, and the two water chambers are separated by a partition. An exhaust pipe joint 13 and a liquid replenishing pipe joint 14 are respectively provided at the upper and lower parts of the outer side of the shell. One end of the exhaust pipe joint 13 is connected to the exhaust pipe 6, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the upper water chamber 111; one end of the liquid replenishing pipe joint 14 is connected to the liquid replenishing pipe 5, and the other end is connected to the expansion water tank liquid replenishing pipe 51. The pipe mouth of the expansion water tank liquid replenishing pipe 51 passes through the lower water chamber 112 and is connected to the lower end of the upper water chamber 111. When the coolant in the circulation main line 7 is insufficient, the coolant in the upper water chamber 111 flows to the circulation main line 7 through the expansion water tank liquid replenishing pipe 51 and the liquid replenishing pipe 5 in turn for liquid replenishment.

[0125] Specifically, a vertical expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 is provided inside the expansion tank 1, and the upper water chamber 111 is connected to the lower water chamber 112 through the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18; the shell at the position corresponding to the upper port of the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 bulges upward to form an upper gas collecting area 17, and the upper port of the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 is connected to the upper gas collecting area 17, that is, the plane where the upper port of the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 is located is lower than the top end surface of the shell at the upper gas collecting area 17, and is not lower than the top end surface of the shell at other positions except the upper gas collecting area 17, so that the gas in the upper water chamber 111 can be gathered in the upper gas collecting area 17 and enter the lower water chamber 112 through the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 in the working state; preferably, the bottom of the shell at the position corresponding to the lower port of the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 bulges downward to form a lower gas collecting area, and the lower port of the expansion tank exhaust pipe 18 is connected to the lower gas collecting area.

[0126] Specifically, the expansion water tank 1 also includes a pressure relief valve 16, which is arranged at the top of the lower water chamber 112. The pressure relief valve 16 automatically opens and closes according to the gas pressure in the lower water chamber 112. When the gas pressure in the lower water chamber 112 is too high, the pressure relief valve 16 automatically opens to discharge the gas in the lower water chamber 112 to relieve the pressure.

[0127] Specifically, the expansion water tank 1 also includes a liquid level measuring instrument 19 and a liquid level observation window 15. The liquid level measuring instrument 19 is arranged inside the lower water chamber 112, and the liquid level observation window 15 is arranged on the outside of the lower water chamber 112 corresponding to the position of the liquid level measuring instrument 19, and is used to monitor and observe the position of the coolant in the lower water chamber 112.

[0128] In some preferred embodiments, a water injection port 12 is further provided at the top of the upper water chamber 111, and the water injection port 12 is located at the highest point of the entire liquid cooling circulation system, so that the coolant injected through the water injection port 12 can flow into various parts of the system better by virtue of gravity potential energy; specifically, before the liquid cooling circulation system works, the coolant is injected from the water injection port 12 to fill the entire liquid cooling pipeline with coolant. Compared with the conventional method of injecting coolant through a water pump, the operation is simpler and the injection operation can be completed without an additional water pump, and the problem of air suffocation in the pipeline caused by too fast injection of the water pump can be avoided.

[0129] Specifically, the water injection port 12 includes a first water injection port 121 and a second water injection port 122 , wherein the first water injection port 121 is directly connected to the lower water chamber 112 through a pipeline, and the second water injection port 122 is connected to the upper water chamber 111 .

[0130] The use steps and working principles of the liquid cooling circulation system of the present application are as follows: when in the liquid filling stage before the liquid cooling circulation system starts working, open the second water filling port 122, and pour coolant into the upper water chamber 111 through it. At this time, the coolant will flow into the entire system through the expansion water tank replenishing pipe 51 and the exhaust pipe 6 until it is filled with coolant. Since the first water filling port 121 and the pressure relief valve 16 are in a closed state at this time, no coolant flows into the lower water chamber 112. When the coolant overflows from the second water filling port 122, it indicates that all pipelines and the upper water chamber 111 are filled with coolant. At this time, close the second water filling port 122, open the first water filling port 121, and inject coolant into the lower water chamber 112 through it until the coolant level in the lower water chamber 121 reaches a preset height. At this time, the lower part of the lower water chamber 121 is the coolant area, and the upper part is the gas area. Close the first water filling port 121 to complete the liquid filling stage. Among them, the coolant area in the lower water chamber 112 can compensate for the coolant in the upper water chamber so that the upper water chamber is always filled with coolant. The gas area in the lower water chamber 112 can adjust the air pressure in the entire system. When there is too much gas, it is discharged from the expansion water tank 1 through the exhaust valve.

[0131] After the liquid injection stage is completed, the exhaust stage begins. At this time, the water pump 3 is started, and the coolant in the main circulation line 7 and the residual gas flow in the pipeline. The gas in the main circulation line 7 flows into the upper water chamber 111 through the exhaust pipe 6. Since the upper water chamber 111 is filled with coolant, the gas will gather in the upper gas collecting area 17 and flow into the lower water chamber 112 through the expansion water tank exhaust pipe 18, and finally gather in the gas area above the lower water chamber 112. When the pressure in the gas area is too high, the pressure relief valve 16 is opened to discharge the expansion water tank 1, thereby achieving exhaust of the entire liquid cooling circulation system; at this stage, the gas in the main circulation line 7 continuously enters the expansion water tank 1, and the coolant in the main circulation line 7 is insufficient. The coolant in the upper water chamber 111 is replenished into the circulation loop by the liquid replenishing pipe 5, and the coolant in the upper water chamber 111 is reduced. The coolant in the lower water chamber 112 is compensated to the upper water chamber 111 through the expansion water tank exhaust pipe 18. Therefore, at this exhaust stage, the liquid level of the coolant in the lower water chamber 112 continues to decrease.

[0132] When the exhaust stage is over, the liquid level height area of ​​the coolant in the lower water chamber 112 is stable, and the liquid cooling circulation system enters the working stage. When the temperature of the high-power electronic device 4 is high and needs to be cooled, the electric heater module 10 is in a closed state, and the high-temperature coolant from the cooling pipeline at the end of the high-power electronic device 4 flows into the heat exchanger 2 through the heat exchanger water inlet pipe 71, and the coolant with a lower temperature is obtained by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 2. The coolant flows into the water pump 3 through the heat exchanger outlet pipe 72, and then flows into the bypass pipe 1021 and the internal fluid pipeline of the electric heater module 10 through the water pump outlet pipe 73 of the water pump 3, and finally merges into the electric heater outlet pipe 74 and then flows into the cooling pipeline at the end of the high-power electronic device 4; when the temperature of the high-power electronic device 4 is lower than the operating temperature, the electric heater module 10 is in an open state, and the coolant flowing into the internal fluid pipeline of the electric heater module 10 is heated, mixed with the unheated coolant flowing through the bypass pipe 1021, and then flows to the high-power electronic device 4 to heat it.

[0133] The above is a detailed introduction to the specific implementation methods of the present application. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric heater module, used for being connected in series in a main circulation line (7) of a liquid cooling circulation system to heat a high-power electronic device (4), comprising a first electric heater device (101), wherein the first electric heater device (101) comprises a shell and a heating element, a power control system and a liquid pipeline arranged inside the shell, and a liquid inlet pipe (1011) and a liquid outlet pipe (1012) are arranged on the outside of the shell, wherein the liquid inlet pipe (1011), the liquid outlet pipe (1012) and the liquid pipeline inside the first electric heater device (101) and the main circulation line (7) of the liquid cooling circulation system jointly form a fluid channel in communication, characterized in that: It also includes an external pipeline (102) located outside the first electric heater device (101), and the external pipeline (102) includes a bypass pipe (1021) for connecting the liquid inlet pipe (1011) and the liquid outlet pipe (1012).

2. The electric heater module according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a liquid cooling circulation system using the electric heater module (10) needs to meet specific index requirements, the rated power range of the first electric heater device (101) is 30 to 50 kW, and the diameters of the liquid inlet pipe (1011) and the liquid outlet pipe (1012) are 10 to 30 mm; The specific index requirements include: the rated flow rate of the coolant in the main line (7) of the liquid cooling circulation system is 6 to 8 m 3 / h, the diameter of the main pipe (7) is 40-60 mm; the lower limit of the operating environment temperature of the high-power electronic equipment (4) and the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature are -40°C and 15°C respectively.

3. The electric heater module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the bypass pipe (1021) is less than 30 mm.

4. The electric heater module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external pipeline (102) also includes a regulating valve, which is arranged on the bypass pipe (1021) and is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the bypass pipe (1021).

5. The electric heater module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heater module (10) further comprises a second electric heater device (101'), wherein the second electric heater device (101') is connected in parallel with the first electric heater device (101).

6. A design method for designing the electric heater module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, determining the lower limit of the operating environment temperature and the lower limit of the device startup temperature of the high-power electronic device (4); Step 2, determining the rated flow rate of the main pipe (7) of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high-power electronic device (4), the rated flow rate of the coolant, and the pipe diameter of the main pipe (7); Step 3, presetting the diameters of the liquid inlet pipe (1011) and the liquid outlet pipe (1012), and combining the parameters determined in steps 1 and 2 to calculate the diameter of the bypass pipe (1021) and the first rated power of the electric heater module (10); Step 4, determining the compensation power based on the rated flow of the liquid cooling circulation system flowing through the high-power electronic device (4), the lower limit of the operating environment temperature, the lower limit of the equipment startup temperature, and the diameter of the bypass pipe (1021); Step 5, determining a second rated power of the electric heater module (10) based on the first rated power and the compensation power; Step 6: Determine the model of the first electric heater device (101) based on the second rated power.

7. The design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step 3 further comprises the following steps: S31, determining the first rated power W1 based on the following formula: Among them, S 总 is the rated volume flow rate of the coolant in the main circulation line (7), v 总 is the rated flow rate of the coolant in the main circulation line (7), r 总 is the diameter of the main circulation line (7), r 电 is the diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (1011) or the liquid outlet pipe (1012) of the first electric heater device (101), ρ and C are the density and specific heat capacity of the coolant, respectively, and T d,min 、T e,min are respectively the lower limit of the startup temperature and the lower limit of the operating environment temperature of the high-power electronic device (4); S32, determining the diameter r of the bypass pipe (1021) based on the following formula: 旁 :

8. The design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compensation power W of step 4 补 Determined by the following formula:

9. The design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step 6 further comprises the following steps: S61, preselecting a model of the first electric heater device (101) based on the second rated power, and calculating the maximum temperature T of the coolant flowing through the first electric heater device (101) that needs to be heated according to the rated power of the preselected model; S62, compare the maximum temperature T obtained in S61 with the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim For comparison, when T≤T lim When the preselected first electric heater device model is determined to meet the requirements, the design is completed; otherwise, the preselected first electric heater device (101) model does not meet the requirements.

10. The design method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The maximum temperature T of the coolant heated in the preselected first electric heater device (101) is calculated based on the following formula: Among them, P e The rated power of the first electric heater device (101) is preselected.

11. The design method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes the following step 7: When the preselected first electric heater device (101) model does not meet the requirements, the method returns to step 3 or proceeds to step 8, wherein step 8 includes adding a second electric heater device (101') to the electric heater module (10), and the two electric heater devices are connected in parallel.

12. The design method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step 8 further comprises the following steps: S81, based on the temperature rise limit T of the coolant lim , the lower limit of the ambient temperature of the high-power electronic device (4), and determining the maximum power usage of the first electric heater device (101); S82, determining the model of the second electric heater device (101') based on the maximum usage power and the second rated power of the first electric heater device (101).

13. The design method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The maximum power W used by the first electric heater device (101) in S81 is determined based on the following formula: 1u :

14. A liquid cooling circulation system, characterized in that: It comprises a heat exchanger (2), a water pump (3), a main circulation line (7), and an electric heater module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electric heater module (10) is connected in series to the main circulation line (7).

Images