Severe patient pleural effusion drainage device and method based on drainage amount change

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a critical patient pleural effusion drainage device and method.The critical patient pleural effusion drainage device based on the drainage amount change comprises a box body and a liquid collecting cylinder arranged on the side portion of the box body through an elastic bearing mechanism, and further comprises a drainage pipe set and a drainage pipe, comprising a first catheter, a second catheter and a third catheter which are installed on the box body, the first catheter is connected with the second catheter through a conduction control mechanism, and the end, away from the second catheter, of the first catheter is connected with a drainage needle tube; the liquid collecting cylinder is provided with two through openings matched with the second catheter and the third catheter respectively so as to form a drainage channel of pleural effusion, finally, the function of automatically adjusting and changing the drainage amount is achieved, the whole drainage process is milder, discomfort and tension of a patient can be effectively reduced, and the drainage device is suitable for being used and popularized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a pleural effusion drainage device and method for critically ill patients based on drainage volume changes. Background Art

[0002] Pleural effusion is a common clinical symptom characterized by pathological fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity. Patients usually experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, cough and fever. In addition to drug treatment, for severe patients, medical staff generally use drainage to directly extract and remove pleural effusion, which requires the use of a special drainage device.

[0003] Existing fluid drainage devices usually use the principle of negative pressure suction when in use, that is, negative pressure is set at the collection end of the effusion, and the pleural effusion is sucked out during the negative pressure balance process. However, in the first stage of the above-mentioned drainage, the drainage rate of the effusion is often fast, which can easily lead to an unbalanced drainage progress of the effusion in the patient's pleural cavity, causing the patient to have obvious discomfort, and may also increase the patient's tension, making it difficult to achieve an ideal use effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume changes, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change, comprising a box body and a fluid collecting cylinder arranged on the side of the box body through an elastic supporting mechanism, and further comprising:

[0007] A drainage tube set, comprising a first catheter, a second catheter and a third catheter installed on the box body, wherein the first catheter and the second catheter are connected via a conduction control mechanism, an end of the first catheter away from the second catheter is connected to a drainage needle tube, and the fluid collection tube is provided with two through ports respectively adapted to the second catheter and the third catheter to form a drainage path for pleural effusion;

[0008] a negative pressure forming mechanism installed in the box and connected to the end of the third conduit away from the through port, the negative pressure forming mechanism being used to form a negative pressure inside the fluid collecting cylinder through the third conduit, so that when the valve provided on the second conduit is opened, the pleural effusion can flow through the drainage passage into the fluid collecting cylinder;

[0009] A follow-up mechanism is installed in the box and connects the negative pressure forming mechanism and the conduction control mechanism. The follow-up mechanism is triggered during the process of the pleural effusion being sucked into the fluid collecting cylinder, and drives the conduction control mechanism to reduce the cross-sectional conduction of the drainage path, so that the flow velocity change amplitude of the effusion in the drainage path is gradually reduced.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the negative pressure forming mechanism includes a negative pressure box fixed in the box body and a piston plate sealingly and slidably arranged in the negative pressure box, and a negative pressure chamber connected to the follower mechanism is formed between the piston plate and the top wall of the negative pressure box, the third conduit is connected to the negative pressure chamber, and an electric telescopic rod is also installed in the box body, and the movable end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the piston plate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the conduction control mechanism comprises a driven pipe member having two ends respectively connected to the first conduit and the second conduit in a sealing and rotatable manner, a circular boss is rotatably mounted in the first conduit, a plurality of through holes are provided on the circular boss, and a conduction adjustment component cooperating with the circular boss is provided in the driven pipe member;

[0012] Wherein, the driven pipe is also connected to the follower mechanism, and the follower mechanism can drive the driven pipe to rotate, thereby causing the conduction adjustment component to move along the axial direction of the first conduit.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the conduction adjustment assembly includes a movable ring movably arranged in the driven pipe member through two sets of telescopic connecting members, and a plurality of conical members fixed to the movable ring on a side facing the circular boss through a plurality of connecting columns, and the conical members are adapted to the through holes;

[0014] Among them, two spiral protrusions are equidistantly provided on the inner wall of the first conduit along the circumference, and two grooves matching the spiral protrusions are equidistantly provided on the side of the movable ring facing the spiral protrusions along the circumference, and a sleeve is also fixed at the eccentric position of the circular boss, and the sleeve is slidably fitted with a cross bar fixed in the movable ring.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the follower mechanism includes a balancing movable component arranged on the side of the negative pressure box and connected to the negative pressure chamber, and a sliding fitting structure arranged in the box body and connected to the driven pipe fitting. The balancing movable component is triggered when the pressure in the negative pressure chamber changes, and can prompt the sliding fitting structure to drive the driven pipe fitting to rotate.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the balancing movable assembly includes a cylinder fixedly mounted on the side of the negative pressure box and connected to the negative pressure chamber through two connecting pipes, a piston disc sealingly and slidably arranged inside the cylinder, and two columns fixedly connected to the piston disc, the two columns passing through the top of the cylinder and being sealingly and slidably connected to the cylinder;

[0017] Among them, the outer periphery of the column is sleeved with a first cylindrical spring, the two ends of the first cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the top wall of the cylinder and the piston disk, and the two columns are also fixedly connected with a cross arm, and the cross arm is connected to the sliding matching structure.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the sliding matching structure includes a guide rod fixed in the box body, a slider slidably arranged on the guide rod, and a driving ring slidably sleeved on the driven pipe and fixed to the slider, a follower rod is provided between the slider and the cross arm, and two ends of the follower rod are rotatably connected to the cross arm and the slider respectively;

[0019] Wherein, a slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the driven pipe, and the slide groove is arranged along a spiral, and a convex circle adapted to the slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the driving ring, and the convex circle extends into the slide groove and is slidably connected with the driven pipe.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: an installation chamber is provided on the side of the box body, and the elastic supporting mechanism includes two vertical rods fixedly installed in the installation chamber, two connecting blocks slidably arranged on the two vertical rods, and a supporting platform fixedly connected to the two connecting blocks, and a third cylindrical spring is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the vertical rod, one end of the third cylindrical spring is connected to the bottom wall of the installation chamber, and the other end is connected to the connecting block.

[0021] A method for draining pleural effusion in a critically ill patient using the pleural effusion drainage device for a critically ill patient based on drainage volume change comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: assemble the liquid collecting cylinder to the side of the box body through the elastic supporting mechanism, and make the two openings sealably docked with the second conduit and the third conduit respectively;

[0023] Step 2: Connect the drainage needle tube to the first catheter, insert the drainage needle tube into the patient's pleural effusion, and operate the negative pressure forming mechanism to form negative pressure in the fluid collection tube;

[0024] Step 3: Open the valve, and the pleural effusion will be sucked into the fluid collection cylinder through the first catheter, the conduction control mechanism and the second catheter in sequence, and the follower mechanism is triggered to prompt the conduction control mechanism to reduce the conduction amount of the drainage path;

[0025] Step 4: After drainage is completed, close the valve and remove the liquid collecting cylinder from the elastic supporting mechanism.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is novel in design. In actual use, after the installation of the fluid collecting cylinder is completed, first, the disposable drainage needle tube is connected to the first catheter, the negative pressure forming mechanism works, and a negative pressure is formed inside the fluid collecting cylinder through the third catheter, and then the valve is opened. Therefore, under the action of negative pressure suction, the pleural effusion will be sucked into the fluid collecting cylinder through the first catheter, the conduction control mechanism and the second catheter in sequence. During this process, the follow-up mechanism is triggered to drive the conduction control mechanism to reduce the cross-sectional conduction of the drainage path, so that the flow velocity change amplitude of the effusion in the drainage path is gradually reduced, avoiding obvious discomfort to the patient due to the excessively fast flow velocity of the effusion in the front stage of the drainage process. Therefore, the automatic adjustment and change function of the drainage volume is realized, making the entire drainage process more gentle, which can effectively reduce the patient's discomfort and tension, and is suitable for popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0028] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0029] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a box in an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of another angle inside the box of an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0032] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a negative pressure forming mechanism and a follower mechanism in an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural explosion diagram of a follow-up mechanism in an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0035] Fig. 9 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of a conduction control mechanism in an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on changes in drainage volume.

[0036] Fig.10 It is a structural explosion diagram of the conduction control mechanism in an embodiment of a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume changes.

[0037] In the figure: 1, box body; 2, liquid collecting cylinder; 201, port; 3, first conduit; 301, spiral protrusion; 302, circular boss; 4, second conduit; 401, valve; 5, third conduit; 6, negative pressure box; 7, piston plate; 8, electric telescopic rod; 9, cylinder; 10, piston disc; 11, first cylindrical spring; 12, second cylindrical spring; 13, third cylindrical spring; 14, guide cylinder; 1 5. Telescopic shaft; 16. Connecting pipe; 17. Cross arm; 18. Follower rod; 19. Guide rod; 20. Slider; 21. Driving ring; 2101. Cam; 22. Follower pipe; 2201. Slide groove; 23. Column; 24. Movable ring; 2401. Groove; 25. Connecting column; 26. Conical piece; 27. Vertical rod; 2701. Connecting block; 28. Support platform; 29. ​​Sleeve; 30. Cross rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 In an embodiment of the present invention, a pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change includes a box body 1 and a liquid collecting cylinder 2 arranged on the side of the box body 1 through an elastic supporting mechanism, and also includes:

[0041] A drainage tube set, comprising a first catheter 3, a second catheter 4 and a third catheter 5 installed on the box body 1, wherein the first catheter 3 and the second catheter 4 are connected via a conduction control mechanism, an end of the first catheter 3 away from the second catheter 4 is connected to a drainage needle tube, and the fluid collection cylinder 2 is provided with two through ports 201 respectively adapted to the second catheter 4 and the third catheter 5 to form a drainage path for pleural effusion;

[0042] A negative pressure forming mechanism is installed in the box body 1 and connected to the end of the third conduit 5 away from the through port 201. The negative pressure forming mechanism is used to form a negative pressure inside the liquid collecting cylinder 2 through the third conduit 5. When the valve 401 provided on the second conduit 4 is opened, the pleural effusion can flow into the liquid collecting cylinder 2 through the drainage path.

[0043] The follow-up mechanism is installed in the box body 1 and connects the negative pressure forming mechanism and the conduction control mechanism. The follow-up mechanism is triggered during the process of the pleural effusion being sucked into the fluid collecting cylinder 2, and drives the conduction control mechanism to reduce the cross-sectional conduction of the drainage path, so that the flow velocity change amplitude of the effusion in the drainage path is gradually reduced.

[0044] In actual use, after completing the installation of the fluid collecting cylinder 2, first, connect the disposable drainage needle tube to the first catheter 3, and the negative pressure forming mechanism works to form a negative pressure inside the fluid collecting cylinder 2 through the third catheter 5, and then open the valve 401. Therefore, under the action of negative pressure suction, the pleural effusion will be sucked into the fluid collecting cylinder 2 through the first catheter 3, the conduction control mechanism and the second catheter 4 in turn. During this process, the follow-up mechanism is triggered to drive the conduction control mechanism to reduce the cross-sectional conduction of the drainage path, so that the flow velocity change amplitude of the effusion in the drainage path is gradually reduced, avoiding obvious discomfort to the patient due to the excessive flow velocity of the effusion in the front stage of the drainage process. Therefore, the automatic adjustment and change function of the drainage volume is realized, making the entire drainage process more gentle, which can effectively reduce the patient's discomfort and tension, and is suitable for popularization and use.

[0045] Please refer again Figure 6 The negative pressure forming mechanism includes a negative pressure box 6 fixed in the box body 1 and a piston plate 7 sealingly and slidably arranged in the negative pressure box 6, and a negative pressure chamber connected to the follower mechanism is formed between the piston plate 7 and the top wall of the negative pressure box 6, and the third conduit 5 is connected to the negative pressure chamber. An electric telescopic rod 8 is also installed in the box body 1, and the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 8 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 7.

[0046] During operation, after the assembly of the fluid collecting cylinder 2 is completed, the electric telescopic rod 8 will work, which will drive the piston plate 7 to gradually slide toward the outside of the negative pressure box 6, so that the negative pressure box 6 and the interior of the fluid collecting cylinder 2 form a negative pressure, so that a pressure difference is generated between the interior of the fluid collecting cylinder 2 and the outside, ensuring that subsequent pleural effusion can be smoothly introduced into the fluid collecting cylinder 2.

[0047] Please refer again Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The conduction control mechanism includes a driven pipe 22 whose two ends are respectively connected to the first conduit 3 and the second conduit 4 in a sealed rotation manner. A circular boss 302 is rotatably mounted in the first conduit 3. The circular boss 302 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and a conduction adjustment component matched with the circular boss 302 is provided in the driven pipe 22. The driven pipe 22 is also connected to the follower mechanism, and the follower mechanism can drive the driven pipe 22 to rotate, so as to cause the conduction adjustment component to move along the axial direction of the first conduit 3.

[0048] The conduction adjustment assembly includes a movable ring 24 movably arranged in the driven pipe 22 through two sets of telescopic connectors and a plurality of conical members 26 fixed to the movable ring 24 on the side facing the circular boss 302 through a plurality of connecting columns 25, and the conical members 26 are adapted to the through hole. Two spiral protrusions 301 are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the first conduit 3 along the circumference, and two grooves 2401 adapted to the spiral protrusions 301 are equidistantly arranged on the side facing the spiral protrusions 301 of the movable ring 24 along the circumference, and a sleeve 29 is also fixed at the eccentric part of the circular boss 302, and the sleeve 29 is slidably fitted with a crossbar 30 fixed in the movable ring 24.

[0049] In detail, the telescopic connection member includes a guide cylinder 14 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the driven tube member 22, a telescopic shaft 15 slidably arranged in the guide cylinder 14 and fixedly connected to the movable ring 24, and a second cylindrical spring 12 arranged inside the guide cylinder 14, wherein the two ends of the second cylindrical spring 12 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder 14 and an end of the telescopic shaft 15 away from the movable ring 24, and when negative pressure is formed in the liquid collecting cylinder 2, under the support of the second cylindrical spring 12, the spiral protrusion 301 is matched with the groove 2401, that is, the movable ring 24 is in contact with the spiral protrusion 301, and the conical member 26 is completely inserted into the through hole, so that the through hole is in a blocked state;

[0050] During the operation of the negative pressure forming mechanism, the follower mechanism will drive the driven pipe member 22 to rotate in the positive direction. Correspondingly, the driven pipe member 22 drives the movable ring 24 to rotate through the guide cylinder 14 and the telescopic shaft 15. The movable ring 24 drives the circular boss 302 to rotate through the cross bar 30 and the sleeve 29. At this time, under the limiting action of the spiral protrusion 301, the movable ring 24 will give way, that is, move away from the circular boss 302. Correspondingly, the telescopic shaft 15 slides toward the inside of the guide cylinder 14, the second cylindrical spring 12 is compressed, and the conical member 26 gradually moves toward the outside of the through hole, so that the conduction area of ​​the through hole gradually increases. After the negative pressure forming mechanism is finished working, the through hole is fully conductive.

[0051] Subsequently, the valve 401 is opened and the drainage process begins. As the pressure in the negative pressure chamber is gradually balanced, the follower mechanism drives the driven tube 22 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the second cylindrical spring 12 can gradually rebound and reset, and the conical member 26 moves into the through hole, so that during the drainage process, the conduction area of ​​the through hole gradually decreases, and the flow velocity change amplitude of the accumulated fluid in the drainage path gradually decreases, making the entire drainage process more gentle, which can effectively reduce the patient's discomfort and tension.

[0052] Please refer again Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 The following mechanism includes a balancing movable assembly arranged at the side of the negative pressure box 6 and connected to the negative pressure chamber, and a sliding matching structure arranged in the box body 1 and connected to the driven pipe 22. The balancing movable assembly is triggered when the pressure in the negative pressure chamber changes, and can cause the sliding matching structure to drive the driven pipe 22 to rotate. The balancing movable assembly includes a cylinder 9 fixedly installed at the side of the negative pressure box 6 and connected to the negative pressure chamber through two connecting pipes 16, a piston disc 10 sealingly and slidingly arranged inside the cylinder 9, and two columns 23 fixedly connected to the piston disc 10. The two columns 23 penetrate the top of the cylinder 9 and are sealed and slidably connected to the cylinder 9. The outer periphery of the column 23 is sleeved with a first cylindrical spring 11, and the two ends of the first cylindrical spring 11 are respectively connected to the top wall of the cylinder 9 and the piston disc 10. The two columns 23 are also fixedly connected to a cross arm 17, and the cross arm 17 is connected to the sliding matching structure.

[0053] The sliding matching structure includes a guide rod 19 fixed in the box body 1, a slider 20 slidably arranged on the guide rod 19, and a driving ring 21 slidably sleeved on the driven pipe 22 and fixed to the slider 20. A follower rod 18 is provided between the slider 20 and the cross arm 17, and the two ends of the follower rod 18 are respectively rotatably connected to the cross arm 17 and the slider 20. A slide groove 2201 is provided on the outer wall of the driven pipe 22, and the slide groove 2201 is arranged along a spiral, and a convex circle 2101 adapted to the slide groove 2201 is provided on the inner wall of the driving ring 21, and the convex circle 2101 extends into the slide groove 2201 and is slidably connected to the driven pipe 22.

[0054] During the process of negative pressure formation in the negative pressure chamber, that is, when the electric telescopic rod 8 drives the piston plate 7 to slide toward the outside of the negative pressure box 6, the piston disc 10 will drive the column 23 to move upward, and accordingly, the first column spring 11 is compressed, and the cross arm 17 pushes the slider 20 to slide on the guide rod 19 close to the negative pressure box 6 through the follower rod 18, so that the slider 20 drives the driving ring 21 and the convex circle 2101 to move along the axial direction of the driven pipe 22, and the convex circle 2101 slides with the driven pipe 22 through the slide groove 2201, thereby causing the driven pipe 22 to rotate in the positive direction, and the through hole on the circular boss 302 is connected;

[0055] After the valve 401 is opened, drainage begins, and as the negative pressure is balanced, the first column spring 11 gradually extends, and the column 23 drives the cross arm 17 to move downward, so that the cross arm 17 pulls the slider 20 on the guide rod 19 to slide away from the negative pressure box 6 through the follower rod 18. Accordingly, the convex circle 2101 slides with the driven pipe fitting 22 again through the slide groove 2201, thereby prompting the driven pipe fitting 22 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the conduction area of ​​the through hole is gradually reduced.

[0056] Please refer again Figure 2 and Figure 6 A mounting chamber is provided on the side of the box body 1, and the elastic supporting mechanism includes two vertical rods 27 fixedly installed in the mounting chamber, two connecting blocks 2701 slidably arranged on the two vertical rods 27, and a supporting platform 28 fixedly connected to the two connecting blocks 2701. A third cylindrical spring 13 is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the vertical rod 27, one end of the third cylindrical spring 13 is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting chamber, and the other end is connected to the connecting block 2701.

[0057] In actual use, the staff needs to clean the liquid collecting cylinder 2 in advance to ensure that the liquid collecting cylinder 2 is clean, and then press the support platform 28 downward, and accordingly, the connecting block 2701 slides downward on the vertical rod 27, and the third column spring 13 is compressed. Then, the liquid collecting cylinder 2 is placed on the support platform 28, and the two through ports 201 are aligned with the second conduit 4 and the third conduit 5 respectively, and then the support platform 28 is released, and the third column spring 13 rebounds, and the liquid collecting cylinder 2 is lifted up, and the two through ports 201 are sealed and docked with the second conduit 4 and the third conduit 5 respectively;

[0058] The setting of the elastic supporting mechanism can realize the quick disassembly and assembly of the fluid collecting cylinder 2, thereby facilitating the medical staff to transfer the fluid collecting cylinder 2 containing pleural effusion and to remove the fluid collecting cylinder 2 for separate cleaning. Secondly, in order to ensure the smooth drainage, it is necessary to ensure the sealing of the connection between the second catheter 4 and the third catheter 5 and the two through ports 201. For this purpose, a sealing gasket is provided at the end of the through port 201 to ensure the reliability of the sealing connection and avoid the difficulty in the smooth conduct of the drainage process due to insufficient sealing.

[0059] As another embodiment of the present invention, a method for draining pleural effusion in critically ill patients using the pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change is also proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: assemble the liquid collecting cylinder 2 to the side of the box body 1 through the elastic supporting mechanism, and make the two openings 201 sealably connected with the second conduit 4 and the third conduit 5 respectively;

[0061] Step 2: Connect the drainage needle tube to the first catheter 3, insert the drainage needle tube into the patient's pleural effusion, and operate the negative pressure forming mechanism to form negative pressure in the fluid collecting tube 2;

[0062] Step 3, opening the valve 401, the pleural effusion will be sucked into the fluid collection tube 2 through the first catheter 3, the conduction control mechanism and the second catheter 4 in sequence, and the follower mechanism is triggered to prompt the conduction control mechanism to reduce the conduction amount of the drainage path;

[0063] Step 4: After the drainage is completed, the valve 401 is closed and the liquid collecting cylinder 2 is removed from the elastic supporting mechanism.

[0064] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0065] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume variation, comprising a box (1) and a fluid collecting cylinder (2) arranged on the side of the box (1) through an elastic supporting mechanism, characterized in that: Also includes: A drainage tube set, comprising a first catheter (3), a second catheter (4) and a third catheter (5) installed on the box (1), the first catheter (3) and the second catheter (4) being connected via a conduction control mechanism, the end of the first catheter (3) away from the second catheter (4) being connected to a drainage needle tube, and the fluid collection cylinder (2) being provided with two openings (201) respectively adapted to the second catheter (4) and the third catheter (5) to form a drainage passage for pleural effusion; a negative pressure forming mechanism installed in the box (1) and connected to an end of the third conduit (5) away from the through port (201); the negative pressure forming mechanism is used to form a negative pressure inside the liquid collecting cylinder (2) through the third conduit (5); when the valve (401) provided on the second conduit (4) is opened, pleural effusion can flow into the liquid collecting cylinder (2) through the drainage passage; A follower mechanism is installed in the box (1) and connects the negative pressure forming mechanism and the conduction control mechanism. The follower mechanism is triggered during the process of the pleural effusion being sucked into the fluid collecting cylinder (2), and drives the conduction control mechanism to reduce the cross-sectional conduction of the drainage path, so that the flow velocity change amplitude of the effusion in the drainage path is gradually reduced.

2. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure forming mechanism comprises a negative pressure box (6) fixed in the box body (1) and a piston plate (7) sealingly and slidably arranged in the negative pressure box (6), and a negative pressure chamber connected to the follower mechanism is formed between the piston plate (7) and the top wall of the negative pressure box (6), and the third conduit (5) is connected to the negative pressure chamber. An electric telescopic rod (8) is also installed in the box body (1), and the movable end of the electric telescopic rod (8) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (7).

3. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduction control mechanism comprises a driven pipe member (22) whose two ends are respectively connected to the first conduit (3) and the second conduit (4) in a sealed and rotatable manner, a circular boss (302) is rotatably mounted in the first conduit (3), a plurality of through holes are provided on the circular boss (302), and a conduction adjustment component cooperating with the circular boss (302) is provided in the driven pipe member (22); The driven pipe member (22) is also connected to the follower mechanism, and the follower mechanism can drive the driven pipe member (22) to rotate, thereby causing the conduction adjustment component to move along the axial direction of the first conduit (3).

4. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conduction adjustment component comprises a movable ring (24) movably arranged in the driven pipe (22) through two sets of telescopic connecting members, and a plurality of conical members (26) fixed to the movable ring (24) on a side facing the circular boss (302) through a plurality of connecting columns (25), wherein the conical members (26) are adapted to the through holes; In which, two spiral protrusions (301) are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the first conduit (3) along the circumference, and two grooves (2401) adapted to the spiral protrusions (301) are equidistantly arranged on the side of the movable ring (24) facing the spiral protrusions (301) along the circumference, and a sleeve (29) is also fixed at an eccentric position of the circular boss (302), and the sleeve (29) is slidably fitted with a cross bar (30) fixed in the movable ring (24).

5. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 3, characterized in that: The follower mechanism comprises a balancing movable component arranged on the side of the negative pressure box (6) and connected to the negative pressure chamber, and a sliding fitting structure arranged in the box body (1) and connected to the driven pipe (22). The balancing movable component is triggered when the pressure in the negative pressure chamber changes, and can prompt the sliding fitting structure to drive the driven pipe (22) to rotate.

6. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 5, characterized in that: The balancing movable assembly comprises a cylinder (9) fixedly mounted on the side of the negative pressure box (6) and connected to the negative pressure chamber via two connecting pipes (16), a piston disc (10) sealingly and slidably arranged inside the cylinder (9), and two columns (23) fixedly connected to the piston disc (10), wherein the two columns (23) penetrate the top of the cylinder (9) and are sealingly and slidably connected to the cylinder (9); The outer periphery of the column (23) is provided with a first cylindrical spring (11), the two ends of the first cylindrical spring (11) are respectively connected to the top wall of the cylinder (9) and the piston disc (10), and the two columns (23) are also fixedly connected with a cross arm (17), and the cross arm (17) is connected to the sliding matching structure.

7. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding matching structure comprises a guide rod (19) fixed in the box body (1), a slider (20) slidably arranged on the guide rod (19), and a driving ring (21) slidably sleeved on the driven pipe (22) and fixed to the slider (20); a follower rod (18) is provided between the slider (20) and the cross arm (17); two ends of the follower rod (18) are rotatably connected to the cross arm (17) and the slider (20) respectively; Wherein, a slide groove (2201) is provided on the outer wall of the driven pipe member (22), and the slide groove (2201) is arranged along a spiral, and a convex circle (2101) adapted to the slide groove (2201) is provided on the inner wall of the driving ring (21), and the convex circle (2101) extends into the slide groove (2201) and is slidably connected with the driven pipe member (22).

8. A pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the box body (1) is provided with an installation chamber, and the elastic supporting mechanism comprises two vertical rods (27) fixedly installed in the installation chamber, two connecting blocks (2701) respectively slidably arranged on the two vertical rods (27), and a supporting platform (28) fixedly connected to the two connecting blocks (2701), and the outer periphery of the vertical rod (27) is also sleeved with a third columnar spring (13), one end of the third columnar spring (13) is connected to the bottom wall of the installation chamber, and the other end is connected to the connecting block (2701).

9. A method for draining pleural effusion in critically ill patients using the pleural effusion drainage device for critically ill patients based on drainage volume change as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: assemble the liquid collecting cylinder (2) to the side of the box body (1) through an elastic supporting mechanism, and make the two openings (201) sealably connected to the second conduit (4) and the third conduit (5) respectively; Step 2: Connect the drainage needle tube to the first catheter (3), insert the drainage needle tube into the patient's pleural effusion, and activate the negative pressure forming mechanism to form negative pressure in the fluid collecting tube (2); Step 3, opening the valve (401), the pleural effusion will be sucked into the fluid collection cylinder (2) through the first catheter (3), the conduction control mechanism and the second catheter (4) in sequence, and the follower mechanism is triggered to prompt the conduction control mechanism to reduce the conduction amount of the drainage path; Step 4: After drainage is completed, the valve (401) is closed and the liquid collecting cylinder (2) is removed from the elastic supporting mechanism.

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