Extruding machine provided with forging and pressing movable sliding block and extruding process of extruding machine

Abstract

The extruding machine comprises a machine base, an extruding mechanism and a power mechanism, a front beam is installed at the front end of the machine base, a die holder is installed between an ingot containing barrel and the front beam and can slide to one side of the front beam, and the ingot containing barrel is installed at the position, close to the front beam, of the middle of the machine base and can be movably connected in a front-back positioning mode. A rear beam, a main cylinder, a main plunger and an extrusion rod are installed at the rear end of the machine base, the front beam and the rear beam are fixedly connected through a tension column, a movable sliding block can be installed between the ingot containing barrel and the mold base through a mechanical arm to be tightly pressed and connected in a sealed mode, and the surface of the end, close to the ingot containing barrel, of the movable sliding block is sprayed with a high-temperature-resistant release agent. According to the method, the defects of tail shrinkage, interlayer and looseness of the extruded profile can be effectively reduced, the density of a metal matrix of a normal high-extrusion-ratio product is achieved, a small-tonnage extruder can be used for producing a product of a high-tonnage extruder, and the production and investment cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extrusion equipment, and in particular to an extruder provided with a forging moving slide block and an extrusion process thereof. Background Art

[0002] An extruder is a mechanical device used for processing materials such as metals and plastics. It applies pressure to the material to cause it to undergo plastic deformation in the die, thereby obtaining the desired shape and size. The working principle of the extruder is to put the material into the extrusion barrel, and then apply pressure through the extrusion rod to extrude the material through the die. During the extrusion process, the material is subjected to high temperature and high pressure, which causes plastic deformation. There are many types of extruders, and different types of extruders can be selected according to different materials and processing requirements. For example, a metal extruder can be used to process metal materials such as aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and steel; a plastic extruder can be used to process plastic materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. The advantage of an extruder is that it can produce high-precision, high-quality products with high production efficiency and low cost. Therefore, it has been widely used in metal processing, plastic processing, food processing and other fields.

[0003] The current hot extrusion process (including forward extrusion and reverse extrusion) of non-ferrous metals including aluminum alloys and copper alloys is based on the alloy series (1-8 series) and model status (commonly used T4, T5, T6, etc.) to determine the extrusion ratio (generally 30-80). The disadvantage of the current extrusion process is that in order to ensure the quality of the product (no sandwich, layering, tail shrinkage) and production yield, it is necessary to use a large rod diameter and large tonnage extruder to increase the extrusion ratio, while leaving enough length of waste. References: 1. "Aluminum Profile Processing Practical Technology Manual" published by Central South University Press in June 2006, author: Luo Su; 2. "Non-ferrous Metal Processing", an academic journal sponsored by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association and Luoyang Nonferrous Metal Processing Design Institute, August 2014, Issue 4, Volume 43, "A Brief Analysis of the Causes and Prevention Measures of Aluminum Alloy Extrusion Tail", author: Wu Xikun.

[0004] The general process flow of most current extruders is as follows: 1. Forward extruder: main plunger retreats to zero → slide die seat is inserted → ingot cylinder is closed → mobile manipulator delivers rods → main cylinder fast forward → main cylinder working forward → exhaust → working forward pressure starts → material is discharged at peak pressure → material is discharged slowly; 2. Reverse extruder: main plunger and ingot barrel retreat to their original positions → slide mold seat in → move manipulator to start feeding rods → main cylinder and ingot barrel advance → exhaust → advance and start pressure → discharge at peak pressure → slowly discharge by unloading pressure.

[0005] At present, copper and aluminum profile extruders are prone to shrinkage, interlayers, and stratification when producing profile products with a low extrusion ratio of ≤25 or a wall thickness greater than 5.0mm. This trend is more obvious when producing solid profiles. In order to ensure the quality of the products, a considerable length of shrinkage material is cut at both ends of the extruded profile, thereby reducing the product yield and increasing production costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an extruder with a forging movable slider in view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and the above-mentioned background technology. The extruder has a reliable structure and automatic operation, which can effectively solve the defect of low product density when the extruder produces aluminum profiles with a small extrusion ratio, and improve the yield rate of product extrusion.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an extruder provided with a forging movable slider, including a machine base, an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism, the extrusion mechanism including a front beam, a die base, an ingot barrel, a rear beam, a main cylinder, a main plunger, an extrusion rod, a manipulator and a movable slider, the front end of the machine base is installed with a front beam, the die base is installed between the ingot barrel and the front beam and can slide to one side of the front beam, the ingot barrel is installed in the middle of the machine base close to the front beam and can be positioned and moved forward and backward, the rear end of the machine base is respectively installed with a rear beam, a main cylinder, a main plunger and an extrusion rod, the front beam and the rear beam are fixedly connected by a tension column, the movable slider can be installed between the ingot barrel and the die base by a manipulator for tight sealing connection, and the surface of the end close to the ingot barrel is sprayed with a high-temperature resistant release agent.

[0008] The extruder of the present invention has an additional "forging" process compared to the existing extruders during operation. The hydraulic cylinder pressure of the ingot barrel pushes the front end face of the ingot barrel to press the moving slider and the die seat, so that the rear end face of the die seat is tightly attached to the moving slider to seal the front end face of the ingot barrel. At this time, the main cylinder is pressed to the maximum pressure value of the machine, and the extrusion rod on the main plunger is pushed to extrude the aluminum rod (copper-aluminum alloy rod and other materials) in the ingot barrel. The maximum working pressure designed by the extruder is pressed into a high-density alloy rod melt, which is similar to the forging effect of metal; after the maximum pressure value of the extruder is maintained for ≥1 second, the ingot barrel retreats, and the moving slider is removed, and then the normal extrusion and discharging action is performed. After adopting the above structure, the moving slider of the present invention can be installed between the ingot barrel and the die seat by a manipulator. Since the front and rear end faces of the moving slider are respectively parallel to the front end face of the ingot barrel and the rear end face of the die seat, the working area of ​​the end face of the moving slider is equivalent to the maximum specification of the corresponding die of the extruder, so that the moving slider can be closely matched with the ingot barrel, the die, and the die seat when working, so as to ensure the sealing of the moving slider to the ingot barrel. At the same time, the surface of one end of the moving slider close to the ingot tube is sprayed with a high-temperature resistant release agent. After the forging process is completed, the moving slider is separated from the surface of the high-density alloy rod melt at high temperature to prevent the high-density alloy rod melt from adhering to the surface of the moving slider, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of metal processing and ensuring the smooth operation of extruded profile discharge.

[0009] Furthermore, the robot is installed on the side between the ingot holding barrel and the front beam, and its movement path is parallel to the rear end surface of the mold base.

[0010] After adopting the above structure, the robot arm of the present invention pushes the movable slider from the side to enter the center position of the end face of the mold installed on the mold base, avoiding damage caused by contact with the mold base.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable slider is in a block or cylindrical shape.

[0012] After adopting the above structure, the present invention can adopt moving sliders of different shapes to match manipulators, molds, etc. of different shapes.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable slider is made of H11 steel or H13 steel.

[0014] After adopting the above structure, the H11 steel and H13 steel used in the movable slider of the present invention are both hot working die steels with excellent performance, so that the movable slider can maintain good hardness and strength at high temperatures, is not easy to break when subjected to impact, can resist wear on the die surface, has good thermal fatigue performance, and can withstand repeated heating and cooling. The quality of the product extruded after forging is stable and reliable.

[0015] The present invention provides a forward extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging movable slider, comprising the following specific steps: (A)Forward extrusion machine (1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the mold to 460℃-500℃, the aluminum rod to 480℃, the ingot barrel to 380℃-420℃, the moving slider to 380-450℃, and the bladder locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm². (2) Extruder process action: Extruder starts (turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state) → Main plunger retreats (pushes the main cylinder backward by hydraulic means to return the main plunger to the origin position) → Sliding die seat enters (pushes the die seat into the working position by hydraulic means) → Moving slide moves in (drives the manipulator to push the moving slide into the working position by servo or hydraulic means) → Ingot barrel closes (closes the ingot barrel and pushes the ingot barrel forward to the standby position by hydraulic means) → Moves Move the manipulator to deliver the rod (the manipulator that transports the ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator transports the ingredients into the ingot barrel) → Main cylinder fast forward (the main cylinder is pushed hydraulically to make the main plunger move forward quickly (no-load speed)) → Main cylinder working advance (close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder pushes forward, and the ingredients expand in the ingot barrel) → Exhaust the ingot barrel (set the pressure range in the ingot barrel: 100-150kg / cm, maintain pressure for 1-2 seconds, the main cylinder retreats for 5-6 seconds, the ingot barrel retreats for 4-5 seconds, and then exhaust the air in the ingot barrel 4 ) → Main cylinder advances and presses to the maximum pressure value of the extruder 280-350MPA, and maintains pressure for ≥1 second (close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder pushes forward. The blank is compressed by the main plunger on the main cylinder in the ingot barrel, and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value and maintains the peak pressure) → Main cylinder retreats (pushes the main cylinder to slide backwards by hydraulic pressure and returns to the original position) → Ingot barrel retreats (pushes the ingot barrel to slide backwards to the standby position by hydraulic pressure) → Moving slider retreats (drives the manipulator to retreat the moving slider to the standby position by servo motor or hydraulic pressure) Machine position) → Ingot barrel closing (close the ingot barrel and push the ingot barrel into the working position hydraulically) → Main cylinder advancing (the main cylinder pushes the main plunger forward with a stable working pressure (220-300MPA)) → Ingot barrel peak pressure discharge (the pressure in the ingot barrel increases rapidly to the peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the extrusion force of the main plunger) → Ingot barrel slowly unloaded to discharge (the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot barrel is slowly unloaded to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion barrel, thereby stabilizing the discharge).

[0016] (3) Extrusion speed control: The extrusion speed should be controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 m / min to ensure the quality of the profile.

[0017] (4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and a qualified degree of forming. Take a sample 500mm from the front and rear ends of each straightened profile at a distance of 700mm to ensure that there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core, in order to meet national standards.

[0018] The present invention also provides a reverse extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging movable slider, comprising the following specific steps: (B) Reverse extruder (1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the mold to 460℃-500℃, the aluminum rod to 480℃, the ingot barrel to 380℃-420℃, the moving slider to 380-450℃, and the bladder locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm². (2) Extruder process action: Extruder starts (turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state) → Main cylinder and ingot barrel retreat (main cylinder and ingot barrel retreat: push the main cylinder and ingot barrel backward to slide back to the origin position by hydraulic method) → Sliding die seat enters (push the die seat into the working position by hydraulic method) → Moving slide moves in (drive the manipulator to push the moving slide into the working position by servo motor or hydraulic method) → Ingot barrel closes (close the ingot barrel, push the ingot barrel hydraulically) → The ingot barrel slides forward to the standby position) → Move the manipulator to feed the rod (the manipulator that transports the ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator transports the ingredients into the ingot barrel) → Main cylinder fast forward (hydraulically pushes the main oil cylinder forward quickly) → Main cylinder working advance (close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder pushes forward, and the ingredients expand in the ingot barrel) → Exhaust the ingot barrel (set the pressure range in the ingot barrel: 100-150kg / cm, maintain pressure for 1-2 seconds, the main cylinder retreats for 5-6 seconds, the ingot barrel retreats for 4-5 seconds, and then discharges the ingot barrel Air inside) → Main cylinder and ingot barrel are pressed to the maximum pressure of the extruder 280-350MPA and maintained for ≥1 second (the ingredients are compressed by the main plunger on the main cylinder in the ingot barrel, and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value and maintains the peak pressure) → Main cylinder retreats (the main cylinder is pushed back by hydraulic pressure to return to the origin position) → Ingot barrel retreats (the ingot barrel is pushed forward by hydraulic pressure to the standby position) → Moving slider retreats (the servo motor or hydraulic method drives the manipulator to return the moving slider to the standby position) → Ingot barrel closes (closes Close the ingot barrel and push the ingot barrel into the working position hydraulically) → Main cylinder and ingot barrel advance (the main cylinder and ingot barrel are pushed forward and the ingot barrel is pushed backward with a stable working pressure (220-300MPA)) → Ingot barrel peak pressure discharge (the pressure in the ingot barrel increases rapidly to the peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the action of the extrusion force of the main plunger) → Ingot barrel slowly depressurizes and discharges (the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot barrel is slowly depressurized to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion barrel and stabilize the discharge).

[0019] (3) Extrusion speed control: The extrusion speed should be controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 m / min to ensure the quality of the profile.

[0020] (4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and a qualified degree of forming. Take a sample 500mm from the front and rear ends of each straightened profile at a distance of 700mm to ensure that there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core, in order to meet national standards.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention over the existing extruders are as follows: the matrix metal density of the copper-aluminum alloy profiles produced by the extruder of the present invention is higher than the density of the products produced by the existing conventional extruders, which can effectively reduce the shrinkage, interlayer and loose defects of the extruded profiles and improve the product yield rate in the copper-aluminum alloy extrusion production process; in addition, when producing low extrusion ratio profiles, the product density can be improved to reach the metal matrix density of normal high extrusion ratio products, so that the products of high-tonnage extruders can be produced by small-tonnage extruders, which greatly reduces the production cost and the investment cost of equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals: 1. Machine base; 2. Front beam; 3. Mold base; 4. Ingot container; 5. Rear beam; 6. Master cylinder; 7. Main plunger; 8. Extrusion rod; 9. Robotic arm; 10. Move the slider; 11. Tension column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is: an extruder provided with a forging moving slider, including a machine base 1, an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism, the extrusion mechanism including a front beam 2, a die base 3, an ingot barrel 4, a rear beam 5, a main cylinder 6, a main plunger 7, an extrusion rod 8, a manipulator 9 and a moving slider 10, the front end of the machine base 1 is installed with a front beam 2, the die base 3 is installed between the ingot barrel 4 and the front beam 2, and can slide to one side of the front beam 2, the ingot barrel 4 is installed in the middle of the machine base 1 near the front beam 5 and can be positioned and moved forward and backward, the rear end of the machine base 1 is respectively installed with a rear beam 5, a main cylinder 6, a main plunger 7, and an extrusion rod 8, the front beam 2 and the rear beam 5 are fixedly connected by a tension column 11, the moving slider 10 can be installed between the ingot barrel 4 and the die base 3 through the manipulator 9 for tight sealing connection, and the surface of the end thereof close to the ingot barrel 4 is sprayed with a high temperature resistant release agent. The extruder of this specific embodiment adds a "forging" action process during operation compared with the existing extruder. The front end face of the ingot barrel 4 is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder pressure of the ingot barrel 4 to press the movable slider 10 and the die base 3, so that the rear end face of the die base 3 is tightly attached to the movable slider 10 to seal the front end face of the ingot barrel 4. At this time, the main cylinder 6 starts to press to the maximum pressure value of the machine, pushing the extrusion rod 8 on the main plunger 7 to extrude the aluminum rod (copper-aluminum alloy rod and other materials) in the ingot barrel 4, and is pressed into a high-density alloy rod melt by the maximum working pressure designed by the extruder, which is similar to the forging effect of metal; after the maximum pressure value of the extruder is maintained for ≥1 second, the ingot barrel 4 retreats, and the movable slider 10 is removed, and then normal extrusion and discharging action is performed. After adopting the above structure, the mobile slider 10 of this specific embodiment can be installed between the ingot barrel 4 and the die base 3 through the manipulator 9. Since the front and rear end faces of the mobile slider 10 are parallel to the front end face of the ingot barrel 4 and the rear end face of the die base 3 respectively, the working area of ​​the end face of the mobile slider 10 is equivalent to the maximum specification of the corresponding die of the extruder, so that the mobile slider 10 can be closely matched with the ingot barrel 4, the die, and the die base 3 when working, so as to ensure the sealing of the mobile slider 10 to the ingot barrel 4. At the same time, the surface of one end of the mobile slider 10 close to the ingot barrel 4 is sprayed with a high-temperature resistant release agent. After the forging process is completed, the mobile slider is separated from the surface of the high-density alloy rod melt at high temperature to prevent the high-density alloy rod melt from adhering to the surface of the mobile slider 10, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of metal processing and ensuring the smooth operation of extruded profile discharge.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the manipulator 9 is installed on the side between the ingot holding barrel 4 and the front beam 2, and its movement path is parallel to the rear end surface of the die base 3. When the manipulator 9 of this specific embodiment pushes the moving slider 10 from the side to enter the center position of the end surface of the mold installed on the die base 3, it avoids contact with the die base 3 to cause damage.

[0028] In this specific embodiment, the shape of the movable slider 10 is block-shaped or cylindrical. This specific embodiment can use movable sliders 10 of different shapes to match manipulators 9, molds, etc. of different shapes.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, the material of the movable slider 10 is H11 steel or H13 steel. The H11 steel and H13 steel used in the movable slider 10 of this specific embodiment are both hot-working die steels with excellent performance, so that the movable slider 10 can maintain good hardness and strength at high temperatures, is not easy to break when subjected to impact, can resist the wear of the die surface, has good thermal fatigue performance, and can withstand repeated heating and cooling. The quality of the product extruded after forging is stable and reliable. Example

[0030] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a forward extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging moving slide, comprising the following specific steps: Taking the forward extruder 6500T as an example, the extrusion rod diameter is φ406mm, the ingot barrel length is 1700mm, the equipment design maximum pressure is 330MPA, the equipment working pressure is 290MPA, and the hydraulic oil temperature is: ≤45℃.

[0031] 1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the mold to 460℃-500℃, the aluminum rod to 480℃, the ingot barrel 4 to 380℃-420℃, the moving slider 10 to 380-450℃, and the bladder locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm². 2) Extruder process action: a. Start the extruder: turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state.

[0032] b. Main plunger 7 moves backward: the main cylinder 6 is pushed hydraulically to slide backward, so that the main plunger 7 returns to the original position.

[0033] c. Sliding mold base 3 enters: the mold base 3 is pushed into the working position by hydraulic means.

[0034] d. Moving the slider 10 in: driving the manipulator 9 by servo or hydraulic means to push the moving slider 10 into the working position.

[0035] e. Closing the ingot barrel 4: Close the ingot barrel 4 and push the ingot barrel 4 forward to the standby position by hydraulic means.

[0036] f. Moving the manipulator 9 to deliver the rods: The manipulator 9 that delivers the ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator 9 delivers the ingredients into the ingot tube 4.

[0037] g. Master cylinder 6 fast forward: Push the master cylinder 6 hydraulically to make the master plunger 7 move forward quickly (at idle speed).

[0038] h. Main cylinder 6 advances: close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder 6 pushes forward, and the ingredients expand in the ingot tube 4.

[0039] i. Exhaust the ingot barrel 4: Set the pressure range in the ingot barrel 4 to 100-150kg / cm, maintain the pressure for 1-2 seconds, retreat the main cylinder 6 for 5-6 seconds, retreat the ingot barrel 4 for 4-5 seconds, and then exhaust the air in the ingot barrel 4.

[0040] j. The main cylinder 6 starts to pressurize to the maximum pressure value of the extruder 280-350MPA, and maintains the pressure for ≥1 second: close the filling valve and the auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder 6 pushes forward. The blank is compressed by the main plunger 7 on the main cylinder 6 in the ingot tube 4, and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value and maintains the peak pressure.

[0041] k. Master cylinder 6 retreats: the master cylinder 6 is pushed hydraulically to slide backward and return to the original position.

[0042] l. Ingot holding cylinder 4 retreats: the ingot holding cylinder 4 is pushed hydraulically to slide backward to the standby position.

[0043] m. Moving the slider 10 back: driving the manipulator 9 by a servo motor or hydraulic means to move the slider back to the standby position.

[0044] n. Closing of the ingot holding barrel 4: closing the ingot holding barrel 4 and hydraulically pushing the ingot holding barrel 4 into the working position.

[0045] o. Master cylinder 6 working advance: Master cylinder 6 pushes the main plunger 7 forward with a stable working pressure (220-300MPA).

[0046] p. Discharging at peak pressure of ingot barrel 4: The pressure inside ingot barrel 4 increases rapidly to a peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the extrusion force of main plunger 7.

[0047] q. The ingot holding cylinder 4 is slowly unloaded and pressed to discharge the material: the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot holding cylinder 4 is slowly unloaded to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion cylinder and stabilize the discharge.

[0048] 3) Segment speed control / constant speed control extrusion discharge: The extrusion speed should be controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 meters / minute to ensure the quality of the profile.

[0049] 4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and qualified forming degree. Check each straightened profile and take a sample of 500mm from the front and rear ends at a distance of 700mm to ensure there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core to meet national standards. Example

[0050] The specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a reverse extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging movable slider, comprising the following specific steps: Taking the reverse extruder 4000T as an example, the extrusion rod diameter is φ380mm, the ingot barrel length is 1600mm, the equipment design maximum pressure is 330MPA, the equipment working pressure is 290MPA, and the hydraulic oil temperature is: ≤45℃.

[0051] 1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the mold to 460℃-500℃, the aluminum rod to 480℃, the ingot barrel to 380℃-420℃, the moving slider to 380-450℃, and the bladder locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm². 2) Extruder process action: a. Start the extruder: turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state.

[0052] b. The main cylinder 6 and the ingot barrel 4 retreat: the main cylinder 6 and the ingot barrel 4 are pushed hydraulically to slide backward and return to the original position.

[0053] c. Sliding mold base 3 enters: the mold base 3 is pushed into the working position by hydraulic means.

[0054] d. Move the slider 10 to the center of the mold end surface: drive the manipulator 9 by a servo motor or hydraulic method to push the slider 10 into the working position.

[0055] e. Closing the ingot barrel 4: Close the ingot barrel 4 and push the ingot barrel 4 forward to the standby position by hydraulic means.

[0056] f. Moving the manipulator 9 to deliver the rods: The manipulator 9 that delivers the ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator 9 delivers the ingredients into the ingot tube 4.

[0057] g. Master cylinder 6 fast forward: Push the master cylinder 6 hydraulically to make the master plunger 7 move forward quickly (at idle speed).

[0058] h. Main cylinder 6 advances: close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, and the main cylinder 6 pushes forward, and the ingredients expand in the ingot tube 4.

[0059] i. Exhaust the ingot barrel 4: Set the pressure range in the ingot barrel 4 to 100-150kg / cm, maintain the pressure for 1-2 seconds, retreat the main cylinder 6 for 5-6 seconds, retreat the ingot barrel 4 for 4-5 seconds, and then exhaust the air in the ingot barrel 4.

[0060] j. The main cylinder 6 and the ingot barrel 4 start to press to the maximum pressure of the extruder 280-350MPA and maintain the pressure for ≥1 second: the ingredients are compressed by the main plunger 7 on the main cylinder 6 in the ingot barrel 4, and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value and maintains the peak pressure.

[0061] K. Master cylinder 6 retreat: push the master cylinder 6 to slide backwards by hydraulic pressure and return to the original position.

[0062] l. Ingot holding cylinder 4 retreats: The ingot holding cylinder 4 is pushed forward and slid to the standby position by hydraulic means.

[0063] m. Moving the slider 10 back: driving the manipulator 9 by a servo motor or hydraulic means to move the slider back to the standby position.

[0064] n. Closing of the ingot holding barrel 4: closing the ingot holding barrel 4 and hydraulically pushing the ingot holding barrel 4 into the working position.

[0065] o. Working advance of main cylinder 6 and ingot barrel 4: main cylinder 6 and ingot barrel 4 move forward and ingot barrel moves backward with stable working pressure (220-300MPA).

[0066] p. Discharging at peak pressure of ingot barrel 4: The pressure inside ingot barrel 4 increases rapidly to a peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the extrusion force of main plunger 7.

[0067] q. The ingot holding cylinder 4 is slowly unloaded and pressed to discharge the material: the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot holding cylinder 4 is slowly unloaded to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion cylinder and stabilize the discharge.

[0068] 3) Segment speed control / constant speed control extrusion discharge: The extrusion speed should be controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 meters / minute to ensure the quality of the profile.

[0069] 4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and qualified forming degree. Check each straightened profile and take a sample of 500mm from the front and rear ends at a distance of 700mm to ensure there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core to meet national standards.

[0070] The extruder of this specific embodiment adds a "forging" action process during operation compared with the existing extruder. The front end face of the ingot barrel 4 is pushed by the hydraulic cylinder pressure of the ingot barrel 4 to press the movable slider 10 and the die base 3, so that the rear end face of the die base 3 is tightly attached to the movable slider 10 to seal the front end face of the ingot barrel 4. At this time, the main cylinder 6 starts to press to the maximum pressure value of the machine, pushing the extrusion rod 8 on the main plunger 7 to extrude the aluminum rod (copper-aluminum alloy rod and other materials) in the ingot barrel 4, and is pressed into a high-density alloy rod melt by the maximum working pressure designed by the extruder, which is similar to the forging effect of metal; after the maximum pressure value of the extruder is maintained for ≥1 second, the ingot barrel 4 retreats, and the movable slider 10 is removed, and then normal extrusion and discharging action is performed.

[0071] The advantages of the specific implementation mode of the present invention over the existing extruders are as follows: the base metal density of the copper-aluminum alloy profiles produced by the extruder of the specific implementation mode is higher than the density of the products produced by the existing conventional extruders, which can effectively reduce the shrinkage, interlayer and loose defects of the extruded profiles, and improve the product yield rate in the copper-aluminum alloy extrusion production process; in addition, when producing low extrusion ratio profiles, the product density can be improved to reach the metal base density of normal high extrusion ratio products, so that the products of high-tonnage extruders can be produced by small-tonnage extruders, which greatly reduces the production cost and the investment cost of equipment.

[0072] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and does not limit other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field. As long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, they should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extruder provided with a forging movable slide block, comprising a machine base (1), an extrusion mechanism and a power mechanism, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism comprises a front beam (2), a die base (3), an ingot barrel (4), a rear beam (5), a main cylinder (6), a main plunger (7), an extrusion rod (8), a manipulator (9) and a movable slide block (10). The front end of the machine base (1) is provided with the front beam (2). The die base (3) is provided between the ingot barrel (4) and the front beam (2) and can slide to one side of the front beam (2). The ingot barrel (4) is provided in the middle of the machine base (1) near the front beam (5) and can be connected to the machine base for positioning and movement. The rear end of the machine base (1) is provided with the rear beam (5), the main cylinder (6), the main plunger (7) and the extrusion rod (8). The front beam (2) and the rear beam (5) are fixedly connected via a tension column (11). The movable slide block (10) can be provided between the ingot barrel (4) and the die base (3) via the manipulator (9) for tight sealing connection. The surface of the movable slide block (10) at one end near the ingot barrel (4) is sprayed with a high temperature resistant demoulding agent.

2. The extruder provided with a forging movable slide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manipulator (9) is installed on the side between the ingot holding cylinder (4) and the front beam (2), and its movement path is parallel to the rear end surface of the mold base (3).

3. The extruder provided with a forging movable slide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable slider (10) is in the shape of a block or a cylinder.

4. The extruder provided with a forging movable slide block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable slider (10) is made of H11 steel or H13 steel.

5. A forward extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging movable slide, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the die to 460-500°C, the aluminum rod to 480°C, the ingot barrel (4) to 380-420°C, the moving slider (10) to 380-450°C, and the bladder locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm²; 2) Extruder process action: a. Start the extruder: turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state; b. Main plunger (7) moves backward: the main cylinder (6) is pushed hydraulically to slide backward, so that the main plunger (7) returns to the original position; c. Sliding mold base (3) enters: hydraulically pushes the mold base (3) into the working position; d. Moving the slider (10) into position: driving the manipulator (9) by servo or hydraulic means to push the moving slider (10) into the working position; e. Closing the ingot cylinder (4): closing the ingot cylinder (4) and hydraulically pushing the ingot cylinder (4) to slide forward to the standby position; f. Mobile manipulator (9) feeding rods: The manipulator (9) for transporting ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator (9) transports the ingredients into the ingot tube (4); g. Master cylinder (6) fast forward: The master cylinder (6) is pushed hydraulically to cause the master plunger (7) to move forward quickly (at idle speed); h. Main cylinder (6) working: close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, push forward by the main cylinder (6), and the ingredients expand in the ingot tube (4); i. Exhaust of the ingot cylinder (4): Set the pressure range of the ingot cylinder (4) to 100-150kg / cm, maintain the pressure for 1-2 seconds, the main cylinder (6) retreats for 5-6 seconds, the ingot cylinder (4) retreats for 4-5 seconds, and then exhausts the air in the ingot cylinder (4); j. The main cylinder (6) starts to pressurize to the maximum pressure value of the extruder 280-350MPA, and the pressure is maintained for ≥1 second: the filling valve and the auxiliary cylinder are closed, and the main cylinder (6) pushes forward, and the blank is compressed by the main plunger (7) on the main cylinder (6) in the ingot tube (4), and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value, and the peak pressure is maintained; k. Master cylinder (6) retreats: the master cylinder (6) is pushed hydraulically to slide backward and return to the original position; l. The ingot cylinder (4) is withdrawn: the ingot cylinder (4) is pushed hydraulically to slide backward to the standby position; m. The movable slider (10) is withdrawn: the manipulator (9) is driven by a servo motor or hydraulic means to return the movable slider to the standby position; n. The ingot cylinder (4) is closed: the ingot cylinder (4) is closed and the ingot cylinder (4) is hydraulically pushed into the working position; o. Main cylinder (6) working advance: The main cylinder (6) advances the main plunger (7) forward at a stable working pressure (220-300MPA); p. Ingot barrel (4) peak pressure discharge: The pressure inside the ingot barrel (4) increases rapidly to a peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the extrusion force of the main plunger (7); q. The ingot cylinder (4) is slowly unloaded and discharged: the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot cylinder (4) is slowly unloaded to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion cylinder, thereby stabilizing the discharge; 3) Segment speed control / constant speed control extrusion discharge: The extrusion speed should be well controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 m / min to ensure the quality of the profile; 4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and qualified forming degree. Check each straightened profile and take a sample of 500mm from the front and rear ends at a distance of 700mm to ensure there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core to meet national standards.

6. A reverse extrusion process of an extruder provided with a forging movable slide, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Before starting the extruder: first heat the mold to 460℃-500℃, the aluminum rod to 480℃, the ingot barrel to 380℃-420℃, the moving slider to 380-450℃, and the liner locking pressure range: 120-150kg / cm²; 2) Extruder process action: a. Start the extruder: turn on the power switch, start the motor and hydraulic oil pump, and put the extruder into working state; b. The main cylinder (6) and the ingot cylinder (4) move backward: the main cylinder (6) and the ingot cylinder (4) are pushed back hydraulically to slide backward and return to the original position; c. Sliding mold base (3) enters: hydraulically pushes the mold base (3) into the working position; d. Moving the slider (10) into the center of the mold end surface: driving the manipulator (9) by a servo motor or hydraulic means to push the moving slider (10) into the working position; e. Closing the ingot cylinder (4): closing the ingot cylinder (4) and hydraulically pushing the ingot cylinder (4) to slide forward to the standby position; f. Mobile manipulator (9) feeding rods: The manipulator (9) for transporting ingredients moves to the working position, and the manipulator (9) transports the ingredients into the ingot tube (4); g. Master cylinder (6) fast forward: The master cylinder (6) is pushed hydraulically to cause the master plunger (7) to move forward quickly (at idle speed); h. Main cylinder (6) working: close the filling valve and auxiliary cylinder, push forward by the main cylinder (6), and the ingredients expand in the ingot tube (4); i. Exhaust of the ingot cylinder (4): Set the pressure range of the ingot cylinder (4) to 100-150kg / cm, maintain the pressure for 1-2 seconds, the main cylinder (6) retreats for 5-6 seconds, the ingot cylinder (4) retreats for 4-5 seconds, and then exhausts the air in the ingot cylinder (4); j. The main cylinder (6) and the ingot barrel (4) are pressed to the maximum pressure of the extruder 280-350MPA and the pressure is maintained for ≥1 second: the ingredients are compressed in the ingot barrel (4) by the main plunger (7) on the main cylinder (6), and the pressure increases rapidly to the peak value and maintains the peak pressure; K. Master cylinder (6) retreat: push the master cylinder (6) backwards by hydraulic pressure to return to the original position; l. The ingot cylinder (4) is retreated: the ingot cylinder (4) is pushed forward and slid to the standby position by hydraulic means; m. The movable slider (10) is withdrawn: the manipulator (9) is driven by a servo motor or hydraulic means to return the movable slider to the standby position; n. The ingot cylinder (4) is closed: the ingot cylinder (4) is closed and the ingot cylinder (4) is hydraulically pushed into the working position; o. Main cylinder (6) and ingot barrel (4) working advance: the main cylinder (6) and ingot barrel (4) are moved forward and backward at a stable working pressure (220-300MPA); p. Ingot barrel (4) peak pressure discharge: The pressure inside the ingot barrel (4) increases rapidly to a peak value, and the ingredients are discharged through the die under the extrusion force of the main plunger (7); q. The ingot cylinder (4) is slowly unloaded and discharged: the ingredients are extruded through the die, and the ingot cylinder (4) is slowly unloaded to reduce the friction between the ingredients and the extrusion cylinder, thereby stabilizing the discharge; 3) Segment speed control / constant speed control extrusion discharge: The extrusion speed should be well controlled during the extrusion process, and the outflow speed of the extruded profile should be controlled at 5-30 m / min to ensure the quality of the profile; 4) Material inspection: The extruded material must have a smooth surface, no longitudinal indentation or feel, and qualified forming degree. Check each straightened profile and take a sample of 500mm from the front and rear ends at a distance of 700mm to ensure there is no shrinkage, no interlayer, and no black band in the core to meet national standards.

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