Laser coaxial temperature-control constant-temperature process system

Abstract

The invention provides a laser coaxial temperature-control constant-temperature process system which comprises a laser welding system, a temperature control system and a control system, and the laser welding system comprises a laser welding unit; the PI D temperature control system and the PID temperature control system comprise a laser temperature measuring unit and a PID temperature control unit, the laser temperature measuring unit is used for detecting surface temperature data T1 of a product to be machined in real time, the PID temperature control unit sends a temperature adjusting instruction to the laser welding unit according to the surface temperature data T1, and the temperature adjusting instruction promotes the laser welding unit to adjust corresponding power; therefore, the surface temperature data T1 is ensured to be within a set constant temperature T2 range. According to the invention, the welding temperature can be accurately controlled, the welding processing is kept in a set constant-temperature state, the quality of a processed product is ensured, the welding depth and width are accurately controlled by controlling the focus position and power of the laser beam, selective processing is realized, and the precision processing requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell processing, and in particular to a laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement and development of science and technology, it has become an inevitable trend for fully automatic stringing machines to replace manual operations, both in terms of welding quality and cost control. Infrared lamp welding is currently the most commonly used method by fully automatic stringing machine manufacturers, and it is also a relatively mature welding method. During welding, the positive electrode of the battery cell faces upward, and the welding ribbon is fixed to the main grid line by a clamp. After that, infrared rays irradiate the entire battery cell to form a weld. However, existing infrared welding also has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. The temperature is not easy to control and the energy consumption is large. During the welding process, due to the fast heating speed, if the temperature is not properly controlled, the product is easy to deform, affecting the final product quality and high production cost.

[0004] 2. In terms of control processing, selective processing is not possible, only the entire surface can be processed;

[0005] 3. It is difficult to maintain consistent uniformity of temperature control, and the accuracy of temperature control does not meet the requirements of precision machining. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system, which can accurately control the welding temperature, so that the welding process maintains a set constant temperature state, ensure the quality of the processed product, and accurately control the welding depth and width by controlling the focal position and power of the laser beam. It can be selectively processed to meet the needs of precision processing.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system, comprising:

[0009] A laser welding system, the laser welding system comprising a laser welding unit;

[0010] PID temperature control system, the PID temperature control system includes a laser temperature measuring unit and a PID temperature control unit, the laser temperature measuring unit is used to detect the surface temperature data T1 of the product to be processed in real time, the PID temperature control unit makes a temperature adjustment instruction to the laser welding unit according to the surface temperature data T1, and the temperature adjustment instruction prompts the laser welding unit to adjust the corresponding power to ensure that the surface temperature data T1 is within the set constant temperature T2 range.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with a portion of the laser welding unit.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser output path L1 of the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with a portion of the laser output path L2 of the laser welding unit.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser temperature measurement unit includes a detection laser source, a detection laser fiber head and a detection laser beam expander which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the laser beam A output by the detection laser source.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser welding unit includes a welding laser source, a welding laser fiber head, a collimator, an aperture, a first reflector, a welding laser beam expander, a second reflector, a shaping device, a beam combiner, a galvanometer, and a field mirror which are arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the laser beam B output by the welding laser source.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser temperature measurement unit is located on one side of the beam combining mirror;

[0016] The laser output path L1 passing through the beam combiner is coaxially arranged with the laser output path L2 passing through the beam combiner.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the wavelength range of the detection laser of the laser temperature measuring unit acting on the product to be processed is 320nm to 1100nm.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the PID temperature control unit can receive infrared rays with a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser processing wavelength range of the laser welding unit is 266nm to 106400nm.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the laser temperature measurement unit further includes a detection adapter ring for installing and detecting the laser fiber head and a dimming tool for adjusting the laser beam B.

[0021] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention is provided with a PID temperature control unit to monitor and adjust the welding processing temperature in real time. By adjusting the corresponding power of the laser welding unit, the welding temperature is accurately controlled so that the welding process maintains a set constant temperature state to ensure the quality of the processed products. By controlling the focal position and power of the laser beam, the welding depth and width are accurately controlled. Selective processing can be performed to meet the needs of precision processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a laser coaxial temperature control and constant temperature process system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a laser output path L1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a laser output path L2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of a laser coaxial temperature control and constant temperature process system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Icons: 1. Welding laser source; 2. Welding laser fiber head; 3. Collimator; 4. Aperture; 5. First reflector; 6. Welding laser beam expander; 7. Second reflector; 8. Shaping device; 9. Beam combiner; 10. Galvanometer; 11. Field lens; 12. Detection laser source; 13. Detection laser fiber head; 14. Detection laser beam expander; 15. Detection adapter ring; 16. Dimming tooling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 A laser coaxial temperature control and constant temperature process system comprises: a laser welding system, the laser welding system comprises a laser welding unit; a PID temperature control system, the PID temperature control system comprises a laser temperature measuring unit and a PID temperature control unit, the laser temperature measuring unit is used to detect the surface temperature data T1 of the product to be processed in real time, the PID temperature control unit makes a temperature adjustment instruction to the laser welding unit according to the surface temperature data T1, and the temperature adjustment instruction prompts the laser welding unit to adjust the corresponding power to ensure that the surface temperature data T1 is within the set constant temperature T2 range.

[0034] Optionally, the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with part of the laser welding unit.

[0035] Optionally, the laser output path L1 of the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with a portion of the laser output path L2 of the laser welding unit.

[0036] Optionally, the laser temperature measurement unit includes a detection laser source, a detection laser fiber head and a detection laser beam expander which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the laser beam A output by the detection laser source.

[0037] Optionally, the laser welding unit includes a welding laser source, a welding laser fiber head, a collimator, an aperture, a first reflector, a welding laser beam expander, a second reflector, a shaping device, a beam combiner, a galvanometer, and a field mirror which are arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the laser beam B output by the welding laser source.

[0038] Optionally, the laser temperature measurement unit is located on one side of the beam combining mirror;

[0039] The laser output path L1 passing through the beam combiner is coaxially arranged with the laser output path L2 passing through the beam combiner.

[0040] Optionally, the detection laser of the laser temperature measuring unit acts on the product to be processed in a wavelength range of 320nm to 1100nm.

[0041] Optionally, the PID temperature control unit may receive infrared rays with a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm.

[0042] Optionally, the laser processing wavelength range of the laser welding unit is 266 nm to 106400 nm.

[0043] Optionally, the laser temperature measurement unit further includes a detection adapter ring for installing a detection laser fiber head and a dimming tool for adjusting the laser beam B.

[0044] Working principle of the present invention:

[0045] The present embodiment can be widely used in the photovoltaic industry for crystalline silicon wafers, cells and modules, perovskite cells and modules, including but not limited to photovoltaic cells, 0BB modules and stacked grid modules, etc. The present invention provides highly stable, high-precision and high-yield production conditions, greatly reduces the scrap rate of production and the adjustment time for changing products, has strong compatibility, high flexibility, strong convenience and easy maintenance.

[0046] In this embodiment, except for the detection laser source and the welding laser source, other components are arranged on the mounting plate, as shown in the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 , that is, the collimator, aperture, first reflector, welding laser beam expander, second reflector, shaping device, beam combiner, etc. are all installed on the same mounting plate, and the laser temperature measurement unit can detect the temperature of the surface to be processed in real time, among which, Figure 1 In the figure, the label K is the PID temperature control unit, and the laser temperature measuring unit and the PID temperature control unit are electrically connected. When the laser temperature measuring unit detects and obtains the temperature data, it is fed back to the PID temperature control unit. The PID temperature control unit issues a change instruction to the laser welding unit in a calculation and conversion manner according to the obtained temperature data to adjust the corresponding power to achieve the set constant temperature welding processing state. For example, when the laser temperature measuring unit detects that the surface of the battery is the surface temperature data T1, the PID temperature control unit performs real-time calculation and conversion according to the surface temperature data T1, obtains data instructions such as T2 and T3, and sends them to the laser welding unit to adjust the laser welding power to control the surface temperature data T1 to be within the set temperature T2 range at all times, thereby achieving constant temperature welding processing, wherein the data such as T2 and T3 change according to the data change of the surface temperature data T1. Figure 4 The dotted line portion is the working distance, range, and direction of the laser beam A or the laser beam B passing through the field lens 9, which is determined according to actual settings.

[0047] Specifically, it can be understood that the laser output path L1 passing through the beam combiner is coaxially arranged or overlapping with the laser output path L2 passing through the beam combiner, that is, the laser beam A passing through the beam combiner is coaxially arranged or overlapping with the laser beam B passing through the beam combiner. In this embodiment, the laser beam A and the laser beam B are not marked in the accompanying drawings, but it can be understood that the laser beam A is emitted along the laser output path L1 and the laser beam B is emitted along the laser output path L2.

[0048] The temperature measurement band of the beam combiner is 7.5-13μm, and the laser heating band is 1030-1080nm. The two wavelengths of laser are coaxial or overlapped together, and the beam combiner needs to be compatible with the detection of the two bands. The above two wavelengths of laser can be laser beam A and laser beam B.

[0049] The shaping device can set the final output light spot to circular light spot heating, square light spot and strip light spot. This solution uses a 150*10mm strip light spot for application. The device can be used for normal operation and processing in the 266nm-106400nm band.

[0050] Both welding laser beam expanders and detection laser beam expanders can amplify the required laser spot multiples in the same proportion, which can be set from 2 to 10 times. The device can be used in normal operation and processing in the band of 266nm-106400nm.

[0051] The first reflector and the second reflector can adjust the horizontal and vertical spot levels respectively. By adjusting the position and state of the first reflector, the light spot is ensured to be incident parallel to the welding laser beam expander. By adjusting the position and state of the second reflector, the light spot is ensured to enter the shaping device. The laser beam B enters the beam combiner after passing through the shaping mirror. Both the first reflector and the second reflector can be used for normal operation and processing in the wavelength band of 266nm-106400nm.

[0052] It should be noted that the welding laser fiber head can be a QBH / QCS fiber head. The welding laser fiber head is inserted into the collimator and then fixed on the mounting plate through the QBH / QCS fixing bracket. The divergence angle of the light spot can be adjusted through the collimator, and the light spot is adjusted to the center level through the aperture. The corresponding fixing plate of the collimator is used to adjust the pitch and horizontal directions to ensure that the light spot at the light outlet is parallel and centered.

[0053] We can invent circular, rectangular and strip spots that are compatible with laser welding processing, and can customize them according to application needs. The smallest spot is 20um, and the largest rectangular spot can reach 2.4*1.2m. In addition, it can also be used for all perovskite laser processing, from 100*100mm to 2.4m*1.2m cells. The laser processing technology is not limited to laser scribing, laser etching, laser edge cleaning, laser splitting, laser drilling, laser coding and other processes. It can also be used for laser processing of crystalline silicon cells, and can be used for cells from PERC, TOPCON, HJT, and XBC. The processing size is not limited to half-cell and full-cell cells, and can be used in 156*156-230*230, and half-cells have specifications such as 182*91-210*105. The laser processing technology of the present invention includes but is not limited to laser film opening, laser oxidation, laser etching, laser direct writing, laser SE, laser sintering, laser window opening, laser thinning, laser repair, laser heating, laser annealing, laser transfer, laser passivation, laser crystallization, laser non-destructive cutting and other laser processes. In this embodiment, it can also be used in PERC, TOPCON, HJT, XBC and perovskite component junction boxes, welding strips, EVA, cell string welding processes, etc. The laser processing technology is not limited to laser welding, laser removal, laser cutting, laser scribing and other processes. The present invention can work on the wavelength range of 320nm to 1100nm of silicon wafers. Specifically, the peak absorption wavelength is 900nm. The present invention can receive infrared rays in the short-wave and long-wave infrared bands (7 to 14μm), while silicon wafers are opaque in this band, meeting the detection range conditions of the laser detection unit. The PID temperature control unit can convert and adjust the laser emission power of the laser welding unit in real time. Specifically, it can be used for new processes such as 0BB laser plate welding of photovoltaic crystalline silicon cells (TOPCON / HJT / XBC), laser welding of stacked grids, etc.

[0054] In this embodiment, the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with part of the laser welding unit. The laser welding unit can output infrared light to realize infrared light welding. The coaxial temperature control of the laser temperature measuring unit and the laser welding unit combines the advantages of infrared welding and temperature control, and can realize an efficient and precise welding process and the advantages of coaxial temperature control infrared welding.

[0055] The present embodiment has efficient heat conversion: infrared welding technology has high heating efficiency and less heat loss, and can directly heat the object without heating the surrounding air. Accurate temperature control can monitor the temperature of the welding area in real time to ensure that the welding process is carried out within the set temperature range and improve the welding quality. Non-contact welding: It avoids mechanical extrusion of the welding point, reduces mechanical stress damage, and has less thermal effect, which is suitable for precision welding. High degree of automation: It is equipped with a PID temperature control unit and a laser temperature measurement unit, and an integrated temperature real-time feedback system, which can achieve high-efficiency, high-precision, high-reliability and high-quality automated welding. Reduce production loss: Since the welding temperature can be accurately controlled, the process debugging time can be reduced and the production loss cost can be reduced. In addition, high-precision welding can be achieved. By controlling the focal position of the laser beam of the laser welding unit and the laser emission power of the laser welding unit, the welding depth and width can be accurately controlled. No contact: Laser welding is a non-contact welding technology. The laser beam does not need to directly contact the surface of the workpiece to complete the welding process, reducing the risk of deformation of the workpiece. The present embodiment has a fast welding speed, and the high energy density of the laser beam can quickly heat and cool the metal material, thereby shortening the welding cycle. The heat affected zone is small. The heat generated by laser welding is mainly concentrated in the welding area, resulting in a smaller heat affected zone, which helps to maintain the original performance and material properties of the workpiece. It is widely applicable to materials and can process a variety of materials, including metals, plastics, composite materials, etc., with strong adaptability. Automation and integration, the laser welding system is easy to automate and is suitable for integrated production lines in modern manufacturing, which improves the flexibility and consistency of production. In summary, this embodiment has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and non-contact.

[0056] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system, characterized in that: include: A laser welding system, the laser welding system comprising a laser welding unit; PID temperature control system, the PID temperature control system includes a laser temperature measuring unit and a PID temperature control unit, the laser temperature measuring unit is used to detect the surface temperature data T1 of the product to be processed in real time, the PID temperature control unit makes a temperature adjustment instruction to the laser welding unit according to the surface temperature data T1, and the temperature adjustment instruction prompts the laser welding unit to adjust the corresponding power to ensure that the surface temperature data T1 is within the set constant temperature T2 range.

2. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with a portion of the laser welding unit.

3. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser output path L1 of the laser temperature measuring unit is coaxially arranged with a portion of the laser output path L2 of the laser welding unit.

4. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser temperature measurement unit comprises a detection laser source, a detection laser fiber head and a detection laser beam expander which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the laser beam A output by the detection laser source.

5. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The laser welding unit includes a welding laser source, a welding laser fiber head, a collimator, an aperture, a first reflector, a welding laser beam expander, a second reflector, a shaping device, a beam combiner, a galvanometer, and a field mirror, which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the laser beam B output by the welding laser source.

6. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser temperature measurement unit is located on one side of the beam combining mirror; The laser output path L1 passing through the beam combiner is coaxially arranged with the laser output path L2 passing through the beam combiner.

7. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength range of the detection laser of the laser temperature measuring unit acting on the product to be processed is 320nm to 1100nm.

8. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The PID temperature control unit can receive infrared rays with a wavelength of 7 μm to 14 μm.

9. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser processing wavelength range of the laser welding unit is 266nm to 106400nm.

10. The laser coaxial temperature control constant temperature process system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser temperature measurement unit also includes a detection adapter ring for installing and detecting the laser fiber head and a dimming tool for adjusting the laser beam B.

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