A PPE material based on carbon nanotubes and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and discloses a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes and a preparation method thereof. The PPE material prepared by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 8-15 parts of high-impact polystyrene, 8-12 parts of modified carbon nanotubes, 5-9 parts of modified flame retardant, 1-2 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant, and 0.5-2 parts of lubricant; it is an antistatic and flame retardant material based on carbon nanotubes; wherein the modified carbon nanotubes can improve the conductivity of the matrix, thereby improving the antistatic performance, and the modified flame retardant can synergize with the phosphate group in the modified carbon nanotubes to significantly improve the flame retardant performance of the matrix.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and in particular to a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyphenylene ether (PPE) is a high-performance engineering plastic with excellent heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and electrical insulation properties. It is widely used in the fields of electronics, automobiles, machinery and medical treatment. In high-precision and high-cleanliness industrial fields such as electronics, automobile manufacturing, and medical equipment, electrostatic protection is essential. Static electricity can not only cause equipment failure and product damage, but also cause safety accidents such as fire and explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to make antistatic modifications according to the use environment of PPE materials. Generally, the antistatic properties of PPE materials are obtained by adding conductive fillers, antistatic agents or blending with other materials.

[0003] As a conductive filler, carbon nanotubes have poor dispersibility in PPE materials, which leads to limited conductivity and antistatic properties of the materials. Therefore, they need to be modified to improve their dispersibility in the matrix and thus improve the antistatic properties of the materials. In addition, considering the limited flame retardancy of PPE materials, flame retardants can also be added to further improve the flame retardancy of the materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a carbon nanotube-based PPE material and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A carbon nanotube-based PPE material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 8-15 parts of high-impact polystyrene, 8-12 parts of modified carbon nanotubes, 5-9 parts of modified flame retardant, 1-2 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant, and 0.5-2 parts of lubricant;

[0007] The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, and the lubricant is polyethylene wax;

[0008] The modified carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps:

[0009] Step A1, evenly disperse tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in ethanol, transfer to an ice-water bath, add triethylamine and stir for 30 minutes, then slowly drop acryloyl chloride, raise the temperature to 50-60°C and stir to react for 4 hours, then pour the mixture into 10°C deionized water and vacuum filter, wash, dry and purify to obtain an intermediate product;

[0010] Step A2, the intermediate product, phosphoric acid, urea and deionized water are mixed and stirred evenly, the temperature is raised to 45-55° C., stirred and reacted for 7-9 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 95° C., reacted for 3-5 hours, washed and dried to obtain a phosphate product;

[0011] Step A3, styrene, maleic anhydride and phosphoric acid product are mixed and stirred evenly, and then azobisisobutyronitrile and isoamyl acetate are added and mixed and stirred evenly, and then ultrasonic treatment is performed for 15-25 minutes, nitrogen is introduced for 20 minutes, and then placed in an oil bath at 65-75° C. to react for 5-7 hours, centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain a hydrophilic polymer;

[0012] Step A4, ultrasonically dispersing the pretreated carbon nanotubes in xylene for 30 minutes, recorded as a mixed solution;

[0013] Step A5, dispersing the hydrophilic polymer in xylene uniformly, adding the mixed solution, and transferring to an oil bath, reacting at 90-110° C. for 0.5-1.5 h, then cooling to 85° C., adding triethylamine, and continuing the reaction for 24-36 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;

[0014] Furthermore, in step A1, the usage ratio of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, ethanol, triethylamine, acryloyl chloride and deionized water is 0.01-0.02 mol: 100 mL: 0.5-1 mL: 0.02-0.04 mol: 200 mL;

[0015] Further, in step A2, the usage ratio of the intermediate product, phosphoric acid, urea and deionized water is 1.75-3.5 g: 3.92-7.84 g: 0.18-0.36 g: 40 mL;

[0016] Further, in step A3, the usage ratio of styrene, maleic anhydride, phosphoric acid product, azobisisobutyronitrile and isoamyl acetate is 0.01-0.02 mol: 0.01-0.02 mol: 0.8-1.6 g: 0.015-0.03 g: 50 mL;

[0017] Further, the ratio of the pre-treated carbon nanotubes to xylene in the mixed solution of step A4 is 1.5-2.5 g: 100 mL;

[0018] Furthermore, the pre-treated carbon nanotubes in step A4 are prepared by the following steps: 10 g of carbon nanotubes are evenly dispersed in 50 mL of deionized water, 2-4 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added, and the temperature is raised to 45° C. and stirred for reaction for 5-7 hours, and then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain the pre-treated carbon nanotubes;

[0019] Furthermore, the carbon nanotubes are dispersed in deionized water using ultrasound;

[0020] Furthermore, in step A5, the usage ratio of the hydrophilic polymer, xylene, the mixed solution and triethylamine is 3.5-4.5 g:100 mL:100 mL:15-20 mL.

[0021] The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0022] Step B1, 1-vinylimidazole, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and benzoin dimethyl ether are added into a flask, mixed and stirred evenly, irradiated under 100W, 365nm ultraviolet light for 15-30min, then n-hexane is added, stirred evenly and precipitated, rotary evaporated and dried to obtain a functional monomer;

[0023] Step B2, stir tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisiloxane in deionized water for 10-20 minutes, then add ethanol, continue stirring for 2.5-3.5 hours, then add functional monomer and stir to react for 1-2 hours, then add 10wt% ammonia water, transfer to a 60°C water bath and let stand for 30-50 minutes, centrifuge, wash and dry to obtain a modified flame retardant;

[0024] Further, in step B1, the usage ratio of 1-vinylimidazole, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, benzoin dimethyl ether and n-hexane is 0.09-0.27 mol: 0.1-0.3 mol: 0.0035-0.01 g: 100 mL;

[0025] Furthermore, in step B2, the dosage ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, hexamethyldisiloxane, deionized water, ethanol, functional monomer and ammonia water is 0.08-0.1 mol: 0.02-0.04 mol: 10 mL: 90 mL: 0.01-0.03 mol: 2-3 mL.

[0026] A method for preparing a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes comprises the following steps:

[0027] The raw materials are weighed by weight, and the polyphenylene ether resin, high impact polystyrene, modified carbon nanotubes, modified flame retardant, compatibilizer, antioxidant and lubricant are evenly mixed in a high-speed mixer. The mixture is put into a twin-screw extruder for melting, extrusion, granulation and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube-based PPE material. The mixing speed is 300-500rpm and the extrusion temperature is 260-280°C.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The PPE material prepared by the present invention is an antistatic and flame retardant material based on carbon nanotubes; the modified carbon nanotubes can improve the conductivity of the matrix, thereby improving the antistatic performance, and the modified flame retardant can synergistically act with the phosphate groups in the modified carbon nanotubes to significantly improve the flame retardant performance of the matrix.

[0030] In the modified carbon nanotubes, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) and acryloyl chloride are first reacted to obtain an intermediate product; the hydroxyl group on the intermediate product is then reacted with phosphoric acid to obtain a phosphate product containing a double bond structure and a phosphate group; maleic anhydride, styrene and the phosphate product are then used as raw materials to synthesize a hydrophilic polymer; finally, the amino group on the pre-treated carbon nanotubes is reacted with the maleic anhydride in the hydrophilic polymer to graft the hydrophilic polymer onto the carbon nanotubes to obtain the modified carbon nanotubes. Modified carbon nanotubes are based on carbon nanotubes as the substrate and hydrophilic polymers are grafted on the surface to improve the conductivity of the substrate, thereby effectively improving the antistatic performance of the substrate; among them, carbon nanotubes themselves have excellent conductivity, but due to poor dispersion in the substrate, the improvement of antistatic performance is limited, and the grafting of hydrophilic polymers improves the dispersion of carbon nanotubes, thereby improving the conductivity of the substrate and the antistatic performance; the hydrophilic polymers on the modified carbon nanotubes can also adsorb water molecules in the air on the surface of the substrate to form a conductive water film, thereby effectively reducing the generation and accumulation of static electricity on the surface of the substrate and improving the antistatic performance. In addition, carbon nanotubes can also synergize with high-impact polystyrene to improve the mechanical properties of the substrate.

[0031] In the modified flame retardant, the functional monomer is first obtained by the "click" reaction between 1-vinyl imidazole and 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane; then the modified flame retardant is obtained by using tetraethyl orthosilicate, hexamethyldisiloxane and functional monomer as raw materials. The imidazole structure and organosilicon structure in the modified flame retardant can synergize with the phosphoric acid group in the modified carbon nanotubes to significantly improve the flame retardant properties of the matrix. This is because the imidazole structure can slow down the combustion by preventing or reducing the thermal decomposition products, and absorb heat to slow down or stop the combustion process; the organosilicon structure will generate a stable carbon layer containing Si-O and Si-C bonds during the combustion process. This carbon layer can inhibit the further thermal decomposition of the polymer material and prevent the escape of the combustion decomposition products, thereby achieving the flame retardant, low smoke and low toxicity effects; and the phosphoric acid group can decompose to produce compounds such as phosphate esters, which can act as free radical scavengers to effectively prevent the thermal decomposition of molecular chains and delay the combustion process of polymers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1: Modified carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps:

[0034] Step A1, 0.01 mol of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was dispersed evenly in 100 mL of ethanol, transferred to an ice water bath, 0.5 mL of triethylamine was added and stirred for 30 min, then 0.02 mol of acryloyl chloride was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 50° C. and stirred for 4 h, then the mixture was poured into 200 mL of 10° C. deionized water and vacuum filtered, washed, dried and purified to obtain an intermediate product;

[0035] Step A2, 1.75 g of the intermediate product, 3.92 g of phosphoric acid, 0.18 g of urea and 40 mL of deionized water were mixed and stirred evenly, heated to 45° C., stirred and reacted for 7 h, then heated to 95° C., reacted for 3 h, washed and dried to obtain a phosphate product;

[0036] Step A3, 0.01 mol of styrene, 0.01 mol of maleic anhydride and 0.8 g of a phosphate product were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 0.015 g of azobisisobutyronitrile and 50 mL of isoamyl acetate were added and stirred evenly, and then ultrasonic treatment was performed for 15 min, nitrogen was introduced for 20 min, and then placed in a 65° C. oil bath to react for 5 h, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a hydrophilic polymer;

[0037] Step A4, dispersing 1.5 g of pre-treated carbon nanotubes in 100 mL of xylene by ultrasonic for 30 min, which is referred to as a mixed solution;

[0038] Step A5, 3.5 g of the hydrophilic polymer was evenly dispersed in 100 mL of xylene, 100 mL of the mixed solution was added, and the mixture was transferred to an oil bath, reacted at 90° C. for 0.5 h, then cooled to 85° C., 15 mL of triethylamine was added, and the reaction was continued for 24 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;

[0039] The pretreated carbon nanotubes in step A4 are prepared by the following steps: 10 g of carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in 50 mL of deionized water by ultrasonication, 2 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added, and the mixture is heated to 45° C. and stirred for reaction for 5 h to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes.

[0040] The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0041] Step B1, add 0.09 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.1 mol 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 0.0035 g benzoin dimethyl ether into a flask, mix and stir evenly, irradiate under 100 W, 365 nm ultraviolet light for 15 min, then add 100 mL n-hexane, stir evenly and precipitate, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain a functional monomer;

[0042] Step B2: Stir 0.08 mol of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.02 mol of hexamethyldisiloxane in 10 mL of deionized water for 10 min, then add 90 mL of ethanol and continue stirring for 2.5 h, then add 0.01 mol of functional monomer and stir for 1 h, then add 2 mL of 10 wt% ammonia water, transfer to a 60 ° C water bath and let stand for 30 min, centrifuge, wash and dry to obtain a modified flame retardant. ‌‌‌‌

[0043] Example 2: Modified carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps:

[0044] Step A1, 0.015 mol of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was evenly dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol, transferred to an ice water bath, 0.75 mL of triethylamine was added and stirred for 30 min, then 0.03 mol of acryloyl chloride was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 55° C. and stirred for 4 h, then the mixture was poured into 200 mL of 10° C. deionized water and vacuum filtered, washed, dried and purified to obtain an intermediate product;

[0045] Step A2, 2.55 g of the intermediate product, 5.88 g of phosphoric acid, 0.27 g of urea and 40 mL of deionized water were mixed and stirred evenly, the temperature was raised to 50° C., stirred and reacted for 8 h, and then the temperature was raised to 95° C., reacted for 4 h, washed and dried to obtain a phosphate product;

[0046] Step A3, 0.015 mol of styrene, 0.015 mol of maleic anhydride and 1.2 g of the phosphoric acid product were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 0.022 g of azobisisobutyronitrile and 50 mL of isoamyl acetate were added and stirred evenly, and then ultrasonic treatment was performed for 20 min, nitrogen was introduced for 20 min, and then placed in a 70° C. oil bath to react for 6 h, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a hydrophilic polymer;

[0047] Step A4, dispersing 2 g of pre-treated carbon nanotubes in 100 mL of xylene by ultrasonic for 30 min, which is recorded as a mixed solution;

[0048] Step A5, 4 g of the hydrophilic polymer was evenly dispersed in 100 mL of xylene, 100 mL of the mixed solution was added, and the mixture was transferred to an oil bath, reacted at 100 ° C for 1 h, then cooled to 85 ° C, 17.5 mL of triethylamine was added, and the reaction was continued for 30 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;

[0049] The pretreated carbon nanotubes in step A4 are prepared by the following steps: 10 g of carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in 50 mL of deionized water by ultrasonication, 3 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added, and the mixture is heated to 45° C. and stirred for 6 h to obtain pretreated carbon nanotubes.

[0050] The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0051] Step B1, add 0.18 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.2 mol 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 0.007 g benzoin dimethyl ether into a flask, mix and stir evenly, irradiate under 100 W, 365 nm ultraviolet light for 25 min, then add 100 mL n-hexane, stir evenly and precipitate, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain a functional monomer;

[0052] Step B2, 0.09 mol of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.03 mol of hexamethyldisiloxane were stirred in 10 mL of deionized water for 15 min, and then 90 mL of ethanol was added, and stirring was continued for 3 h, and then 0.02 mol of functional monomer was added and stirred for 1.5 h, and then 2.5 mL of 10 wt% ammonia water was added, and the mixture was transferred to a 60 ° C water bath and allowed to stand for 40 min, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a modified flame retardant.

[0053] Example 3: Modified carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps:

[0054] Step A1, 0.02 mol of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was evenly dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol, transferred to an ice water bath, 1 mL of triethylamine was added and stirred for 30 min, then 0.04 mol of acryloyl chloride was slowly added dropwise, and the temperature was raised to 60° C. and stirred for 4 h, then the mixture was poured into 200 mL of 10° C. deionized water and vacuum filtered, washed, dried and purified to obtain an intermediate product;

[0055] Step A2, 3.5 g of the intermediate product, 7.84 phosphoric acid, 0.36 g of urea and 40 mL of deionized water were mixed and stirred evenly, heated to 55° C., stirred and reacted for 9 h, then heated to 95° C., reacted for 5 h, washed and dried to obtain a phosphate product;

[0056] Step A3, 0.02 mol of styrene, 0.02 mol of maleic anhydride and 1.6 g of a phosphate product were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 0.03 g of azobisisobutyronitrile and 50 mL of isoamyl acetate were added and stirred evenly, and then ultrasonic treatment was performed for 25 min, nitrogen was introduced for 20 min, and then placed in a 75° C. oil bath to react for 7 h, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a hydrophilic polymer;

[0057] Step A4, dispersing 2.5 g of pre-treated carbon nanotubes in 100 mL of xylene by ultrasonic for 30 min, which is recorded as a mixed solution;

[0058] Step A5, 4.5 g of the hydrophilic polymer was evenly dispersed in 100 mL of xylene, 100 mL of the mixed solution was added, and the mixture was transferred to an oil bath, reacted at 110° C. for 1.5 h, then cooled to 85° C., 20 mL of triethylamine was added, and the reaction was continued for 36 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;

[0059] The pretreated carbon nanotubes in step A4 are prepared by the following steps: 10 g of carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in 50 mL of deionized water by ultrasonication, 4 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added, and the mixture is heated to 45° C. and stirred for reaction for 7 h to obtain the pretreated carbon nanotubes.

[0060] The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0061] Step B1, add 0.27 mol 1-vinylimidazole, 0.3 mol 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 0.01 g benzoin dimethyl ether into a flask, mix and stir evenly, irradiate under 100 W, 365 nm ultraviolet light for 30 min, then add 100 mL n-hexane, stir evenly and precipitate, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain a functional monomer;

[0062] Step B2, 0.1 mol of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 0.04 mol of hexamethyldisiloxane were stirred in 10 mL of deionized water for 20 min, and then 90 mL of ethanol was added, and stirring was continued for 3.5 h, and then 0.03 mol of functional monomer was added and stirred for 2 h, and then 3 mL of 10 wt% ammonia water was added, and the mixture was transferred to a 60 ° C water bath and allowed to stand for 50 min, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a modified flame retardant.

[0063] Example 4: A method for preparing a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes comprises the following steps:

[0064] 50 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 8 parts of high impact polystyrene, 8 parts of modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 1, 5 parts of modified flame retardant prepared in Example 1, 1 part of maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 0.5 parts of polyethylene wax;

[0065] The raw materials were weighed by weight, and the polyphenylene ether resin, high impact polystyrene, the modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 1, the modified flame retardant prepared in Example 1, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, antioxidant 1010 and polyethylene wax were uniformly mixed in a high-speed mixer, and the mixture was put into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, granulation and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube-based PPE material, the mixing speed was 300 rpm, and the extrusion temperature was 260°C.

[0066] Example 5: A method for preparing a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes comprises the following steps:

[0067] 60 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 12 parts of high impact polystyrene, 10 parts of modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 2, 7 parts of modified flame retardant prepared in Example 2, 1.5 parts of maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, 1 part of antioxidant 1010, and 1 part of polyethylene wax;

[0068] The raw materials were weighed by weight, and the polyphenylene ether resin, high impact polystyrene, the modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 2, the modified flame retardant prepared in Example 2, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, antioxidant 1010 and polyethylene wax were evenly mixed in a high-speed mixer, and the mixture was put into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, granulation and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube-based PPE material, the mixing speed was 400 rpm, and the extrusion temperature was 270°C.

[0069] Example 6: A method for preparing a PPE material based on carbon nanotubes comprises the following steps:

[0070] 70 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 15 parts of high impact polystyrene, 12 parts of modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 3, 9 parts of modified flame retardant prepared in Example 3, 2 parts of maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, 1.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, and 2 parts of polyethylene wax;

[0071] The raw materials were weighed by weight, and the polyphenylene ether resin, high impact polystyrene, the modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 3, the modified flame retardant prepared in Example 3, maleic anhydride-styrene copolymer, antioxidant 1010 and polyethylene wax were evenly mixed in a high-speed mixer, and the mixture was put into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, granulation and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube-based PPE material, the mixing speed was 500 rpm, and the extrusion temperature was 280°C.

[0072] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is a PPE material. The difference from Example 6 is that commercially available carbon nanotubes are used instead of the modified carbon nanotubes prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0073] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is a PPE material. The difference from Example 6 is that the commercially available organosilicon flame retardant FS-16 is used instead of the modified flame retardant prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0074] The PPE materials prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to performance tests:

[0075] Flame retardant performance test: tested according to UL 94-2006 standard, sample thickness 1.6mm; Antistatic performance test: tested the surface resistivity of PPE composite materials under IEC60093 standard conditions; Tensile performance: tested according to GB / T 1040-2006 standard, tensile rate 50mm / min;

[0076] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0077] Table 1: Performance test results

[0078]

[0079] It can be seen from Table 1 that the flame retardant grade of the PPE material prepared by the present invention is V0 after the flame retardant performance, antistatic performance and tensile performance tests, and the surface resistivity is (9.8×10 4 -8.7×10 5 )Ω / m 2 , the tensile strength is (64-69) MPa, indicating that the material has excellent flame retardant properties, antistatic properties and tensile strength.

[0080] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the concept of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PPE material based on carbon nanotubes, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polyphenylene ether resin, 8-15 parts of high impact polystyrene, 8-12 parts of modified carbon nanotubes, 5-9 parts of modified flame retardant, 1-2 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of antioxidant and 0.5-2 parts of lubricant; The modified carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps: Step A1, evenly disperse tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane in ethanol, transfer to an ice-water bath, add triethylamine and stir for 30 minutes, then slowly drop acryloyl chloride, raise the temperature to 50-60°C and stir to react for 4 hours, then pour the mixture into 10°C deionized water and vacuum filter, wash, dry and purify to obtain an intermediate product; Step A2, the intermediate product, phosphoric acid, urea and deionized water are mixed and stirred evenly, the temperature is raised to 45-55° C., stirred and reacted for 7-9 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 95° C., reacted for 3-5 hours, washed and dried to obtain a phosphate product; Step A3, styrene, maleic anhydride and phosphoric acid product are mixed and stirred evenly, and then azobisisobutyronitrile and isoamyl acetate are added and mixed and stirred evenly, and then ultrasonic treatment is performed for 15-25 minutes, nitrogen is introduced for 20 minutes, and then placed in an oil bath at 65-75° C. to react for 5-7 hours, centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain a hydrophilic polymer; Step A4, dispersing 1.5-2.5 g of pre-treated carbon nanotubes in 100 mL of xylene by ultrasonic for 30 min, which is referred to as a mixed solution; Step A5, dispersing the hydrophilic polymer in xylene uniformly, adding the mixed solution, and transferring to an oil bath, reacting at 90-110° C. for 0.5-1.5 h, then cooling to 85° C., adding triethylamine, and continuing the reaction for 24-36 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain modified carbon nanotubes; The modified flame retardant is prepared by the following steps: Step B1, 1-vinylimidazole, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and benzoin dimethyl ether are added into a flask, mixed and stirred evenly, irradiated under 100W, 365nm ultraviolet light for 15-30min, then n-hexane is added, stirred evenly and precipitated, rotary evaporated and dried to obtain a functional monomer; Step B2, stir tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisiloxane in deionized water for 10-20 minutes, then add ethanol, continue stirring for 2.5-3.5 hours, then add functional monomer and stir to react for 1-2 hours, then add 10wt% ammonia water, transfer to a 60°C water bath and let stand for 30-50 minutes, centrifuge, wash and dry to obtain a modified flame retardant.

2. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A1, the dosage ratio of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, ethanol, triethylamine, acryloyl chloride and deionized water is 0.01-0.02 mol:100 mL:0.5-1 mL:0.02-0.04 mol:200 mL.

3. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the intermediate product, phosphoric acid, urea and deionized water in step A2 is 1.75-3.5 g: 3.92-7.84 g: 0.18-0.36 g: 40 mL.

4. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, the usage ratio of styrene, maleic anhydride, phosphoric acid product, azobisisobutyronitrile and isoamyl acetate is 0.01-0.02 mol: 0.01-0.02 mol: 0.8-1.6 g: 0.015-0.03 g: 50 mL.

5. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A5, the usage ratio of the hydrophilic polymer, xylene, the mixed solution and triethylamine is 3.5-4.5 g:100 mL:100 mL:15-20 mL.

6. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreated carbon nanotubes are prepared by the following steps: 10 g of carbon nanotubes are evenly dispersed in 50 mL of deionized water, 2-4 mL of silane coupling agent KH-550 is added, and the temperature is raised to 45° C. and stirred for reaction for 5-7 hours, and then filtered, washed and dried to obtain the pretreated carbon nanotubes.

7. A carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B1, the usage ratio of 1-vinylimidazole, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, benzoin dimethyl ether and n-hexane is 0.09-0.27 mol: 0.1-0.3 mol: 0.0035-0.01 g: 100 mL.

8. The carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B2, the dosage ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, hexamethyldisiloxane, deionized water, ethanol, functional monomer and ammonia water is 0.08-0.1 mol: 0.02-0.04 mol: 10 mL: 90 mL: 0.01-0.03 mol: 2-3 mL.

9. A method for preparing the carbon nanotube-based PPE material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The raw materials are weighed by weight, and the polyphenylene ether resin, high impact polystyrene, modified carbon nanotubes, modified flame retardant, compatibilizer, antioxidant and lubricant are evenly mixed in a high-speed mixer. The mixture is put into a twin-screw extruder for melting, extrusion, granulation and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube-based PPE material. The mixing speed is 300-500rpm and the extrusion temperature is 260-280°C.

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