Sleeper type track structure, sleeper slab type track structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a sleeper type track structure, and belongs to the technical field of railway ballastless track structures, the sleeper type track structure comprises a steel rail, a long sleeper, a base, a bolt assembly and a foundation, the steel rail is installed on the long sleeper, the long sleeper is fixed on the base through the bolt assembly, and the base is fixed on the foundation; platforms are arranged on the two sides of the long sleeper in the longitudinal direction of a line, and fine adjustment thread assemblies are embedded in the two ends of the platforms. A steel rail is installed on a long sleeper, the long sleeper is fixed to a base through a bolt assembly, and the base is fixed to a foundation; the platforms are arranged on the two sides of the long sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the line, the fine adjustment threaded assemblies are embedded in the two ends of the platforms, vertical adjustment can be conveniently conducted in cooperation with the fine adjustment threaded rods in the construction process, and the constructability of the long sleeper is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway ballastless track structures, in particular to a sleeper-type track structure and a sleeper-slab track structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of railway ballastless track structures, traditional technologies mainly rely on long sleeper or continuous sleeper slab structures, which play an important role in providing stability and bearing capacity.

[0003] When laying traditional long-sleeper or continuous sleeper slab structures, the lower foundation is usually required to have high flatness and stability. However, in actual operation, due to geological conditions, environmental factors or long-term loads, the lower foundation may deform, thus affecting the stability and safety of the track structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a sleeper-type track structure and a sleeper-plate track structure and a construction method, which are used to solve the defects of the traditional long sleeper type in the prior art and improve the on-site construction quality.

[0005] The present invention provides a sleeper-type track structure, comprising: a steel rail, a long sleeper, a base, a bolt assembly and a foundation, wherein the steel rail is installed on the long sleeper, the long sleeper is fixed to the base through the bolt assembly, and the base is fixed to the foundation; platforms are arranged on both sides of the long sleeper along the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-adjustment threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the platform.

[0006] According to a pillow-type track structure provided by the present invention, the pillow-type track structure further includes a cover plate, and the cover plate is installed on the platform.

[0007] According to a pillow-type track structure provided by the present invention, the base is arranged in a group of two long sleepers along the longitudinal direction of the track, and a grid is provided between the two bases.

[0008] According to a pillow-type track structure provided by the present invention, a first layer of mortar bags and a second layer of mortar bags are arranged between the long sleepers and the base.

[0009] According to a pillow-type track structure provided by the present invention, the base has an embedded sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the long sleepers, the first layer of mortar bags, and the second layer of mortar bags. The long sleepers, the first layer of mortar bags, the second layer of mortar bags, and the base are assembled into a whole through a bolt assembly.

[0010] The present invention also provides a sleeper plate type track structure, comprising: a steel rail, a sleeper plate, a base, a bolt assembly and a foundation, wherein the steel rail is installed on the sleeper plate, the sleeper plate is fixed to the base by the bolt assembly, and the base is fixed to the foundation; the sleeper plate is provided with platforms on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-tuning threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the platform.

[0011] According to a sleeper plate type track structure provided by the present invention, the sleeper plate type track structure further comprises a cover plate, and the cover plate is installed on the platform.

[0012] According to a sleeper plate type track structure provided by the present invention, the base is arranged in a group with a sleeper plate along the longitudinal direction of the line, and a grid is provided between two bases; a first layer of mortar bags and a second layer of mortar bags are provided between the sleeper plate and the base.

[0013] According to a sleeper plate type track structure provided by the present invention, the base has an embedded sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the sleeper plate, the first layer of mortar bags, and the second layer of mortar bags. The sleeper plate, the first layer of mortar bags, the second layer of mortar bags, and the base are assembled into a whole through a bolt assembly.

[0014] According to a sleeper plate type track structure provided by the present invention, the sleeper plate type track structure further includes a boss, a boss installation space is reserved in the middle of the sleeper plate, and the boss matches the internal threaded sleeve embedded in the base.

[0015] The sleeper track structure provided by the present invention is achieved by installing rails on long sleepers, the long sleepers are fixed to a base through bolt assemblies, and the base is fixed to a foundation; platforms are arranged on both sides of the long sleepers along the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-adjustment threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the platforms, which facilitates vertical adjustment with fine-adjustment screws during construction, thereby increasing the constructability of the long sleepers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is an overall structural diagram of the pillow type track structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the pillow track structure of the present invention (using double eccentric sleeves); Figure 3 An exploded view of the pillow track structure of the present invention (using multi-stage sleeves); Figure 4 It is the overall structural diagram of the sleeper plate track structure of the present invention; Figure 5 An exploded view of the sleeper plate track structure of the present invention (using double eccentric sleeves and cast-in-place bosses); Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the sleeper plate track structure of the present invention (using multi-stage sleeves and cast-in-place bosses); Figure 7 An exploded view of the sleeper plate track structure of the present invention (using double eccentric sleeves and prefabricated bosses); Figure 8 An exploded view of the sleeper plate track structure of the present invention (using multi-stage sleeves and prefabricated bosses); Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of a prefabricated reinforced concrete boss of a sleeper slab track structure of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of a bolt assembly of a pillow type or sleeper plate type track structure of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a construction flow chart of the pillow track structure of the present invention; Fig.12 The present invention is a flowchart of the construction of the sleeper plate track structure.

[0018] Reference numerals: 10. Rails; 20. Long sleepers; 21. First platform; 30. Sleeper plate; 31. Second platform; 40. Fine-adjustment sleeve; 50. Fine-adjustment screw rod; 60. Bolt assembly; 61. Rubber nut; 62. Split pin; 63. Nut; 64. Heavy spring washer; 65. Bolt cover plate; 66. Screw rod; 70. Cover plate; 80. Grille; 90. First layer mortar bag; 100. Second layer mortar bag; 110. Base; 120. Double eccentric sleeve; 130. Multi-stage sleeve; 140. Cast-in-place boss; 150. Precast reinforced concrete boss; 151. Boss steel pipe; 152. Boss concrete; 160. Internally threaded sleeve; 170. Resin; 180. Gate-type steel bar; 190. Foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on Figure 1 The orientation and position of the pillow-type track structure shown in normal placement are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0023] The present invention provides a pillow track structure, see Figure 1-Figure 2 , including: a rail 10, a long sleeper 20, a base 110, a bolt assembly 60 and a foundation 190, the rail 10 is installed on the long sleeper 20, the long sleeper 20 is fixed to the base 110 by the bolt assembly 60, and the base 110 is fixed to the foundation 190; the long sleeper 20 is provided with a first platform 21 on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-tuning threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the first platform 21.

[0024] By installing the rail 10 on the long sleeper 20, the long sleeper 20 is fixed to the base 110 by the bolt assembly 60, and the base 110 is fixed to the foundation 190; the long sleeper 20 is provided with a first platform 21 on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-adjustment threaded components are embedded at both ends of the first platform 21. Because the track needs to be adjusted vertically during construction, the fine-adjustment threaded component is embedded in the plate and has a thread inside. The vertical position is adjusted by the fine-adjustment threaded component, which is convenient for vertical adjustment with the fine-adjustment screw 66 during construction, thereby increasing the constructability of the long sleeper 20.

[0025] Exemplarily, the fine adjustment thread assembly includes a fine adjustment sleeve 40 and a fine adjustment screw 50. The fine adjustment sleeve 40 is pre-buried in the plate, and a thread is arranged inside the fine adjustment sleeve 40. The fine adjustment screw 50 is inserted and then rotated to adjust the vertical position.

[0026] Exemplarily, the reserved through hole penetrates the long sleeper 20 along the thickness direction of the long sleeper 20 to facilitate the subsequent installation of the bolt assembly 60 .

[0027] Exemplarily, the long sleeper 20 is a factory-prefabricated structure. The long sleeper 20 adopts a transverse prestressed structure and has a concrete grade of C60, which is more convenient for production, stacking, transportation and on-site assembly.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The pillow type track structure also includes a cover plate 70 , which is installed on the first platform 21 .

[0029] The cover plate 70 is installed between the long sleepers 20 by relying on the first platform 21 reserved by the structure itself. There is space between the sleepers of the single sleeper structure, and the space under the cover plate 70 is for rail crossing and drainage.

[0030] In one embodiment, the bases 110 are arranged in a group with two long sleepers 20 along the longitudinal direction of the track, and a grid 80 is provided between the two bases 110 .

[0031] The base 110 is arranged as a unit with two long sleepers 20 along the longitudinal direction of the line, and the longitudinal length along the line is short, so it has strong adaptability to large deformation of the lower foundation 190. A grid 80 is arranged between the two bases 110, and the grid 80 is provided below the rail crossing and drainage space.

[0032] The design of two track crossing and drainage spaces solves the problem of insufficient track crossing and drainage space in traditional track structures.

[0033] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 A first layer of mortar bags 90 and a second layer of mortar bags 100 are arranged between the long sleeper 20 and the base 110 .

[0034] From bottom to top, the first layer of mortar bags 90 is mainly used for adjustment during the construction phase to ensure the initial accuracy of the track structure; the second layer of mortar bags 100 is reserved for later operation and maintenance adjustments to accommodate minor deformation or settlement of the track during service. Both layers of mortar bags are poured in different areas to ensure uniform grouting, and the graded adjustment strategy effectively improves the stability and maintainability of the track structure.

[0035] Exemplarily, both layers of mortar bags need to reserve installation space for the high-strength bolt assembly 60 .

[0036] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The base 110 is pre-buried with a sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the long sleeper 20, the first layer mortar bag 90 and the second layer mortar bag 100. The long sleeper 20, the first layer mortar bag 90, the second layer mortar bag 100 and the base 110 are assembled into a whole through the bolt assembly 60.

[0037] Firmly assembled into a whole, ensuring the overall stability of the structure. The introduction of the sleeve assembly significantly enhances the adjustment ability of the track structure, providing great convenience for the precise installation and subsequent maintenance of the track.

[0038] Exemplarily, the sleeve assembly may be a double eccentric sleeve 120 or a multi-stage sleeve 130 .

[0039] For the double eccentric sleeve 120 solution, the adjustment steps are mainly divided into five steps: 1. Loosen and remove the anchor nut 63, and take out the double eccentric sleeve 120; 2. Adjust the longitudinal and transverse positions of the long rail sleeper 20; 3. Install the double eccentric sleeve 120; 4. Re-measure the longitudinal and transverse accuracy of the track; 5. Tighten the anchor bolts. For the multi-stage sleeve 130 solution, the adjustment amount is mainly divided into three levels. Select the appropriate single sleeve according to the adjustment requirement, and the remaining adjustment amount is adjusted through fasteners.

[0040] The present invention provides a sleeper plate track structure, see Figure 4-Figure 8 , including: a rail 10, a sleeper plate 30, a base 110, a bolt assembly 60 and a foundation 190, the rail 10 is installed on the sleeper plate 30, the sleeper plate 30 is fixed to the base 110 by the bolt assembly 60, and the base 110 is fixed to the foundation 190; the sleeper plate 30 is provided with a second platform 31 on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-tuning threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the second platform 31.

[0041] By installing the rail 10 on the sleeper plate 30, the sleeper plate 30 is fixed to the base 110 by the bolt assembly 60, and the base 110 is fixed to the foundation 190; the sleeper plate 30 is provided with a second platform 31 on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the line, and the fine-adjustment threaded components are embedded at both ends of the second platform 31, which is convenient for vertical adjustment with the fine-adjustment screw 66 during construction, thereby increasing the constructability of the sleeper plate 30.

[0042] Exemplarily, the reserved through hole penetrates the sleeper plate 30 along the thickness direction of the sleeper plate 30 to facilitate the subsequent installation of the bolt assembly 60 .

[0043] Exemplarily, the sleeper plate 30 is a factory-prefabricated structure, the sleeper plate 30 adopts a transverse prestressed structure, and the concrete grade is C60, which is more convenient for production, stacking, transportation and on-site assembly, and the length should not exceed three sleepers.

[0044] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 8 The pillow type track structure also includes a cover plate 70 , which is installed on the second platform 31 .

[0045] The cover plate 70 is installed between the sleeper plates 30 by relying on the second platform 31 reserved by the structure itself.

[0046] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 8The base 110 is arranged in a group with one sleeper plate 30 along the longitudinal direction of the line, and a grid 80 is arranged between two bases 110; a first layer of mortar bags 90 and a second layer of mortar bags 100 are arranged between the sleeper plate 30 and the base 110.

[0047] The base 110 is arranged as a unit with a sleeper plate 30 along the longitudinal direction of the line, and has a shorter length along the longitudinal direction of the line, and has a stronger adaptability to the large deformation of the lower foundation 190. A grid 80 is arranged between the two bases 110, and a rail crossing and drainage space is provided under the grid 80.

[0048] From bottom to top, the first layer of mortar bags 90 is mainly used for adjustment during the construction phase to ensure the initial accuracy of the track structure; the second layer of mortar bags 100 is reserved for later operation and maintenance adjustments to accommodate minor deformation or settlement of the track during service. Both layers of mortar bags are poured in different areas to ensure uniform grouting, and the graded adjustment strategy effectively improves the stability and maintainability of the track structure.

[0049] Exemplarily, both layers of mortar bags need to reserve installation space for the high-strength bolt assembly 60 and the limiting boss.

[0050] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 8 The base 110 is pre-embedded with a sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the sleeper plate 30, the first layer mortar bag 90 and the second layer mortar bag 100. The sleeper plate 30, the first layer mortar bag 90, the second layer mortar bag 100 and the base 110 are assembled into a whole through the bolt assembly 60.

[0051] Firmly assembled into a whole, ensuring the overall stability of the structure. The introduction of the sleeve assembly significantly enhances the adjustment ability of the track structure, providing great convenience for the precise installation and subsequent maintenance of the track.

[0052] For the double eccentric sleeve 120 solution, the adjustment steps are mainly divided into five steps: 1. Loosen and remove the anchor nut 63, and take out the double eccentric sleeve 120; 2. Adjust the longitudinal and lateral positions of the sleeper plate 30; 3. Install the double eccentric sleeve 120; 4. Remeasure the longitudinal and lateral accuracy of the track; 5. Tighten the anchor bolts.

[0053] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 The sleeper plate track structure also includes a boss. A boss installation space is reserved in the middle of the sleeper plate 30 . The boss matches the internal threaded sleeve 160 embedded in the base 110 .

[0054] The boss not only supports conventional cast-in-place bosses 140, but also introduces factory-prefabricated prefabricated reinforced concrete bosses 150 with threaded caps. The prefabricated reinforced concrete bosses 150 match the internal threaded sleeves 160 pre-embedded in the base 110, which greatly facilitates the subsequent maintenance and replacement work. In addition, the boss is sealed with resin 170 material around it, so that the sleeper plate 30 and the boss are tightly combined to form a whole. In addition, the support of the high-strength bolt assembly 60 further enhances the overall stability and durability of the structure.

[0055] Exemplarily, the boss includes a boss steel pipe 151, a boss concrete 152 and an internally threaded sleeve 160, wherein the boss steel pipe 151 wraps the outer wall of the boss concrete 152, and the internally threaded sleeve 160 is pre-buried in the base.

[0056] For example, in order to reserve space for installing the limiting boss and reduce the weight of the structure, the sleeper plate 30 is hollowed out in the middle and on both sides.

[0057] For example, see Fig.10 The bolt assembly 60 consists of a rubber nut 61, a cotter pin 62, a nut 63, a heavy spring washer 64, a bolt cover 65, and a screw rod 66. An umbrella-shaped rubber nut 61 is installed on the top of the bolt. The nut has an internal thread and is installed to match the thread of the screw rod 66. This can prevent inspectors from accidentally tripping during daily inspections and causing secondary injuries to the inspectors. At the same time, it can also play a certain waterproof role for the bolt cotter pin 62.

[0058] Exemplarily, the bolt assembly 60 is a high-strength bolt assembly 60 .

[0059] In one embodiment, the unit base 110 and the foundation 190 may be connected via gate-shaped steel bars 180 or L-shaped steel bars, which greatly enhances the structural strength and stability between the base 110 and the foundation 190 and improves the overall deformation resistance of the track system.

[0060] Exemplarily, the connection can also be made by using a pre-buried sleeve.

[0061] Particularly, if there is no base 110 structure or the base 110 is not pre-embedded with a double eccentric sleeve 120 or a multi-stage sleeve 130, a sleeve can be embedded by drilling a hole in the beam surface or the base 110 to achieve a firm connection with the upper structure.

[0062] The present invention provides a construction method of a pillow track structure, see Fig.11 , the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Construction preparation; First, we conducted a detailed on-site survey to understand the geological conditions, the existing line conditions and the surrounding environment to ensure the pertinence and feasibility of the construction plan. At the same time, we prepared sufficient construction materials and equipment, including 20 prefabricated long sleepers, 60 high-strength bolt assemblies, steel bars, etc., to ensure that all materials met the design requirements and quality standards.

[0063] Step 2: Foundation 190 treatment and embedded parts installation; Clean and level the foundation 190 surface in the construction area, and excavate and pour the foundation 190 according to the design requirements. Accurately install embedded parts such as gate-shaped steel bars 180 or L-shaped steel bars on the foundation 190 to ensure accurate positioning and reliable fixation, providing a solid foundation 190 for the subsequent unit base 110.

[0064] Step 3: Preparation of cast-in-place of base 110; The base 110 is laid out, the template is installed, and the steel bars are tied. The steel bar tying must meet the requirements for preventing stray currents to ensure the strength and stability of the base 110.

[0065] Step 4: pouring and curing the base 110; After the steel bar binding and sleeve pre-embedding are completed, the concrete pouring of the base 110 is carried out. The concrete materials are fully mixed using a mixing device, and then transported to the construction site, and the concrete is evenly poured into the formwork through the pouring equipment. During the pouring process, the pouring speed and vibration strength must be controlled to ensure that the concrete is dense and free of bubbles. After the pouring is completed, cover and sprinkle water for maintenance. During the maintenance period, the concrete surface must be kept moist to avoid cracks. The maintenance time is determined according to the concrete strength growth to ensure that the base 110 reaches the design strength requirements.

[0066] Step 5: Laying mortar bags; After the base 110 strength meets the requirements, lay two layers of mortar bags. The mortar bags need to be laid according to the design requirements to ensure accurate positioning and reliable fixation.

[0067] Step 6: Adjustment and positioning of the long sleeper 20; The prefabricated long sleepers 20 are transported to the construction site, lifted by lifting equipment and placed at the predetermined position, the elevation of the long sleepers 20 is adjusted by pouring the first layer of mortar bags 90 in sections and using the fine-tuning screw rod 50, and the longitudinal and transverse positions of the long sleepers 20 are adjusted by using the double eccentric sleeves 120 or the multi-stage sleeves 130, and finally the long sleepers 20 and the mortar bags are buckled onto the base 110 with the high-strength bolt assembly 60.

[0068] Step 7: Install the cover plate 70 and the grille 80; Cover plates 70 and grilles 80 are installed between 20 long sleepers and 110 bases, respectively, leaving space for rail crossing and drainage.

[0069] Step 8: Laying of rails 10 and installation of fasteners; The rails 10 are laid on the long sleepers 20 using track laying equipment, and the longitudinal and transverse positions and elevations of the rails 10 are adjusted to ensure that they meet the design requirements. Then, fasteners are installed between the rails 10 and the long sleepers 20 to ensure that the fasteners are firmly installed to transmit the train load and maintain the stability of the track structure.

[0070] Step 9: Acceptance and post-maintenance; After the construction is completed, the track structure is comprehensively inspected to ensure that it meets the design requirements and quality standards. Necessary experiments and tests are carried out, such as track geometry measurement, dynamic performance test, etc. At the same time, maintenance plans and measures are formulated to regularly inspect and maintain the track structure to ensure its long-term stable operation.

[0071] The present invention provides a construction method for a sleeper plate type track structure, see Fig.12 , the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Construction preparation; First, a detailed on-site survey was conducted to understand the geological conditions, the existing line conditions and the surrounding environment to ensure the pertinence and feasibility of the construction plan. At the same time, sufficient construction materials and equipment were prepared, including prefabricated sleeper plates 30, high-strength bolt assemblies 60, steel bars, etc., to ensure that all materials met the design requirements and quality standards.

[0072] Step 2: Foundation 190 treatment and embedded parts installation; Clean and level the foundation 190 surface in the construction area, and excavate and pour the foundation 190 according to the design requirements. Accurately install embedded parts such as gate-shaped steel bars 180 or L-shaped steel bars on the foundation 190 to ensure accurate positioning and reliable fixation, providing a solid foundation 190 for the subsequent unit base 110.

[0073] Step 3: Preparation of cast-in-place of base 110; The base 110 is laid out, the template is installed, and the steel bars are tied. The steel bar tying must meet the requirements for preventing stray currents to ensure the strength and stability of the base 110.

[0074] Step 4: pouring and curing the base 110; After the steel bars are tied and the sleeves are embedded (for prefabricated bosses, a sleeve with an internal thread needs to be embedded in the base 110), the concrete of the base 110 is poured. The concrete materials are fully mixed using a mixing device, and then transported to the construction site. The concrete is evenly poured into the formwork using a pouring device. During the pouring process, the pouring speed and vibration intensity need to be controlled to ensure that the concrete is dense and free of bubbles. After the pouring is completed, cover and sprinkle water for maintenance. During the maintenance period, the concrete surface needs to be kept moist to avoid cracks. The maintenance time is determined based on the concrete strength growth to ensure that the base 110 reaches the strength required by the design.

[0075] Step 5: Laying mortar bags; After the base 110 strength meets the requirements, lay two layers of mortar bags. The mortar bags need to be laid according to the design requirements to ensure accurate positioning and reliable fixation.

[0076] Step 6: Adjusting and positioning the sleeper plate 30; The prefabricated sleeper slab 30 is transported to the construction site, lifted by a lifting device and placed at a predetermined position, the elevation of the sleeper slab 30 is adjusted by pouring the first layer of mortar bags 90 in sections and using the fine-tuning screw 50, and the longitudinal and transverse positions of the sleeper slab 30 are adjusted by using a double eccentric sleeve 120 or a multi-stage sleeve 130, and finally the sleeper slab 30 and the mortar bags are buckled onto the base 110 with a high-strength bolt assembly 60.

[0077] Step 7: Boss casting or installation; Concrete the boss and cure it or install precast steel tube concrete boss with threaded cap.

[0078] Step 8: Pouring the boss resin 170; High-strength resin 170 is poured between the boss and the sleeper plate 30 to firmly connect the two together. During the pouring process, the proportion, temperature and curing time of the resin 170 must be strictly controlled to ensure the pouring quality. After the pouring is completed, the connection between the boss and the sleeper plate 30 must be inspected to ensure that the connection is firm and defect-free to meet the safety and stability requirements of train operation.

[0079] Step 9: Install the cover plate 70 and the grille 80; Cover plates 70 and grilles 80 are installed between the 30 sleeper plates and the 110 base plates, respectively, leaving space for rail crossing and drainage.

[0080] Step 10: Laying of rails 10 and installation of fasteners; The rails 10 are laid on the sleeper plates 30 using track laying equipment, and the longitudinal and transverse positions and elevations of the rails 10 are adjusted to ensure that they meet the design requirements. Then, fasteners are installed between the rails 10 and the sleeper plates 30 to ensure that the fasteners are firmly installed to transmit the train load and maintain the stability of the track structure.

[0081] Step 11: Acceptance and post-maintenance; After the construction is completed, the track structure is comprehensively inspected to ensure that it meets the design requirements and quality standards. Necessary experiments and tests are carried out, such as track geometry measurement, dynamic performance test, etc. At the same time, maintenance plans and measures are formulated to regularly inspect and maintain the track structure to ensure its long-term stable operation.

[0082] After the railway track system has been in operation for a period of time, the long sleepers 20 or sleeper plates 30 may have small deformations in the vertical direction. In order to ensure the stability and safety of the track, a series of adjustment steps need to be taken to correct them. First, the high-strength bolt assembly 60 that fixes the long sleepers 20 or sleeper plates 30 needs to be loosened to facilitate subsequent fine-tuning operations; then, the vertical position is adjusted using the fine-tuning screw 50 to restore the long sleepers 20 or sleeper plates 30 to the geometric state required by the design; then, the reserved second layer of mortar bags 100 is used for grouting operations, and the position of the sleepers or sleeper plates 30 is further stabilized by filling with mortar to enhance their support and durability; finally, after the adjustment is completed, the previously loosened high-strength bolt assembly 60 needs to be re-tightened to ensure that all components are fastened in place.

[0083] During the later operation of the railway track system, if the sleeper plate 30 has a large deformation in the vertical direction, a series of adjustment measures need to be taken to correct it. First, the high-strength bolt assembly 60 fixing the sleeper plate 30 needs to be loosened and removed to prepare for subsequent adjustment operations; then, for the cast-in-place limiting boss, the resin 170 material around the boss is chiseled out and the boss is thoroughly cleaned to ensure that it will not hinder subsequent adjustments; if a prefabricated boss is used, the resin 170 material around the boss is chiseled out and the prefabricated boss is screwed out for adjustment; then, the vertical position is adjusted using the fine adjustment screw 50 to restore the sleeper plate 30 to the geometric shape required by the design to the greatest extent; after the adjustment is completed, the limiting boss needs to be re-constructed (cast-in-place or re-installed prefabricated boss) and the resin 170 material is poured to ensure that the sleeper plate 30 is firmly supported; then, the reserved second layer of mortar bags 100 is used for grouting operations, and mortar is filled to enhance the stability and durability of the overall structure; finally, after all adjustment work is completed, the high-strength bolt assembly 60 removed previously needs to be installed and tightened to ensure that all connecting parts reach the specified tightening torque.

[0084] The main functions achieved by the present invention are as follows: Improve the stability and durability of the track structure: The use of factory-prefabricated long sleepers 20 or sleeper plates 30, combined with high-strength concrete materials, improves the overall stability of the track structure. The design of double-layered CA mortar bags ensures the initial accuracy of the track structure and reserves space for later operation and maintenance adjustments to accommodate minor deformation or settlement of the track during service.

[0085] Enhance the adjustability and maintainability of the track structure: The design of the double eccentric sleeve 120 or multi-stage sleeve 130 embedded in the base 110 significantly enhances the longitudinal and lateral adjustment capabilities of the track structure, facilitating accurate installation and later maintenance. The reserved fine-adjustment threaded sleeve and fine-adjustment screw 50 enable the long sleeper 20 or sleeper plate 30 to be adjusted vertically during the construction and operation and maintenance stages, improving the operability of the construction and the convenience of maintenance.

[0086] Optimize drainage and track crossing space: Track crossing and drainage space is formed between long sleepers 20 and between sleeper plates 30 by means of cover plates 70, which solves the problem of insufficient drainage and track crossing space in traditional track structures. The design of the grid 80 between the bases 110 also provides additional track crossing and drainage space, enhancing the practicality of the track structure.

[0087] Improve the construction efficiency of the track structure: The prefabricated long sleepers 20, sleeper plates 30, cover plates 70, grilles 80 and other components reduce the complexity and time cost of on-site construction. The standardized connection design between components, such as high-strength bolt components 60 and double eccentric sleeves 120, simplifies the installation process and improves construction efficiency.

[0088] Enhance the anti-deformation ability of the track structure: The unit base 110 and the foundation 190 are connected by gate-shaped steel bars 180 or L-shaped steel bars, which enhances the structural strength and stability between the base 110 and the foundation 190. The special boss design not only supports the conventional cast-in-place boss 140, but also introduces the factory-prefabricated steel tube concrete boss with threaded cap, which further enhances the overall stability and anti-deformation ability of the structure.

[0089] Adaptability to complex geological conditions: The unit base 110 has a shorter longitudinal length along the line, has a stronger adaptability to large deformation of the lower foundation 190, and can adapt to various complex geological conditions.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pillow track structure, characterized in that: include: Rails, long sleepers, bases, bolt assemblies and foundations, wherein the rails are mounted on the long sleepers, the long sleepers are fixed to the bases by the bolt assemblies, and the bases are fixed to the foundations; platforms are provided on both sides of the long sleepers along the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-tuning threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the platforms.

2. The pillow track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pillow-type track structure further comprises a cover plate, and the cover plate is mounted on the platform.

3. The pillow track structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is arranged in a group with two long sleepers along the longitudinal direction of the line, and a grid is arranged between the two bases.

4. The pillow-type track structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first layer of mortar bags and a second layer of mortar bags are arranged between the long sleeper and the base.

5. The pillow track structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base has a pre-embedded sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the long rail sleepers, the first layer of mortar bags, and the second layer of mortar bags. The long rail sleepers, the first layer of mortar bags, the second layer of mortar bags, and the base are assembled into a whole through a bolt assembly.

6. A sleeper plate track structure, characterized in that: include: Rails, sleeper plates, bases, bolt assemblies and foundations, wherein the rails are mounted on the sleeper plates, the sleeper plates are fixed to the bases by the bolt assemblies, and the bases are fixed to the foundations; platforms are provided on both sides of the sleeper plates along the longitudinal direction of the line, and fine-tuning threaded assemblies are pre-embedded at both ends of the platforms.

7. The pillow-type track structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pillow-type track structure further comprises a cover plate, and the cover plate is mounted on the platform.

8. The sleeper plate track structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bases are arranged in a group with a sleeper plate along the longitudinal direction of the line, and a grid is arranged between two bases; a first layer of mortar bags and a second layer of mortar bags are arranged between the sleeper plate and the bases.

9. The sleeper plate track structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base is embedded with a sleeve assembly, and large circular holes or oblong holes are reserved in the sleeper plate, the first layer of mortar bags and the second layer of mortar bags. The sleeper plate, the first layer of mortar bags, the second layer of mortar bags and the base are assembled into a whole through a bolt assembly.

10. The sleeper plate track structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sleeper plate type track structure also includes a boss, a boss installation space is reserved in the middle of the sleeper plate, and the boss matches the internal threaded sleeve embedded in the base.

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