Small coal pillar gob-side roadway supporting structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway supporting, in particular to a small coal pillar gob-side roadway supporting structure which comprises a solid coal side supporting unit and a coal pillar coal side supporting unit. The coal pillar and coal side supporting unit comprises a metal net plate, a plurality of net plate anchor rods connected with the metal net plate, a plurality of reinforcing beams arranged at intervals and a plurality of beam anchor rods connected with the reinforcing beams, the net plate anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are sequentially distributed in a staggered mode in the length direction of the gob-side roadway, and the net plate anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are arranged along the normal of the side wall of the gob-side roadway; the reinforcing beam is a reinforced concrete beam arranged along the cross section line of the gob-side roadway, the outer end of the beam anchor rod is provided with an inner supporting plate located in the reinforcing beam, and the outer end of the screen anchor rod is detachably connected with a screen tray used for pressing the metal screen. The supporting structure of the scheme can effectively support the small coal pillar gob-side roadway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel support, and in particular to a small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure. Background Art

[0002] Small coal pillars are supporting coal pillars that isolate old goaf areas when digging along goafs in coal mines. Leaving small coal pillars for mining can reduce waste of coal resources and improve coal recovery rate. Goafs with small coal pillars often undergo large deformation or damage, and the goafs are prone to spalling and roof collapse, surrounding rock moves into the goaf space, roof sinks, and scattered and damaged surrounding rock falls. In order to prevent surrounding rock deformation and collapse and ensure the safety and stability of the goafs, it is necessary to support goafs with small coal pillars. Anchor bolt and anchor net support is a commonly used support method for goafs with small coal pillars. However, since the metal mesh used for anchor bolt and anchor net support has a certain flexibility and a large degree of deformability, the existing anchor bolt and anchor net support is not ideal for strengthening support for goafs with small coal pillars. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small coal pillar along the goaf roadway support structure to solve the problem that the existing anchor rod anchor net is not ideal for strengthening the support of small coal pillar along the goaf roadway because the metal net has certain flexibility and large deformability.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a basic solution adopted by the present invention is a small coal pillar supporting structure along the empty tunnel, including a solid coal side support unit and a coal pillar coal side support unit, the solid coal side support unit includes a plurality of coal body anchor cables and a plurality of coal body anchor rods, the coal pillar coal side support unit includes a metal mesh plate, a plurality of mesh plate anchor rods connected to the metal mesh plate, a plurality of spaced reinforcing beams and a plurality of beam anchor rods connected to the reinforcing beams, the mesh plate anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are staggered in sequence along the length direction of the empty tunnel, the mesh plate anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are respectively arranged along the normal of the side wall of the empty tunnel, the reinforcing beam is a reinforced concrete beam arranged along the cross-sectional line of the empty tunnel, the outer end of the beam anchor rod is provided with an inner support plate located in the reinforcing beam, and the outer end of the mesh plate anchor rod is detachably connected to a mesh plate tray for pressing the metal mesh plate.

[0005] The above scheme adds stronger reinforced concrete reinforcement beams, which makes the entire support system more resistant to deformation and improves the support effect.

[0006] Furthermore, the reinforcing beam includes a steel grid, which includes an inner steel bar group and an outer steel bar group, both of which are arranged parallel to the axis of the reinforcing beam, a plurality of stirrup frames that fixedly connect the inner steel bar group with the outer steel bar group, and inclined steel bars arranged between adjacent stirrup frames, and the inner steel bar group is arranged close to the wall of the empty tunnel.

[0007] Furthermore, an outer wall of the outer end of the beam anchor is provided with an external thread, the inner support plate is slidably connected to the beam anchor, and a pre-tightening nut corresponding to the inner support plate is threadedly connected to the beam anchor.

[0008] Furthermore, the tail end of the beam anchor rod extends out of the reinforcing beam, and an outer support plate for pre-tightening the reinforcing beam is provided at the tail end of the beam anchor rod. The outer support plate is slidably connected to the beam anchor rod, and a pre-tightening nut 2 corresponding to the outer support plate is threadedly connected to the tail end of the beam anchor rod.

[0009] Furthermore, an outer wall at the outer end of the mesh plate anchor rod is provided with an external thread, the mesh plate tray is slidably connected to the mesh plate anchor rod, and a pre-tightening nut three corresponding to the mesh plate tray is threadedly connected to the mesh plate anchor rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the coal pillar and coal side support unit also includes an auxiliary cable for improving the deformation resistance of the reinforcing beam, one end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the mesh anchor rod on one side of the reinforcing beam, and the other end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the mesh anchor rod on the other side of the reinforcing beam, and the middle part of the auxiliary cable is pressed against the outer wall of the reinforcing beam.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer support plate is provided with a through hole for allowing the auxiliary rope to pass through.

[0012] Furthermore, a pre-tightening column slidably connected to the mesh anchor and a pre-tightening nut four threadedly connected to the mesh anchor are provided on the tail end of the mesh anchor, and both ends of the auxiliary cable are respectively connected to the pre-tightening columns on the mesh anchors on both sides of the reinforcing beam.

[0013] The four pairs of auxiliary cables are tensioned by pre-tightening nuts and the reinforcement beam is pre-tightened again from the outside of the reinforcement beam to further improve the deformation resistance of the reinforcement beam.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular groove coaxial with the pre-tensioning column is provided on the outer wall of the pre-tensioning column, and the end of the auxiliary cable is located in the annular groove and is bound to the pre-tensioning column.

[0015] Furthermore, there are two auxiliary cables, and the two auxiliary cables are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the beam anchor rod.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This solution adds stronger reinforced concrete beams, which makes the entire support system more resistant to deformation and improves the support effect;

[0018] 2. This solution anchors and pre-tightens the reinforcement beam inside and outside, respectively, optimizes the force-bearing mode of the reinforcement beam, and enables the reinforcement beam to withstand higher loads.

[0019] 3. This scheme can pre-tighten the steel mesh frame before the grouting of the reinforcing beam solidifies, and pre-tighten the outer wall of the reinforcing beam again after the grouting of the reinforcing beam solidifies, so that the reinforcing beam after solidification is closer to the side wall of the tunnel along the goaf, and can provide anti-deformation support in time for the slight deformation of the side wall of the tunnel along the goaf.

[0020] 4. In this scheme, in addition to the beam anchor rods corresponding to the reinforcing beam providing tension to the reinforcing beam, the force of the reinforcing beam is also dispersed by the auxiliary cable to the mesh anchor rods on both sides of the reinforcing beam, further improving the deformation resistance of the reinforcing beam and improving the support force for the small coal pillar along the goaf. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main view of a small coal pillar supporting structure along an empty roadway according to the present invention Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main view of a small coal pillar supporting structure along an empty roadway according to the present invention Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Center A view.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Middle AA section view.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the outer pallet structure in the main view direction.

[0027] The meanings of the symbols in the accompanying drawings are:

[0028] Roadway along the air - 10;

[0029] Solid coal seam support unit-20; coal body anchor cable-201; coal body anchor rod-202;

[0030] Coal pillar and coal side support unit-30; Metal mesh plate-301;

[0031] Mesh plate anchor rod-302; mesh plate tray-3021; ​​pre-tightening nut three-3022; pre-tightening column-3023; annular groove-30231; pre-tightening nut four-3024;

[0032] Reinforced beam-303; Steel grid-3031; Inner steel bar group-30311; Outer steel bar group-30312; Stirrup frame-30313; Diagonal steel bar-30314;

[0033] Beam anchor rod-304; inner support plate-3041; pre-tightening nut one-3042; outer support plate-3043; perforation-30431; pre-tightening nut two-3044;

[0034] Auxiliary cable-305;

[0035] Solid coal - 40;

[0036] Small coal pillar - 50;

[0037] Goaf - 60;

[0038] Soft top layer -70. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in a small coal pillar 50 supporting structure along the gob tunnel 10 of this embodiment, Figure 1 On the left side of the small coal pillar 50 is the goaf 60, which is backfilled with coal gangue. Above the small coal pillar 50 is the soft roof layer 70. The small coal pillar 50 needs to reserve a coal seam of reasonable thickness below the soft roof layer 70 for support.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the small coal pillar side tunnel support structure of this embodiment includes a solid coal side support unit 20 and a coal pillar coal side support unit 30. The solid coal side support unit 20 includes a plurality of coal body anchor cables 201 and a plurality of coal body anchor rods 202. The coal body anchor cables 201 and the coal body anchor rods 202 are evenly dispersed and inserted into the solid coal 40 around the side tunnel 10 for anchoring.

[0043] Combination Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the coal pillar and coal side support unit 30 includes a metal mesh plate 301, a plurality of mesh plate anchor rods 302 connected to the metal mesh plate 301, a plurality of reinforcing beams 303 arranged at intervals, a plurality of beam anchor rods 304 connected to the reinforcing beams 303, and an auxiliary cable 305 for improving the anti-deformation capacity of the reinforcing beams 303. Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the mesh anchor rod 302 and the beam anchor rod 304 are staggeredly distributed in sequence along the length direction of the empty tunnel 10, and the mesh anchor rod 302 and the beam anchor rod 304 are respectively arranged along the normal of the side wall of the empty tunnel 10, the inner end of the mesh anchor rod 302 and the inner end of the beam anchor rod 304 are anchored in the small coal pillar 50, and the outer ends of the mesh anchor rod 302 and the beam anchor rod 304 are located in the external space of the small coal pillar 50. The metal mesh 301 is attached to the side wall of the small coal pillar along the empty tunnel 10. The outer end of the mesh anchor 302 is provided with an external thread. The outer end of the mesh anchor 302 is sleeved with a mesh tray 3021. The mesh tray 3021 is slidably connected to the mesh anchor 302. The outer end of the mesh anchor 302 is threadedly connected with a pre-tightening nut 3022. Rotating the pre-tightening nut 3022 can push the mesh tray 3021 to press the metal mesh 301 against the outer wall of the small coal pillar 50. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a pre-tightening column 3023 slidably connected to the mesh anchor 302 and a pre-tightening nut four 3024 threadedly connected to the mesh anchor 302 are provided on the tail end of the mesh anchor rod 302, the pre-tightening column 3023 is a cylinder, and an annular groove 30231 coaxial with the pre-tightening column 3023 is provided on the outer wall of the pre-tightening column 3023, and a through hole slidably matched with the mesh anchor rod 302 is provided along the axis of the pre-tightening column 3023, the pre-tightening column 3023 is sleeved on the outside of the mesh anchor rod 302 between the pre-tightening nut three 3022 and the outer end of the mesh anchor rod 302, the pre-tightening nut four 3024 is located between the pre-tightening column 3023 and the outer end of the mesh anchor rod 302 and is threadedly connected to the mesh anchor rod 302, and the pre-tightening nut four 3024 can be rotated to move the pre-tightening column 3023 toward the inner end direction close to the mesh anchor rod 302.

[0044] The reinforcing beam 303 is a reinforced concrete beam arranged on the outer wall of the small coal pillar 50 along the cross-sectional line of the goaf tunnel 10 . The upper end of the reinforcing beam 303 is tightly connected to the solid coal 40 , and the lower end of the reinforcing beam 303 is tightly connected to the ground of the goaf tunnel 10 . The reinforcing beam 303 includes a steel mesh frame 3031, and the steel mesh frame 3031 includes an inner steel bar group 30311, an outer steel bar group 30312, which are all arranged parallel to the axis of the reinforcing beam 303, a plurality of stirrup frames 30313 that fix the inner steel bar group 30311 with the outer steel bar group 30312, and inclined steel bars 30314 arranged between adjacent stirrup frames 30313. The inner steel bar group 30311 is arranged close to the wall surface of the gob-side tunnel 10. In this embodiment, the inner steel bar group 30311 includes 4 steel bars that are attached to the metal mesh plate 301 from top to bottom along the outer wall of the small coal pillar 50. The inner steel bar group 30311 can also be composed of other numbers of steel bars, which are not described one by one here. 12 is close to the middle direction of the empty tunnel 10 and away from the inner steel bar group 30311. In this embodiment, the outer steel bar group 30312 includes 2 steel bars arranged parallel to the inner steel bar group 30311. The outer steel bar group 30312 can also be composed of other numbers of steel bars, which are not described one by one here. The stirrup frame 30313 is a steel bar frame that frames the inner steel bar group 30311 and the outer steel bar group 30312. The stirrup frame 30313 is welded to the steel bars in the inner steel bar group 30311 and the outer steel bar group 30312. The inclined steel bar 30314 is located between two adjacent stirrup frames 30313. One end of the inclined steel bar 30314 is welded to one stirrup frame 30313, and the other end is welded to another adjacent stirrup frame 30313.

[0045] The outer end of the beam anchor rod 304 penetrates the reinforcing beam 303 toward the middle of the empty tunnel 10, and the outer end outer wall of the beam anchor rod 304 is provided with an external thread. The beam anchor rod 304 located in the reinforcing beam 303 is provided with an inner support plate 3041 and a pre-tightening nut 3042. The tail end of the beam anchor rod 304 extends out of the reinforcing beam 303, and the tail end of the beam anchor rod 304 is provided with an outer support plate 3043 and a pre-tightening nut 3044; the inner support plate 3041 is sleeved on the outside of the beam anchor rod 304 and is slidably connected to the beam anchor rod 304, and the pre-tightening nut 3042 is threadedly connected to the beam anchor rod 304, and the inner support plate 3041 can be pushed to move toward the metal mesh plate 301 by rotating the pre-tightening nut 3042 to press the inner layer steel bar group 30311 In this way, before the steel mesh frame 3031 is supported and grouted to form the reinforcing beam 303, the steel mesh frame 3031 is pre-tightened to make the formed reinforcing beam 303 closer to the outer wall of the small coal pillar 50, the outer support plate 3043 is sleeved on the outside of the beam anchor 304 outside the reinforcing beam 303 and is slidably connected to the beam anchor 304, the pre-tightening nut 2 3044 is arranged close to the end of the beam anchor 304, the pre-tightening nut 2 3044 is threadedly connected to the beam anchor 304, and the outer support plate 3043 can be pushed to move towards the reinforcing beam 303 by rotating the pre-tightening nut 2 3044 to press the outer wall of the reinforcing beam 303, so that after the reinforcing beam 303 is solidified and formed, the outer wall of the reinforcing beam 303 is pressurized and pre-tightened again, so as to further make the reinforcing beam 303 closer to the outer wall of the small coal pillar 50.

[0046] The auxiliary rope 305 is a steel rope. In this embodiment, there are two auxiliary ropes 305. Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the two auxiliary cables 305 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the beam anchor rod 304, one end of the auxiliary cable 305 is located in the annular groove 30231 of the pre-tightening column 3023 on one side of the reinforcing beam 303 and is tied to the pre-tightening column 3023, and the other end of the auxiliary cable 305 passes through the outer support plate 3043 and is located in the annular groove 30231 of the pre-tightening column 3023 on the other side of the reinforcing beam 303 and is tied to the pre-tightening column 3023. The outer support plate 3043 is provided with a space for accommodating the The auxiliary rope 305 passes through the through hole 30431. After the two ends of the auxiliary rope 305 are firmly bound, the pre-tightening nut 3024 is rotated to move the pre-tightening column 3023 toward the inner end of the mesh anchor rod 302, so that the auxiliary rope 305 is tensioned and then the outer wall of the reinforcing beam 303 is pressed. When the reinforcing beam 303 is deformed by force, the force of the reinforcing beam 303 is also dispersed by the auxiliary rope 305 to the mesh anchor rods 302 on both sides of the reinforcing beam 303, thereby further improving the deformation resistance of the reinforcing beam 303.

[0047] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure, comprising a solid coal side support unit and a coal pillar coal side support unit, wherein the solid coal side support unit comprises a plurality of coal body anchor cables and a plurality of coal body anchor rods, characterized in that: The coal pillar and coal side support unit includes a metal mesh, a plurality of mesh anchor rods connected to the metal mesh, a plurality of spaced reinforcing beams and a plurality of beam anchor rods connected to the reinforcing beams. The mesh anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are staggered in sequence along the length direction of the empty tunnel. The mesh anchor rods and the beam anchor rods are respectively arranged along the normal of the side wall of the empty tunnel. The reinforcing beam is a reinforced concrete beam arranged along the cross-sectional line of the empty tunnel. The outer end of the beam anchor rod is provided with an inner support plate located in the reinforcing beam. The outer end of the mesh anchor rod is detachably connected to a mesh tray for pressing the metal mesh.

2. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steel grid is arranged inside the reinforcing beam, and the steel grid includes an inner steel bar group and an outer steel bar group, both of which are arranged parallel to the axis of the reinforcing beam, a plurality of stirrup frames that fix the inner steel bar group with the outer steel bar group, and inclined steel bars arranged between adjacent stirrup frames, and the inner steel bar group is arranged close to the wall of the empty tunnel.

3. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer end of the beam anchor rod is provided with an external thread, the inner support plate is slidably connected to the beam anchor rod, and a pre-tightening nut corresponding to the inner support plate is threadedly connected to the beam anchor rod.

4. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tail end of the beam anchor rod extends out of the reinforcing beam, and an outer support plate for pre-tightening the reinforcing beam is arranged at the tail end of the beam anchor rod. The outer support plate is slidably connected to the beam anchor rod, and a pre-tightening nut 2 corresponding to the outer support plate is threadedly connected to the tail end of the beam anchor rod.

5. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer end outer wall of the mesh plate anchor rod is provided with an external thread, the mesh plate tray is slidably connected to the mesh plate anchor rod, and a pre-tightening nut three corresponding to the mesh plate tray is threadedly connected to the mesh plate anchor rod.

6. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The coal pillar and coal side support unit also includes an auxiliary cable for improving the deformation resistance of the reinforcing beam, one end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the mesh anchor rod on one side of the reinforcing beam, and the other end of the auxiliary cable is connected to the mesh anchor rod on the other side of the reinforcing beam, and the middle part of the auxiliary cable is pressed against the outer wall of the reinforcing beam.

7. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The outer support plate is provided with a through hole for the auxiliary rope to pass through.

8. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A pre-tightening column slidably connected to the mesh anchor and a pre-tightening nut four threadedly connected to the mesh anchor are arranged on the tail end of the mesh anchor, and the two ends of the auxiliary cable are respectively connected to the pre-tightening columns on the mesh anchors on both sides of the reinforcing beam.

9. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that: An annular groove coaxial with the pre-tensioning column is arranged on the outer wall of the pre-tensioning column, and the end of the auxiliary cable is located in the annular groove and is bound to the pre-tensioning column.

10. The small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are two auxiliary cables, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the beam anchor rod.

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