Lubricating oil nozzle mechanism and aero-engine

Abstract

The invention provides a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism and an aero-engine, the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism comprises a mounting section, a rectification section and a nozzle section, the mounting section communicates with a flow guide pipe, and a lubricating oil flow channel is formed in the mounting section; one end of the rectifying section is connected with the mounting base, a first cavity is formed in the rectifying section, and the first cavity communicates with the lubricating oil flow channel and is arranged at an included angle with the lubricating oil flow channel; one end part of the nozzle section is connected with the other end part of the rectification section, a second cavity is formed in the nozzle section, and the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity; a flow guide mechanism is arranged in the first cavity, and the flow guide mechanism extends in the axial direction of the first cavity. According to the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism, the flow guiding mechanism is arranged in the flow rectifying section, rotational flow generated between the first cavity and the lubricating oil flow channel can be scattered, so that the flow line of lubricating oil flowing through the nozzle section is more straight and closer to plug flow, the divergence degree of the outer flow line of the nozzle section can be effectively reduced, the target passing rate of the outer flow line is increased, and the service life of the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism is prolonged. The performance of the lubricating oil nozzle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil systems, and in particular to a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism and an aircraft engine. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development and progress of aviation science and technology, the performance of aircraft engines, known as the "crown jewel of industry", is also improving.

[0003] At present, advanced aircraft engines are developing towards high power and high speed. Specifically, aircraft engines will have high turbine inlet temperature, high pressure ratio, high main shaft speed and strict component space restrictions. Although the main large components, such as the compressor, combustion chamber and turbine, are the direct factors affecting the performance improvement of aircraft engines, the performance improvement of aircraft engines also requires the assistance of various systems to ensure the continuous operation of the engine. The lubricating oil system is the only system in the engine that adopts a circulation method. Its performance plays a vital role in whether the engine can operate normally.

[0004] The lubricating oil system is responsible for delivering lubricating oil to friction parts, cooling the engine, and cleaning up debris generated by various parts. During the operation of aircraft engines, rotating parts such as bearings and gears contact and rub against each other, which will inevitably generate friction losses and a large amount of heat. At this time, it is necessary to provide lubricating oil through the lubrication system to reduce the temperature of the parts and take away the heat and wear generated between the parts. Therefore, it is extremely important to lubricate and cool the main bearings of aircraft engines and the gears in the gearbox in the transmission system.

[0005] In the lubricating oil system, the component that provides lubricating oil is the lubricating oil nozzle. All relatively mature lubrication methods, such as under-the-ring lubrication, jet lubrication, oil mist lubrication, etc., require the lubricating oil to be sprayed out from the lubricating oil nozzle to provide lubricating oil to the corresponding components for lubrication and cooling. The performance indicators of the lubricating oil nozzle play a decisive role in the performance of the entire lubricating oil system.

[0006] For the lubricating oil nozzle, there are two main performance indicators. One is the outlet flow rate of the lubricating oil nozzle, which determines the oil supply. It is directly related to the heat generated by the rotating parts in the engine. The higher the friction heat generated by the rotating parts, the corresponding oil supply demand will also increase. Another important indicator is the divergence of the external streamlines of each nozzle of the lubricating oil nozzle, also known as the cylindricity and bunching of the external streamlines. This indicator directly determines how much lubricating oil can enter the target area to provide effective lubrication and cooling for the rotating parts.

[0007] At present, the structural form of the lubricating oil nozzle is basically mature. However, in the flow direction test before the actual delivery of the lubricating oil nozzle, there is still a large divergence of the external streamlines of the lubricating oil nozzle's spray hole and an unsatisfactory target passing rate.

[0008] Based on this, the inventor of the present application proposes a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism and an aircraft engine in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of large external flow divergence and low target passing rate of the lubricating oil nozzle in the prior art, and to provide a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism and an aircraft engine.

[0010] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present invention provides a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism, which is characterized by comprising:

[0012] The installation section is communicated with the guide pipe and has a lubricating oil flow channel inside;

[0013] A rectifying section, one end of which is connected to the mounting seat, wherein the rectifying section has a first chamber, the first chamber is in communication with the lubricating oil flow channel and is arranged at an angle;

[0014] The nozzle section has one end connected to the other end of the rectifying section, and the nozzle section has a second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the first chamber; wherein,

[0015] The first chamber has a flow guiding mechanism therein, and the flow guiding mechanism extends along the axial direction of the first chamber.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rectifying section is integrally provided with the mounting section and the nozzle section.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding mechanism is a flow guiding grid, and the flow guiding grid divides the first chamber into at least two flow dividing chambers along its axial direction;

[0018] The length extension direction of the diversion chamber is consistent with the length extension direction of the first chamber.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the guide grille is detachably connected to the rectifying section.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a processing channel is opened on one side of the installation section, and the processing channel is connected to the first chamber;

[0021] The guide grille is passed through the processing hole and is clamped in the first cavity.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a detachable sealing plug is provided in the processing channel, and the sealing plug is used to seal the processing channel when the guide grille is installed.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the guide grille and the rectifying section are processed integrally;

[0024] A processing channel is opened on one side of the installation end, and the guide grille is formed by digging through the processing channel.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first chamber is larger than the second chamber along its cross-sectional dimension, and the effective flow area of ​​the first chamber is larger than the effective flow area of ​​the second chamber.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the end of the second chamber facing the first chamber has a connection expansion opening, and the size of the connection expansion opening facing the end of the first chamber is consistent with the cross-sectional size of the first chamber.

[0027] The present invention also provides an aircraft engine, which is characterized in that it includes the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism as described above.

[0028] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism of the present invention is provided with a flow guiding mechanism in the straightening section, which can break up the swirl flow generated between the first chamber and the lubricating oil flow channel, so that the streamline of the lubricating oil flowing through the nozzle section is straighter and closer to the plug flow, thereby effectively reducing the divergence of the external streamline of the nozzle section, increasing the target passing rate of the external streamline, and improving the performance of the lubricating oil nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first usage scenario of the lubricating oil nozzle of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second usage scenario of the lubricating oil nozzle of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional lubricating oil nozzle;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal oil flow of a conventional oil nozzle;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lubricating oil nozzle mechanism of the present invention in which no flow guide mechanism is provided inside;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the rectifying section of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the rectifying section of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of processing an implementation method of a flow guiding mechanism of a rectifying section;

[0040] Fig.10 The figure is a processing schematic diagram of another embodiment of the flow guiding mechanism of the rectifying section.

[0041] 10. Installation section; 110. Lubricating oil flow channel; 120. Processing channel; 130. Sealing plug;

[0042] 20, rectifying section; 210, first chamber; 220, flow guiding mechanism; 230, flow diversion chamber;

[0043] 30, nozzle section; 310, second chamber; 320, connection expansion;

[0044] 40. Lubricating oil nozzle mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used in all drawings to represent the same or similar parts. In addition, although the terms used in the present invention are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some of the terms mentioned in the specification of the present invention may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description herein. In addition, it is required to understand the present invention not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cooling objects of the lubricating oil nozzle are mainly the bearings and gear meshing areas. Figure 1 The corresponding gear meshing is Figure 2 The corresponding one is the bearing.

[0048] For the gear meshing area, the gear meshing area does not have high requirements for the divergence of the external streamlines of the lubricating oil nozzle. However, when the lubricating oil nozzle lubricates and cools the oil receiving port of the oil receiving ring and the bearing, the requirements for the divergence of the external streamlines of the nozzle will increase. The external streamline divergence of the traditional lubricating oil nozzle is too high, resulting in low lubrication and cooling efficiency.

[0049] Specifically, the high divergence of the external streamlines of the conventional lubricating oil nozzle will lead to poor cylindricity of the external streamlines, which will result in the oil receiving port of the oil receiving ring being unable to collect enough lubricating oil, greatly affecting the oil receiving efficiency of the oil receiving ring. Moreover, the large divergence of the external streamlines will also lead to insufficient lubricating oil in the gap between the bearing cage and the outer ring of the bearing, and cause some lubricating oil to splash, thereby affecting the lubrication and cooling effect of the bearing.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 The scene diagram of the external streamline divergence of the lubricating oil nozzle is shown. After each lubricating oil nozzle is processed, a flow direction test is performed. That is, the target plate is placed in a position according to the design requirements, and the nozzle flow rate of the lubricating oil nozzle and the cylindricality of the external streamline of the nozzle are tested and measured. The cylindricality of the external streamline refers to the target passing rate of the external streamline through the target hole in the center of the target plate. Figure 3 It can be seen that Figure 3 The target passing rate of the external streamline of the middle nozzle hole is less than 50%, and the cylindricity is not very ideal, which cannot meet the design requirements.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the mainstream area of ​​the nozzle and the nozzle cannot be in a straight line, when the lubricating oil enters the spray hole, the lubricating oil will bend inside, thereby generating a unidirectional swirl flow field, which in turn causes the flow of the spray hole streamline to be uneven, thus resulting in a large divergence of the streamlines outside the nozzle and a low streamline passing rate.

[0052] Traditionally, the flow field characteristics of unidirectional swirl flow are generally improved by increasing the length of the nozzle and improving the nozzle aspect ratio (the ratio of the nozzle length to the nozzle diameter). However, this method only increases the resistance of the lubricating oil along the nozzle section and cannot produce sufficient consumption effect on the swirl flow. The divergence of the nozzle streamline will still be very large.

[0053] Reference Figures 5 to 8 Based on this, the present invention proposes a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism 40, which includes a mounting section 10, a rectifying section 20 and a nozzle section 30. The mounting section 10 is connected to the guide pipe and has a lubricating oil flow channel 110 inside. Cooling oil flows in the guide pipe.

[0054] One end of the rectifying section 20 is connected to the mounting section 10 . The rectifying section 20 has a first chamber 210 therein. The first chamber 210 is in communication with the lubricating oil channel 110 and is arranged at an angle thereto.

[0055] One end of the nozzle section 30 is connected to the other end of the rectifying section 20. The nozzle section 30 has a second chamber 310 therein, and the second chamber 310 is connected to the first chamber 210. The first chamber 210 has a flow guide mechanism 220 therein, and the flow guide mechanism 220 extends along the axial direction of the first chamber 210.

[0056] It should be noted that the angle between the first chamber 210 and the lubricating oil flow channel 110 is generally 90 degrees. Therefore, based on the fact that the unidirectional swirl flow affects the target passing rate, the present application designs the original nozzle structure into a nozzle section 30 and a straightening section 20, and adds a straightening section 20 that eliminates the unidirectional swirl flow, thereby improving the streamline of the nozzle section 30 and further improving the target passing rate of the external streamline of the nozzle section 30.

[0057] That is, when the lubricating oil flows through the straightening section 20, the guide swirl is broken up by the guide mechanism 220, and the broken up lubricating oil is ejected outward through the nozzle section 30, so that the external streamlines have a low divergence, which makes it easier to meet the design requirements.

[0058] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the straightening section 20 is integrally provided with the mounting section 10 and the nozzle section 30 .

[0059] The straightening section 20, the mounting section 10 and the nozzle section 30 are designed as an integrated arrangement, so that the structural strength of the lubricating oil nozzle can be improved and its service life can be increased.

[0060] In some other embodiments, the rectifying section 20, the nozzle section 30 and the mounting section 10 may also be connected in a detachable manner, or by bonding or welding, which is not limited here.

[0061] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The flow guiding mechanism 220 is a flow guiding grid, which divides the first chamber 210 into at least two flow dividing chambers 230 along its axial direction; the length extension direction of the flow dividing chamber 230 is consistent with the length extension direction of the first chamber 210.

[0062] The guide grid is used to avoid the generation of swirl flow, so that the lubricating oil passing through the lubricating oil flow channel 110 to the first chamber 210 is dispersed and forms a straight flow, and then the streamline divergence sprayed through the nozzle section 30 is low, so as to improve the streamline passing target rate.

[0063] In one embodiment, the guide grid is detachably connected to the rectifying section 20 .

[0064] For different flow rate and flow requirements, guide grilles with different densities can be installed.

[0065] Specifically, the guide grid includes a plurality of partitions, and at least two flow diversion chambers 230 are formed between the partitions or between the partitions and the first chamber 210. The more partitions there are, the smaller the effective flow area of ​​the first chamber 210 is, indicating that the resistance is greater, and the resistance is directly related to the flow rate. Therefore, partitions of different shapes and sizes can be selected, and the flow rate of the first chamber 210 can be adjusted accordingly.

[0066] In one embodiment, in order to provide flexibility in adjusting the flow rate of the nozzle section 30, the nozzle section 30 may not be connected to the rectifying section 20 first, and after ensuring that the minimum flow area of ​​the nozzle section 30 matches the flow rate requirement of the lubricating oil nozzle, nozzle sections 30 of different shapes and sizes are processed and assembled with the nozzle section 30. The assembly method includes, but is not limited to, bonding, welding, etc., which are not limited here.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 For the installation of the rectifying section 20 and the nozzle section 30 , in one embodiment, a connecting flare 320 is provided at the end of the second chamber 310 toward the first chamber 210 , and the size of the connecting flare 320 toward the end of the first chamber 210 is consistent with the cross-sectional size of the first chamber 210 .

[0068] Specifically, the connecting flare 320 may be opened with rounded corners, and the connecting flare 320 is used for smooth transition of the lubricating oil during the flow between the first chamber 210 and the second chamber 310 .

[0069] In some other implementations, the connection expansion opening 320 may not be provided, and the first chamber 210 and the second chamber 310 may be directly connected, which is not limited here.

[0070] Reference Fig. 9 When processing or assembling the guide grid, the guide grid can be processed inward along the end of the rectifying section 20 before connecting the nozzle section 30. That is, the guide grid is processed in the rectifying section 20, and the size of the guide grid can be adjusted according to the flow rate of the rectifying section 20.

[0071] Reference Fig.10 For the processing of the guide grid, a processing channel 120 can also be opened on the installation section 10. The inner diameter of the processing channel 120 is larger than the first chamber 210 and the second chamber 310, and the processing channel 120 is coaxial with the first chamber 210 and connected.

[0072] If the guide grille is detachably connected to the first chamber 210, the guide grille can be pre-designed and processed according to the size of the first chamber 210, and then the guide grille is inserted into the first chamber 210 through the processing channel 120, and connected to the rectifying section 20 by spot welding, bonding, etc. When processing is required, the processing tool can be extended to the first chamber 210 through the processing channel 120 to process and form the guide grille.

[0073] Specifically, a detachable sealing plug 130 is provided in the processing channel 120 , and the sealing plug 130 is interference fit with the processing channel 120 . The sealing plug 130 is used to seal the processing channel 120 when the guide grille is installed.

[0074] That is, when the guide grid needs to be assembled or processed, the sealing plug 130 is pulled out, and when the processing is completed, in order to avoid oil leakage, the sealing plug 130 is used to seal the processing channel 120.

[0075] The sealing plug 130 can be made of elastic material, such as rubber, etc., which is not limited here. The sealing plug 130 is used to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing to the outside through the processing channel 120, ensuring that the flow of the lubricating oil is not affected by the sealing plug 130.

[0076] According to the performance of the lubricating oil nozzle, the flow rate requirement must be met first, and the flow rate is affected by the flow areas of the straightening section 20 and the nozzle section 30. Since the lubricating oil first passes through the straightening section 20 and then is finally ejected through the nozzle section 30, the inner diameter of the straightening section 20 must be larger than the nozzle section 30, otherwise the flow rate of the lubricating oil nozzle cannot meet the design requirements.

[0077] Specifically, the effective flow area of ​​the rectifying section 20, that is, the remaining area of ​​the first chamber 210 after removing the guide mechanism 220, is greater than the minimum flow area of ​​the nozzle section 30. If the flow rate of the rectifying section 20 is too large, the nozzle section 30 of the second chamber 310 with a smaller size can be matched with the rectifying section 20 to make the flow rate meet the design requirements.

[0078] That is, when conducting the flow test of the lubricating oil nozzle, the nozzle section 30 may not be installed first, and only the flow of the rectifying section 20 may be tested to check whether the flow area of ​​the rectifying section 20 meets the design requirements. If the flow area of ​​the rectifying section 20 is too small, the size of the flow guide mechanism 220 may be adjusted to expand the effective flow area of ​​the rectifying section 20. If the flow of the rectifying section 20 is too large, the size of the flow guide mechanism 220 may be adjusted accordingly to reduce the flow area, and the two are in dynamic balance. Separately designing the rectifying section 20 and the nozzle section 30 will produce great flexibility in adjusting the flow of the lubricating oil nozzle.

[0079] The present invention also provides an aircraft engine, comprising the above-mentioned lubricating oil nozzle mechanism 40.

[0080] The present invention improves and optimizes the structure of the lubricating oil nozzle to achieve a smaller divergence of the external streamline of the lubricating oil nozzle and a target pass rate of 100%, thereby ensuring that the lubricating oil nozzle can effectively and continuously provide lubrication and cooling for the rotating parts of the aircraft engine.

[0081] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0082] Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil nozzle mechanism, characterized in that: include: The installation section is communicated with the guide pipe and has a lubricating oil flow channel inside; A rectifying section, one end of which is connected to the mounting seat, wherein the rectifying section has a first chamber, the first chamber is in communication with the lubricating oil flow channel and is arranged at an angle; The nozzle section has one end connected to the other end of the rectifying section, and the nozzle section has a second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the first chamber; wherein, The first chamber has a flow guiding mechanism therein, and the flow guiding mechanism extends along the axial direction of the first chamber.

2. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifying section is integrally arranged with the mounting section and the nozzle section.

3. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism is a flow guiding grid, and the flow guiding grid divides the first chamber into at least two flow dividing chambers along its axial direction; The length extension direction of the diversion chamber is consistent with the length extension direction of the first chamber.

4. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide grid is detachably connected to the rectifying section.

5. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A processing channel is provided on one side of the installation section, and the processing channel is communicated with the first chamber; The guide grille is passed through the processing hole and is clamped in the first cavity.

6. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A detachable sealing plug is provided in the processing channel, and the sealing plug is used to seal the processing channel when the guide grille is installed.

7. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide grille and the rectifying section are processed integrally; A processing channel is opened on one side of the installation end, and the guide grille is formed by digging through the processing channel.

8. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first chamber is larger than the second chamber along its cross-sectional dimension, and the effective flow area of ​​the first chamber is larger than the effective flow area of ​​the second chamber.

9. The lubricating oil nozzle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The end of the second chamber facing the first chamber has a connection expansion opening, and the size of the connection expansion opening facing the end of the first chamber is consistent with the cross-sectional size of the first chamber.

10. An aircraft engine, characterized in that: It comprises a lubricating oil nozzle mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images