Oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance expert control system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance expert control system and control method, and belongs to the technical field of smelting, and the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance expert control system comprises an in-furnace online raw material analysis system, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, a slag and matte grade online analysis system and an expert workstation; in the device, a control system consisting of an in-furnace on-line raw material analysis system, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, a slag and matte grade on-line analysis system and an expert work station is used for real-time control of the system; the pressure condition of the oxygen lance in actual work can be stabilized, the pressure of an air branch pipe and the pressure of an oxygen branch pipe of the oxygen lance are effectively controlled, and it is guaranteed that a single oxygen lance reaches a better operation state. Therefore, the operation cycle of the oxygen lance of the bottom-blowing furnace is prolonged, and the operation rate of the bottom-blowing furnace process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of furnace equipment, in particular to an expert control system and a control method for an oxygen lance of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace. Background Art

[0002] The oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace and its supporting equipment are all conventional processes, such as material preparation, oxygen production, air supply, blowing, refining, flue gas acid production, etc. This technology has the advantages of strong raw material adaptability, high sulfur utilization rate, high metal recovery rate, and high load elasticity, and has been widely used. At present, the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace is mainly used in the copper and lead smelting industries. The device that sprays gas into the molten pool through the nozzle at the bottom of the furnace body is collectively called an oxygen gun. The oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace blows oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool through the oxygen gun at the bottom of the molten pool, so that the molten pool is in a strong stirring state. The charge is added to the surface of the molten pool from the top of the furnace and is quickly drawn into the stirred melt, forming good heat and mass transfer conditions. The oxidation reaction releases a large amount of heat, which makes the charge melt quickly and generate copper matte and slag.

[0003] The oxygen lance is the key equipment of the bottom-blown furnace and the core technology of the bottom-blown furnace. The service life and operating conditions of the oxygen lance restrict the continuous operation time and output of the bottom-blown furnace. The operation rate of the oxygen lance can even determine the survival of the entire enterprise. The main function of the oxygen lance is to blow air and industrial oxygen of a certain flow, pressure and temperature into the furnace body through the air slot and the oxygen slot during the smelting process to contact the high-temperature melt. The main function of air is to cool the oxygen lance, and the main function of oxygen is to participate in the chemical reaction of the charge. During the reaction process, due to the cooling of the air and the chemical reaction of oxygen, a "mushroom head" will be formed between the lance head and the furnace brick, forming a package for the oxygen lance to protect the oxygen lance from being burned. The "mushroom head" has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, air permeability and high hardness. As the operation time of the oxygen lance increases, the air permeability of the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance will decrease, resulting in an increase in the air and oxygen pressure and a decrease in the flow rate of the oxygen lance blowing into the furnace body, which indirectly leads to large splashing of the melt in the furnace and burning of the oxygen lance bricks. The bottom-blown furnace needs to be turned out for cleaning and replacement of the oxygen lance after 3-5 days of operation. If the oxygen lance is not replaced in time, the operation rate of the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace will be affected at best, and a safety production accident will occur at worst. In order to avoid the above accidents, the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace needs to be transferred to the accident position to replace and clean the oxygen lance after running for a period of time, and then transferred to the working position for production operation.

[0004] The quality of global mineral resources is becoming increasingly low-coarse and mixed, with complex components and high impurity content of zinc, magnesium and aluminum, which poses a high challenge to the operation rate of oxygen lances in oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnaces. Conventional oxygen lances are affected by the density and height of the molten pool in the bottom-blown furnace and the impurities entering the furnace. As the operation time increases, the air permeability of the "mushroom head" wrapped around the oxygen lance nozzle becomes worse and worse, the pressure acting on the oxygen lance nozzle will become greater and greater, the oxygen lance air flow will decrease, and the oxygen lance body and the furnace bricks around the oxygen lance will be further burned, resulting in the following defects:

[0005] (1) As the reaction in the furnace proceeds, the oxygen lance cannot automatically adjust the flow rate and temperature of air and oxygen according to the changes in the furnace conditions, and cannot suppress the splashing in the furnace under the optimal bottom-blowing furnace dynamics and thermodynamic conditions. In the case of severe splashing in the furnace, the melt at the feed port and flue port will splash severely. The melt splashing at the feed port will cause burns to the personnel on duty, posing a great safety hazard. Severe splashing at the flue port will block the flue port, affecting smoke extraction and exhaust, and posing a great environmental risk.

[0006] (2) With the operation of the oxygen lance of the bottom-blowing furnace, the flow rate of oxygen and air blown into the furnace decreases. Under the same bottom-blowing furnace load conditions, the concentrate reaction in the furnace is incomplete, raw materials are discharged from the slag outlet, and the metal loss is large. After reducing the bottom-blowing furnace load, the output of the main product is affected, which indirectly reduces the economic benefits of the enterprise;

[0007] (3) Due to the short operating cycle of the bottom-blowing furnace oxygen lance, the oxygen lance needs to be frequently replaced and cleaned. Each time the system is switched out, it needs to be shut down for more than 4 hours. The metallurgical furnace has a high safety and environmental risk during the rotation process. There is no product output during the shutdown period, which reduces the economic benefits of the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the invented system. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantage that the above-mentioned oxygen lance is affected by the density and height of the molten pool in the bottom blowing furnace. As the operation time increases, the air permeability of the "mushroom head" wrapped in the oxygen lance blowing port becomes worse and worse, the pressure acting on the oxygen lance blowing port will become greater and greater, the air flow rate of the oxygen lance will decrease, the oxygen lance body and the furnace bricks around the oxygen lance will be further burned, thereby causing other defects. An expert control system and control method for the oxygen lance of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace are provided.

[0011] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: an oxygen lance control system for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing furnace, comprising an online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, an online slag and matte grade analysis system and an expert workstation;

[0012] The online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace is used to detect and analyze various components in the materials entering the furnace;

[0013] The air station control system is used to adjust the air flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance;

[0014] The oxygen station control system is used to adjust the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance;

[0015] The oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is used to remove the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle;

[0016] The molten pool depth display system is used to detect the molten pool depth and display the thickness of the matte layer and the slag layer;

[0017] The slag and matte grade online analysis system is used to detect and analyze the slag and matte grade;

[0018] The expert workstation is used to adjust the air and oxygen pressure in real time, and control the start and stop of the automatic cleaning system to achieve the stability of the air and oxygen flow of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance. The above-mentioned online raw material analysis system, air station control system, oxygen station control system, oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, molten pool depth display system, slag and matte grade online analysis system are connected to the expert workstation for unified control.

[0019] Optionally, the online raw material analysis system for the furnace sets three automatic sampling points on the material feeding conveyor belt, and takes samples for fluorescence analysis at intervals according to the stability of the blowing, so as to grasp the changes of the raw materials entering the furnace in real time.

[0020] Optionally, the air station control system adjusts the oxygen lance air flow and pressure by adjusting the oxygen lance air reducer according to the air pressure and flow conditions during the operation of the oxygen lance.

[0021] Optionally, the oxygen station control system adjusts the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance by adjusting the oxygen reducer of the oxygen lance according to the oxygen pressure and flow during the operation of the oxygen lance.

[0022] Optionally, the oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is based on the oxygen and air pressure conditions during the operation of the oxygen lance. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the system is activated to improve the air permeability of the oxygen lance by inserting a spiral cleaning gun into the oxygen lance core to remove the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle.

[0023] Optionally, the slag and matte grade online analysis system can analyze the slag and matte grade by sampling, and cooperate with the expert workstation to make real-time adjustments to the entire system.

[0024] Optionally, the interval sampling time is 30-180 minutes.

[0025] A control method for an oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1: The oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined by detecting and analyzing the components of the incoming materials through the online raw material analysis system;

[0027] S2: Determine the local air temperature ΔT, the local oxygen temperature Δt, and the local oxygen concentration H according to the local environmental conditions;

[0028] S3: Detect the real-time smelting air pressure P through the air station control system 空 ;

[0029] S3: Detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P through the oxygen station control system 氧 ;

[0030] S4: Detect the height H of the matte layer in the smelting furnace during smelting 冰铜 and the height H of the molten slag layer 渣 ;

[0031] S5: The slag and matte grade online analysis system detects the matte viscosity μ and matte density ρ 冰铜 and the density of the slag ρ 渣 ;

[0032] S6: Calculate the air and oxygen pressure of the oxygen gun using the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] In the above formula:

[0035] P 空气 : is the air pressure;

[0036] P 氧气 : is oxygen pressure;

[0037] μ: is the viscosity of copper matte;

[0038] △p: excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet;

[0039] ρ 冰铜 : is the density of matte;

[0040] H 冰铜 : is the height of the matte liquid level during the smelting process;

[0041] ρ 渣 : is the slag density;

[0042] H 渣 : is the height of slag liquid level during smelting;

[0043] K: oxygen concentration in the air under local working conditions;

[0044] ΔT: local air temperature;

[0045] Δt: local oxygen temperature;

[0046] H: oxygen concentration;

[0047] g: is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0048] S7: Real-time adjustment of air pressure P via expert workstation 空气 and oxygen pressure P 氧气 ;

[0049] S8: Adjust the oxygen gun diameter Ф according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions.

[0050] Optionally, the diameter Φ of the oxygen lance is 40-70 cm; the value of △p is 40-50 KPa.

[0051] Optionally, the value of the oxygen lance diameter Φ is 55 cm; the value of the △p is 46 Kpa.

[0052] The present invention has one of the following advantages:

[0053] In this device, a control system composed of an online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an automatic oxygen lance cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, an online slag and matte grade analysis system and an expert workstation is used. Through real-time control of this system, the pressure of the oxygen lance in actual work can be stabilized, the air branch pipe pressure and the oxygen branch pipe pressure of the oxygen lance can be effectively controlled, the oxygen lance pressure can be stabilized, and a single oxygen lance can be guaranteed to reach a better operating state, thereby extending the operating cycle of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance and improving the process operation rate of the bottom blowing furnace; due to the stable operation of the oxygen lance, the splashing in the furnace is suppressed and production hazards are reduced; at the same time, the flow rate of oxygen and air blown into the furnace is stable, the concentrate in the furnace reacts completely, the metal loss is reduced, the product output is guaranteed, and the economic benefits are indirectly improved; the operating cycle of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance is extended, the shutdown time is reduced, the product output is guaranteed, the insulation energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefits are indirectly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0055] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the oxygen lance of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace is affected by the density and height of the molten pool in the bottom blowing furnace, as the operation time increases, the air permeability of the "mushroom head" wrapped around the oxygen lance nozzle becomes worse and worse, the pressure acting on the oxygen lance nozzle becomes greater and greater, the air flow of the oxygen lance decreases, the oxygen lance body and the furnace bricks around the oxygen lance are further burned, thereby causing other abnormal defects, an oxygen lance control system for an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace is disclosed, such as Figure 1 As shown, it is a control system consisting of an online raw material analysis system entering the furnace, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an automatic oxygen gun cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, an online slag and matte grade analysis system and an expert workstation.

[0058] The slag and matte grade online analysis system is used to detect and analyze the slag and matte grade. By sampling and analyzing the slag and matte grade, the entire system is adjusted in real time in conjunction with the expert workstation to calibrate the expert station matte density (ρ 冰铜 ) and slag density (ρ 渣 ) Theoretical calculation value. The expert workstation is used to adjust the air and oxygen pressure in real time, and control the start and stop of the automatic cleaning system to achieve the stability of the air and oxygen flow of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance. In fact, the above-mentioned online raw material analysis system, air station control system, oxygen station control system, oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, molten pool depth display system, slag and matte grade online analysis system are connected to the expert workstation for unified control.

[0059] Specifically, in this system, the online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace is used to detect and analyze the various components in the materials entering the furnace. According to the different qualities of raw materials, three automatic sampling points are set on the material feeding conveyor belt as needed, and samples are taken at intervals according to the stability of the matte grade during the smelting process for fluorescence analysis, so as to grasp the changes of the raw materials entering the furnace in real time. After years of production summary, under normal circumstances, the composition of the furnace is as follows:

[0060] element Cu Fe S <![CDATA[SiO2]]> CaO Pb Zn MgO <![CDATA[Al2O3]]> Sb Bi Ni Sn other Water Element% 18.877 25.888 24.161 8.315 1.932 1.337 2.323 1.233 1.934 0.120 0.105 0.041 0.065 2.759 10.91

[0061] In the process of practical application, according to historical summary, the expert station carries out metallurgical calculation according to the processing volume, furnace composition, flue gas volume, and oxygen concentration. The metallurgical heat balance calculation can be calculated by conventional metal smelting material balance and heat balance calculation methods. Of course, other technical methods can also be used for calculation. Finally, it is concluded that the density of matte (ρ 冰铜 ) and slag density (ρ 渣 ), and then according to these theoretical values ​​and the most suitable working state in the historical working process, a more suitable oxygen lance outlet excess pressure △p and oxygen lance diameter Ф are obtained as the original reference data of the expert station. Then, the oxygen lance of the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace is controlled according to the method of the present invention. In this application, the original oxygen lance outlet excess pressure △p is 46Kpa, and the oxygen lance diameter is 55cm, which are used as the original reference data of the expert station. The control adjustment of the present invention is all based on this reference value.

[0062] In the use of this system, when the raw materials are transported by the conveyor belt, the raw material analysis system entering the furnace obtains the raw materials for analysis to determine the oxygen lance diameter Ф, and the oxygen lance diameter Ф ranges from 40-70cm. The excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is determined according to the oxygen lance diameter Ф. The excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet ranges from 40-50Kpa. The specific corresponding relationship between different oxygen lance diameters Ф and excess pressure is as follows: when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 40cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 40Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 45cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 42Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 50cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 44Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 55cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 46Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 60cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 46Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 65cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 48Kpa; when the oxygen lance diameter Ф is 70cm, the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 50Kpa.

[0063] In the control of this system, the oxygen lance diameter Ф and the excess pressure △p at the oxygen lance outlet are determined first to obtain a suitable flow rate. In actual use, as the raw materials change, the furnace conditions fluctuate. At this time, it is necessary to make real-time adjustments to the flow rate of the oxygen lance to adapt to the fluctuations. This process is carried out continuously. The bottom blowing furnace adopts a mechanism of continuous slag discharge and intermittent copper discharge to discharge the melt, and sampling and analysis are carried out during the discharge process.

[0064] In the present invention, an oxygen lance diameter Φ and an excess pressure △p at the oxygen lance outlet are first determined by raw materials, and then an initial air pressure and oxygen pressure are determined. Then, as the parameters affecting the air pressure and oxygen pressure change, a variable air pressure and oxygen pressure are obtained. When the fluctuation of the variable air pressure and oxygen pressure and the initial air pressure and oxygen pressure reaches a set value, the oxygen lance diameter Φ is adjusted according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions to reduce the fluctuation, thereby ensuring that the oxygen lance is in the best operating state.

[0065] In the use of this system, when the raw materials are conveyed by the conveyor belt, the raw material analysis system entering the furnace obtains the raw materials for analysis to determine the oxygen lance diameter Ф, which ranges from 40-70cm. The excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is determined based on the oxygen lance diameter Ф, which ranges from 40-50Kpa. The specific corresponding relationship is as follows:

[0066] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 57-59%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 40cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 40Kpa;

[0067] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 60-62%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 45cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 42Kpa;

[0068] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 63-65%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 50cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 44Kpa;

[0069] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 66-68%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 55cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 46Kpa;

[0070] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 69-71%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 60cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 46Kpa;

[0071] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 72-74%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 65cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 48Kpa;

[0072] The expert system completes the calculation of theoretical matte grade based on the online raw material analysis system entering the furnace. When the theoretical matte grade is 75-77%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 70cm and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 50Kpa.

[0073] The materials in the same batch do not change much. In the actual production process, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined when the materials first enter the smelting process. The real-time adjustment in the whole process requires the setting of three automatic sampling points on the material feeding conveyor belt. The samples are taken at intervals according to the stability of the blowing process for fluorescence analysis, so as to grasp the changes of the raw materials entering the furnace and the fluctuations of the furnace conditions in real time. The sampling time is 30-180 minutes.

[0074] When the error between the matte grade calculated by the online slag and matte grade analysis system and the expert system is ≥±6, the sampling time is 30 minutes;

[0075] When the error of the matte grade calculated by the online analysis system of slag and matte grade and the expert system is ≥±4 and <±6, the sampling time is 60 minutes;

[0076] When the error of the matte grade calculated by the online analysis system of slag and matte grade and the expert system is ≥±2 and <±4, the sampling time is 90 minutes;

[0077] When the error of the matte grade calculated by the online analysis system of slag and matte grade and the expert system is ≥±1, but <±2, the sampling time is 180 minutes;

[0078] When the error of the matte grade calculated by the on-line analysis system for slag and matte grade and the expert system is less than ±1, the sampling time is 180 minutes.

[0079] In the process of smelting, the smelting conditions in the furnace are affected by many factors, because the whole smelting process is a process of continuous fluctuation. Therefore, in the process of smelting, according to the experience outside, the main factors affecting the air flow of the oxygen lance are summarized as follows: air pressure and oxygen pressure.

[0080]

[0081] In the above formula:

[0082] P 空气 : is the air pressure;

[0083] P 氧气 : is oxygen pressure;

[0084] μ: is the viscosity of copper matte;

[0085] △p: excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet;

[0086] ρ 冰铜 : is the density of matte;

[0087] H 冰铜 : is the height of the matte liquid level during the smelting process;

[0088] ρ 渣 : is the slag density;

[0089] H 渣 : is the height of slag liquid level during smelting;

[0090] K: oxygen concentration in the air under local working conditions;

[0091] ΔT: local air temperature;

[0092] Δt: local oxygen temperature;

[0093] H: oxygen concentration;

[0094] g: is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0095] Ф: Diameter of oxygen lance.

[0096] The factors in the above formula are the main factors and relationships that affect air pressure and oxygen pressure. In the actual working process, control and adjust according to the following steps;

[0097] S1: The online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace is used to detect and analyze the components in the materials entering the furnace to determine the oxygen lance diameter Ф and the excess pressure △p at the oxygen lance outlet;

[0098] S2: Determine the local air temperature ΔT, the local oxygen temperature Δt, and the local oxygen concentration H according to the local environmental conditions;

[0099] S3: Detect the real-time smelting air pressure P through the air station control system 空 ;

[0100] S3: Detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P through the oxygen station control system 氧 ;

[0101] S4: Detect the height H of the matte layer in the smelting furnace during smelting 冰铜 and the height of the slag layer H 渣 ;

[0102] S5: The slag and matte grade online analysis system detects the matte viscosity μ and matte density ρ 冰铜 and the density of the slag ρ 渣 ;

[0103] S6: Calculate the air and oxygen pressure of the oxygen gun using the following formula:

[0104]

[0105] S7: Real-time adjustment of air pressure P via expert workstation 空气 and oxygen pressure P 氧气 ;

[0106] S8: Adjust the oxygen gun diameter Ф according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions.

[0107] In the present invention, the specific control is as follows:

[0108] The expert system completes the theoretical matte grade calculation based on the online raw material analysis system. When the theoretical matte grade is 66-68%, the oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined to be 55cm, and the excess pressure at the oxygen lance outlet is 46Kpa. When the error between the slag and matte grade online analysis system and the theoretically calculated matte grade by the expert system is ≥±6, the sampling time is 30min, and the matte works normally. The slag and matte grade online analysis system detects that the matte viscosity μ is 2.42×10 -3 Pa.s, density of matte ρ 冰铜 4.26g / cm 3 , the height of the matte liquid level during smelting H 冰铜 0.6-0.9m, slag density ρ 渣 3.25g / cm 3 In addition, under the current working conditions, the oxygen concentration K in the air is measured to be 20.53%, the air temperature ΔT is 37°C, the oxygen temperature Δt is 26°C, the oxygen concentration H is 89.5%, and the gravity acceleration g is 9.82m / s 2 . The above formulas are used to calculate Pair = 0.72Mpa, Poxygen = 0.59Mpa. The best Pair and Poxygen are the initial reference values, recorded as Pair and Poxygen. 氧气参 .

[0109] During operation, the melting air pressure P is detected. 空 is>0.74Mpa, smelting oxygen pressure P 氧 is>0.68Mpa. At this time, there is a big difference between Pair parameter and Poxygen parameter, and these differences need to be adjusted. At this time, the oxygen gun diameter Ф needs to be adjusted to 60cm so that P 氧气 Infinitely close to P 氧 P 空气 Infinitely close to P 空 , so as to adjust the oxygen gun so that it still maintains its original operating state.

[0110] In the actual production process, the molten pool depth display system measures the molten pool depth by intermittently inserting a high-temperature resistant steel pipe from the measuring hole on the top of the furnace body to display the thickness of the matte layer and slag layer, and transmits the data to the expert workstation.

[0111] The air station control system is used to adjust the air flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance. According to the air pressure and flow of the oxygen lance during operation, the air flow and pressure of the oxygen lance are adjusted by adjusting the air diameter of the oxygen lance. Under normal operation, the air flow of a single oxygen lance is 1500-1700NM 3 / h, the pressure is 0.7-0.74Mpa; as the oxygen lance operation time increases, the oxygen lance air pressure will gradually increase and the flow rate will gradually decrease. When the air flow rate drops to 500NM 3 / h, the air station control system reduces the air diameter of a single oxygen lance, increases the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance, and ensures that the single oxygen lance reaches the best operating state.

[0112] The oxygen station control system is used to adjust the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance. According to the oxygen pressure and flow of the oxygen lance during operation, the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance are adjusted by adjusting the oxygen reducer of the oxygen lance. Under normal operation, the oxygen flow of a single oxygen lance is 1000-1200NM 3 / h, the pressure is 0.6-0.68Mpa; as the oxygen lance operation time increases, the oxygen pressure of the oxygen lance will gradually increase and the flow rate will gradually decrease. When the oxygen flow rate drops to 500NM 3 / h, the oxygen station control system reduces the oxygen diameter of a single oxygen lance, increases the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance, and ensures that the single oxygen lance reaches the best operating state.

[0113] The oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is used to remove the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle. According to the oxygen and air pressure conditions during the operation of the oxygen lance, when the pressure exceeds the set value, the system is started and the spiral cleaning gun is inserted into the oxygen lance core to remove the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle to improve the air permeability of the oxygen lance.

[0114] Among them, the adjustment of step S8: requires a refresh frequency to be determined by the expert workstation, and the refresh frequency can be set specifically according to the needs, for example, when the raw material component changes greatly for three consecutive times, it is refreshed. It can also be determined according to the best production conditions during actual production, for example, it is refreshed according to the size of the matte grade error, and the matte grade error is refreshed once at each sampling time. Of course, it can also be refreshed according to the production time, for example, it is refreshed every 30 minutes, or every 60 minutes. Of course, it can also be manually controlled and actively refreshed according to needs.

[0115] In the present invention, a control system composed of an online raw material analysis system, an air station control system, an oxygen station control system, an oxygen gun automatic cleaning system, a molten pool depth display system, an online analysis system for slag and matte grades, and an expert workstation can be used to stabilize the pressure of the oxygen gun in actual work through real-time control of the system. The pressure of the oxygen gun air branch pipe can be controlled within 0.6Mpa according to the setting, and the pressure of the oxygen branch pipe is controlled at 0.55Mpa, so as to stabilize the oxygen gun pressure and ensure that a single oxygen gun reaches a better operating state. As a result, the operation cycle of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen gun is extended from 5 days / time to 30 days / time, and the process operation rate of the bottom blowing furnace is increased from 93% to 98%. Due to the stable operation of the oxygen gun, the splashing in the furnace is suppressed and production hazards are reduced. At the same time, the flow rate of oxygen and air blown into the furnace is stable, the concentrate in the furnace reacts completely, the metal loss is reduced, the product output is guaranteed, and the economic benefits are indirectly improved. The operation cycle of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen gun is extended, the downtime is reduced, the product output is guaranteed, the insulation is reduced, and the economic benefits are indirectly improved.

[0116] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oxygen lance control system for an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace, characterized in that: It includes online raw material analysis system, air station control system, oxygen station control system, oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, molten pool depth display system, slag and matte grade online analysis system and expert workstation; The online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace is used to detect and analyze various components in the materials entering the furnace; The air station control system is used to adjust the air flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance; The oxygen station control system is used to adjust the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance; The oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is used to clean the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle; The molten pool depth display system is used to detect the molten pool depth and display the thickness of the matte layer and the slag layer; The slag and matte grade online analysis system is used to detect and analyze the slag and matte grade; The expert workstation is used to adjust the air and oxygen pressure in real time, and control the start and stop of the automatic cleaning system at the same time to achieve the stability of the air and oxygen flow of the bottom blowing furnace oxygen lance; the above-mentioned online raw material analysis system entering the furnace, air station control system, oxygen station control system, oxygen lance automatic cleaning system, molten pool depth display system, slag and matte grade online analysis system are connected to the expert workstation for unified control.

2. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online raw material analysis system for entering the furnace is equipped with three automatic sampling points on the material feeding conveyor belt, and samples are taken at intervals for fluorescence analysis according to the stability of the matte grade, so as to grasp the changes of the raw materials entering the furnace and the fluctuation of the matte grade in real time.

3. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air station control system adjusts the air flow and pressure of the oxygen lance by adjusting the air diameter of the oxygen lance according to the air pressure and flow during the operation of the oxygen lance.

4. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen station control system adjusts the oxygen flow and pressure of a single oxygen lance by adjusting the oxygen diameter of the oxygen lance according to the oxygen pressure and flow during the operation of the oxygen lance.

5. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is based on the oxygen and air pressure conditions during the operation of the oxygen lance. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the oxygen lance automatic cleaning system is started, and the air permeability of the oxygen lance is improved by inserting a spiral cleaning gun into the oxygen lance core to remove the "mushroom head" of the oxygen lance nozzle.

6. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag and matte grade online analysis system samples and analyzes the slag and matte grades, and cooperates with the expert workstation to make real-time adjustments to the entire system.

7. The oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling interval is 30-180 minutes.

8. A control method for an oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The oxygen lance diameter Ф is determined by detecting and analyzing the components of the incoming materials through the online raw material analysis system; S2: Determine the local air temperature ΔT, the local oxygen temperature Δt, and the local oxygen concentration H according to the local environmental conditions; S3: Detect the real-time smelting air pressure P through the air station control system 空 ; S3: Detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P through the oxygen station control system 氧 ; S4: Detect the height H of the matte layer in the smelting furnace during smelting 冰铜 and the height of the slag layer H 渣 ; S5: The slag and matte grade online analysis system detects the matte viscosity μ and matte density ρ 冰铜 and the density of the slag ρ 渣 ; S6: Calculate the air and oxygen pressure of the oxygen gun using the following formula: S7: real-time adjustment of air pressure Pair and oxygen pressure Poxygen through the expert workstation; S8: Adjust the oxygen gun diameter Ф according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions.

9. The control method of the oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The value of the oxygen lance diameter Φ is 40-70cm; the value of △p is 40-50Kpa.

10. The control method of the oxygen lance control system of an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The value of the oxygen lance diameter Φ is 55 cm; the value of △p is 46 Kpa.

Images