Heat exchanger with movable guide vane and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes and a control method. The heat exchanger comprises at least one heat exchange plate, at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged in the heat exchange plate, and the movable guide vane moves or rotates relatively in the working pipeline to adjust the heat exchange efficiency. The regulation and control device is provided with at least one heat exchange plate, and at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged in the heat exchange plate; the at least one actuator is used for adjusting the relative position of the movable guide vane; the at least one flow sensor is used for acquiring flow information of a working medium in a working pipeline of the heat exchange plate; the at least one position sensor is used for acquiring position information of the movable guide vane; the at least one temperature sensor is used for acquiring temperature information of the heat exchange plate and the working pipeline; the processor controls the actuator to adjust the opening degree of the movable guide vane so as to achieve adjustment of temperature consistency and heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of heat exchange, in particular to a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes and a control method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the performance and safety of power batteries, as the core components of electric vehicles, have received widespread attention. The heat dissipation effect of the power battery pack is determined by the corresponding cooling system. If the heat dissipation effect is not good, it will lead to a decline in battery performance, shortened life, and even cause safety accidents such as thermal runaway. Therefore, the thermal management technology of power batteries has become one of the key technologies in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries can only achieve their maximum performance and service life when they operate in a specific temperature range, so controlling the maximum temperature is one of the main indicators of the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger. Currently, new energy vehicles usually use liquid cooling to cool power batteries. Liquid cooling technology has high cooling efficiency, but its structure is complex, there is a risk of leakage, and the maintenance cost is relatively high.

[0004] Only when the temperature of each battery in the battery pack is working at a similar temperature can the battery pack really play its due performance. However, first, there is a certain error between the actual performance of each battery cell and the nominal performance, and there may also be obvious performance differences and operating temperature rises between battery cells; second, after continuous heat exchange, the temperature of the working medium in the working pipeline continues to rise, resulting in obvious differences in the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange plate at the inlet and outlet of the working pipeline; third, battery performance and parameters are constantly changing with the number of discharges. As a result, the solution of directly cooling the battery pack with a liquid cooling pipeline cannot take into account the actual heat dissipation requirements of each cell. This not only limits the working performance of the battery pack in a single discharge cycle, but also reduces the life of the entire battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes and a control method. The method can arrange movable guide vanes to achieve zoning optimization of the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger, and can effectively solve the deficiencies of the current heat exchanger in terms of consistency of temperature control effect. The method is applicable to both automatic systems and manual adjustments.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to achieve distribution and regulation of working medium among working pipelines, thereby achieving precise temperature control and improving temperature control efficiency.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to utilize movable guide vanes to induce vortex shedding and turbulence enhancement, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient on the surface of the working pipeline inside the control device, thereby achieving zoning adjustment and optimization of the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger.

[0008] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is:

[0009] A heat exchanger with movable guide vanes, the heat exchanger comprising:

[0010] at least one heat exchange plate, wherein at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged inside the heat exchange plate;

[0011] The at least one working pipeline has a working medium flowing inside the at least one working pipeline to achieve heat transfer and temperature control;

[0012] The at least one movable guide vane can move or rotate relative to the working pipeline to adjust the heat exchange performance of the working pipeline.

[0013] The at least one movable guide vane comprises two types: the first type of movable guide vane has a full height in the axial direction and can completely close the working pipeline at the minimum opening position; the second type of movable guide vane has a size in the axial direction that is smaller than the size of the working pipeline in the same direction of the second type of movable guide vane, and cannot completely close the working pipeline at the minimum opening position, but can induce vortex shedding and enhance the turbulence and heat transfer efficiency of the near-wall area.

[0014] A control device applicable to a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes, the control device comprising:

[0015] at least one heat exchange plate, at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged inside the heat exchange plate;

[0016] at least one actuator, the at least one actuator being used to adjust the relative position of the movable guide vane relative to the heat exchange plate or the working pipeline in the heat exchange plate;

[0017] At least one flow sensor, wherein the at least one flow sensor is capable of acquiring flow information of a working medium in a working pipeline of the heat exchange plate;

[0018] at least one position sensor, wherein the at least one position sensor is capable of acquiring position information of the movable guide vane;

[0019] At least one temperature sensor, wherein the at least one temperature sensor is capable of acquiring temperature information of a working medium in a working pipeline of the heat exchange plate;

[0020] and a processor including a control algorithm;

[0021] The control algorithm is:

[0022] receiving flow data from the at least one flow sensor;

[0023] receiving position data from the at least one position sensor;

[0024] receiving temperature data from the at least one temperature sensor;

[0025] Comparing the flow sensor data and the temperature sensor data with a set threshold value to determine whether the movable guide vane meets the working condition;

[0026] When the operating conditions are met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is calculated, the target displacement vector is obtained by using the position data of the position sensor and the target position, a control parameter is generated, and the at least one actuator is manipulated to adjust the at least one movable guide vane to the target position based on the control parameter.

[0027] The operating conditions include at least a maximum opening operating condition, a minimum opening operating condition and an intermediate opening operating condition; and,

[0028] The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the maximum opening operating condition is met;

[0029] The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the minimum opening operating condition is met;

[0030] The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the intermediate opening degree operating condition is met.

[0031] The thresholds are thresholds of at least one maximum opening operating condition, one minimum opening operating condition and one intermediate opening operating condition obtained based on theoretical analysis, simulation data, experimental data and empirical data.

[0032] The target position of the at least one movable guide vane is obtained based on theoretical analysis, simulation data, experimental data and empirical data.

[0033] The operating conditions are as follows: when the maximum opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to the position where the opening is the largest; when the minimum opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to the position where the opening is the smallest; when the intermediate opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to its target intermediate opening position.

[0034] A control method for a regulating device for a heat exchanger having at least two working pipelines and movable guide vanes, comprising the above-mentioned regulating device for a heat exchanger having movable guide vanes, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: using a flow sensor to obtain flow information of the at least two working pipelines, and using a temperature sensor to obtain temperature information of the at least two working pipelines;

[0036] Step 2: The processor estimates the consistency of the temperature of the heat exchange plate according to the temperature information of the at least two working pipelines;

[0037] Step three, according to the temperature information, flow information and position information of the at least two working pipelines, calculate the target position of the movable guide vane, send a signal and control the actuator to move the at least one movable guide vane to the target position, so as to reduce the opening of the movable guide vane in the working pipeline with low heat exchange demand and the flow rate of the working pipeline, and increase the opening of the movable guide vane in the working pipeline with high heat exchange demand and the flow rate of the working pipeline.

[0038] A control method for improving the temperature control heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger having at least one second type movable guide vane, comprising the above-mentioned control device suitable for a heat exchanger having movable guide vanes, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: using a flow sensor to obtain flow information of the at least one working pipeline, using a temperature sensor to obtain temperature information of the at least one working pipeline, and using a position sensor to obtain position information of the at least one second type movable guide vane;

[0040] Step 2: calculating a target position of the at least one second type movable guide vane according to the temperature information and flow information of the at least one working pipeline and the position information of the second type movable guide vane;

[0041] Step three: the processor sends a signal and controls the actuator to move the at least one movable guide vane to a target position.

[0042] A method for improving the consistency of the temperature control effect of a heat exchanger having at least one second type movable guide vane and a manual actuator, comprising the above-mentioned control device for a heat exchanger having movable guide vanes, the method comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Install the heat source on the heat exchange plate and conduct a heat exchange experiment;

[0044] Step 2: using a manual actuator to control the working position of the at least one second type movable guide vane;

[0045] Step 3: Evaluate the temperature control effect based on the temperature consistency of the heat exchange process;

[0046] Step 4: when the temperature consistency is greater than the critical value, the target position of the at least one second type movable guide vane is estimated according to the target position of the movable guide vane, and the at least one second type movable guide vane is manually adjusted to the target position, and the process returns to step 1 to start the next round of heat exchange experiment;

[0047] Step 5: When the temperature consistency is less than the critical value, stop the heat exchange experiment.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) A heat exchanger capable of achieving precise temperature control is provided, which utilizes movable guide vanes to achieve zoned control of the heat exchange effect, thereby improving the temperature control efficiency.

[0050] (2) A heat exchanger with flexible design and strong adaptability is provided, which can meet the requirements of automatic control and can also improve the heat dissipation quality of the heat exchanger through manual adjustment;

[0051] (3) A heat exchanger and a control method thereof capable of achieving high-quality temperature control are provided, which can not only control the temperature range of the entire system, but also achieve coordinated and consistent control of the temperature control effect.

[0052] (4) When applied to new energy vehicle battery packs, it can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent heat dissipation requirements caused by differences in battery cells, significantly extend the service life of the power battery, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0053] (5) The device and control method provided by the present invention have wide applicability and are suitable for most occasions with high requirements on heat exchange efficiency and temperature consistency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal piping structure of a heat exchange plate with a non-smooth enhanced heat transfer unit provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal piping structure of a heat exchange plate with a first type of movable guide vane disposed behind the heat exchange plate provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal piping structure of a heat exchange plate provided by the present invention, in which first-type movable guide vanes are installed in part of the working pipelines;

[0057] Figure 4 The control device of the present invention is a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes, which uses a temperature sensor in a working pipeline to obtain temperature information;

[0058] Figure 5 The present invention provides a control device with a movable guide vane heat exchanger that uses a thermal imager to obtain temperature information.

[0059] In the figure, 100. heat exchange plate 101 inlet 102. outlet 104 first type movable guide vane 107. heat transfer enhancement unit (such as pits, convex bumps) 108. second type movable guide vane 121. temperature sensor 122. flow sensor 123. actuator for adjusting the second type movable guide vane 124. actuator for adjusting the first type movable guide vane 125. position sensor 126. thermal imager. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0061] Figure 1 In an implementation case, the heat exchange plate 100 has an inlet 101 and an outlet 102, and there are four independent working pipelines inside the heat exchange plate 100. A first-class movable guide vane 104 is installed at the inlet of each working pipeline to adjust the flow through the working pipeline, wherein the first-class movable guide vane 104 of one working pipeline is in a closed state, its opening is zero, and the flow of the working medium in the working pipeline is zero; the first-class movable guide vanes 104 of the middle two working pipelines are in a maximum opening state; the first-class movable guide vanes 104 of another working pipeline are in an intermediate opening state. A second-class movable guide vane 108 is installed inside each working pipeline for enhancing heat transfer, and an enhanced heat transfer unit 107 is arranged in the flow field directly downstream of the second-class movable guide vane 108. In this example, the enhanced heat transfer unit 107 is a pit, which is used to cooperate with the second-class movable guide vane to further enhance the heat transfer effect. Among them, the second type of movable guide vanes 108 on the working pipeline where the first type of movable guide vanes 104 are in a closed state and the first type of movable guide vanes 104 are in a maximum opening state are in a fully closed state, and the second type of movable guide vanes 108 on the working pipeline where the first type of movable guide vanes 104 are in an intermediate opening state are in an intermediate opening state.

[0062] In another implementation example, a heat transfer enhancement unit 107 is arranged in the flow field directly downstream of the second type movable guide vane 108. In this example, the heat transfer enhancement unit 107 is a convex hull.

[0063] Figure 2 As an implementation example, there are four independent working pipelines inside the heat exchange plate 100. A first-type movable guide vane 104 is installed at each working pipeline outlet 102 to adjust the flow through the working pipeline. An enhanced heat transfer unit 107 is arranged in the flow field directly downstream of the second-type movable guide vane 108. In this example, the enhanced heat transfer unit 107 is a pit, which is used to cooperate with the second-type movable guide vane to further enhance the heat transfer effect.

[0064] Figure 3 As an implementation example, the heat exchange plate 100 has an inlet 101 and an outlet 102, and there are four independent working pipelines inside the heat exchange plate 100. A first type movable guide vane 104 is installed at each of the inlets of the two middle working pipelines to adjust the flow through the working pipeline. A second type movable guide vane 108 is installed inside each working pipeline to enhance heat transfer.

[0065] In one embodiment, the heat exchanger is used to cool the power battery pack. In another embodiment, the heat exchanger is used to heat the power battery pack in addition to cooling the power battery pack.

[0066] In one implementation case, the heat exchange plate 100 has two working pipelines, and a first type movable guide vane 104 with a circular cross section is installed at the inlet of each working pipeline to adjust the flow through the working pipeline.

[0067] Figure 4 As an implementation case, the control device is composed of multiple heat exchange plates. A temperature sensor 121, a flow sensor 122 and a position sensor 125 are arranged at the inlet of the working pipeline. The temperature sensor 121, the flow sensor 122 and the position sensor 125 feed back the measured data to the processor. The processor sends a signal to the actuator 124 for adjusting the first type of movable guide vanes 104, and controls the flow of the working medium in the working pipeline by controlling the opening of the first type of movable guide vanes 104. The processor also sends a signal to the actuator 123 for adjusting the second type of movable guide vanes 108, and controls the heat exchange efficiency of the working pipeline by controlling the opening of the second type of movable guide vanes.

[0068] Figure 5 As another implementation example, the temperature information is obtained by using a thermal imager 126. In addition, in another implementation, the temperature sensor 121 is installed on the working equipment of the heat exchange plate.

[0069] In some embodiments, the fully manual second type movable guide vanes are also equipped with a manual actuator.

[0070] In some embodiments, when the maximum temperature of the working pipeline exceeds 40°C, the first type of movable guide vanes meet the maximum opening condition; when the minimum temperature of the working pipeline is lower than 20°C, the first type of movable guide vanes meet the minimum opening condition; when the maximum temperature of the working pipeline is between 20°C and 40°C, the first type of movable guide vanes meet the intermediate opening condition. Preferably, the opening formula is: Wherein, W is the opening of the guide vane, when W=1, the guide vane opening is 100%, when W=0, the guide vane opening is 0%, and T is the temperature of the working pipeline; in other implementations, when the maximum temperature of the working pipeline exceeds 40°C, the second type of movable guide vanes meets the minimum opening condition; when the minimum temperature of the working pipeline is lower than 20°C, the second type of movable guide vanes meets the maximum opening condition; when the maximum temperature of the working pipeline is between 20°C and 40°C, the second type of movable guide vanes meets the intermediate opening condition. Preferably, the opening formula is:

[0071] In one embodiment, a control method for a regulating device having N working pipelines and a movable guide vane heat exchange plate comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Use the flow sensor to obtain the flow information of the working pipeline i (i=1, 2, ..., N), using a temperature sensor to obtain the temperature information T of the at least two working pipelines i (i=1, 2, ..., N);

[0073] Step 2: The processor calculates the temperature consistency between different working pipes ΔT = |T i -T j |, where T I and T J are the temperatures of the Ith and Jth working pipelines respectively;

[0074] Step three, increase the opening of the first type of movable guide vanes in the working pipeline with high temperature, or reduce the opening of the first type of movable guide vanes in the working pipeline with low temperature, or reduce the opening of the second type of movable guide vanes in the working pipeline with high temperature, or increase the opening of the second type of movable guide vanes in the working pipeline with low temperature.

[0075] In one embodiment, a control method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a temperature control device having at least one second type movable guide vane comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Using a flow sensor to obtain flow information q of at least one working pipeline i (i=1, 2, ..., N), using a temperature sensor to obtain the temperature information T of at least one working pipeline i (i=1, 2, ..., N), using a position sensor to obtain the position information W of the at least one second type movable guide vane i (i=1, 2, ..., N);

[0077] Step 2: According to the formula Calculate the target position of the second type movable guide vane;

[0078] Step 3: The processor sends a signal and controls the actuator 123 to move the at least one second type movable guide vane to a target position.

[0079] In one embodiment, the method for improving the consistency of the temperature control effect of the control device having at least one second-class movable guide vane and a manual actuator comprises the following steps: 1. Install the battery pack on the heat exchange plate and start a discharge experiment with a depth of 10% to 20%; 2. Obtain the temperature distribution of the battery pack and the heat exchange plate according to the temperature sensor; 3. Use the manual actuator to control the working position of the second-class movable guide vane, reduce the opening of the second-class movable guide vane in the high temperature area, or increase the opening of the second-class movable guide vane in the low temperature area; repeat steps 1 to 3 of this embodiment until the battery pack discharge depth is 100%, and in this process, continuously optimize the opening of each second-class movable guide vane. Complete the battery pack charging, carry out a round of discharge experiment, verify the adjustment effect, and further optimize the opening of the movable guide vane.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger with movable guide vanes, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises: at least one heat exchange plate, wherein at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged inside the heat exchange plate; The at least one working pipeline, the working medium flows inside the at least one working pipeline to achieve heat transfer and temperature control; The at least one movable guide vane can move or rotate relative to the working pipeline to adjust the heat exchange performance of the working pipeline.

2. A heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one movable guide vane comprises at least two types: a first type of movable guide vane has a full height in the axial direction and can completely close the working pipeline at the minimum opening position; a second type of movable guide vane has a size in the axial direction that is smaller than the size of the working pipeline in the same direction of the second type of movable guide vane, and cannot completely close the working pipeline at the minimum opening position, but can induce vortex shedding and enhance the turbulence and heat transfer efficiency of the near-wall area.

3. A control device suitable for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes, characterized in that: The control device comprises: at least one heat exchange plate, at least one working pipeline and at least one movable guide vane are arranged inside the heat exchange plate; at least one actuator, the at least one actuator being used to adjust the relative position of the movable guide vane relative to the heat exchange plate or the working pipeline in the heat exchange plate; At least one flow sensor, wherein the at least one flow sensor is capable of acquiring flow information of a working medium in a working pipeline of the heat exchange plate; at least one position sensor, wherein the at least one position sensor is capable of acquiring position information of the movable guide vane; At least one temperature sensor, wherein the at least one temperature sensor is capable of acquiring temperature information of a working medium in a working pipeline of the heat exchange plate; and a processor including a control algorithm; The control algorithm is: receiving flow data from the at least one flow sensor; receiving position data from the at least one position sensor; receiving temperature data from the at least one temperature information sensor; Comparing the flow sensor data and the temperature sensor data with a set threshold value to determine whether the movable guide vane meets the working condition; When the operating conditions are met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is calculated, the target displacement vector is obtained by using the position data of the position sensor and the target position, a control parameter is generated, and the at least one actuator is manipulated to adjust the at least one movable guide vane to the target position based on the control parameter.

4. A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating conditions include at least a maximum opening operating condition, a minimum opening operating condition and an intermediate opening operating condition; and, The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the maximum opening operating condition is met; The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the minimum opening operating condition is met; The processor compares the measured temperature of the temperature sensor with a threshold value to determine whether the intermediate opening degree operating condition is met.

5. A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thresholds are thresholds of at least one maximum opening operating condition, one minimum opening operating condition and one intermediate opening operating condition obtained based on theoretical analysis, simulation data, experimental data and empirical data.

6. A control device suitable for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The target position of the at least one movable guide vane is obtained based on theoretical analysis, simulation data, experimental data and empirical data.

7. A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating conditions are as follows: when the maximum opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to the position where the opening is the largest; when the minimum opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to the position where the opening is the smallest; when the intermediate opening operating condition is met, the target position of the at least one movable guide vane is set to its target intermediate opening position.

8. A control method for a regulating device having at least two working pipelines and a movable guide vane heat exchanger, characterized in that: A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: using a flow sensor to obtain flow information of the at least two working pipelines, and using a temperature sensor to obtain temperature information of the at least two working pipelines; Step 2: The processor estimates the consistency of the temperature of the heat exchange plate according to the temperature information of the at least two working pipelines; Step three, according to the temperature information, flow information and position information of the at least two working pipelines, calculate the target position of the movable guide vane, send a signal and control the actuator to move the at least one movable guide vane to the target position, so as to reduce the opening of the movable guide vane in the working pipeline with low heat exchange demand and the flow rate of the working pipeline, and increase the opening of the movable guide vane in the working pipeline with high heat exchange demand and the flow rate of the working pipeline.

9. A control method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of temperature control having at least one second type movable guide vane, characterized in that: A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: using a flow sensor to obtain flow information of the at least one working pipeline, using a temperature sensor to obtain temperature information of the at least one working pipeline, and using a position sensor to obtain position information of the at least one second type movable guide vane; Step 2: calculating a target position of the at least one second type movable guide vane according to the temperature information and flow information of the at least one working pipeline and the position information of the second type movable guide vane; Step three: the processor sends a signal and controls the actuator to move the at least one second type movable guide vane to a target position.

10. A method for improving the consistency of temperature control effect of at least one second type movable guide vane and a manual actuator, characterized in that: A control device for a heat exchanger with movable guide vanes according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the heat source on the heat exchange plate and conduct a heat exchange experiment; Step 2: using a manual actuator to control the working position of the at least one second type movable guide vane; Step 3: Evaluate the temperature control effect based on the temperature consistency of the heat exchange process; Step 4: when the temperature consistency is greater than the critical value, the target position of the at least one second type movable guide vane is estimated according to the calculation formula according to claim 6, and the at least one second type movable guide vane is manually adjusted to the target position, and the process returns to step 1 to start the next round of heat exchange experiment; Step 5: When the temperature consistency is less than the critical value, stop the experiment.

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