Enclosure structure airtightness reduced scale test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a space enclosing structure air tightness reduced scale test device, which comprises a reduced scale space enclosing structure, a main body structure which is reduced in scale according to a proportion and typical leakage paths which are arranged in an equal proportion, the material, the thickness, the structure and the construction process of the main body structure are consistent with those of an actual project; the model, the size and the installation process of the typical leakage path are kept consistent with those of an actual project; the environment control system comprises a reduced scale enclosure structure internal environment control device and an airtight door and window environment control device, the reduced scale enclosure structure internal environment control device can control the internal temperature and pressure of the reduced scale enclosure structure, and the airtight door and window environment control device can control the external pressure of an airtight door and an airtight window; according to the invention, the enclosure structure air tightness reduced scale test device is highly consistent with an actual engineering leakage path, so that the consistency of leakage data and actual engineering is ensured, the air tightness data is accurate and reliable, and the method can be used for actual engineering design calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of scaled test devices, in particular to a scaled test device and a test method for air tightness of an enclosure structure. Background Art

[0002] Certain special building envelopes require higher airtightness. For example, the reactor hall requires high airtightness to prevent radioactive materials from leaking into the environment; the clean room requires high airtightness to prevent outside air from leaking into the room and causing air pollution.

[0003] The enclosure structure made of metal materials such as steel can achieve a high degree of airtightness, but its production and installation costs are very high. Concrete enclosure structures have the advantages of mature technology and low cost, but their airtightness cannot be guaranteed. The reason is that the airtightness of concrete enclosure structures depends not only on the concrete material, thickness, components, and casting process, but also on the production and installation process of construction joints, airtight doors and windows, penetrations and other components.

[0004] In order to verify whether the airtightness of the new concrete high-airtightness building envelope meets the requirements, it is necessary to evaluate the airtightness of this envelope. At present, the airtightness parameters of some components can be obtained from literature and airtight parts manufacturers, as well as the overall airtightness data of some special buildings. However, due to the particularity of the materials, structures, and processes of the designed target envelope itself, the existing airtightness data cannot be directly used to evaluate the airtightness of the new building envelope. If this kind of envelope is built according to the design drawings and then the airtightness is evaluated, it may cause the airtightness index to not meet the design requirements, resulting in unnecessary losses such as rework, which will lead to a huge waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a scaled test device and test method for air tightness of enclosure structures, so as to make the air tightness scaled test device of enclosure structures highly consistent with the leakage path of the actual project, thereby ensuring the consistency of leakage data with the actual project, and the air tightness data is accurate and reliable, and can be used for actual engineering design calculations. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a scaled test device for air tightness of an enclosure structure, comprising:

[0007] The scaled enclosure structure includes a scaled main structure and a typical leakage path set in proportion; the material, thickness, structure and construction process of the main structure are consistent with the actual project; the equipment model, size and installation process of the typical leakage path are consistent with the actual project;

[0008] The environmental control system comprises an internal environmental control device for a scaled enclosure structure and an environmental control device for airtight doors and windows. The internal environmental control device for the scaled enclosure structure can control the internal temperature and pressure of the scaled enclosure structure, and the environmental control device for airtight doors and windows can control the external pressure of airtight doors and windows.

[0009] As a further implementation, the environmental control system also includes a strong wind environment simulation device outside the enclosure structure, which includes a movable sealing cover and a variable frequency fan.

[0010] As a further implementation, the internal environment control device of the scaled enclosure structure includes a pressure regulating device and a temperature regulating device; the pressure regulating device is a fan system, which is achieved by changing the amount of air filled into and exhausted by the fan system into the scaled enclosure structure.

[0011] As a further implementation method, the airtight door and window environment control device includes a sealing cover that can be opened on the outside of the door and window and the pressure regulating device. The external pressure regulation of the airtight door and window is achieved by adjusting the amount of air filled into and discharged from the sealing cover by the pressure regulating device.

[0012] As a further implementation method, the pressure regulating device includes a first fan system and a second fan system and provides different pressure differences. Both are connected in series with a variable frequency fan, a bypass regulating valve, a regulating valve and a flow meter; two flow meters of the first fan system are arranged in parallel, and there is only one flow meter of the first fan system.

[0013] As a further implementation method, it also includes a measuring device; the measuring device includes absolute pressure, temperature, humidity, air flow rate, and internal and external pressure difference sensors inside and outside the scaled enclosure structure and inside and outside the sealing cover, as well as a flow meter for measuring the gas flow filling and exhausting the scaled enclosure structure and the sealing cover.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a scaled test method for air tightness of an enclosure structure, comprising the following steps:

[0015] According to the design drawings, a scaled enclosure structure is manufactured, and the main structure and the typical leakage path are set in proportion according to the scaled scale; the material, thickness, structure, and construction process of the main structure are consistent with the actual project; the model, size, and installation process of the typical leakage path are consistent with the actual project; the environmental control system and the measuring device are set on the scaled enclosure structure to build a scaled enclosure structure air tightness test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;

[0016] Under the same test conditions, assuming that the leakage per unit size of a single leakage source is the same as that of the actual project, the leakage per unit size of the single leakage source is measured and obtained, and the total leakage is evaluated according to the actual size of the enclosure structure.

[0017] As a further implementation method, for leakage paths that are irregular or difficult to directly measure, the total amount subtraction method can be used, that is, first measure the leakage of the overall enclosure structure under the design conditions, then seal the target leakage path of the enclosure structure to be tested, and then measure the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed under the same design conditions. Finally, subtract the leakage of the overall enclosure structure that has not been sealed from the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed. The difference is the leakage of the target leakage path.

[0018] As a further implementation method, the flow supplement method or the pressure drop method can be used to ensure the overall air tightness of airtight doors, airtight windows, and scaled enclosure structures.

[0019] As a further implementation method, the method for measuring the leakage of the enclosure structure under strong wind conditions is: first move the sealing cover to the strong wind simulation area and then seal the interface, and then change the amount of air filled and exhausted into the sealing cover by the variable frequency fan to simulate the positive and negative pressure effects caused by strong winds, and then use the corresponding leakage measurement method to test the leakage of the enclosure structure.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The material, thickness, structure, and construction process of the main structure of the air tightness scale test device of the enclosure structure of the present invention are consistent with those of the actual project; the model, size, and installation process of typical leakage paths, such as airtight doors and windows, penetrations, etc., are consistent with those of the actual project. In addition, typical leakage paths, such as airtight doors and windows, penetrations, etc., are configured in proportion and are not scaled. Assuming that the leakage of the main structure is proportional to its area, the walls, floor plates, and roofs of the main structure are scaled in proportion. It is highly consistent with the actual project, thereby ensuring the consistency of the leakage data with the actual project, and the airtightness data is accurate and reliable, and can be used for actual engineering design calculations.

[0022] 2. The scaled test device of the present invention is built completely in scale or proportion to the actual project, and all leakage paths are included in the test device. At the same time, the construction process and installation process are consistent with the actual project. Therefore, the scaled test device for air tightness of the enclosure structure can cover all types of leakage paths in the actual project.

[0023] 3. The strong wind environment simulation device for the external enclosure structure provided by the present invention can realize the leakage measurement under strong wind conditions. The pressure of any part and component outside the enclosure structure can be simulated by first moving the strong wind simulation sealing cover to the strong wind simulation area and then sealing the interface, and then changing the amount of air filled and discharged into the strong wind simulation sealing cover by the variable frequency fan to simulate the positive and negative pressure effects caused by strong wind.

[0024] 4. The air tightness scale test device of the enclosure structure of the present invention can realize two direct leakage measurement methods: flow supplement method and pressure drop method. For the flow supplement method, the variable frequency fan can achieve stable design positive pressure and negative pressure conditions, the differential pressure transmitter can be used to monitor the stability of the pressure difference, and the flow meter can measure the transported gas flow rate. Under steady-state conditions, the gas flow rate read by the flow meter is the leakage. For the pressure drop method, the variable frequency fan can achieve stable initial design positive pressure and negative pressure conditions, and then close the regulating valve. By recording the reading of the pressure transmitter in real time, the leakage amount can be calculated by the speed of the pressure drop.

[0025] 5. The total amount subtraction leakage measurement method proposed in the present invention can realize the indirect measurement of the leakage of any leakage path. The total amount subtraction method first measures the leakage of the integral enclosure under the design working conditions, then seals the target leakage path of the enclosure structure to be tested, and then measures the leakage of the integral enclosure with the target leakage path sealed under the same design working conditions. Finally, the leakage of the integral enclosure without sealing treatment is subtracted from the leakage of the integral enclosure with the target leakage path sealed. The difference is the leakage of the target leakage path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scaled test device for air tightness of the enclosure structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the scaled testing method for air tightness of the enclosure structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a scaled test device for air tightness of a protective structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of measuring leakage of an airtight door in a scaled test device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of measuring leakage of the airtight window of the scaled test device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the leakage measurement principle of the scaled test device under strong wind conditions in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall subtraction leakage measurement method of the scaled test device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0035] Among them: 1. The first variable frequency fan; 2. The second variable frequency fan; 3. The first bypass regulating valve; 4. The second bypass regulating valve; 5. The first regulating valve; 6. The second regulating valve; 7. The three-way valve; 8. The first flow meter; 9. The second flow meter; 10. The third flow meter; 11. The first differential pressure transmitter; 12. The external absolute pressure sensor; 13. The external temperature and humidity sensor; 14. The internal absolute pressure sensor; 15. The internal temperature and humidity sensor; 16. The second differential pressure transmitter; 17. The third variable frequency fan; 18. The temperature regulating device; 19. The electrical penetration; 20. The ventilation penetration; 21. The airtight window; 22. The airtight window sealing cover; 23. The airtight door; 24. The airtight door sealing cover; 25. The strong wind simulation sealing cover; 26. The penetration to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] In this embodiment, a reactor hall with a concrete structure is selected. Since the reactor hall is the last barrier to prevent the leakage of radioactive gas, the enclosure structure of the reactor hall needs to meet strict airtightness requirements.

[0039] The airtight boundaries of the reactor hall enclosure structure include concrete walls, roofs, bottom surfaces, as well as airtight doors, airtight windows and penetrations.

[0040] The reactor hall enclosure structure needs to evaluate not only the leakage under positive and negative pressure conditions, but also the leakage under strong wind conditions. Under strong wind conditions, the pressure on the walls around the enclosure structure is unevenly distributed. Some walls are under positive pressure, and air will leak from the environment to the room. However, some walls are under negative pressure because they are in the power shadow area, and air will leak from the room to the outside.

[0041] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, a scaled test device for air tightness of a housing structure comprises a scaled housing structure, an environmental control system and a measuring device.

[0042] 1. The scaled enclosure structure includes the main structure scaled according to the proportion and the typical leakage path set in proportion. The main structure includes the scaled enclosure structure wall, floor, roof, and the typical leakage path includes the typical leakage path such as the proportional airtight doors and windows and penetrations.

[0043] 1. The material, thickness, structure and construction process of the main structure shall be consistent with the actual project; the model, size and installation process of typical leakage paths, such as airtight doors and windows, penetrations, etc., shall be consistent with the actual project, thereby ensuring the consistency of leakage data with the actual project.

[0044] 2. Typical leakage paths, such as airtight doors and windows, penetrations, etc., are configured in proportion and not scaled. Only one set of components of the same model or structure is selected. Assuming that the leakage of the main structure is proportional to its area, the walls, floor plates, and roofs of the main structure are scaled in proportion, thereby reducing the amount of work and cost.

[0045] It is highly consistent with the actual project, thereby ensuring the consistency of leakage data with the actual project. The airtightness data is accurate and reliable and can be used for actual engineering design calculations.

[0046] The scaled test device of this embodiment is built completely in scale or proportion to the actual project, all leakage paths are included in the test device, and the construction process and installation process are consistent with the actual project. Therefore, the scaled test device for air tightness of the enclosure structure can cover all types of leakage paths in the actual project.

[0047] Typical leakage paths are Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the typical leakage path is provided with an airtight door 23, an airtight window 21 and a penetration piece 26 to be tested.

[0048] (1) The airtight door 23 is the component to be tested. The airtight door sealing cover 24 can achieve sealing of the outside of the airtight door 23 to prevent gas from penetrating into the airtight door 23 from the outside. The airtight door sealing cover 24 is provided with two openings, one opening is used for filling and extracting gas and is sealed when not in use; the other opening is used for arranging the differential pressure transmitter test tube for airtight door differential pressure testing.

[0049] (2) The airtight window 21 is the component to be tested. The airtight window sealing cover 22 can achieve sealing of the outside of the airtight window 21 to prevent gas from penetrating into the airtight window 21 from the outside. The airtight window sealing cover 22 is provided with two openings, one opening is used for filling and extracting gas and is sealed when not in use; the other opening is used for arranging the differential pressure transmitter test tube for airtight window differential pressure testing.

[0050] (3) The penetration piece 26 to be tested is the component to be tested. The electrical penetration piece 19 is used for the electrical pipeline to pass from the outside of the scaled enclosure to the inside of it, and the inside of the penetration piece needs to be sealed. The ventilation penetration piece 20 is used for the gas pipeline to pass from the outside of the scaled enclosure to the inside of it, and the connection between the pipeline and the penetration piece is sealed.

[0051] 2. The environmental control system includes an internal environmental control device for the enclosure structure, an airtight door and window environmental control device, and an external strong wind environment simulation device for the enclosure structure.

[0052] 1. The internal environment control device of the scaled enclosure structure includes a pressure regulating device, a temperature regulating device 18, a control system and corresponding gas pipelines. The control system is used to control the pressure regulating device and the temperature regulating device, and can control the internal temperature and pressure of the scaled enclosure structure. The adjustment range covers all test conditions.

[0053] (1) The pressure regulating device is a fan system, which is achieved by changing the amount of air filled into and exhausted by the fan system into the scaled enclosure structure.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the pressure regulating device includes a first fan system and a second fan system. The two systems differ in that they can provide different pressure differences. The first fan system provides a small pressure difference, and the second fan system provides a large pressure difference.

[0055] The first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flow meter 8, and the second flow meter 9 are connected in series through the air duct to form a first fan system. Among them, the first variable frequency fan 1 is a small-capacity variable frequency fan, the first flow meter 8 and the second flow meter 9 are connected in parallel, and the gas flow path is controlled by the three-way valve 7. When testing a small leakage, the first flow meter 8 branch is opened, and the leakage test data is read through the first flow meter 8; when testing a medium leakage, the second flow meter 9 branch is opened, and the leakage test data is read through the second flow meter 9.

[0056] The second variable frequency fan 2, the second bypass regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 6, and the third flow meter 10 are connected in series through the air duct to form a second fan system. The second variable frequency fan 2 is a large-capacity variable frequency fan, and the outlets of the first fan system and the second fan system are combined and passed through the ventilation penetration 20 into the interior of the scaled enclosure structure to form a scaled enclosure structure internal pressure simulation system.

[0057] The first variable frequency fan 1 is used for forming a small positive pressure or a small negative pressure, and the second variable frequency fan 2 is used for forming a large positive pressure or a large negative pressure. By connecting the exhaust end and the suction end of the variable frequency fan, the conveying pipeline can realize the functions of inflating and exhausting air into the scaled enclosure structure, thereby realizing the positive pressure and negative pressure inside the scaled enclosure structure. The first regulating valve 5 and the second regulating valve 6 are used for the preliminary adjustment of the pressure difference, the first bypass regulating valve 3 and the second bypass regulating valve 4 are used for the fine adjustment of the pressure difference, and the frequency adjustment of the variable frequency fan is used for the precise adjustment of the pressure difference. The first flow meter 8, the second flow meter 9, and the third flow meter 10 are small, medium, and large range flow meters, respectively, and are used for gas flow measurement under different working conditions.

[0058] (2) The temperature adjustment device 18 is arranged inside the scaled enclosure structure, and includes a refrigeration air conditioner and an electric heater. The control system is realized by changing the compressor speed of the refrigeration air conditioner and the power of the electric heater.

[0059] 2. The airtight door and window environment control device includes an openable sealing cover outside the door and window (including an airtight window sealing cover 22 and an airtight door sealing cover 24), a pressure regulating device, a control system and corresponding gas pipelines.

[0060] The pressure regulating device used therein is the same as the internal environment control device of the scaled enclosure structure.

[0061] The airtight door and window environment control device can control the external pressure of the airtight door and window, and the adjustment range covers all test conditions. The external pressure of the airtight door and window is regulated by adjusting the amount of air charged into and discharged from the sealing cover by the pressure regulating device. The control system is responsible for the regulation of the fan system.

[0062] 3. The device for simulating strong wind environment outside the scaled enclosure structure includes a movable strong wind simulation sealing cover 25, a third variable frequency fan 17, a control system and a corresponding gas transmission pipeline. The device for simulating strong wind environment outside the scaled enclosure structure can be moved to any part of the enclosure structure, and then used to simulate the pressure effect of strong wind on different parts of the enclosure structure.

[0063] The third variable frequency fan 17 is used to simulate the positive and negative pressure effects caused by strong winds. The pressure of any part and component outside the scaled enclosure structure can be adjusted by first moving the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 to the strong wind simulation area and then sealing the interface, and then changing the amount of air filled and discharged by the third variable frequency fan 17 to the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25. The control system is responsible for the frequency adjustment of the third variable frequency fan 17.

[0064] 3. The measuring device includes sensors for absolute pressure, temperature, humidity, air flow rate, and internal and external pressure difference inside and outside the scaled enclosure and inside and outside the sealing cover, as well as a flow meter for measuring the flow of gas filling and exhausting the enclosure and the sealing cover, and also includes a real-time data acquisition and display system.

[0065] The environmental control system and the measuring device can realize leakage measurement by the supplementary flow method and the pressure drop method.

[0066] Specifically, the first differential pressure transmitter 11 is used to monitor the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the scaled enclosure. The second differential pressure transmitter 16 is used to monitor the strong wind pressure difference between the inside and outside of the simulated strong wind simulation sealing cover. The internal absolute pressure sensor 14 is used to monitor the absolute pressure inside the scaled enclosure, and the internal temperature and humidity sensor 15 is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the air of the scaled enclosure. The external absolute pressure transmitter 12 is used to monitor the absolute pressure outside the scaled enclosure, and the external temperature and humidity sensor 13 is used to monitor the temperature and humidity outside the air of the scaled enclosure.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a scaled test method for air tightness of a protective structure, which is performed using the scaled test device for air tightness of a protective structure described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0069] According to the design drawings, a scaled enclosure structure is manufactured, and the main structure and the typical leakage path are set in proportion according to the scaled scale; the material, thickness, structure, and construction process of the main structure are consistent with the actual project; the model, size, and installation process of the typical leakage path are consistent with the actual project; the environmental control system and the measuring device are set on the scaled enclosure structure to build a scaled enclosure structure air tightness test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6;

[0070] Under the same test conditions, assuming that the leakage per unit size of a single leakage source is the same as that of the actual project, the leakage per unit size of the single leakage source is measured and obtained, and the total leakage is evaluated according to the actual size of the enclosure structure.

[0071] Different testing methods are used for different leakage sources. Specifically:

[0072] 1. Specific test method of airtight door 23: test the leakage of airtight door 23 by flow supplement method. The test principle is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The following steps are included:

[0073] S101, close the airtight door 23, seal the airtight door sealing cover 24 outside the airtight door 23, do not seal the ventilation penetration piece 20 of the laboratory table, and open the airtight window 21 and the airtight window sealing cover 22 outside the airtight door 23;

[0074] S102, zeroing the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0075] S103, airtight door 23 pressure simulation: select appropriate pressure variable frequency fan and flowmeter. This embodiment selects small pressure difference simulation. When simulating positive pressure inside the airtight door 23 and negative pressure outside, connect the exhaust port of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, the second flowmeter 9 and the reserved ventilation port of the airtight door sealing cover 24; when simulating negative pressure inside the airtight door 23 and positive pressure outside, connect the air supply port of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, the second flowmeter 9 and the reserved ventilation port of the airtight door sealing cover 24; tighten the device connection with special rubber pads and screws, and seal with cloth-based tape to prevent gas leakage at the connection of each device;

[0076] S104, select a suitable first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tube to the first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tubes in the airtight door 23 and the airtight door sealing cover 24 to the H interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11, and connect the outdoor measuring tube to the L interface of the differential pressure transmitter;

[0077] S105, adjusting the opening of the first variable frequency fan 1 and the first bypass regulating valve 3 to stabilize the pressure in the airtight door 23 and the airtight door sealing cover 24 to the required pressure of the test;

[0078] S106. When the flow meter reading and the pressure reading tend to be stable, collect the flow value and the corresponding pressure, humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure and other parameters delivered to the airtight door 23 and the airtight door sealing cover 24 through the flow meter to obtain the leakage of the airtight door 23 under the corresponding pressure.

[0079] The flow replenishment method adopted in this embodiment, in which the variable frequency fan can achieve stable designed positive pressure and negative pressure conditions, the differential pressure transmitter can be used to monitor the stability of the pressure difference, and the flow meter can measure the transported gas flow rate. Under steady-state conditions, the gas flow rate read by the flow meter is the leakage amount.

[0080] 2. Specific testing method of the airtight window 21: testing the leakage of the airtight window 21 by flow supplementation method. The testing principle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0081] S201, close the airtight window 21, seal the airtight window sealing cover 22 outside the airtight window, do not seal the ventilation penetration piece of the laboratory table 20, and open the airtight door 23 and the outer airtight door sealing cover 24;

[0082] S202, zeroing the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0083] S203, airtight window pressure simulation: select appropriate pressure variable frequency fans and flowmeters. This embodiment selects small pressure difference simulation. When simulating positive pressure inside the airtight window 21 and negative pressure outside, connect the exhaust port of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, the second flowmeter 9 and the reserved ventilation port of the airtight window sealing cover 22; when simulating negative pressure inside the airtight window 21 and positive pressure outside, connect the air supply port of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, the second flowmeter 9 and the reserved ventilation port of the airtight window sealing cover 22; tighten the device connections with special rubber pads and screws, and seal them with cloth-based tape to prevent gas leakage at the connections of each device;

[0084] S204, select a suitable differential pressure transmitter, connect the pressure measuring tube to the first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tube in the airtight window 21 and the airtight window sealing cover 22 to the H interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11, and connect the outdoor measuring tube to the L interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0085] S205, adjusting the opening of the first variable frequency fan 1 and the first bypass regulating valve 3 to stabilize the pressure in the airtight window 21 and the airtight window sealing cover 22 to the required pressure of the test;

[0086] S206, when the flow meter reading and the pressure reading tend to be stable, collect the flow value and the corresponding pressure, humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure and other parameters transported through the flow meter into the airtight window 21 and the airtight window sealing cover 22 to obtain the leakage amount of the airtight window 21 under the corresponding pressure.

[0087] The flow replenishment method adopted in this embodiment, in which the variable frequency fan can achieve stable designed positive pressure and negative pressure conditions, the differential pressure transmitter can be used to monitor the stability of the pressure difference, and the flow meter can measure the transported gas flow rate. Under steady-state conditions, the gas flow rate read by the flow meter is the leakage amount.

[0088] 3. The specific test method for the overall air tightness of the scaled enclosure structure can be the flow supplement method or the pressure drop method. The following is an explanation using the flow supplement method as an example. The test principle is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0089] S301, open the airtight door sealing cover 24 outside the airtight door and the airtight window sealing cover 22 outside the airtight window, close the cover plate of the penetration piece 26 to be tested, and close the airtight door 23 and the airtight window 21;

[0090] S302, zeroing the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0091] S303, strong wind working condition pressure simulation: the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is fixed at the designated position, and the contact part between the cover body of the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 and the wall is sealed; when simulating the positive pressure working condition caused to the wall, the vent of the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is connected to the air supply port of the third variable frequency fan 17; when simulating the negative pressure working condition caused to the wall, the vent of the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is connected to the air exhaust port of the third variable frequency fan 17;

[0092] S304, concrete structure room pressure simulation: select appropriate pressure variable frequency fan and flow meter. This embodiment selects small pressure difference simulation. When simulating positive pressure in the room, connect the air outlet of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flow meter 8, and the second flow meter 9 to the ventilation hole 20 reserved for the concrete room; when simulating negative pressure in the room, connect the air outlet of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flow meter 8, and the second flow meter 9 to the ventilation hole 20 reserved for the concrete room; tighten the device connections with special rubber pads and screws, and seal them with cloth-based tape to prevent gas leakage at the connections of each device;

[0093] S305, select a suitable first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tube to the first differential pressure transmitter 11, the connecting line of the first differential pressure transmitter 11 passes through the wall through the electrical penetration 19, the pressure measuring tubes in the room and the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 are connected to the H interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11, and the outdoor measuring tube is connected to the L interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0094] S306, adjusting the frequency of the third variable frequency fan 17 to stabilize the strong wind simulation pressure to the pressure required by the test;

[0095] S307, adjusting the frequency of the first variable frequency fan 1 and the opening of the first bypass regulating valve 3 to stabilize the pressure of the room to the required pressure of the test;

[0096] S308. When the flow meter reading and the pressure reading tend to be stable, collect the flow value of the air flowing into / out of the room through the flow meter and the corresponding pressure, temperature and humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure and other parameters to obtain the overall leakage of the room under the corresponding pressure.

[0097] 4. Specific test methods for the sealing of penetrations to be tested 26, construction joints and building structures. For irregular leakage paths or those that are difficult to directly measure leakage, such as construction joints and penetrations, the total amount subtraction method can be used for measurement, that is, first measure the leakage of the overall enclosure structure under the design conditions, then seal the target leakage path of the enclosure structure to be tested, and then measure the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed under the same design conditions. Finally, subtract the leakage of the overall enclosure structure that has not been sealed from the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed. The difference is the leakage of the target leakage path. The test principle is as follows: Figure 7 The specific steps are as follows:

[0098] S401, close the airtight door 23, close the airtight window 21, open the airtight door sealing cover 24 outside the airtight door, and open the airtight window sealing cover 22 outside the airtight window;

[0099] S402, zeroing the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0100] S403, strong wind working condition pressure simulation: strong wind working condition pressure simulation: the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is fixed at the specified position, and the contact part between the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 and the wall is sealed; when simulating the positive pressure working condition caused to the wall, the vent of the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is connected to the air supply port of the third variable frequency fan 17; when simulating the negative pressure working condition caused to the wall, the vent of the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 is connected to the exhaust port of the third variable frequency fan 17;

[0101] S404, pressure simulation: select appropriate pressure variable frequency fans and flowmeters. This embodiment selects small pressure difference simulation. When simulating positive pressure in the room, connect the air outlet of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, and the second flowmeter 9 to the ventilation holes 20 reserved for the concrete room; when simulating negative pressure in the room, connect the air outlet of the first variable frequency fan 1, the first bypass regulating valve 3, the first regulating valve 5, the three-way valve 7, the first flowmeter 8, and the second flowmeter 9 to the ventilation holes 20 reserved for the concrete room; tighten the device connections with special rubber pads and screws, and seal them with cloth-based tape to prevent gas leakage at the connections of each device;

[0102] S405, select a suitable first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tube to the first differential pressure transmitter 11, connect the pressure measuring tubes in the room and the strong wind simulation sealing cover 25 to the H interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11, and connect the outdoor measuring tube to the L interface of the first differential pressure transmitter 11;

[0103] S406, adjusting the frequency of the third variable frequency fan 17 to stabilize the strong wind simulation pressure to the pressure required by the test;

[0104] S407, adjusting the opening of the first bypass regulating valve 3 to stabilize the pressure in the room to the required pressure of the test;

[0105] S408. When the flow meter reading and pressure reading tend to be stable, collect the flow value of the air flowing into / out of the room through the flow meter and the corresponding pressure, temperature and humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure and other parameters. Set the data collection time as needed to obtain the leakage amount Q1 under the corresponding pressure.

[0106] S409. On the basis of the test in step S408, close the airtight door sealing cover 24, measure according to steps S406 to S408, and obtain the leakage amount Q2 under the same corresponding pressure. Then the leakage amount of the airtight door is Qa=Q1-Q2.

[0107] S410. On the basis of the test in step S409, close the airtight sealing cover 22 and measure according to steps S406 to S408 to obtain a leakage amount Q3 under the same corresponding pressure. Then, the leakage amount of the airtight window is Qb=Q2-Q3.

[0108] S411. On the basis of the test in step S410, the construction joint is sealed and measured according to steps S406 to S408. The leakage amount under the same corresponding pressure is Q4, and the leakage amount of the construction joint is Qc=Q3-Q4.

[0109] S412. On the basis of the test in step S411, the penetration piece 26 is blocked, and the leakage amount under the same corresponding pressure is measured according to steps S406 to S408, and the leakage amount of the penetration piece is Q5. Then the leakage amount of the penetration piece is Qd=Q4-Q5.

[0110] S413. On the basis of the test in step S412, the top plate is blocked and measured according to steps S406 to S408. The leakage amount under the same corresponding pressure is Q6. Then the leakage amount of the top plate is Qe=Q5-Q6; the leakage amount of the wall is Qf=Q6.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scaled test device for air tightness of enclosure structure, characterized in that: include: Scaled enclosure structure, including the main structure in scale and typical leakage paths set in proportion; The material, thickness, structure and construction process of the main structure are consistent with those of the actual project; the equipment model, size and installation process of the typical leakage path are consistent with those of the actual project; The environmental control system comprises an internal environmental control device for a scaled enclosure structure and an environmental control device for airtight doors and windows. The internal environmental control device for the scaled enclosure structure can control the internal temperature and pressure of the scaled enclosure structure, and the environmental control device for airtight doors and windows can control the external pressure of airtight doors and windows.

2. A scaled test device for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental control system also includes a strong wind environment simulation device outside the enclosure structure, which includes a movable sealing cover and a variable frequency fan.

3. A scaled test device for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The internal environment control device of the scaled enclosure structure includes a pressure regulating device and a temperature regulating device; the pressure regulating device is a fan system, which fills and exhausts air into and out of the scaled enclosure structure through the fan system to achieve positive pressure and negative pressure inside the enclosure structure.

4. A scaled test device for air tightness of enclosure structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The airtight door and window environment control device comprises an openable sealing cover on the outside of the door and window and the pressure regulating device. The external pressure regulation of the airtight door and window is achieved by regulating the amount of air filled into and discharged from the sealing cover by the pressure regulating device.

5. A scaled test device for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure regulating device includes a first fan system and a second fan system and provides different pressure differences. Both are connected in series with a variable frequency fan, a bypass regulating valve, a regulating valve and a flow meter. Two flow meters of the first fan system are arranged in parallel, and there is only one flow meter of the second fan system.

6. A scaled test device for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a measuring device; the measuring device includes sensors for absolute pressure, temperature, humidity, air flow rate, and internal and external pressure difference inside and outside the scaled enclosure structure and inside and outside the sealing cover, as well as a flow meter for measuring the flow of gas filled into and discharged from the scaled enclosure structure and the sealing cover.

7. A scaled test method for air tightness of a building envelope, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the design drawings, a scaled enclosure structure is manufactured, and the main structure and the typical leakage path are set in proportion according to the scaled scale; the material, thickness, structure, and construction process of the main structure are consistent with the actual project; the model, size, and installation process of the typical leakage path are consistent with the actual project; the environmental control system and the measuring device are set on the scaled enclosure structure to build a scaled enclosure structure air tightness test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6; Under the same test conditions, assuming that the leakage per unit size of a single leakage source is the same as that of the actual project, the leakage per unit size of the single leakage source is measured and obtained, and the total leakage is evaluated according to the actual size of the enclosure structure.

8. A scaled test method for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 7, characterized in that: For leakage paths that are irregular or difficult to measure directly, the total amount subtraction method can be used. That is, first measure the leakage of the overall enclosure structure under the design conditions, then seal the target leakage path of the enclosure structure to be tested, and then measure the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed under the same design conditions. Finally, subtract the leakage of the overall enclosure structure that has not been sealed from the leakage of the overall enclosure with the target leakage path sealed. The difference is the leakage of the target leakage path.

9. A scaled test method for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow supplement method or pressure drop method can be used to ensure the overall air tightness of airtight doors, airtight windows and scaled enclosure structures.

10. A scaled test method for air tightness of a building envelope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for measuring the leakage of the enclosure structure under strong wind conditions is: first move the sealing cover to the strong wind simulation area and then seal the interface, and then simulate the positive and negative pressure effects caused by strong winds by changing the amount of air filled and exhausted into the sealing cover by the variable frequency fan, and then use the corresponding leakage measurement method to test the leakage of the enclosure structure.

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