A partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, device and medium

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of petroleum seismic exploration and relates to a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, equipment, and medium. The method of the present invention obtains a seismic shot data volume; partitions the seismic shot data volume, and determines the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data volume. The seismic shot data volume is denoised within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters until a denoised data volume that meets quality control requirements is obtained. By analyzing the multiple wave characteristics in the seismic data by region, the denoising parameters for optimizing the suppression of multiple waves in different regions are determined, and iterative quality control denoising is performed by region to achieve a more fidelity-preserving and amplitude-preserving denoising purpose. The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements in each partition are rearranged into a shot data volume. The present invention does not rely on a velocity model and can minimize damage to the effective signal through iterative quality control, thereby achieving a more fidelity-preserving and amplitude-preserving denoising purpose.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum seismic exploration and relates to a partitioned self-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] The success of multiple suppression in seismic data depends crucially on the accuracy of multiple prediction. In particular, interlayer multiples are difficult to distinguish from primaries in terms of frequency, velocity, and energy at close offsets. This can result in poor or even misleading imaging of specific geological structures, such as basement and fractures, on seismic sections. Therefore, effectively distinguishing between multiples and primaries is crucial for subsequent reservoir prediction and lithologic interpretation.

[0003] At present, conventional multiple wave suppression methods are mainly divided into two categories: model-driven and data-driven;

[0004] Model-driven methods mainly use the period of the multiple waves themselves and the separability of the multiple waves from the primary wave in different transform domains to attenuate the multiple waves. This method is easy to implement and has a small amount of calculation, but it requires a sufficiently accurate velocity model; otherwise, it is difficult to distinguish the range of the multiple waves from the effective wave.

[0005] Data-driven methods primarily predict multiples based on wave equations. Building on wave theory, which describes seismic wave propagation, they use models to predict multiples and then use adaptive subtraction to attenuate them from the data. While model-driven methods offer the advantage of being less dependent on velocity model constraints, they still suffer from issues like signal loss. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, system, equipment and medium. The present invention does not rely on the velocity model and can minimize the damage to the effective signal through iterative quality control, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of inter-layer multiple wave interference and realizing the purpose of denoising with higher fidelity and amplitude preservation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a partition-adaptive seismic multiple suppression method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0010] Partition the seismic shot gather data volume and determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0011] De-noise the seismic shot gather data volume by combining the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions until the denoised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained;

[0012] The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into shot gather data volumes.

[0013] In a second aspect, according to the method of the present invention, a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression system is proposed, comprising: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module;

[0014] Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0015] Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0016] Denoising module: It is used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume by combining the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements;

[0017] Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into shot gather data volumes.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising: a processor; a memory for storing computer program instructions; and steps for implementing a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method when executing the computer program.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium storing computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a processor, the processor executes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The method of the present invention obtains a seismic shot data volume; partitions the seismic shot data volume, determines the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data volume, and is used to achieve partition-adaptive multiple wave suppression for complex areas of various surface types. The seismic shot data volume is denoised within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters until a denoised data volume that meets quality control requirements is obtained. By analyzing the multiple wave characteristics in the seismic data by region, the denoising parameters for optimizing the suppression of multiple waves in different regions are determined, and iterative quality control denoising is performed by region to achieve a more fidelity-preserving and amplitude-preserving denoising purpose. The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into a shot data volume. The present invention does not rely on a velocity model, and can eliminate damage to the effective signal as much as possible through iterative quality control, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of multiple wave interference between layers, and achieving a more fidelity-preserving and amplitude-preserving denoising purpose.

[0022] The system of the present invention includes: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module, and a synthesis module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire a seismic shot gather data volume. The partitioning module is used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume and determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters for different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume. The denoising module is used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain a denoised data volume that meets the requirements. The synthesis module is used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements in each partition into a shot gather data volume. The various modules cooperate with each other and, through iterative quality control, minimize damage to the effective signal, achieving the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of interlayer multiple wave interference and realizing more fidelity and amplitude-preserving denoising.

[0023] The electronic device and storage medium of the present invention are also independent of the velocity model and can minimize damage to the effective signal through iterative quality control, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving suppression of inter-layer multiple wave interference and realizing a more fidelity-preserving denoising purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2a This is the principle diagram for free surface multiple wave prediction;

[0026] Figure 2b This is the principle diagram for predicting interlayer multiple waves;

[0027] Figure 3a It is the pre-stack trace map;

[0028] Figure 3b This is the result diagram of conventional multiple wave suppression;

[0029] Figure 3cThis is a diagram showing the multiple wave suppression results of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4a This is the gather and velocity spectrum before multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4b The gathers and velocity spectra after multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5a This is the gather and velocity spectrum before multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5b The gathers and velocity spectra after multiple wave suppression of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6a This is a superimposed cross-sectional view of the present invention before multiple wave suppression;

[0035] Figure 6b This is a superimposed cross-sectional view of the multiple waves after suppression according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a system module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0039] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0040] See also Figure 1The present invention discloses a partition-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0042] Seismic shot gather data require full energy consistency compensation.

[0043] Energy consistency compensation includes surface consistency compensation and energy balance.

[0044] S2. partitioning the seismic shot gather data volume, and determining the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters for different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0045] The partitioning of seismic shot gather data is as follows:

[0046] Seismic shot gather data volumes are partitioned according to surface features.

[0047] S3. De-noise the seismic shot gather data volume using the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions until a denoised data volume that meets quality control requirements is obtained;

[0048] The process of obtaining a denoised data volume that meets quality control requirements is as follows:

[0049] After denoising the seismic shot gather data volume, a denoised data volume quality control data volume is obtained. The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals until there is no effective signal in the denoised quality control data volume, and a denoised data volume that meets the requirements is obtained.

[0050] The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals. If effective signals exist, the optimal denoising parameters need to be re-determined and the seismic shot gather data volume needs to be denoised.

[0051] The quality control data body includes shot gather data before and after denoising and with noise, and superimposed profile data before and after denoising and with noise.

[0052] S4. Rearrange the denoised data volumes of each partition that meet the quality control requirements into shot gather data volumes.

[0053] See also Figure 1In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, the following is adaptively modified as needed. A seismic shot gather data volume is acquired; the seismic shot gather data volume is partitioned, and the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters for different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume are determined, thereby achieving zone-adaptive multiple wave suppression for complex areas with various surface types. The seismic shot gather data volume is denoised within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions using the corresponding optimal denoising parameters until a denoised data volume that meets quality control requirements is obtained. Multiple wave characteristics in the seismic data are analyzed regionally to determine optimized denoising parameters for multiple wave suppression in different regions. Denoising is then performed regionally through iterative quality control, achieving more fidelity and amplitude-preserving denoising. The denoised data volumes that meet quality control requirements in each partition are rearranged into a shot gather data volume. This invention is independent of velocity models and can minimize damage to valid signals through iterative quality control. It can effectively improve the imaging signal-to-noise ratio of seismic profiles in onshore areas with high multiple wave development while achieving fidelity and amplitude-preserving denoising, ultimately achieving amplitude-preserving suppression of interlayer multiple interference and achieving more fidelity and amplitude-preserving denoising.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] See also Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for adaptively suppressing seismic multiple waves by partitioning provided by the present invention.

[0056] In step 1, the seismic shot gather data volume before multiple suppression is first input. To reduce the risk of signal loss during the subsequent denoising process due to energy inconsistency, all energy consistency compensation, including surface consistency compensation and energy equalization, must be performed on the seismic shot gather data volume before denoising. The process then proceeds to step 2.

[0057] In step 2, based on the energy-compensated seismic shot data volume, the multiple wave development characteristic ranges of shot data from different regions and sources are analyzed and determined. Targeted and optimized multiple wave suppression is then performed within these characteristic ranges. This not only saves machine time costs but also more efficiently achieves fidelity-preserving and amplitude-preserving denoising, as shown in Figure 2. The process then proceeds to step 3.

[0058] In step 3, the optimal denoising parameters are determined for different regions and denoising is performed. This yields the corresponding denoised data volume and quality control data volume. The quality control data volume includes shot gather data before and after denoising, as well as noise, and stacked profile data before and after denoising, as well as noise. The process then proceeds to step 4.

[0059] In step 4, quality control analysis is performed on the denoised quality control data volume, with particular attention paid to extracting valid signals from noisy single-shot data and noise stacked sections. If valid signals are present, the process returns to step 2, re-determines the optimal denoising parameters, and denoises the entire shot-gather data volume. This involves re-optimizing the denoising method until no valid signals are present in the noise. The process then proceeds to step 5.

[0060] In step 5, the denoised data volume is rearranged into shot gather data output.

[0061] For comparative analysis of the gathers, velocity spectra, and stacked profiles before and after multiple wave suppression, see Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 3c 、 Figure 4a 、 Figure 4b 、 Figure 5a 、 Figure 5b 、 Figure 6a and Figure 6b By comparison, it can be seen that, firstly, the multiple wave suppression method proposed this time focuses on the participating multiple waves that are difficult to eliminate by conventional multiple wave removal methods at near offset distances in the medium and deep layers, which will still affect the quality of the stacked section. However, the multiple wave suppression method proposed this time can attenuate the multiple waves very well at near offset distances, which verifies the effectiveness of this method; secondly, from the typical gathers and velocity spectra in different areas of the work area, the multiple wave suppression method proposed in the present invention can eliminate the influence of the velocity cluster of the deep, often low-speed multiple waves very well. Finally, on the stacked section, it can be seen that the imaging illusions caused by the multiple waves on the section of the typical deep multiple waves are well eliminated by the multiple wave suppression method proposed in the present invention, which once again verifies the effectiveness and practicality of this method.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] The method proposed in this paper determines the multiple wave characteristic ranges in different areas according to the complexity of the work area. According to Jakubowicz's theory, Figure 2a is the prediction process of free surface multiple waves, Figure 2b Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the interlayer multiple prediction process. Compared to the free-surface multiple prediction process, which decomposes the wavefield SR into the convolution sum of the two wavefields S'R and SR', the interlayer multiple propagation process can be decomposed into three parts: the combination of S'R and SR' minus the effect of S'R'.

[0064] The analog feedback iteration method for suppressing free-surface multiple waves is derived by convolving the full-wavelength reflection of the ground record containing the primary wave and multiple waves with the primary wave, and correlating it with the corresponding primary wave to obtain the predicted expression of the inter-layer multiple waves related to the Kth layer. This will not be repeated here.

[0065] See also Figure 1 The specific implementation process of the present invention includes the following main steps:

[0066] S1. Input the seismic shot gather data volume before multiple wave suppression;

[0067] S2. Analyze the multiple wave characteristics of typical shot gathers in different areas to determine the range of multiple wave characteristics in different areas;

[0068] S3. Within the multiple wave characteristic range determined by the analysis in step 2, determine the corresponding optimal denoising parameters for the data volumes in different regions according to the proposed multiple wave suppression method and perform denoising, thereby obtaining the corresponding denoised data volumes and quality control data volumes;

[0069] Perform effective signal analysis on the current denoised quality control data volume. If the signal is not satisfied, return to step 2 and re-determine and optimize the optimal denoising parameters until the denoised data volume meets the signal-to-noise ratio requirement, and then proceed to the next step;

[0070] S4. Rearrange the denoised data volumes after multiple wave suppression in each area into a shot gather data volume for output.

[0071] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method suitable for complex areas with various land surface types. The method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the imaging signal-to-noise ratio quality of seismic profiles in areas with developed multiple waves on land, while achieving the purpose of fidelity and amplitude preservation denoising.

[0072] See also Figure 7 ,Based on the above method, the present invention proposes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave ,suppression system, including: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module, and a ,synthesis module;

[0073] Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume;

[0074] Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume;

[0075] Denoising module: It is used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume by combining the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements;

[0076] Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into shot gather data volumes.

[0077] See also Figure 7In another feasible embodiment of the present invention, the following is adaptively modified according to the circumstances. It includes: a data acquisition module, a partitioning module, a denoising module and a synthesis module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the seismic shot data body. The partitioning module is used to partition the seismic shot data body, determine the multiple wave characteristic ranges and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot data body. The denoising module is used to denoise the seismic shot data body within the multiple wave characteristic ranges of different partitions in combination with the corresponding optimal denoising parameters to obtain a denoised data body that meets the requirements. The synthesis module is used to rearrange the denoised data bodies that meet the requirements of each partition into a shot data body. The various modules cooperate with each other to eliminate the damage to the effective signal as much as possible through iterative quality control, so as to achieve the ultimate goal of amplitude-preserving and suppressing the interference of multiple waves between layers, and realize the purpose of denoising with higher fidelity and amplitude preservation.

[0078] An electronic device comprises: a processor; a memory for storing computer program instructions; and a method for implementing a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method when executing the computer program.

[0079] A storage medium stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a processor, the processor executes a partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method.

[0080] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A partition-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain seismic shot gather data volume; The seismic shot gather data volume is partitioned according to the surface characteristics, and the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume are determined; De-noise the seismic shot gather data volume by combining the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions until the denoised data volume that meets the quality control requirements is obtained; The denoised data volumes that meet the quality control requirements of each partition are rearranged into shot gather data volumes.

2. The method for adaptive seismic multiple suppression according to claim 1, wherein: The seismic shot gather data needs to be fully energy consistent.

3. The method for adaptive seismic multiple suppression according to claim 2, wherein: The energy consistency compensation includes surface consistency compensation and energy balance.

4. The method for adaptively suppressing seismic multiple waves by a given zone according to claim 1, wherein: The process of obtaining the denoised data body that meets the quality control requirements is as follows: After denoising the seismic shot gather data volume, a denoised data volume quality control data volume is obtained. The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals until there is no effective signal in the denoised quality control data volume, and a denoised data volume that meets the requirements is obtained.

5. The method for adaptively suppressing seismic multiple waves by a given zone as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The quality control data volume needs to be analyzed for effective signals. If effective signals exist, it is necessary to re-determine the optimal denoising parameters and perform denoising on the seismic shot gather data volume.

6. The method for adaptively suppressing seismic multiple waves by a given zone as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The quality control data body includes shot gather data before and after denoising and noise, and superimposed profile data before and after denoising and noise.

7. A zone-adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression system, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, partitioning module, denoising module and synthesis module; Data acquisition module: used to obtain seismic shot gather data volume; Partitioning module: used to partition the seismic shot gather data volume according to surface characteristics, determine the multiple wave characteristic range and corresponding optimal denoising parameters of different partitions of the seismic shot gather data volume; Denoising module: It is used to denoise the seismic shot gather data volume by combining the corresponding optimal denoising parameters within the multiple wave characteristic range of different partitions to obtain the denoised data volume that meets the requirements; Synthesis module: used to rearrange the denoised data volumes that meet the requirements of each partition into shot gather data volumes.

8. An electronic device comprising: processor; A memory for storing computer program instructions; characterized in that it is used to implement the steps of the partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.

9. A storage medium storing computer program instructions, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed by a processor, the processor executes the partitioned adaptive seismic multiple wave suppression method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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