Transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation, and relates to the technical field of power transformer simulation calculation. Through the innovative modeling technology and optimization algorithm, the modeling efficiency can be improved on the premise of ensuring the model precision, reliable technical support is provided for design and simulation of the transformer winding, and the method is not only suitable for research and development and design links of a novel transformer, but also suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the method can also be applied to performance evaluation and fault analysis scenes of the existing transformer, so that the operation reliability and safety of a power system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power transformer simulation calculation, and in particular to a transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, transformers have played a vital role in power systems, and their performance is directly related to the stability and safety of power systems. As the core component of the transformer, the structural design and performance of the transformer winding have an important impact on the overall performance of the transformer. In practical applications, the three-dimensional structure of the transformer winding is complex, involving multiple conductors, insulation materials, and cooling channels, which makes the establishment of its physical model and simulation calculation extremely complicated. Traditional transformer winding design methods mainly rely on experience and simplified two-dimensional analysis, which is difficult to accurately reflect the actual working state and stress distribution of the winding.

[0003] The introduction of finite element simulation technology provides a new idea for solving this problem. Finite element simulation can analyze the distribution of electromagnetic field, temperature field and stress field of transformer windings under different working conditions in detail through numerical calculation, thus providing a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of windings. However, due to the structural complexity of transformer windings, how to construct an accurate and effective three-dimensional model has become one of the key problems in the application of finite element simulation.

[0004] Therefore, a new solution to the above problems needs to be proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation, aiming to solve the problems of complex transformer winding structure, difficult modeling, and insufficient simulation accuracy, so as to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation, comprising at least the following steps:

[0007] S1: Winding structure data collection: by measuring and analyzing the actual structure of the transformer winding, the geometric parameters of each winding are determined, and the winding model construction plan is formed in combination with the actual winding form of the winding;

[0008] S2: Determine the conductor cross-section model, choose whether to simplify the conductor according to the actual calculation requirements, and determine the simplification method;

[0009] S3: The winding path of the winding conductor is determined, and the winding direction and winding sequence are marked by numbering the two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the winding conductor;

[0010] S4: Three-dimensional modeling of windings. Use simplified parameters to build a three-dimensional model of the windings to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the shape and size of the actual windings.

[0011] Furthermore, the geometric parameters in S1 include at least the length, diameter, number of layers, number of turns and thickness of the insulating material of the winding;

[0012] The actual winding forms in S1 include at least spiral, tangled and intertwined winding structures.

[0013] Furthermore, the S3 at least includes the following steps:

[0014] In polar coordinates, combined with the conductor connection number cross-section diagram, based on the Archimedean equidistant spiral formula ρ(θ)=ρ0+bθ, the winding conductor segment is deconstructed, the winding conductor segment path is deconstructed, and the conductor winding path is drawn according to the actual winding situation of the winding conductor path;

[0015] By adjusting the polar angle θ and the polar diameter ρ0 in the Archimedean equidistant spiral formula, the starting point of each conductor path and the conductor transposition connection point can be determined;

[0016] The Archimedean spiral coefficient is adjusted to control the path-related parameters.

[0017] Further, the three-dimensional model in S4 at least includes the specific shape and position of each layer and each turn of the winding and the arrangement of the insulation materials and cooling channels between different layers;

[0018] It is used to arrange the conductor structure in coordination with the winding path by determining the number and distribution of winding layers, as well as the specific shape and size of the cross-section of the conductor of each winding layer.

[0019] Furthermore, after establishing the three-dimensional model of the winding, the conductor and insulation layer parts in the winding model are meshed, and the finite element method is used to calculate the electric field distribution in the three-dimensional model. The electric field strength distribution in the winding conductor cross-section, inter-turn and inter-layer oil channels is obtained respectively. Based on the analysis and calculation results, the influence of different insulation thicknesses and oil channel widths on the electric field distribution is evaluated.

[0020] Furthermore, the simplified method in S2 at least includes:

[0021] Merge the multi-conductor winding structure into a rectangular cross section, retain the key structure and reduce the complexity of the model;

[0022] Under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the calculation problem, multiple parallel conductors are simplified into one equivalent conductor, and the thickness of the thin-layer insulation material is simplified to reduce the number of grids and the calculation complexity;

[0023] According to the requirements of simulation accuracy in different areas, adaptive meshing technology can be used to mesh the three-dimensional model. Finer meshes can be used for key parts to improve simulation accuracy, and coarser meshes can be used for relatively minor areas to reduce the amount of calculation.

[0024] Further, the three-dimensional model in S4 includes defining the physical properties of different materials;

[0025] The physical properties of the different materials are defined to include at least the electrical conductivity, density, specific heat capacity and mechanical property parameters of the conductor material (such as copper or aluminum), and the electrical insulation performance, thermal conductivity and mechanical property parameters of the insulating material.

[0026] Furthermore, the three-dimensional model in S4 needs to set the boundary conditions and excitation conditions of the simulation according to the actual working environment and operating conditions of the target object;

[0027] The boundary conditions and excitation conditions of the simulation are set to include at least boundary conditions of electromagnetic field simulation, boundary conditions of thermal field simulation and boundary conditions of stress field simulation;

[0028] The boundary conditions of the electromagnetic field simulation include at least voltage, current and magnetic field distribution;

[0029] The boundary conditions of the thermal field simulation include at least the ambient temperature, the cooling medium temperature and the heat transfer coefficient;

[0030] The boundary conditions of the stress field simulation include at least the mechanical stress and displacement boundary conditions to which the winding is subjected.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention can improve modeling efficiency while ensuring model accuracy through innovative modeling technology and optimization algorithm, and construct a more accurate three-dimensional winding model, providing a solid foundation for finite element simulation of transformer windings. By simulating and analyzing the electromagnetic field, temperature field and stress field of the model, detailed performance data of the winding under different working conditions can be obtained, thereby providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the design, optimization and simulation of the winding;

[0033] 2. The method of the present invention is not only applicable to the research and development and design of new transformers, but can also effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of transformer winding simulation. It is suitable for the research and development and design of new transformers and the performance evaluation and fault analysis of existing transformers, thereby improving the operating reliability and safety of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a simulation calculation flow chart of the transformer winding model of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 The winding cross-section parameter determination and simplified schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the winding connection sequence numbering of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of winding path planning based on the deconstruction of the Archimedean spiral equation according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the overall winding model of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the grid division of the winding conductor and the insulation layer of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the electric field simulation calculation of the winding of the present invention - the electric field calculation result;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the inter-turn insulation electric field of the winding along the winding path of the winding of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution results of the interlayer (oil channel) insulation of the winding along the winding path of the winding of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a screenshot of the temperature rise simulation of the winding model of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] The present invention proposes a transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation. Through innovative modeling technology and optimization algorithm, the modeling efficiency can be improved while ensuring the accuracy of the model, providing reliable technical support for the design and simulation of transformer windings. This method is not only suitable for the research and development and design of new transformers, but can also be applied to the performance evaluation and fault analysis scenarios of existing transformers, thereby improving the operating reliability and safety of the power system.

[0047] The concept of the present invention is:

[0048] According to the modeling target transformer winding structure, determine the geometric parameters of each winding, including the length, diameter, number of layers, number of turns, and thickness of the insulating material; determine the actual winding form of the winding, including but not limited to spiral, tangled, or interlaced winding structures. Use the Archimedean spiral equation to deconstruct the winding path, and modulate the winding starting path and turn spacing through the equation parameters. Determine the conductor cross section and scan along the winding path to obtain the main structure of the winding conductor, and arrange the transposition wires through the reserved transposition points to finally achieve the connection of the conductor path. After arranging the inter-turn insulation and inter-layer insulation, the structural model of the target object winding is obtained, and the required simulation calculations are carried out based on the obtained winding model.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] This embodiment is used to disclose a method for establishing a three-dimensional model by detecting and simplifying the size parameters of the actual transformer winding, and calculating the electric field distribution under AC withstand voltage conditions. The specific steps are as follows:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the actual size parameters of the transformer winding are obtained, including the geometric dimensions of the conductor, insulation thickness and oil channel width.

[0052] The conductor is simplified and the thin insulation layer is merged into a rectangular cross section to reduce the complexity of the model.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the winding direction and winding sequence are marked by numbering the two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the winding conductor.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, combined with the conductor connection number cross-sectional diagram, the Archimedean spiral equation is used to deconstruct the winding conductor segment, deconstruct the winding conductor segment path, and leave the connection end. The current guide flows in the order of A→B→C→D→E→F→G→H.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, a three-dimensional model of the winding is established, including the spiral shape of the conductor and the transposed conductor part to form the overall structure of the winding.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the conductor and insulation layer parts in the winding model are meshed.

[0057] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown in the figure, the finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate the electric field distribution in the three-dimensional model, and the electric field intensity distribution in the winding conductor cross section, between turns and between layers of the oil channel is obtained. The calculation results are analyzed to evaluate the influence of different insulation thickness and oil channel width on the electric field distribution.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] This embodiment further designs the corresponding thermal field simulation calculation based on the method disclosed in the above embodiment 1;

[0060] In thermal field simulation calculations, the three-dimensional winding geometry modeling method can be used to analyze the temperature distribution of the transformer winding during operation, thereby evaluating its heat dissipation performance.

[0061] Using steps similar to those in Example 1, a three-dimensional model of the winding is constructed, focusing on describing the specific structures of the conductor layer, insulation layer and cooling channel, and performing mesh generation, such as Figures 1 to 5 shown.

[0062] Material property definition: Set the thermal physical parameters such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and density of conductors and insulation materials.

[0063] Boundary condition setting: Set the boundary conditions such as the power loss distribution of the winding and the ambient temperature and cooling medium temperature.

[0064] Simulation calculation: Use finite element analysis software to perform thermal field simulation calculation to obtain the temperature distribution of each part of the winding.

[0065] like Fig.10 As shown, result analysis: Based on the simulation results, the heat dissipation performance of the winding is analyzed, possible overheating areas are identified, and the winding structure and cooling design are optimized to reduce potential factors affecting winding overheating.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation, characterized in that: At least the following steps are included: S1: Winding structure data collection: by measuring and analyzing the actual structure of the transformer winding, the geometric parameters of each winding are determined, and the winding model construction plan is formed in combination with the actual winding form of the winding; S2: Determine the conductor cross-section model, choose whether to simplify the conductor according to the actual calculation requirements, and determine the simplification method; S3: The winding path of the winding conductor is determined, and the winding direction and winding sequence are marked by numbering the two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the winding conductor; S4: Three-dimensional modeling of windings. Use simplified parameters to build a three-dimensional model of the windings to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the shape and size of the actual windings.

2. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometric parameters in S1 include at least the length, diameter, number of layers, number of turns and thickness of the insulating material of the winding; The actual winding forms in S1 include at least spiral, tangled and intertwined winding structures.

3. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 at least includes the following steps: In polar coordinates, combined with the conductor connection number cross-section diagram, based on the Archimedean equidistant spiral formula ρ(θ)=ρ0+bθ, the winding conductor segment is deconstructed, the winding conductor segment path is deconstructed, and the conductor winding path is drawn according to the actual winding situation of the winding conductor path; By adjusting the polar angle θ and the polar diameter ρ0 in the Archimedean equidistant spiral formula, the starting point of each conductor path and the conductor transposition connection point can be determined; The Archimedean spiral coefficient is adjusted to control the path-related parameters.

4. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional model in S4 at least includes the specific shape and position of each layer and each turn of the winding and the arrangement of insulation materials and cooling channels between different layers; It is used to arrange the conductor structure in coordination with the winding path by determining the number and distribution of winding layers, as well as the specific shape and size of the cross-section of the conductor of each winding layer.

5. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: After establishing the three-dimensional model of the winding, the conductor and insulation layer parts in the winding model are meshed, and the finite element method is used to calculate the electric field distribution in the three-dimensional model. The electric field strength distribution in the winding conductor cross-section, inter-turn and inter-layer oil channels is obtained respectively. Based on the analysis and calculation results, the influence of different insulation thickness and oil channel width on the electric field distribution is evaluated.

6. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simplified method in S2 at least includes: Merge the multi-conductor winding structure into a rectangular cross section, retain the key structure and reduce the complexity of the model; Under the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the calculation problem, multiple parallel conductors are simplified into one equivalent conductor, and the thickness of the thin-layer insulation material is simplified to reduce the number of grids and the calculation complexity; According to the requirements of simulation accuracy in different areas, adaptive meshing technology can be used to mesh the three-dimensional model. Finer meshes can be used for key parts to improve simulation accuracy, and coarser meshes can be used for relatively minor areas to reduce the amount of calculation.

7. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional model in S4 includes defining the physical properties of different materials; The physical properties of the different materials are defined to include at least the electrical conductivity, density, specific heat capacity and mechanical property parameters of the conductor material, and the electrical insulation performance, thermal conductivity and mechanical property parameters of the insulating material.

8. The transformer three-dimensional winding structure modeling method suitable for finite element simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional model in S4 needs to set the boundary conditions and excitation conditions of the simulation according to the actual working environment and operating conditions of the target object; The boundary conditions and excitation conditions of the simulation are set to include at least boundary conditions of electromagnetic field simulation, boundary conditions of thermal field simulation and boundary conditions of stress field simulation; The boundary conditions of the electromagnetic field simulation include at least voltage, current and magnetic field distribution; The boundary conditions of the thermal field simulation include at least the ambient temperature, the cooling medium temperature and the heat transfer coefficient; The boundary conditions of the stress field simulation include at least the mechanical stress and displacement boundary conditions to which the winding is subjected.

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