Impedance device and system for simulating vibration influence of head on vibration unit

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an impedance device and a system for simulating the vibration influence of a head on a vibration unit, the impedance device can comprise a mass part, an elastic part and a fixing part, the mass part is connected to the fixing part through the elastic part, the fixing part is a structure body with a hollow interior, the fixing structure comprises an opening, and the opening is communicated with the elastic part. The mass part is provided with an opening, the elastic part is located at the opening and connected with the fixed part, the elastic part and the fixed part form a cavity, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic part in the vibration direction of the mass part relative to the fixed part ranges from 600N / m to 5000N / m.

Description

Impedance device and system for simulating the influence of head on vibration unit vibration

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority to international application No. PCT / CN2021 / 141078 filed on December 24, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of vibration simulation, and in particular to an impedance device and a system for simulating the influence of a head on the vibration of a vibration unit. Background Art

[0004] The vibration unit can generate a vibration signal to transmit the vibration signal to the human head (for example, the head bones). In order to simulate the influence of the human head on the vibration of the vibration unit, so as to understand the vibration characteristics of the vibration unit, it is usually necessary to couple the vibration unit with a device that simulates the structure of the human head. In some application scenarios, when the vibration unit is used as a bone conduction headset or hearing aid, the vibration unit fits the facial area in front of the user's auricle, and the bone hardness of this area in the human head is relatively soft compared to the skull, mastoid bone, etc., that is, the mechanical impedance of the facial area in front of the user's auricle is significantly different from the mechanical impedance of other parts of the human head. The current device for simulating the human head usually simulates the mechanical impedance of the mastoid behind the user's ear, which obviously cannot meet the simulation scenario of the vibration unit fitting the facial area in front of the human auricle.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a system for simulating the impedance device of the facial area in front of the human auricle and its influence on the vibration of a single vibration.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the embodiments of this specification provides an impedance device, including: a mass part, an elastic part and a fixed part, wherein the mass part is connected to the fixed part through the elastic part, wherein the fixed part is a structure with a hollow interior, the fixed part includes an opening, the elastic part is located at the opening and is connected to the fixed part, and the elastic part and the fixed part form a cavity, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic part in the direction in which the mass part vibrates relative to the fixed part is in the range of 600N / m to 5000N / m.

[0008] One of the embodiments of this specification also provides a system for simulating the influence of the head on the vibration of a vibration unit, comprising: a vibration unit, configured to provide a vibration signal; an impedance device, the impedance device contacts the vibration unit and provides mechanical impedance for the vibration unit; a connector, configured to couple the vibration unit with the impedance device; and a sensor, configured to collect parameter information of the vibration unit during the vibration process, wherein the impedance device comprises a mass part, an elastic part and a fixed part, the mass part is connected to the fixed part through the elastic part, the fixed part is a structure with a hollow interior, the fixed part comprises an opening, the elastic part is located at the opening and is connected to the fixed part, and the elastic part and the fixed part form a cavity, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic part in the direction in which the mass part vibrates relative to the fixed part is in the range of 600N / m to 5000N / m. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] FIG1 is a block diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0010] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0011] FIG3A is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0012] FIG3B is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to yet other embodiments of this specification;

[0013] FIG3C is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to other embodiments of this specification;

[0014] FIG3D is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to other embodiments of this specification;

[0015] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0016] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0017] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0018] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0019] FIG8 is a frequency response curve diagram of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] FIG9 is an exemplary framework diagram of a system for simulating the influence of a head on vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0021] FIG10 is a diagram showing the position of a head coupling region simulated by an impedance device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0022] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for simulating the effect of a head on vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0023] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for simulating the influence of a head on vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, other terms may be used to replace a term if they achieve the same purpose.

[0026] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0027] The embodiments of this specification describe an impedance device. In some embodiments, the impedance device may include a mass portion, an elastic portion, and a fixed portion, wherein the mass portion is connected to the fixed portion via the elastic portion. In some embodiments, the fixed portion is a hollow structure, the fixed portion includes an opening, the elastic portion is located at the opening and connected to the fixed portion, and the elastic portion and the fixed portion form a cavity. In addition, the mass portion is connected to the elastic portion, and under the action of an external force, the mass portion can vibrate relative to the fixed portion. In order to enable the impedance device to more accurately simulate the front area of ​​the human auricle, in some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion in the direction of vibration of the mass portion relative to the fixed portion is in the range of 600N / m to 5000N / m. In some embodiments, the vibration of the mass portion relative to the fixed portion has a resonance peak in the frequency range of 20Hz to 300Hz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the mass of the mass portion and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion, the frequency response curve of the vibration unit (for example, a bone conduction speaker, a hearing aid, etc.) when coupled with the mass portion of the impedance device can be approximately consistent with the frequency response curve of the vibration unit when worn near the human auricle area (for example, the facial area in front of the auricle), and the impedance device can be used to simulate the influence of the vibrating unit near the auricle area. In some embodiments, the impedance device may further include a damping structure, which may provide damping for the impedance device. The damping of the damping structure may be adjusted to simulate the actual impedance fed back to the vibration unit near the tragus area during actual use, so that the frequency response curve when the vibration unit is coupled with the impedance device is consistent or approximately consistent with the frequency response curve of the vibration unit worn near the tragus area of ​​the human body.

[0028] FIG1 is a block diagram of an impedance device according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG1 , in some embodiments, the impedance device 100 may include a mass portion 101, an elastic portion 102, and a fixed portion 103. The mass portion 101 is connected to the fixed portion 103 via the elastic portion 102, and the mass portion 101 can vibrate relative to the fixed portion 103. In some embodiments, the mass portion 101 can be physically connected to the fixed portion 103 via the elastic portion 102. The physical connection described in this specification may include welding, snap-on, gluing, or one-piece molding, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, when the mass portion 101 is in contact with or coupled to an external vibration unit (e.g., a bone conduction headset, an air conduction headset, a hearing aid, etc.), the mass portion 101 receives the vibration of the vibration unit and moves relative to the fixed portion 103. In some embodiments, the mass portion 101 can be in direct contact with or coupled to the vibration unit, and the vibration unit directly pushes the mass portion 101 to move when it generates vibration. In some embodiments, the mass portion 101 may be in contact with or coupled to the vibration unit through other structures or components (eg, a protective film, etc.), and the mass portion 101 moves by receiving the vibration of the vibration unit.

[0029] The mass portion 101 refers to an object with a certain weight. In the impedance device 100, the mass portion 101 can be used to characterize the mass load fed back to the vibration unit near the tragus area of ​​the head (for example, the facial area in front of the auricle), and the mass portion 101 is also called the inertia portion. When the vibration unit is connected to the mass portion 101, the vibration unit pushes the mass portion 101 to move together during the vibration process. At this time, the mass portion 101 and the vibration unit maintain the same phase and have the same or approximately the same vibration acceleration. In some embodiments, the shape of the mass portion 101 may include but is not limited to regular structures or irregular structures such as cylinders, cuboids, cones, truncated cones, and spheres. In some embodiments, the material of the mass portion 101 may include but is not limited to any material such as plastic, silicone, wood, metal, and foam.

[0030] The elastic portion 102 is used to provide a certain degree of elasticity for the movement of the mass portion 101. The magnitude of the elastic force of the elastic portion 102 is proportional to the displacement or amplitude of the movement of the mass portion 101. For example, during the movement of the mass portion, the elastic portion 102 deforms, and the elastic force of the elastic portion 102 is related to the deformation of the elastic portion 102. The greater the deformation, the greater the elastic force provided by the elastic portion 102. The elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 can be used to represent the equivalent elastic coefficient near the tragus region of the human head. In some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 can be adjusted to be approximately equal to the equivalent elastic coefficient near the tragus region of the human head (the facial area in front of the auricle). In some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 can be adjusted based on the hardness of the human head near the tragus region, the age of the wearer, the pressure when the vibration unit is worn, and the cell type at that location. The specific reason is as follows: different parts of the human head have different hardnesses, and the equivalent elastic coefficients of different parts of the human head are also different. For example, the forehead and the mastoid process behind the ear are relatively hard, and their equivalent elastic coefficients are relatively large. For another example, the temporal bone in front of the ear of the human head (i.e., near the tragus area) is softer than the forehead and mastoid area behind the ear, and its equivalent elastic coefficient is relatively small. In addition, the Young's modulus of elastin and collagen in different cells of the human head is different (for example, the Young's modulus of elastin is E≈0.3MPa, and the Young's modulus of collagen is E=100~1000MPa), so different cells have a greater impact on the equivalent elastic coefficient of different areas of the human head. In addition, the equivalent elastic coefficient of the same part of the same person will be different in different age groups. For example, after aging, the equivalent elastic coefficient will increase accordingly due to the decrease in the amount of subcutaneous fluid. In some embodiments, the equivalent elastic coefficient of the human head skin is also related to the pressure between the vibration unit and the head skin when the user wears the vibration unit. For example, when a user wears a device containing a vibration unit (for example, a hearing device, an audio device, etc.), after pressure is applied between the device and the skin of the human head, the device squeezes the human subcutaneous cells, which will affect the amount of subcutaneous fluid corresponding to the device. The greater the pressure, the less subcutaneous fluid corresponding to the device, and the corresponding equivalent elastic coefficient increases. In order to simulate the characteristic that the equivalent elastic coefficient of the human head skin changes with pressure, in some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic part 102 can be set to change with the change of the movement displacement or movement amplitude of the mass part 101. For example, as the movement amplitude of the mass part 101 increases, the elastic coefficient of the elastic part 102 also increases accordingly. In some embodiments, the elastic part 102 may include but is not limited to a spring, elastic soft glue or silicone, plastic with an elastic structure, metal with an elastic structure, or other elastic forms (for example, an air cushion, a membrane structure, etc.). In some embodiments, the spring includes but is not limited to one or more of a compression spring, a tension spring, a torsion spring, a coil spring, and a leaf spring.In some embodiments, the elastic portion 102 may also be a fluid (for example, gas, liquid, or a combination of gas and liquid, etc.). When the shape of the fluid is acted upon by an external force (for example, the pressure exerted on the fluid when the mass portion 101 vibrates), the fluid exerts a certain resistance to movement (i.e., viscosity) on the mass portion 101, thereby providing a certain elasticity for the movement of the mass portion 101.

[0031] The fixed portion 103 refers to the carrier of the impedance device 100 and can be used to support other components of the impedance device 100 (e.g., the mass portion 101, the elastic portion 102, and the damping structure 104). In some embodiments, the structure of the fixed portion 103 may include, but is not limited to, a plate structure, a shell structure, a block structure, a table structure, etc. It should be noted that the fixed portion 103 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure and can be a structure of any shape as long as it can support other components of the impedance device 100 (e.g., the mass portion 101, the elastic portion 102, and the damping structure 104). No further limitation is given here.

[0032] In some embodiments, the impedance device 100 may further include a damping structure 104. The damping structure 104 may be used to provide damping to the movement of the mass portion 101. The damping structure 104 may represent the equivalent damping of the human body. In some embodiments, the damping structure 104 may include but is not limited to one of a spring damper, a hydraulic damper, a friction damper, a pulse damper, a rotational damper, a viscous damper, an airflow damper, a damping hinge, a damping slide rail, an electromagnetic damper, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the damping structure 104 may also be in a form that utilizes the characteristics of certain media (e.g., fluids, flexible materials with pores) (e.g., liquids with a certain viscosity, such as magnetic fluids, etc.).

[0033] In order to make the characteristics of the impedance device 100 similar to those near the tragus region of the human head, so that the impedance device 100 provides a mechanical impedance similar to that near the tragus region of the human head, and thus make the frequency response curve when the vibration unit is coupled with the impedance device consistent or approximately consistent with the frequency response curve of the vibration unit worn near the tragus region of the human head, the mass of the mass portion 101 or the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 can be adjusted. In some embodiments, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 0.5g to 5g. Preferably, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 0.6g to 4.5g. More preferably, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 0.8g to 4g. More preferably, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 1g to 3.6g. More preferably, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 1.5g to 3g. More preferably, the mass of the mass portion 101 can range from 2g to 2.5g. In some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 in the direction in which the mass portion 101 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 103 may be in the range of 600 N / m-5000 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 700 N / m-4500 N / m. More preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 800 N / m-4000 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 850 N / m-3500 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 900 N / m-1700 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 1000 N / m-1500 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102 may be in the range of 1100 N / m-1400 N / m.

[0034] In addition to the above-mentioned method of adjusting the mass of the mass portion 101 and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 102, in some embodiments, the damping of the damping structure 104 can also be adjusted to make the characteristics of the impedance device 100 similar to the characteristics near the tragus area of ​​the human head. In some embodiments, the damping range of the damping structure 104 can be 1-4. More preferably, the damping range of the damping structure 104 can be 1-3. More preferably, the damping range of the damping structure 104 can be 1-2. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the mass portion 101 or the elastic portion 102 can also play a role in providing damping. Here, the damping provided by the mass portion 101, the elastic portion 102 or the damping structure 104 is regarded as equivalent damping, and the equivalent damping also meets the above-mentioned range.

[0035] In some embodiments, one of the mass portion 101, the elastic portion 102, and the damping structure 104 can simultaneously provide two or three of the mass action, the elastic action, or the damping action. In some embodiments, the mass portion 101 and the elastic portion 102 can be provided by the same component. For example, an elastic silicone block can serve as both the mass portion 101 and the elastic portion 102. In some embodiments, the mass portion 101 and the damping structure 104 can be provided by the same component. For example, the fixed portion 103 has an orifice of the same shape as the mass portion 101. When the side wall of the mass portion 101 is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed portion 103, the friction between the mass portion 101 and the fixed portion 103 can serve as damping for the impedance device 100. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 102 and the damping structure 104 can be provided by the same component. For example, a spring filled or wrapped with foam serves as both the elastic portion 102 and the damping structure 104.

[0036] It should be noted that the above description of impedance device 100 is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. Those skilled in the art, guided by this specification, may make various modifications and alterations to impedance device 100. For example, the elastic portion 102 or the damping structure 104 may be omitted. Alternatively, the number of damping structures 104 may be changed to two, three, or more. These modifications and alterations remain within the scope of this specification.

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, the impedance device 200 may include a mass portion 201, an elastic portion 202 and a fixed portion 203. Among them, the mass portion 201 is connected to the fixed portion 203 through the elastic portion 202, and the mass portion 201 can vibrate relative to the fixed portion 203. In some embodiments, the fixed portion 203 may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a terraced structure, a triangular prism structure, a spherical or hemispherical structure or other regular or irregular structures. In some embodiments, the fixed portion 203 may be a structure that is hollow inside and has an open opening (also referred to as an opening), and the elastic portion 202 is located at the opening of the fixed portion 203 to form a cavity 205 with the fixed portion 203. In some embodiments, the cavity 205 may be a closed cavity. For example, in some embodiments, the elastic portion 202 may be a membrane-like structure, and the shape and size of the membrane-like structure are approximately the same as the shape and size of the opening on the fixed portion 203, and the elastic portion 202 may be connected to the side wall of the fixed portion 203 through its circumference to form a closed cavity 205. For another example, in some embodiments, the size of the membrane-like structure is greater than or equal to the size of the opening on the fixed portion 203, and the membrane-like structure is located at one end of the fixed portion 203 having an opening, covering the opening. In some embodiments, the material of the membrane-like structure may be elastic silicone, rubber, etc. In some embodiments, the cavity 205 may also be connected to the outside world. For example, the membrane-like structure includes a hole portion (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the cavity 205 is connected to the outside world through the hole portion. For another example, the shape and size of the membrane-like structure do not match the shape and size of the opening on the fixed portion 203, and a portion of the membrane-like structure circumference is connected to the side wall of the fixed portion 203. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 202 may also be a leaf spring structure, which is connected to the sidewall of the fixing portion 203 via its circumference. The leaf spring structure may completely cover the opening or partially cover the opening. In some embodiments, the leaf spring structure may be made of metal (e.g., stainless steel, beryllium copper, etc.), plastic, etc.

[0038] In some embodiments, the gas in cavity 205 can also provide elasticity and damping. For example, the gas in cavity 205 of the sealed cavity formed by the elastic portion 202 and the fixed portion 203 has compressible and expandable properties. When the mass portion 201 moves toward the fixed portion 203, the elastic portion 202 deforms, causing the volume of cavity 205 to decrease. At this time, the pressure inside cavity 205 increases, and the gas inside cavity 205 exerts a force on the elastic portion 202 and mass portion 201, which is opposite to the direction of movement of the mass portion 201. When the mass portion 201 moves away from the fixed portion 203, the situation is opposite to the above. As can be seen, the gas in cavity 205 can provide elasticity. In some embodiments, cavity 205 can also be filled with a liquid with a certain viscosity, such as one or more of magnetic fluid, water, oily organic matter, etc., or the cavity 205 can be filled with both liquid and gas.

[0039] When an external force F (e.g., a force generated by the vibration unit) acts on the mass portion 201, the mass portion 201 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 203 under the elastic action of the elastic portion 202. This vibration has different frequency responses at different frequencies, wherein the vibration generates a resonance peak within a first specific frequency range. In some embodiments, the first specific frequency range may be 20 Hz to 300 Hz. In some embodiments, the first specific frequency range may be 40 Hz to 60 Hz.

[0040] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 3A, in some embodiments, the impedance device 300A may include a mass portion 301, an elastic portion 302, and a fixed portion 303. The mass portion 301 is connected to the fixed portion 303 via the elastic portion 302, and the mass portion 301 can vibrate relative to the fixed portion 303. In some embodiments, the fixed portion 303 may be a hollow structure with an open opening, and the elastic portion 302 is located at the opening of the fixed portion 303 to form a cavity 305 with the fixed portion 303. In some embodiments, one or more holes 3031 are provided on the side wall of the fixed portion 303 opposite the mass portion 301 to connect the air inside the cavity 305 with the air outside the cavity 305. In some embodiments, the impedance device 300A may also include an acoustic gauze 304, which covers the holes 3031 and allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305. Under the action of an external force (arrow F shown in FIG3A ), the mass portion 301 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 303. When the mass portion 301 generates a motion displacement relative to the fixed portion 303 and acts on the elastic portion 302, the elastic portion 302 generates elastic deformation, which increases the pressure inside the cavity 305, causing the air inside the cavity 305 to leak to the external environment through the hole 3031. When the air passes through the acoustic gauze 304, the air flow is affected by viscosity, thereby providing damping for the movement of the mass portion 301. It should be noted that the cavity 305 and the air inside it, as well as the acoustic gauze 304, can be regarded as the damping structure of the impedance device 300A to provide damping for the movement of the mass portion 301. In some embodiments, the damping of the impedance device 300A can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the hole 3031, the cavity volume, or the acoustic range of the acoustic gauze 304. In order to make the damping provided by the impedance device 300A approximately equal to the damping of the front face area of ​​the human auricle (for example, the damping is in the range of 1-4), in some embodiments, the total area of ​​the hole portion 3031 accounts for 10% to 90% of the area of ​​the side wall of the fixing portion 303 in which it is located, and the cavity volume is not greater than 1000 cm 3 The acoustic resistance of the acoustic gauze 304 is in the range of 500Rayl to 1600Rayl. Preferably, the total area of ​​the hole portion 3031 accounts for 20% to 80% of the area of ​​the side wall of the fixing portion 303 where it is located, and the cavity volume is not greater than 800cm 3 The acoustic impedance of the acoustic gauze 304 is in the range of 600Rayl to 1400Rayl. Further preferably, the total area of ​​the hole portion 3031 accounts for 30% to 60% of the area of ​​the side wall of the fixing portion 303 where it is located, and the cavity volume is not greater than 600cm 3 The acoustic impedance of the acoustic gauze 304 is in the range of 800Rayl to 1200Rayl.

[0041] In some embodiments, the elastic portion 302 can simultaneously provide elastic support and damping. For example, in some embodiments, the elastic portion 302 can be a membrane structure, a rod structure, a block structure, or other structures of any shape made of flexible material that can bear the weight portion 301 and connect the fixed portion 303. In some embodiments, the flexible material can include but is not limited to any one or more of silicone, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyester (PET), polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), textile materials, etc. Under the action of an external force (arrow F shown in Figure 3A), the mass portion 301 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 303. When the mass portion 301 generates a motion displacement relative to the fixed portion 303 and acts on the elastic portion 302, the elastic portion 302 generates elastic deformation, causing the elastic portion 302 to generate internal friction and generate heat energy, thereby providing damping for the movement of the mass portion 301.

[0042] In order to ensure that the elasticity provided by the impedance device 300A is consistent or approximately consistent with the elasticity near the human tragus, in some embodiments, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 302 in the direction in which the mass portion 301 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 303 can be within a range of 600 N / m to 5000 N / m. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 302 in the direction in which the mass portion 301 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 303 can be within a range of 700 N / m to 3500 N / m. The range of the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion is 700 N / m-3500 N / m. Further preferably, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion 302 in the direction in which the mass portion 301 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 303 can be within a range of 900 N / m-1700 N / m.

[0043] It should be noted that when the elastic portion 302 is a structure made of a flexible material, the elastic portion 302 itself provides both elasticity and damping effects. The side wall of the fixed portion 303 opposite to the mass portion 301 may not be provided with an additional damping structure (for example, the hole portion 3031 and the acoustic gauze 304), or a damping structure may be provided at the same time. In this case, the elastic portion 302 and the damping structure jointly provide damping for the movement of the mass portion 301. In addition, the elastic portion 302 made of a flexible material can also be applied to the impedance devices provided in other embodiments of the present application, for example, the impedance device 300B shown in FIG3B , the impedance device 300C shown in FIG3C , the impedance device 300D shown in FIG3D , the impedance device 400 shown in FIG4 , and the impedance device 500 shown in FIG5 .

[0044] It should be noted that the above description of the impedance device 300A is for illustration and purpose only and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this specification, make various modifications and changes to the impedance device 300A. For example, the hole portion 3031 and the acoustic gauze 304 can also be located on the side wall of the fixed portion 303 connected to the elastic portion 302. Alternatively, in the impedance device 300B shown in FIG3B , the hole portion 3031 and the acoustic gauze 304 can also be provided on both the side wall of the fixed portion 303 connected to the elastic portion 302 and the side wall of the fixed portion 303 opposite the mass portion 301. These modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.

[0045] Figure 3C is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. The impedance device 300C shown in Figure 3C is substantially the same as the impedance device 300A shown in Figure 3A, with the main difference being that the cavity 305 of the impedance device 300C is connected to the outside through the elastic portion 302. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 302 can be a reed structure that covers the opening of the fixing portion 303 and forms the cavity 305. In some embodiments, the reed structure can include a hollow area (not shown in Figure 3C), which allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305. In some embodiments, the hollow area can be covered with an acoustic gauze 304, which allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305 and provides damping. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 302 can be a membrane structure with one or more holes formed on the membrane structure, which allow the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305. In some embodiments, the hole portion may be covered with an acoustic gauze 304 , which allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305 and provides damping.

[0046] Figure 3D is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. The impedance device 300D shown in Figure 3D is similar in structure to the impedance device 300A shown in Figure 3A, the impedance device 300B shown in Figure 3B, and the impedance device 300C shown in Figure 3C, except that a damping structure is provided on both the fixed portion 303 and the elastic portion 302 of the impedance device 300D shown in Figure 3D. As shown in Figure 3D, in some embodiments, one or more hole portions 3031 are provided on the side wall of the fixed portion 303 opposite to the mass portion 301 to connect the air inside the cavity 305 with the air outside the cavity 305. In some embodiments, A may further include an acoustic gauze 304, which covers the hole portion 3031, and the acoustic gauze 304 allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 302 has a hollow area or a hole portion, which is covered with an acoustic gauze 304. The acoustic gauze 304 allows the air inside the cavity 305 to communicate with the air outside the cavity 305 and provides damping.

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the impedance device 400 may include a mass portion 401, an elastic portion 402 and a fixed portion 403. The mass portion 401 is connected to the fixed portion 403 via the elastic portion 402, and the mass portion 401 can vibrate relative to the fixed portion 403. In some embodiments, the fixed portion 403 may be a structure having a groove 405, and the elastic portion 402 is located at the groove 405 of the fixed portion 403 and is connected to the fixed portion 403 via the elastic portion 402. In some embodiments, the elastic portion 402 may be a membrane structure, a rod structure, a sheet structure, or the like. In some embodiments, the impedance device 400 may further include a magnetic circuit structure, wherein the magnetic circuit structure may be located between the elastic portion 402 and the fixed portion 403. In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit structure may include a first magnet 4041 and a second magnet 4042, which are spaced apart in the groove 405. One pole of the first magnet 4041 and one pole of the second magnet 4042 are opposite to each other, and the two opposing poles of the first magnet 4041 and the second magnet 4042 have opposite polarities, forming a magnetic gap 4043. Furthermore, the other pole of the first magnet 4041 and the other pole of the second magnet 4042 are connected to the fixed portion 403. In some embodiments, the impedance device 400 may further include a metal sheet 4044, one end of which is connected to the mass portion 401 or the elastic portion 402, and the other end of the metal sheet 4044 extends away from the mass portion 401 or the elastic portion 402 and into the magnetic gap 4043. Under the action of an external force (arrow F shown in FIG4 ), the mass portion 401 vibrates relative to the fixed portion 403. When the mass portion 401 moves relative to the fixed portion 403, it drives the metal sheet 4044 to cut through the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic gap 4043, causing the metal sheet 4044 to generate eddy currents. According to Lenz's law, when the metal sheet 4044 cuts through the magnetic flux lines, it generates a force opposite to the displacement direction of the mass portion 401. This force acts on the mass portion 401 to provide damping for the movement of the mass portion 401. It should be noted that the magnetic circuit structure and the metal sheet 4044 here constitute the damping structure 404 of the impedance device 400, providing damping for the movement of the mass portion 401.

[0048] In some embodiments, the damping value provided by the damping structure 404 can be adjusted to be within a specific range (e.g., 1-4) by adjusting factors such as the conductivity of the metal sheet 4044, the projected area of ​​the metal sheet 4044 on the magnetic circuit structure, and the magnetic flux range of the magnetic circuit structure. In some embodiments, the metal sheet 4044 can be made of a metal with high electrical conductivity. For example, the material of the metal sheet 4044 can include but is not limited to copper, aluminum, silver, gold, platinum, etc. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the metal sheet 4044 can also be replaced by a structure made of other non-metallic materials with conductive wires, such as one or more of graphite, semiconductor materials (e.g., selenium, silicon, germanium, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, etc.). In some embodiments, the metal sheet 4044 can also be replaced by a structure made of a mixture of non-metallic and metallic materials. In order to make the damping value provided by the damping structure 404 within a specific range (e.g., 1-4), in some embodiments, along the vibration direction of the mass part 401 relative to the fixed part 403, the projected area of ​​the metal sheet 4044 on the magnetic circuit structure (e.g., the pole opposite to the first magnet 4041 and the second magnet 4042) is within 25mm 2 ~400mm 2 The magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit structure is in the range of 0.2T to 1.8T, and the resistivity of the metal sheet 1044 is in the range of 0.8×10 -8 Ω·m~2.0×10 -8 Ω·m. Preferably, along the vibration direction of the mass part 401 relative to the fixed part 403, the projection area of ​​the metal sheet 4044 on the magnetic circuit structure is 50mm 2 ~200mm 2 The magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit structure is in the range of 0.8T to 1.5T, and the resistivity of the metal sheet 1044 is in the range of 1.2×10 -8 Ω·m~2.0×10 -8 Ω·m.

[0049] It should be noted that the above description of impedance device 400 is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and alterations to impedance device 400 can be made under the guidance of this specification. For example, the magnets in the magnetic circuit structure are not limited to the first magnet 4041 and the second magnet 4042 described above, but may also include other magnets, and such modifications and alterations remain within the scope of this specification. Furthermore, impedance device 400 may also be provided with the damping structure shown in Figures 3A-3D.

[0050] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , the overall structure of the impedance device 500 shown in FIG5 is substantially the same as that of the impedance device 200 shown in FIG2 . Specifically, the mass portion 501 , elastic portion 502 , fixed portion 503 , and cavity 505 in FIG5 are similar in structure to the mass portion 201 , elastic portion 202 , fixed portion 203 , and cavity 205 in FIG2 , respectively, and are not further described here.

[0051] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, a flexible structure 504 is filled within the cavity 505 , and the flexible structure 504 contacts the elastic portion 502 and the fixed portion 503 , respectively. The flexible structure 504 is elastic. When the mass portion 501 moves and displaces, the elastic portion 502 undergoes elastic deformation, and the elastic portion 502 simultaneously acts on the flexible structure 504. The flexible structure 504 has a certain degree of elasticity and can absorb some of the vibration of the mass portion 501, thereby providing a damping effect. In some embodiments, the material of the flexible structure may include, but is not limited to, silicone, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyester (PET), polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and textile materials. In some embodiments, the flexible structure 504 has porous pores, such as compressed foam. The elastic portion 502 undergoes elastic deformation and acts on the flexible structure 504. The airflow within the cavity 505 propagates through the porous pores of the flexible structure 504, and the airflow is subjected to a viscous effect, thereby providing damping for the movement of the mass portion 501. It should be noted that the flexible structure here is the damping structure of the impedance device 500. In order to make the damping provided by the impedance device 500 similar to the damping of the facial area near the front of the human auricle, in some embodiments, the hardness of the flexible structure 504 can be in the range of 5 degrees to 45 degrees, and the density of the flexible structure 504 can be 40 kg / m 3 ~120kg / m 3 Preferably, the hardness of the flexible structure 504 can be in the range of 12 degrees to 35 degrees, and the density of the flexible structure 504 can be in the range of 60 kg / m 3 ~100kg / m 3 Further preferably, the hardness of the flexible structure 504 can be in the range of 12 degrees to 35 degrees, and the density of the flexible structure 504 can be in the range of 60 kg / m 3 ~100kg / m 3 within the range.

[0052] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the impedance device 600 shown in FIG6 has substantially the same overall structure as the impedance device 500 shown in FIG5 , wherein the mass portion 601, elastic portion 602, and fixed portion 603 in FIG6 are similar in structure to the mass portion 501, elastic portion 502, and fixed portion 503 in FIG5 , respectively. The difference between the two is that the flexible structure 604 fills part of the cavity 605, and the area within the cavity 605 not filled by the flexible structure 604 is air. It should be noted that the damping structure shown in FIG3A-FIG3D can also be applied to the impedance device 600 shown in FIG6 . When the impedance device 600 has multiple damping structures that provide damping, the total damping of the impedance device 600 is equivalent damping. In some embodiments, the range of equivalent damping can be 1-4. More preferably, the damping range of equivalent damping can be 1-3. More preferably, the damping range of equivalent damping can be 1-2.

[0053] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impedance device provided according to some embodiments of the present application. The impedance device 700 shown in FIG7 has substantially the same overall structure as the impedance device 200 shown in FIG2 , wherein the mass portion 701 , the elastic portion 702 , the fixed portion 703 , and the cavity 705 shown in FIG7 are similar to the structures of the mass portion 201 , the elastic portion 202 , the fixed portion 203 , and the cavity 205 shown in FIG2 , respectively, and are not described in detail here. The difference between the impedance device 700 and the impedance device 200 is that the impedance device 700 shown in FIG7 may include a damping structure 704, which is located on the side of the mass portion 701 away from the elastic portion 702 and is spaced apart from the mass portion 701. In some embodiments, the damping structure 704 may be made of a flexible material. For example, the flexible material may include, but is not limited to, any one or more of silicone, rubber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyester (PET), polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), textile materials, and the like. In some embodiments, the damping structure 704 has porous pores, for example, compressed foam. In some application scenarios, the vibration unit 706 can be located between the damping structure 704 and the mass portion 701. The damping structure 704 can be directly fixedly connected to the fixing portion 703, or the damping structure 704 can be fixed by a fixing member (for example, a support rod) so that the vibration unit 706 is fixed between the damping structure 704 and the mass portion 701. Since the damping structure 704 is fixed to one side of the mass portion 701 and is in direct contact with the vibration unit 706, when the vibration unit 706 vibrates, the damping structure 704 can absorb the vibration energy of the vibration unit 706, thereby providing a damping effect.

[0054] It should be noted that in the above-mentioned impedance devices (e.g., impedance devices 300A, 300B, 300C, 300D, 400, 500, 600, 700), a single component can simultaneously play the role of different components. As an example only, in some embodiments, a single component can simultaneously play the role of a mass portion and an elastic portion. For example, when the elastic portion is a reed structure, the mass of the reed structure is relatively large. In this case, the reed structure not only plays the role of providing elasticity to the elastic portion, but also plays the role of providing mass. When determining the mass value, the mass value provided by the component in the impedance device can be determined by calculating the sum of the mass of the reed structure portion (e.g., 1 / 3 of the mass of the reed structure) and the mass portion, thereby more accurately determining the mass value provided by the component in the impedance device. In some embodiments, a single component in the impedance device can simultaneously play the role of an elastic portion and a damping structure. For example, when an acoustic gauze is used to provide air damping, the air inside the cavity also plays the role of providing elasticity. When determining the elastic coefficient provided by the impedance device, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion and the elastic coefficient of the air inside the cavity need to be calculated in series. It should be noted that the elastic coefficients involved in the embodiments of this specification all refer to the elastic coefficients along the direction of the external force.

[0055] In some embodiments, a single component in the impedance device can simultaneously serve as a mass portion and a damping structure. For example, when foam is used as the mass portion, the vibration unit pushes the mass portion to move and displace, and at the same time, the mass portion is squeezed, and the internal porous pores can also play a damping effect. In some embodiments, a single component in the impedance device can simultaneously serve as a mass portion, an elastic portion, and a damping structure. For example, when a silicone rubber diaphragm is used as the elastic portion, the silicone rubber diaphragm provides elastic force on the one hand, and the internal friction when the diaphragm moves can also play a damping effect. At the same time, part of the mass of the diaphragm also needs to be included in the additional mass of the mass portion.

[0056] FIG8 is a graph of frequency response curves of vibration of a vibration unit provided according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG8 , the abscissa represents frequency (Hz), and the ordinate represents the frequency response of the vibration unit (dB). Frequency response curve 810 (the curve corresponding to the "actual human head-mounted vibration unit" shown in FIG8 ) represents the vibration frequency response curve of the vibration unit after coupling with the vicinity of the tragus region of an actual human face; frequency response curve 820 (the curve corresponding to the "no impedance device" shown in FIG8 ) represents the frequency response curve of the vibration unit when suspended in the air; frequency response curve 830 (the curve corresponding to the "mass portion and elastic portion with an impedance device" shown in FIG8 ) represents the frequency response curve of the vibration unit after coupling with an impedance device without damping; and frequency response curve 840 (the curve corresponding to the "mass portion, elastic portion, and damping structure with an impedance device" shown in FIG8 ) represents the frequency response curve of the vibration unit after coupling with an impedance device with damping. As shown in Figure 8, combining frequency response curve 810 and frequency response curve 820, it can be seen that there are indeed obvious differences in the frequency response curves of the vibration unit's suspended vibration and the vibration unit's coupling with the actual human face's tragus area. Combining frequency response curves 810, 820, and 830, at 25Hz-100Hz, the frequency responses of the impedance device with a damping structure and the impedance device without a damping structure after coupling with the vibration unit and the frequency response of the vibration unit after coupling with the vicinity of the actual human face's tragus area are basically consistent; at 200Hz-1000Hz, the difference in the frequency response of the impedance device with a damping structure after coupling with the vibration unit and the frequency response of the vibration unit after coupling with the vicinity of the actual human face's tragus area is small, and it can be seen that frequency response curve 820 and frequency response curve 840 are basically consistent. Therefore, it can be seen that the impedance device described in this specification is basically consistent with the mechanical impedance of an actual human face and can reflect the mechanical characteristics of an actual human face.

[0057] In some embodiments, the impedance device can be adjusted by adjusting the mass of the impedance device, the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion, or the damping of the damping structure, so that the mechanical impedance provided by the impedance device is approximately consistent with the mechanical impedance near the tragus region of the head. The frequency response curve of the vibration unit when worn near the tragus region of the head has a resonance peak 811 in a first specific frequency range (e.g., 20Hz-300Hz). That is, the vibration force level of the vibration unit when worn near the tragus region of the head has a maximum value (also referred to as a peak value) within the first specific frequency range. When the frequency is greater than the first specific frequency range, the vibration force level of the vibration unit when worn near the tragus region of the head changes less with increasing frequency. In some embodiments, within the range of the resonant frequency corresponding to the resonance peak 811, the vibration force level of the vibration unit is in the range of -90dB to -70dB, and the difference between the resonance peak 811 of the vibration unit and its vibration force level within the range of the resonant frequency corresponding to the resonance peak is in the range of 10dB to 20dB.

[0058] FIG8 depicts the frequency response curve of the vibration unit. Here, the mechanical impedance frequency response curve near the tragus region of the human head (not shown) shows that the mechanical impedance frequency response curve near the tragus region has a trough within a second specific frequency range (e.g., 50 Hz-500 Hz). In other words, the mechanical impedance near the tragus region has a minimum value (also referred to as a trough) within the specific frequency range. The frequency corresponding to the trough is lower than the frequency corresponding to the resonance peak. Furthermore, when the frequency is lower than the second specific frequency range, the mechanical impedance near the tragus region decreases with increasing frequency. When the frequency is higher than the second specific frequency range, the mechanical impedance near the tragus region increases with increasing frequency. In some embodiments, the second specific frequency range is not limited to the aforementioned 50 Hz-500 Hz. In some embodiments, the second specific frequency range may also be other frequency ranges such as 60 Hz-400 Hz, 70 Hz-300 Hz, or 80 Hz-200 Hz, or any frequency value within such range.

[0059] In some embodiments, the damping of the impedance device can be adjusted so that the characteristics of the mechanical impedance provided by the impedance device are consistent or approximately consistent with the characteristics of the mechanical impedance near the tragus area of ​​the head. The valley value of the mechanical impedance provided by the impedance device is used as an example for illustration. In some embodiments, the damping range of the damping structure can be adjusted to 1-4 so that the valley value of the mechanical impedance of the impedance device is between 0dB and 15dB. Preferably, the damping of the damping structure can be adjusted to 1.5-3.9 so that the valley value of the mechanical impedance of the impedance device is between 2dB and 13dB. Further preferably, the damping of the damping structure can be adjusted to 2-3.7 so that the valley value of the mechanical impedance of the impedance device is between 3dB and 12dB. More preferably, the damping of the damping structure can be adjusted to 2.4-3.2 so that the valley value of the mechanical impedance of the impedance device is between 6dB and 10dB. In some embodiments, the mass of the mass portion and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion can be adjusted so that the frequency corresponding to the valley value is within a specific frequency range. In some embodiments, the valley value of the impedance device can be adjusted to be within the range of 50Hz-500Hz by adjusting the mass range of the mass portion to 0.5g-5g and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion to be within the range of 600N / m-5000N / m. Preferably, the valley value of the impedance device can be adjusted to be within the range of 60Hz-320Hz by adjusting the mass range of the mass portion to 0.8g-4.5g and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion to be within the range of 700N / m-3500N / m. More preferably, the valley value of the impedance device can be adjusted to be within the range of 80Hz-200Hz by adjusting the mass range of the mass portion to be 1g-3.6g and the elastic coefficient of the elastic portion to be within the range of 900N / m-1700N / m.

[0060] FIG9 is an exemplary framework diagram of a system for simulating the influence of a head on vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG9 , system 900 may include a vibration unit 910 , an impedance device 920 , a connector 930 , and a sensor 940 .

[0061] In some embodiments, the vibration unit 910 can be configured to provide a vibration signal. In some embodiments, the vibration unit 910 can convert a signal containing audio information into a vibration signal. In some embodiments, the audio information may include a video or audio file having a specific data format, or data or files that can be converted into audio through a specific path. The signal containing audio information may come from a storage component that communicates with or is connected to the vibration unit 910. In some embodiments, the signal containing audio information may include an electrical signal, an optical signal, a magnetic signal, a mechanical signal, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the vibration unit 910 can obtain a signal containing audio information in a variety of different ways. The signal acquisition method includes but is not limited to acquisition via wired or wireless means, and may also include real-time acquisition or delayed acquisition. For example, the vibration unit 910 can receive an electrical signal containing audio information via wired or wireless means, or it can directly obtain data from a storage medium to generate a signal. In some embodiments, the vibration unit 910 can convert a signal containing audio information into mechanical vibration. The conversion process may involve the coexistence and conversion of multiple different types of energy. For example, an electrical signal can be directly converted into mechanical vibration through a transducer to produce sound. For another example, audio information can be contained in an optical signal, which can be converted into a vibration signal through a transducer. Other energy types that can coexist and be converted during the operation of the transducer include thermal energy, magnetic field energy, etc. In some embodiments, the energy conversion method of the transducer may include moving coil, electrostatic, piezoelectric, moving iron, pneumatic, electromagnetic, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0062] In some embodiments, the impedance device 920 can contact the vibration unit 910 and provide mechanical impedance for the vibration unit 910. In some embodiments, a certain pressure is exerted between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910. The mechanical impedance provided by the impedance device 920 can simulate the impedance of the head relative to the vibration unit 910 during actual use. The vibration state of the vibration unit 910 provided with the mechanical impedance is consistent or nearly consistent with the vibration characteristics when it is actually fitted to the head. This enables the system to simulate the effect of the head's mechanical impedance on the vibration state of the vibration unit 910 when the vibration unit 910 is coupled to the head's vibration. The specific content of the impedance device can be found in the relevant descriptions and illustrations of Figures 1-7 and will not be repeated here.

[0063] In some embodiments, the connector 930 can be configured to couple the vibration unit 910 with the impedance device 920. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 0.05N-3.5N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. Preferably, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 0.1N-3N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. Preferably, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 0.3N-2.5N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. Preferably, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 0.5N-2N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. Preferably, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 0.8N-1.8N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. Preferably, the connector 930 can provide a pressure of 1N-1.5N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can be connected to the vibration unit 910 and apply pressure to the vibration unit 910, thereby coupling the vibration unit 910 to the impedance device 920, such as a support frame. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can be connected to the vibration unit 910 and secured in contact with another fixed structure, such as a connector 930 that can be used to bind the vibration unit 910 to another fixed structure. Other fixed structures include, but are not limited to, a head model or a fixture. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can be integrally formed with the vibration unit 910 and secured in contact with another fixed structure, such as an integrally formed ear hook structure of headphones, an integrally formed ear clip structure of a hearing aid, or an integrally formed frame structure of audio glasses. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can be made of plastic or metal with a certain hardness and shape. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can also be made of silicone, rubber, fabric, etc. with a certain degree of elasticity. In some embodiments, the connector 930 can also be made of foam to provide damping for the movement of the vibration unit 910.

[0064] In some embodiments, when the connecting member 930 provides a pressure of 0.05N-3.5N to the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920, the impedance device 920 provides a mechanical impedance in the range of 6dB-50dB to the vibration unit 910. The mechanical impedance in the range of 6dB-50dB simulates the actual impedance fed back to the vibration unit 910 near the tragus area during actual use, so that the influence of the mechanical impedance on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 when the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920 are coupled to vibrate can simulate the influence of the actual impedance of the head on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 when the vibration unit 910 is coupled to the head vibration, which is convenient for the research and development and production of testing or calibration of related products.

[0065] In order to ensure that the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920 are fully fitted together, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910 may be 0.25 cm2 -4cm 2 In some embodiments, the area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910 is 1 cm 2 –3.6cm 2 In some embodiments, the area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910 is 1.5 cm 2 –3.4cm 2 In some embodiments, the area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910 is 2 cm 2 –3.2cm 2 It should be noted that the area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device 920 and the vibration unit 910 is not limited to the above range, and can also be other ranges. For example, the area of ​​the coupling region is greater than 4 cm 2 or less than 0.25cm 2 The specific area of ​​the coupling region can be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the vibration unit 910.

[0066] In some embodiments, sensor 940 can be configured to collect parameter information about vibration unit 910 during vibration. In some embodiments, sensor 940 can be further configured to collect parameter information about vibration unit 910 during the coupling vibration process with impedance device 920. In some embodiments, parameter information during vibration can be used to characterize the vibration impact of vibration unit 910. In some embodiments, parameter information during vibration can include vibration characteristic data, which can include but is not limited to one or more of vibration displacement, vibration velocity, and vibration acceleration. In some embodiments, parameter information during vibration can include air-conducted acoustic characteristic data generated by the vibration, which can include but is not limited to one or more of sound pressure level and frequency response of air-conducted sound. In some embodiments, sensor 940 can be located at vibration unit 910, for example, sensor 940 can be directly mounted on or within vibration unit 910. In some embodiments, sensor 940 can be indirectly connected to vibration unit 910, for example, sensor 940 can be mounted on or within impedance device 920, such as on the mass portion of impedance device 920. In some embodiments, sensor 940 can also be located on connector 930. In some embodiments, the type and / or form of sensor 940 may not be limited. For example, sensor 940 may be a non-contact laser sensor (such as a vibrometer, Doppler tester, etc.) that can obtain vibration motion acceleration (velocity or displacement), an air conduction speaker, or various contact acceleration sensors, bone conduction sensors, piezoelectric sensors, MEMS sensors, etc.

[0067] In some embodiments, the system may further include a testing system, which may be connected to at least one sensor 940 to collect and / or process detection signals from the at least one sensor 940. In some embodiments, the testing system may be connected to the vibration unit 910 to provide a driving signal to the vibration unit 910 to drive the vibration unit 910 to generate a mechanical vibration signal. In some embodiments, the testing system connects the at least one sensor 940 and the vibration unit 910, drives the vibration unit 910 to generate a mechanical vibration signal, and collects and processes the signal collected by the at least one sensor 940.

[0068] It should be understood that the system for simulating the effect of a head on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 shown in FIG9 is for illustration and purpose only and does not limit the scope of application of this specification. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this specification, make various modifications and changes to the system for simulating the effect of a head on the vibration of the vibration unit 910. For example, multiple sensors 940 of different types or forms can be provided to monitor more and more complete parameter information. For example, the connector 930 can be omitted and the vibration unit 910 and the impedance device 920 can be directly coupled by magnetic attraction or adhesion. These modifications and changes are still within the scope of this specification.

[0069] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating the position of the head coupling region simulated by the impedance device described in some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 10, when the vibration unit 910 is coupled to the head, along a cross-section viewed from the top of the head, the vibration unit 910 is coupled to the front side of the human tragus (referred to as the vicinity of the tragus region). In some embodiments, the vibration unit 910 primarily vibrates the temporal bone in front of the tragus, transmitting the vibration signal directly to the ossicles of the middle ear and the cochlea of ​​the inner ear, bypassing the eardrum. In some cases, the vibration of the vibration unit 910 also causes the surrounding air to vibrate, generating a portion of air-conducted sound, which is transmitted to the eardrum through the external auditory canal. The impedance device described in some embodiments of this specification is used to simulate the actual impedance generated near the tragus region when the vibration unit 910 is coupled to the vibrating region. The system for simulating the effect of the head on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 is used to simulate the effect of the actual impedance near the tragus region on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 when the vibration unit 910 vibrates near the vibrating region. The coupling of the vibration unit 910 near the tragus region can meet the application scenarios of most bone conduction headphones and can also meet the application scenarios of some hearing aids. Therefore, the system that simulates the influence of the head on the vibration of the vibration unit 910 can objectively measure the vibration influence of the vibration unit 910, simulate and characterize the actual frequency response of the vibration unit 910 when it vibrates near the coupled auricle area, and can be used as a test or calibration device for research and development and production.

[0070] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for simulating the influence of a head on the vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present application. The structures of the mass portion 1141, the elastic portion 1142 and the fixed portion 1143 in FIG11 are similar to the structures of the mass portion 301, the elastic portion 302 and the fixed portion 303 in FIG3D , respectively, and are not described in detail here. As shown in FIG11 , the system 1100 may include a vibration unit 1110, a connector 1120 and an impedance device 1140, wherein the connector 1120 may be fixedly arranged at the fixed portion 1143 of the impedance device 1140, one end of the connector 1120 is connected to the vibration unit 1110, and the connector 1120 couples the vibration unit 1110 with the mass portion 1141 of the impedance device 1140. At the same time, the force exerted by the connector 1120 on the vibration unit 1110 can provide pressure for coupling the vibration unit 1110 with the impedance device 1140. In some embodiments, the connector 1120 may also be an independent structure relative to the impedance device. The connector 1120 may be located on the side of the mass portion 1141 away from the elastic portion 1142 and spaced apart from the mass portion 1141. The vibration unit 1110 is located between the connector 1120 and the mass portion 1141. The pressure of the coupling between the vibration unit 1110 and the impedance device 1140 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the connector 1120.

[0071] In some embodiments, the system 1100 may further include a damping structure 1105. The damping structure 1105 is located on a side of the mass portion 1141 facing away from the elastic portion 1142 and spaced apart from the mass portion 1141. The vibration unit 1110 is located between the damping structure 1105 and the mass portion 1141. In some embodiments, the damping structure 1105 is made of a porous material, such as compressed foam, to provide damping to the movement of the vibration unit 1110, thereby simulating a scenario in which the vibration unit 1110 is worn near the tragus of a human ear.

[0072] It should be noted that the damping structure 1105 or the impedance device 1140 shown in Figure 11 can be replaced by the impedance device 200 shown in Figure 2, the impedance device 300A shown in Figure 3A, the impedance device 300B shown in Figure 3B, the impedance device 300C shown in Figure 3C, the impedance device 400 shown in Figure 4, the impedance device 500 shown in Figure 5, the impedance device 600 shown in Figure 6, and the impedance device 700 shown in Figure 7.

[0073] Figure 12 is a structural diagram of a system for simulating the effect of the head on the vibration of a vibration unit according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the system 1200 may include headphones and an impedance device, wherein the headphones may include a vibration unit 1210 (for example, a bone conduction speaker) and a connector 1220, wherein the connector 1220 may be an ear hook structure, and the ear hook structure may be wrapped around the user's head and fix the vibration unit 1210 near the user's tragus area. In some embodiments, the impedance device may include a mass portion 1241, an elastic portion 1242 and a fixed portion 1243, and the mass portion 1241 is connected to the fixed portion 1243 through the elastic portion 1242. When the vibration unit 1210 is in working condition, the vibration unit 1210 drives the mass portion 1241 to vibrate relative to the fixed portion 1243. It should be noted that the impedance device in Figure 12 can be replaced by the impedance device 200 shown in Figure 2, the impedance device 300A shown in Figure 3A, the impedance device 300B shown in Figure 3B, the impedance device 300C shown in Figure 3C, the impedance device 300D shown in Figure 3D, the impedance device 400 shown in Figure 4, the impedance device 500 shown in Figure 5, the impedance device 600 shown in Figure 6, and the impedance device 700 shown in Figure 7.

[0074] It should be noted that Figures 1-12 are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation thereto. A person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the guidance of this application. Different embodiments may produce different beneficial effects. In different embodiments, the beneficial effects that may be produced may be any one or a combination of the above, or any other possible beneficial effects.

[0075] The basic concepts have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not limit the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements, and amendments are suggested in the present application and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0076] At the same time, this application uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different locations in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application may be appropriately combined.

[0077] In addition, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of processing elements and sequences, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names in this application are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this application. Although the above disclosure discusses some invention embodiments that are currently considered useful through various examples, it should be understood that such details are only for illustrative purposes, and the attached claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the essence and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented only by software solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

[0078] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this application and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this application sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those recited in the claims. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

[0079] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0080] Each patent, patent application, patent application disclosure, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, and documents, cited in this application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This includes any application history that is inconsistent with or conflicts with the content of this application, as well as any document (currently or subsequently attached to this application) that limits the broadest scope of the claims of this application. It should be noted that if the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in the accompanying materials of this application are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this application, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this application will prevail.

[0081] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments in this application are intended only to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this application. Therefore, as examples and not limitations, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this application may be considered consistent with the teachings of this application. Accordingly, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this application.

Claims

1. An impedance device comprising: A mass part, an elastic part and a fixed part, wherein the mass part is connected to the fixed part through the elastic part, wherein the fixed part is a structure with a hollow interior, the fixed part includes an opening, the elastic part is located at the opening and is connected to the fixed part, and the elastic part and the fixed part form a cavity, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic part in the direction in which the mass part vibrates relative to the fixed part ranges from 600N / m to 5000N / m.

2. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein The fixing portion is further provided with at least one hole portion, and the at least one hole portion is covered with an acoustic gauze. The acoustic gauze allows the air inside the cavity to communicate with the air outside the cavity and provides damping.

3. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein The elastic part is provided with a damping structure, which provides damping for vibration of the elastic part. The damping provided by the damping structure is in the range of 1-4.

4. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein The elastic portion includes a leaf spring structure, and the leaf spring structure includes a hollow area. The hollow area allows the air inside the cavity to communicate with the air outside the cavity.

5. The impedance device according to claim 4, wherein: The hollow area is covered with an acoustic gauze, which allows the air inside the cavity to communicate with the air outside the cavity and provides damping.

6. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein The elastic portion includes a membrane-like structure, and the membrane-like structure is connected to the fixing portion through a peripheral side thereof.

7. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein A magnetic circuit structure is provided between the elastic part and the fixed part. The magnetic circuit structure has a magnetic gap. A metal sheet extends from the mass part or the elastic part, and the metal sheet extends into the magnetic gap.

8. The impedance device according to claim 7, wherein: Along the vibration direction of the mass part relative to the fixed part, the projection area of ​​the metal sheet on the magnetic circuit structure is 25mm 2 ~400mm 2 within the range.

9. The impedance device according to claim 7, wherein: The resistivity of the metal sheet is 0.8×10 -8 Ω·m~2.0×10 -8 In the range of Ω·m.

10. The impedance device according to claim 7, wherein: The magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit structure is in the range of 0.2T to 1.8T.

11. The impedance device according to claim 1, wherein The cavity is filled with a flexible structure, and the flexible structure is in contact with the elastic part and the fixing part respectively.

12. The impedance device of claim 11, wherein the flexible structure has porous pores. 13 . The impedance device according to claim 1 , further comprising a damping structure, wherein the damping structure is located on a side of the mass portion facing away from the elastic portion and is spaced apart from the mass portion.

14. The impedance device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein when an external force acts on the elastic portion, the impedance device provides a mechanical impedance in the range of 6 dB to 50 dB, wherein: The external force has the same direction as the vibration direction of the mass portion relative to the fixed portion, and the external force is within a range of 0.05N to 3.5N.

15. A system for simulating the effect of a head on vibration of a vibration unit, comprising: a vibration unit configured to provide a vibration signal; an impedance device, the impedance device contacting the vibration unit and providing mechanical impedance to the vibration unit; a connecting member configured to couple the vibration unit with the impedance device; and The sensor is configured to collect parameter information of the vibration unit during the vibration process, wherein: The impedance device includes a mass part, an elastic part and a fixed part. The mass part is connected to the fixed part through the elastic part. The fixed part is a hollow structure. The fixed part includes an opening. The elastic part is located at the opening and connected to the fixed part. The elastic part and the fixed part form a cavity. The elastic coefficient of the elastic part in the direction in which the mass part vibrates relative to the fixed part is in the range of 600N / m to 5000N / m.

16. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The connecting member provides a pressure of 0.05N to 3.5N to the vibration unit and the impedance device.

17. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The area of ​​the coupling region between the impedance device and the vibration unit is 0.25 cm 2 ~4cm 2 .

18. The system according to claim 15, wherein: The impedance device includes a damping structure connected to the fixing portion, and the vibration unit is located between the mass portion and the damping structure.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein: The sensor is located at the mass portion or the vibration unit.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein: The sensor includes one or more of a displacement meter, a speed meter, an accelerometer, an air conduction microphone, and a laser sensor.

Images