Oxidizing device for preparing formaldehyde

Abstract

The invention provides an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, and relates to the field of formaldehyde preparation. The oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde comprises an outer barrel shell and a self-cleaning cooling device, a bottom water injection tank is installed at the bottom of the outer barrel shell, a bottom water injection pipeline used for injecting cold water is installed at the bottom of the bottom water injection tank, and a top drainage tank is installed at the top of the outer barrel shell. According to the oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, in the process that a sliding clamping block moves up and down, an inclined surface of a pushing surface can push steam bubbles close to the surface of a cooling outer pipe to flow towards the outer side; therefore, the situation that when steam flows upwards along the position close to the cooling outer pipe, the distance between the steam and the cooling outer pipe is short, and consequently the cooling efficiency of the cooling outer pipe is reduced due to the fact that the cooling outer pipe makes contact with cold water is prevented, the cooling effect is improved, meanwhile, the surfaces of the cooling outer pipe and the outer heat dissipation plate are cleaned, and the cooling efficiency is improved. And when the raw material gas flows again for cooling, the cooling uniformity can be improved under the turbulent flow effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of formaldehyde preparation, in particular to an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde. Background Art

[0002] Formaldehyde is widely used in petrochemical, pharmaceutical, textile, biochemical, energy, transportation and other industries. It can be used as a disinfectant and preservative, and can also be used to prepare phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, hexamine, pentaerythritol and other products.

[0003] The invention patent with application number CN201910666541.0 discloses a high-efficiency formaldehyde oxidizer, which includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder connected in sequence. The first cylinder is provided with a reaction gas inlet, and the second cylinder includes a reaction chamber, a first cooling chamber and a second cooling chamber. The oxidizer cools the gas simultaneously through a sleeve and a finned tube, which speeds up the gas cooling speed and increases the concentration of formaldehyde generated by the reaction.

[0004] During the cooling process, the horizontal placement of the cooling fins on the outer surface of the fin tube affects the flow efficiency of the fin tube and the processing efficiency. In addition, the water in contact with the surface of the fin tube is easily heated during continuous operation and forms a layer of impurities on the surface of the fin tube, which affects the thermal conductivity of the fin tube. During the cooling process, the bubbles generated on the surface of the fin tube will float upward along the surface of the fin tube and near the fin tube. These bubbles are composed of high-temperature steam and are close to the fin tube, which will also affect the cooling effect of the fin tube. When the raw material flows along the fin tube, the raw material close to the fin tube cools down at a high rate, while the raw material far away from the fin tube cools down slowly, resulting in poor cooling uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, which solves the problems of poor cooling uniformity, easy generation of dirt on the surface of fin tubes affecting cooling efficiency, and steam generated by the fin tubes flowing along the fin tubes affecting the cooling efficiency of the fin tubes.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, comprising an outer cylinder shell and a self-cleaning cooling device, a bottom water injection tank is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder shell, a bottom water injection pipe for injecting cold water is installed at the bottom of the bottom water injection tank, a top water drainage box is installed at the top of the outer cylinder shell, a top water drainage pipe for discharging hot water is installed at the top of the top water drainage box, a bottom sealing inner tube rack plate is installed at the bottom position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell, a top sealing inner tube rack plate is installed at the top position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell, and a catalyst for catalytic reaction is installed at the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and below the top sealing inner tube rack plate. A catalyst plate layer is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located below the catalyst plate layer. A top-sealed outer tube rack plate is installed between the top-sealed inner tube rack plate and the top-sealed outer tube rack plate, and a material injection cavity for dispersing gas raw materials is formed. A bottom-sealed outer tube rack plate is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located above the bottom-sealed inner tube rack plate. A material discharge cavity for collecting and discharging cooled gas is formed between the bottom-sealed inner tube rack plate and the bottom-sealed outer tube rack plate. A catalyst plate layer is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located below the top-sealed inner tube rack plate. A separation layer plate is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located above the bottom-sealed outer tube rack plate. A cold water injection cavity for diffusing injected cold water is formed between the sealed outer tube rack plate and the separation layer plate, a cooling cavity for cooling is formed between the top sealed outer tube rack plate and the separation layer plate, a cooling outer tube for heat dissipation is installed between the bottom sealed outer tube rack plate and the top sealed outer tube rack plate, a connecting pipe for introducing cold water from the inside of the cold water injection cavity into the inside of the cooling cavity is installed on the surface of the separation layer plate and at a position outside the cooling outer tube, a self-cleaning cooling device for improving cooling efficiency and having a self-cleaning function is arranged on the outside of the cooling outer tube, and a cooling inner tube for auxiliary cooling from the inside of the cooling outer tube is installed between the bottom sealed inner tube rack plate and the top sealed inner tube rack plate The discharge pipe is installed with the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell and is connected with the inside of the discharge cavity, the injection pipe is installed with the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell and is connected with the inside of the injection cavity, the side water injection pipe is installed with the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell and is connected with the inside of the cold water injection cavity, the side drainage pipe is installed with the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell and is connected with the inside of the cooling cavity, the dividing ring is installed with the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located above the side drainage pipe, the pressure relief exhaust pipe is installed with the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell and is located on the upper side of the dividing ring, the pressure relief exhaust pipe is connected with the inside of the cooling cavity, the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell is installed with a sewage pipe at a position close to the upper side of the dividing plate, and the end of the sewage pipe is installed with a valve that controls the switch during cleaning.

[0009] Preferably, the self-cleaning cooling device comprises an inner heat conducting plate, a first spoiler heat dissipation plate, a second spoiler heat dissipation plate, an outer heat dissipation plate, a sliding block, a lower limit ring seat, a positioning support rod frame, an upper limit ring seat, a toggle rail frame and a power blade. The inner heat conducting plate is installed with the inner wall of the cooling inner tube, the first spoiler heat plate is installed with the outer wall of the cooling inner tube and is located at the inner side of the cooling outer tube, the second spoiler heat plate is installed with the outer wall of the cooling inner tube and is located below the first spoiler heat plate, the outer heat plate is installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube, the sliding block is movably engaged in the gap between adjacent outer heat dissipation plates, and the lower limit ring seat for blocking and limiting the downward movement range of the sliding block is installed on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube and is located at the bottom of the outer heat dissipation plate, the positioning support rod frame is installed with the outer side surface of the sliding block, the upper limit ring seat is rotatably installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube through a bearing and is located above the outer heat dissipation plate, the power blade is installed with the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat, and the top of the toggle rail frame is connected with the upper limit ring seat.

[0010] Preferably, the toggle rail frame is spiral-shaped as a whole, the upper end of the toggle rail frame is bent in a "C" shape, and the top end of the toggle rail frame is installed with the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat.

[0011] Preferably, there are a plurality of outer heat dissipation plates which are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube, and the thickness of the outer heat dissipation plates on the outer side is greater than the thickness on the inner side.

[0012] Preferably, the first spoiler heat sink and the second spoiler heat sink are both spiral-shaped, and the spiral directions of the first spoiler heat sink and the second spoiler heat sink are opposite, a buffer space is arranged between the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink, and the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink are staggered.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding block is matched with the sliding groove formed between adjacent outer heat dissipation plates, and the thickness of the sliding block on the side close to the cooling outer tube is greater than the thickness on the side away from the cooling outer tube.

[0014] Preferably, an upward conical protrusion is provided on the top of the separation layer, and the top end of the connecting pipe extends above the separation layer.

[0015] Preferably, a downward conical protrusion is formed at the bottom of the top sealing outer tube rack plate.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the bottom water injection tank, the bottom of the top water discharge tank, the surface of the bottom sealed inner tube rack plate and the surface of the top sealed inner tube rack plate are all provided with through holes for the cooling inner tubes to circulate.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal plane interface shape of the inner heat conducting plate is “*” shaped.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects

[0019] The present invention provides an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde drives the power blades to rotate through the contact between the upwardly flowing water and the upwardly surging steam and the power blades, and the power blades drive the upper limit ring seat to rotate, and the upper limit ring seat drives the toggle rail frame to rotate. When the toggle rail frame rotates, the sliding block is pushed by the positioning support rod frame to slide upward along the inner side of the outer heat sink, and the surface of the outer cooling tube and the surface of the outer cooling plate are scraped and cleaned by the outer cooling plate sliding upward, so as to prevent the surface of the cooling outer tube and the outer cooling plate from being contaminated and affecting the heat conduction efficiency, thereby affecting the cooling efficiency.

[0021] 2. In the oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, when the raw materials flow between the cooling inner tube and the cooling outer tube, the raw materials are fully mixed and contacted with the cooling inner tube, the cooling outer tube and the first and second spoiler heat sinks for cooling due to the turbulence effect of the first spoiler heat sink and the second spoiler heat sink, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling the raw materials.

[0022] 3. In the oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, the first spoiler heat sink, the second spoiler heat sink and the outer heat sink are all arranged longitudinally, so that the resistance received by the raw material and the coolant when flowing along the longitudinal direction is reduced, thereby increasing the flow speed of the coolant, improving the cooling effect, and also speeding up the flow speed of the raw material, thereby improving the efficiency of transmission and processing.

[0023] 4. In the oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, the reaction gas raw material flows through the injection chamber, cooling chamber, cold water injection chamber and discharge chamber at one time, and contacts with the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate after entering the interior. The four-stage cooling method improves the cooling efficiency and cooling effect.

[0024] 5. In the oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, when the sliding block moves up and down, the inclined surface of the pushing surface will also push the steam bubbles close to the surface of the cooling outer tube to flow outward, thereby preventing the steam from flowing upward along a position close to the cooling outer tube and being close to the cooling outer tube, which affects the contact between the cooling outer tube and cold water and causes the cooling efficiency of the cooling outer tube to decrease, thereby improving the cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-cleaning cooling device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the inner heat conducting plate, the first spoiler heat dissipation plate and the second spoiler heat dissipation plate of the present invention;

[0031] Among them, 1. outer tube shell; 11. bottom sealed inner tube rack plate; 12. top sealed inner tube rack plate; 13. partition plate; 14. top sealed outer tube rack plate; 15. bottom sealed outer tube rack plate; 16. catalyst plate layer; 17. connecting pipe; 2. bottom water injection box; 21. bottom water injection pipeline; 3. top drainage box; 31. top drainage pipeline; 41. discharge chamber; 42. cold water injection chamber; 43. cooling chamber; 44. injection chamber; 51. discharge pipeline; 52. injection pipeline ; 53. Sewage pipe; 54. Side water injection pipe; 55. Side drainage pipe; 56. Pressure relief exhaust pipe; 57. Separation ring; 6. Cooling inner pipe; 7. Cooling outer pipe; 8. Self-cleaning cooling device; 81. Inner heat conduction plate; 82. First spoiler heat sink; 83. Second spoiler heat sink; 84. Outer heat sink; 85. Sliding block; 86. Lower limit ring seat; 87. Positioning support rod frame; 88. Upper limit ring seat; 89. Sliding rail frame; 90. Power blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 6The present invention provides a technical solution: an oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, comprising an outer cylinder shell 1 and a self-cleaning cooling device 8, a bottom water injection tank 2 is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder shell 1, a bottom water injection pipe 21 for injecting cold water is installed at the bottom of the bottom water injection tank 2, a top water discharge tank 3 is installed at the top of the outer cylinder shell 1, a top water discharge pipe 31 for discharging hot water is installed at the top of the top water discharge tank 3, a bottom sealing inner tube rack plate 11 is installed at the bottom position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1, a top sealing inner tube rack plate 12 is installed at the top position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1, a catalyst plate layer 16 for catalytic reaction is installed at the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and below the top sealing inner tube rack plate 12, and a catalyst plate layer 16 for catalytic reaction is installed at the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and below the catalyst plate layer 16 A top sealing outer tube rack plate 14 is installed, and an injection cavity 44 for dispersing gas raw materials is formed between the top sealing inner tube rack plate 12 and the top sealing outer tube rack plate 14. A bottom sealing outer tube rack plate 15 is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and located above the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate 11. A discharge cavity 41 for collecting and discharging the cooled gas is formed between the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate 11 and the bottom sealing outer tube rack plate 15. A catalyst plate layer 16 is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and located below the top sealing inner tube rack plate 12. A separation layer plate 13 is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and located above the bottom sealing outer tube rack plate 15. A cold water injection cavity 41 for diffusing the injected cold water is formed between the bottom sealing outer tube rack plate 15 and the separation layer plate 13. The cooling chamber 43 for cooling is formed between the top sealed outer tube rack plate 14 and the partition plate 13, and a cooling outer tube 7 for heat dissipation is installed between the bottom sealed outer tube rack plate 15 and the top sealed outer tube rack plate 14. A connecting pipe 17 for introducing cold water into the cooling chamber 42 and into the cooling chamber 43 is installed on the surface of the partition plate 13 and located on the outside of the cooling outer tube 7. A self-cleaning cooling device 8 with a self-cleaning function that improves cooling efficiency is provided on the outside of the cooling outer tube 7. A cooling inner tube 6 for auxiliary cooling from the inside of the cooling outer tube 7 is installed between the bottom sealed inner tube rack plate 11 and the top sealed inner tube rack plate 12. An insulating sleeve for heat insulation is provided on the outer wall of the cooling inner tube 6 and located on the upper side of the catalyst plate layer 16, so that the raw material The gas will not be cooled before it reacts. The discharge pipe 51 is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is connected to the inside of the discharge chamber 41. The injection pipe 52 is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is connected to the inside of the injection chamber 44. The side water injection pipe 54 is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is connected to the inside of the cold water injection chamber 42. The side drainage pipe 55 is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is connected to the inside of the cooling chamber 43. The separation ring 57 is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is located above the side drainage pipe 55. The pressure relief exhaust pipe 56 is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 and is located on the upper side of the separation ring 57. The pressure relief exhaust pipe 56 is connected to the inside of the cooling chamber 43. The outer wall of the outer cylinder shell 1 is provided with a sewage pipe 53 at a position close to the upper side of the separation layer plate 13.A valve is installed at the end of the sewage pipe 53 to control the switch during cleaning.

[0034] In this embodiment, the self-cleaning cooling device 8 includes an inner heat conducting plate 81, a first spoiler heat sink 82, a second spoiler heat sink 83, an outer heat sink 84, a sliding block 85, a lower limit ring seat 86, a positioning support rod frame 87, an upper limit ring seat 88, a toggle rail frame 89 and a power blade 90. The inner heat conducting plate 81 is installed with the inner wall of the cooling inner tube 6, the first spoiler heat sink 82 is installed with the outer wall of the cooling inner tube 6 and is located at the inner side of the cooling outer tube 7, the second spoiler heat sink 83 is installed with the outer wall of the cooling inner tube 6 and is located below the first spoiler heat sink 82, and the outer heat sink 84 is installed. 4 is installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube 7, the sliding block 85 is movably connected in the gap between the adjacent outer heat sinks 84, the lower limit ring seat 86 for blocking and limiting the downward movement range of the sliding block 85 is installed on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube 7 and located at the bottom of the outer heat sink 84, the positioning support rod frame 87 is installed with the outer side surface of the sliding block 85, the upper limit ring seat 88 is rotatably installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube 7 and located above the outer heat sink 84 through the bearing, the power blade 90 is installed with the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat 88, and the top of the toggle rail frame 89 is connected with the upper limit ring seat 88.

[0035] Specifically, as attached Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the raw material gas flowing between the cooling inner tube 6 and the cooling outer tube 7 is cooled and lowered by the self-cleaning cooling device 8, and the flowing gas is also disturbed to further improve the uniformity of cooling.

[0036] In this embodiment, the entirety of the toggle rail frame 89 is spiral-shaped, and the upper end of the toggle rail frame 89 is bent in a “C” shape. The top end of the toggle rail frame 89 is mounted on the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat 88 .

[0037] Specifically, as attached Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the toggle rail frame 89 rotates, the sliding block 85 is driven by the positioning support rod frame 87 to slide upward along the inner side of the outer heat dissipation plate 84. When the positioning support rod frame 87 moves to a position close to the top end of the toggle rail frame 89, the positioning support rod frame 87 moves over the toggle rail frame 89 through the C-shaped notch position at the upper end of the toggle rail frame 89, and then the sliding block 85 falls under the action of gravity, thereby causing the sliding block 85 to move up and down repeatedly.

[0038] In this embodiment, there are a number of outer heat dissipation plates 84 which are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube 7 , and the thickness of the outer heat dissipation plates 84 on the outer side is greater than the thickness on the inner side.

[0039] Specifically, as attached Figure 4As shown, the outer opening size of the opening formed by adjacent outer heat dissipation plates 84 is smaller than the inner opening size, and the sliding block 85 is clamped so that the sliding block 85 can only slide up and down along the gap formed by adjacent outer heat dissipation plates 84.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83 are both spiral-shaped, and the spiral directions of the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83 are opposite, a buffer space is arranged between the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink 83, and the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink 83 are staggered.

[0041] Specifically, as attached Figure 6 As shown, the raw gas flowing in the gap between the cooling inner tube 6 and the cooling outer tube 7 will be deflected under the restriction of the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83, thereby achieving the effect of spoiler and improving the uniformity of cooling. The first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83 also increase the contact area with the raw gas for contact cooling, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, the sliding block 85 is matched with the sliding groove formed between the adjacent outer heat dissipation plates 84 , and the thickness of the sliding block 85 on the side close to the cooling outer tube 7 is greater than the thickness on the side away from the cooling outer tube 7 .

[0043] Specifically, as attached Figure 3 As shown, when the sliding block 85 slides, it pushes the dirt and steam bubbles on its moving side to the outside, preventing the dirt from adhering to the surface of the cooling outer tube 7 and the outer heat sink 84, and preventing the steam bubbles from getting close to the cooling outer tube 7, causing the water temperature near the cooling outer tube 7 to rise and affect the cooling effect.

[0044] In this embodiment, an upward conical protrusion is formed on the top of the separation layer plate 13 , and the top end of the connecting pipe 17 extends to the top of the separation layer plate 13 .

[0045] Specifically, as attached Figure 2 As shown, when dirt settles downward, it will flow outward along the conical protrusion on the top of the partition layer 13 to prevent dirt from accumulating in the middle. There are a total of several connecting pipes 17, which are arranged in a circular array on the outside of the cooling outer tube 7. Cooling water is evenly supplied to the outside of the cooling outer tube 7 through the connecting pipe 17. The end of the connecting pipe 17 extends above the partition layer 13 to effectively prevent dirt from entering the inside of the connecting pipe 17 along the surface of the partition layer 13.

[0046] In this embodiment, a downward conical protrusion is formed at the bottom of the top sealing outer tube support plate 14 .

[0047] Specifically, as attached Figure 2As shown, the conical protrusion at the bottom of the top sealing outer tube rack plate 14 allows the steam to automatically diffuse outward after flowing to the top, so that the steam can be discharged through the pressure relief exhaust pipe 56.

[0048] In this embodiment, the top of the bottom water injection tank 2, the bottom of the top water discharge tank 3, the surface of the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate 11 and the surface of the top sealing inner tube rack plate 12 are all provided with through holes for the cooling inner tube 6 to flow.

[0049] Specifically, as attached Figure 2 As shown, the cold water inside the bottom water tank 2 flows into the cooling inner tube 6 through the through hole, and the cooling water flows upward along the cooling inner tube 6 and flows into the top water tank 3 through the through hole on the top to be collected.

[0050] In this embodiment, the horizontal plane interface shape of the inner heat conducting plate 81 is “*” shaped.

[0051] Specifically, as attached Figure 6 As shown, the inner heat conduction plate 81 is provided to increase the contact area between the cooling water flowing inside the cooling inner tube 6 and the cooling inner tube 6 for heat conduction, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cooling inner tube 6.

[0052] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: the cold water supply pipe is connected to the ends of the bottom water injection pipe 21 and the side water injection pipe 54, the hot water recovery pipe is connected to the side drainage pipe 55 and the top drainage pipe 31, the feed pipe of the raw material gas is connected to the injection pipe 52, and the raw material receiving pipe is connected to the discharge pipe 51. The cold water enters the bottom water injection tank 2 through the bottom water injection pipe 21. The cold water in the bottom water injection tank 2 enters the cooling inner pipe 6 upward under the action of pressure and flows upward along the cooling inner pipe 6, and finally enters the top drainage tank 3 upward along the cooling inner pipe 6, and then is discharged through the top drainage pipe 31. The cold water that enters the cold water injection cavity 42 through the side water injection pipe 54 flows upward along the connecting pipe 17 to the cooling cavity 43. The raw gas flows into the interior of the cooling outer tube 7 and flows upward along the outside of the cooling outer tube 7, and is finally discharged outward through the side drainage pipe 55. The high-temperature raw gas is discharged into the interior of the injection cavity 44 through the injection pipe 52. The raw gas contacts downward with the catalyst plate layer 16 for reaction. After the raw gas flows to the bottom of the catalyst plate layer 16, it contacts with the cooling inner tube 6 for preliminary cooling, and then enters the interior of the cooling outer tube 7 through the top of the cooling outer tube 7 and flows downward along the interior of the cooling outer tube 7. When the raw gas flows along the interior of the cooling outer tube 7, it will swirl in two directions under the obstruction of the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83, thereby achieving a spoiler effect, so that the raw gas can fully contact with the cooling inner tube 6, the first spoiler heat sink 82, and the second spoiler heat sink 83 and the surface of the cooling outer tube 7, the raw gas transfers heat to the cooling inner tube 6 through the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83, and then exchanges heat with the water flowing inside the cooling inner tube 6, and the water flowing inside the cooling inner tube 6 absorbs the heat to achieve cooling, and at the same time, the first spoiler heat sink 82 and the second spoiler heat sink 83 will also transfer the heat of the reaction gas to the cooling outer tube 7, and the cooling outer tube 7 transfers the heat to the outer heat sink 84, and the outer heat sink 84 cooperates with the cold water in contact with the outside to conduct heat and cool down, and the water flowing upward on the outside of the cooling outer tube 7 and the upward surging steam contact the power blade 90 to drive the power blade 90 to rotate, and the power blade 90 drives the upper limit The positioning ring seat 88 rotates, and the upper positioning ring seat 88 drives the toggle rail frame 89 to rotate. When the toggle rail frame 89 rotates, the positioning support rod frame 87 pushes the sliding block 85 to slide upward along the inner side of the outer heat sink 84, and the outer heat sink 84 slides upward to scrape and clean the surface of the cooling outer tube 7 and the surface of the outer heat sink 84, thereby preventing the surface of the cooling outer tube 7 and the outer heat sink 84 from being contaminated and affecting the heat conduction efficiency. After the sliding block 85 and the positioning support rod frame 87 move to the top position, they are separated from the support of the toggle rail frame 89 through the C-shaped bending position of the toggle rail frame 89, so that the sliding block 85 falls. During the up and down movement of the sliding block 85, the inclined surface of the pushing surface will also push the steam bubbles close to the surface of the cooling outer tube 7 to flow outward.This prevents the steam from flowing upwards near the cooling outer tube 7 due to the short distance to the cooling outer tube 7, which affects the contact between the cooling outer tube 7 and the cold water, resulting in a reduction in the cooling efficiency of the cooling outer tube 7. The raw gas cooled by the self-cleaning cooling device 8 continues to flow downwards to the cold water injection chamber 42, and the cooling outer tube 7 is cooled again by the low-temperature cold water inside the cold water injection chamber 42. The cooled raw gas enters the discharge chamber 41, and is cooled again by the cooling inner tube 6 inside the discharge chamber 41 and the cold water inside the cooling inner tube 6. The raw gas after cooling in the discharge chamber 41 is discharged through the discharge pipe 51.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde, comprising an outer cylinder shell (1) and a self-cleaning cooling device (8), characterized in that: A bottom water injection tank (2) is installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder shell (1), a bottom water injection pipe (21) for injecting cold water is installed at the bottom of the bottom water injection tank (2), a top water discharge tank (3) is installed at the top of the top water discharge tank (3), a top water discharge pipe (31) for discharging hot water is installed, a bottom sealing inner tube rack plate (11) is installed at the bottom position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (1), a top sealing inner tube rack plate (12) is installed at the top position of the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (1), a catalyst plate layer (16) for catalytic reaction is installed at a position below the top sealing inner tube rack plate (12) on the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (1), and the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell (1) is located at the catalyst plate layer A top sealing outer tube rack plate (14) is installed at a position below the top sealing inner tube rack plate (16), and an injection cavity (44) for dispersing gas raw materials is formed between the top sealing inner tube rack plate (12) and the top sealing outer tube rack plate (14). A bottom sealing outer tube rack plate (15) is installed on the inner wall of the outer tube shell (1) and at a position above the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate (11). A discharge cavity (41) for collecting and discharging cooled gas is formed between the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate (11) and the bottom sealing outer tube rack plate (15). A catalyst plate layer (16) is installed on the inner wall of the outer tube shell (1) and at a position below the top sealing inner tube rack plate (12). The inner wall of the outer tube shell (1) and at a position above the bottom sealing outer tube rack plate (15) A partition plate (13) is installed at a position on the side of the bottom sealed outer tube rack plate (15), a cold water injection cavity (42) for diffusing injected cold water is formed between the bottom sealed outer tube rack plate (15) and the partition plate (13), a cooling cavity (43) for cooling is formed between the top sealed outer tube rack plate (14) and the partition plate (13), a cooling outer tube (7) for heat dissipation is installed between the bottom sealed outer tube rack plate (15) and the top sealed outer tube rack plate (14), a connecting pipe (17) for introducing cold water in the cold water injection cavity (42) into the cooling cavity (43) is installed on the surface of the partition plate (13) and at a position outside the cooling outer tube (7), and a self-cleaning device for improving cooling efficiency and having a self-cleaning function is provided on the outside of the cooling outer tube (7). A clean cooling device (8), wherein a cooling inner tube (6) for auxiliary cooling from the inner side of the cooling outer tube (7) is installed between the bottom sealing inner tube rack plate (11) and the top sealing inner tube rack plate (12); a discharge pipe (51) is installed on the outer wall of the outer tube shell (1) and is in communication with the inside of the discharge cavity (41); an injection pipe (52) is installed on the outer wall of the outer tube shell (1) and is in communication with the inside of the injection cavity (44); a side water injection pipe (54) is installed on the outer wall of the outer tube shell (1) and is in communication with the inside of the cold water injection cavity (42); a side drainage pipe (55) is installed on the outer wall of the outer tube shell (1) and is in communication with the inside of the cooling cavity (43); a partition ring (57) is installed on the inner wall of the outer tube shell (1) and is located above the side drainage pipe (55);A pressure relief exhaust pipe (56) is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell (1) and located above the separation ring (57); the pressure relief exhaust pipe (56) is in communication with the interior of the cooling chamber (43); a sewage pipe (53) is installed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder shell (1) and located close to the upper side of the separation layer plate (13); a valve for controlling the switch during cleaning is installed at the end of the sewage pipe (53).

2. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning cooling device (8) comprises an inner heat conducting plate (81), a first spoiler heat sink (82), a second spoiler heat sink (83), an outer heat sink (84), a sliding block (85), a lower limit ring seat (86), a positioning support rod frame (87), an upper limit ring seat (88), a toggle rail frame (89) and a power blade (90), wherein the inner heat conducting plate (81) is mounted on the inner wall of the cooling inner tube (6), the first spoiler heat sink (82) is mounted on the outer wall of the cooling inner tube (6) and is located on the inner side of the cooling outer tube (7), the second spoiler heat sink (83) is mounted on the outer wall of the cooling inner tube (6) and is located below the first spoiler heat sink (82), and the outer heat sink (84) is mounted on the outer wall of the cooling inner tube (6) and is located below the first spoiler heat sink (82). 4) is installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube (7), the sliding block (85) is movably engaged in the gap between the adjacent outer heat sinks (84), a lower limit ring seat (86) for blocking and limiting the downward movement range of the sliding block (85) is installed on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube (7) and is located at the bottom of the outer heat sink (84), the positioning support rod frame (87) is installed with the outer side surface of the sliding block (85), the upper limit ring seat (88) is rotatably installed with the outer wall of the cooling outer tube (7) and is located above the outer heat sink (84) through a bearing, the power blade (90) is installed with the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat (88), and the top of the toggle rail frame (89) is connected to the upper limit ring seat (88).

3. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 2, characterized in that: The toggle rail frame (89) is spiral-shaped as a whole, and the upper end of the toggle rail frame (89) is bent in a "C" shape, and the top end of the toggle rail frame (89) is mounted on the outer wall of the upper limit ring seat (88).

4. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of external heat dissipation plates (84) which are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the cooling outer tube (7); the thickness of the external heat dissipation plates (84) on the outer side is greater than the thickness on the inner side.

5. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first spoiler heat sink (82) and the second spoiler heat sink (83) are both spiral-shaped, and the spiral directions of the first spoiler heat sink (82) and the second spoiler heat sink (83) are opposite, a buffer space is provided between the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink (82) and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink (83), and the bottom end of the first spoiler heat sink (82) and the top end of the second spoiler heat sink (83) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding block (85) is adapted to fit into a sliding groove formed between adjacent outer heat dissipation plates (84), and the thickness of the sliding block (85) on a side close to the cooling outer tube (7) is greater than the thickness on a side away from the cooling outer tube (7).

7. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the separation layer plate (13) is provided with an upward conical protrusion, and the top end of the connecting pipe (17) extends above the separation layer plate (13).

8. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the top sealing outer tube rack plate (14) is provided with a downward conical protrusion.

9. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bottom water injection tank (2), the bottom of the top water discharge tank (3), the surface of the bottom sealed inner tube rack plate (11) and the surface of the top sealed inner tube rack plate (12) are all provided with through holes for the cooling inner tube (6) to circulate.

10. An oxidizer for preparing formaldehyde according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal plane interface shape of the inner heat conducting plate (81) is in the shape of a "*".

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