Green ecological bottom protection structure and its construction method in strong scour basin

Abstract

The present invention discloses a green ecological bottom protection structure for a strongly scour basin and a construction method thereof, comprising a protection base, wherein the protection base is a prism structure which is small at the top and large at the bottom, a groove is provided at the bottom of the protection base, at least one through hole is provided at the top of the protection base, and the through hole is connected to the groove, guide plates are provided on both sides of the top of the protection base, a plurality of support plates are connected between each guide plate and the side end of the top surface of the corresponding side of the protection base, a flow blocking component is provided on each side end surface of the protection base, the flow blocking component is movably connected to the side end of the protection base, and the flow blocking components thereon can abut against each other when two protection bases are spliced, thereby shielding the splicing seam, the present invention adopts a plurality of protection bases which are buckled on the river bottom and connected to each other to form a protection surface, the modular design is simple to install, and the guide plates and support plates at different positions and angles on the protection surface form different grid-destroying flow states, thereby reducing the direct scouring of the riverbed by the water flow, and is suitable for a strongly scour basin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, in particular to a green ecological bottom protection structure for a strongly scour basin and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Strong scouring basins, such as mountain rivers and debris flow channels, often lead to riverbed cutting, slope instability, ecological environment deterioration and other problems due to their rapid flow, high sand content and strong scouring force. Among the conventional bottom protection structures, geotextile solutions such as sand rib soft row are widely used. However, in strong scouring basins, this solution has the following prominent problems:

[0003] 1. The construction is difficult and costly: it is greatly affected by the water flow velocity. In order to ensure the construction quality, the soft panels are overlapped more, which increases the construction difficulty and the cost of measures.

[0004] 2. Poor durability and easy to damage: After the construction is completed, it is easy to be damaged by the anchoring of passing ships, causing sand loss and failure of the soft bottom protection. In addition, the maintenance amount during the service period is relatively large, which makes it difficult to meet the long-term protection needs of strong erosion basins.

[0005] 3. Insufficient anti-scouring ability: The strength is generally low, and it is difficult to resist strong water flow and sediment scouring, and the effect on the restoration and improvement of river ecosystem is limited. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green ecological bottom protection structure for a strongly scour basin and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a green ecological bottom protection structure for a strongly eroded watershed, including a protection base, the protection base is a prism structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, a groove is provided at the bottom of the protection base, and at least one through hole is provided at the top of the protection base, and the through hole is connected to the groove, guide plates are provided on both sides of the top of the protection base, and a plurality of support plates are connected between each guide plate and the side end of the top surface of the corresponding side of the protection base, and each side end surface of the protection base is provided with a flow blocking component, and the flow blocking component is movably connected to the side end of the protection base, and when two protection bases are spliced, the flow blocking components thereon can abut against each other, thereby shielding the splicing seam.

[0008] Furthermore, the baffle assembly includes a baffle plate and a torsion spring, the side end surface of the protective base is provided with a groove adapted to the baffle plate, the upper end of the baffle plate is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the groove, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the groove, and the other end is fixed on the baffle plate, so that the baffle plate maintains a certain angle with the groove in the initial position, and the reset function is realized by the torsion spring, and the bottom edge of the protective base is fixedly connected with a rubber sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of sedimentation holes are provided at the top of the protective base, a plurality of connecting rods are connected to the bottom end of each of the sedimentation holes, a stopper is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod, the support plates on the corresponding side of the protective base are arranged at intervals, and the side areas of the support plates form a space for aquatic organisms to rest, and the sedimentation holes are provided between two adjacent support plates.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing block is provided in the middle of the slot, a cone is provided at the bottom of the fixing block, the top edge of the fixing block is connected to the inner walls of each side of the bottom end of the protective base through a plurality of elastic ropes, and the fixing block moves under the action of the elastic ropes.

[0011] Furthermore, a lifting block is provided in the middle of the top of the fixed block, the through hole is penetrated in the middle of the top of the protective base, and the lifting block is adapted to the through hole. The lifting block can vertically move through the through hole, and the lifting block can be connected to the lifting equipment by electromagnetic adsorption, vacuum adsorption or mechanical clamping. If electromagnetic adsorption is adopted, the lifting block is supported by magnetically absorbable materials; if vacuum adsorption is adopted, the top surface of the lifting block is a smooth surface.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of arc-shaped plates are arranged around the side of the through hole, and the arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected to the top surface of the protective base.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of placement grooves are provided at the side ends of the fixed block, and the placement grooves are used to place seeds of submerged plants. The top of the protective base is made of a transparent material, and the transparent material is polycarbonate. Polycarbonate has high light transmittance, high impact resistance and corrosion resistance, can provide sufficient light for underwater plants, and can withstand water flow impact and gravel collision.

[0014] The specific construction method of the present invention comprises:

[0015] Step S1, using a sonar or laser scanner to scan and survey the riverbed site to determine the laying range and path of the bottom protection structure;

[0016] Step S2, prefabricate the bottom protection structure and transport it to the deployment site by a crane ship;

[0017] Step S3, designing according to the terrain data, hoisting the bottom protection structure and placing it at a predetermined position on the riverbed;

[0018] Step S4, placing the protective layer in all paving areas according to the design and connecting adjacent bottom protection structures to form a protective surface.

[0019] Furthermore, during the placement process of step S3, the position and angle of the bottom protection structure are adjusted in real time by sensors, so that two adjacent bottom protection structures are placed in different directions.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention adopts multiple protective bases which are inverted on the riverbed and connected to each other to form a protective surface. The prism structure of the protective base can effectively disperse the impact force of the water flow, and the protective base has the advantage of high strength. It is less prone to damage than traditional geotextiles. At the same time, the guide plates and support plates at different positions and angles on the protective surface form different grid destruction flow states, which reduces the direct scouring of the riverbed by the water flow and significantly improves the anti-scouring ability. It is suitable for strong scouring basins.

[0022] 2. The inverted design of the guard base of the present invention enables it to be naturally embedded in the riverbed mud. Combined with the design of the fixed block and the cone being inserted into the mud during lifting, a stable anchoring effect can be formed. Multiple guard bases are connected to each other, and the connection is protected by a baffle, which further enhances the stability of the overall structure and can withstand the impact of strong water flow.

[0023] 3. The external and internal designs of the protective base provide growth and habitat space for underwater plants and organisms, promoting the recovery and balance of the ecosystem. At the same time, the light transmittance of the protective base and the connectivity of the through holes ensure that the plants can obtain sufficient light and dissolved oxygen while protecting the underwater plants.

[0024] 4. The bottom protection structure is simple to construct and adopts modular design, which is easy to transport, install and maintain. The damage of a single bottom protection base will not affect the stability of the overall structure. It is suitable for various complex water flow conditions and riverbed terrains. The size and arrangement of the bottom protection base can be adjusted according to actual needs, and it has strong adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a top schematic diagram of the bottom protection structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a bottom schematic diagram of the bottom protection structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a front view of the bottom protection structure of the present invention in a hoisting state;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view of the assembled state of the bottom protection structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a top view of the assembled state of the bottom protection structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, the protective base 1, the slot 2, the through hole 3, the guide plate 4, the support plate 5, the baffle plate 6, the groove 7, the settlement hole 8, the connecting rod 10, the block 11, the arc plate 12, the fixing block 13, the cone 14, the elastic rope 15, the lifting block 16, and the placement groove 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the green ecological bottom protection structure for a strongly scour basin comprises a protective base 1, which is a prism structure with a small upper part and a large lower part. A groove 2 is provided at the bottom of the protective base 1, and at least one through hole 3 is provided at the top of the protective base 1, and the through hole 3 is connected with the groove 2. Guide plates 4 are provided on both sides of the top of the protective base 1, and a number of support plates 5 are connected between each guide plate 4 and the side end of the top surface of the corresponding side of the protective base 1. A flow blocking component is provided on each side end surface of the protective base 1, and the flow blocking component is movably connected to the side end of the protective base 1. When two protective bases 1 are spliced, the flow blocking components thereon can abut against each other, thereby covering the splicing seam.

[0033] In this embodiment, the baffle assembly includes a baffle plate 6 and a torsion spring. A groove 7 adapted to the baffle plate 6 is provided on the side end surface of the protective base 1. A rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the baffle plate 6. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the groove 7. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the groove 7, and the other end is fixed to the baffle plate 6, so that the baffle plate 6 maintains a certain angle with the groove 7 in the initial position, and the reset function is realized by the torsion spring, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the protective base 1;

[0034] The upper and lower large structure of the guard base 1 enables it to be buckled on the mud to support its own stability, and when being put into use, the guard base 1 can slide down along the adjacent guard base 1 inclined surface to prevent vertical dislocation, and at the same time, when the guard base 1 slides to the baffle 6 of the adjacent guard base 1, it will press down the baffle 6 to make it turn into the groove 7, which will not affect the sliding of the guard base 1, and after sliding down and leaving the baffle 6, the baffle 6 will be reset under the action of the torsion spring and abut against the baffle 6 of the guard base 1, thereby shielding the joint seam of the two guard bases 1 to avoid the problem of separation caused by direct impact of water flow on the joint seam, and the role of the rubber sleeve is not only to prevent damage to the guard base 1 during sliding, but also to play a flexible locking effect, and the elastic abutment of the rubber pads on both sides can prevent water flow from entering the joint seam, thereby enhancing the stability of the joint seam.

[0035] In this embodiment, a plurality of sinking holes 8 are provided at the top of the protective base 1, and a plurality of connecting rods 10 are connected to the bottom of each sinking hole 8, and a stopper 11 is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod 10. The support plates 5 on the corresponding side of the protective base 1 are arranged at intervals, and the side areas of the support plates 5 form a space for aquatic organisms to rest. A sinking hole 8 is provided between two adjacent support plates 5, and the side areas of the support plates 5 can play the role of ecological fish reefs. Fish can avoid water flow and rest in the grid, and the excrement produced by the fish when resting can flow from the sinking hole 8 into the slot 2, thereby providing nutrients for the plants in the protective base 1;

[0036] During the process of hoisting and sinking the guard base 1 into the water, the air in the groove 2 can be quickly discharged through the sedimentation hole 8 above, so that the external water can quickly enter the groove 2, reducing the water resistance, thereby accelerating the sinking speed of the guard base 1 and improving the construction efficiency. At the same time, it also avoids the defect that the guard base 1 will tilt due to uneven air pressure if the air is only discharged through the bottom of the groove 2. After the guard base 1 is buckled on the silt and completed, the block 11 can prevent the raised silt from flowing out of the sedimentation hole 8, and can also prevent the water flow from directly impacting the silt through the sedimentation hole 8.

[0037] In this embodiment, a fixing block 13 is provided in the middle of the slot 2, a cone 14 is provided at the bottom of the fixing block 13, and the top edge of the fixing block 13 is connected to the inner walls of each side of the bottom end of the protective base 1 through a plurality of elastic ropes 15, and the fixing block 13 moves under the action of the elastic ropes 15.

[0038] In this embodiment, a lifting block 16 is provided in the middle of the top of the fixed block 13, a through hole 3 is penetrated in the middle of the top of the protective base 1, and the lifting block 16 is adapted to the through hole 3, the lifting block 16 can move vertically through the through hole 3, the lifting block 16 can be connected to the lifting equipment by electromagnetic adsorption, vacuum adsorption or mechanical clamping, a plurality of placement grooves 17 are provided at the side end of the fixed block 13, the placement grooves 17 are used to place seeds or plants of submerged plants (such as Vallisneria, etc.), and the top of the protective base 1 is made of transparent material.

[0039] During hoisting, the hoisting part of the hoisting equipment is passed through the through hole 3 and connected to the hoisting block 16. During hoisting, the guard base 1 will move under its own weight, and the fixed block 13 will move upward relatively, so that the top will abut against the bottom of the through groove. At the same time, the hoisting block 16 moves upward and passes through the through hole 3, and the elastic rope 15 will be stretched due to the movement of the fixed block 13 relative to the guard base 1. When it is dropped at the predetermined location, after the guard base 1 is buckled on the river bottom, the hoisting equipment releases the hoisting, and the fixed block 13 is reset under the action of the rebound force of the elastic rope 15, so that the fixed block 13 and the cone 14 are inserted into the river bottom mud under the action of the rebound force and its own counterweight, which enhances the anchoring effect and ensures that the guard base 1 remains stable under the impact of water flow; if it needs to be recovered and replaced, the hoisting equipment passes through the through hole 3 and reconnects the hoisting block 16, pulls up the fixed block 13, separates it from the mud, and continues to rise to recover the guard base 1.

[0040] When the fixing block 13 and the cone 14 move under the action of the rebound force, the seeds in the placement groove 17 will vibrate, so that the seeds will leave the placement grass and fall into the silt to grow mixedly, and under the protection of the protective base 1, they can be prevented from being washed away by the water flow. At the same time, after the lifting block 16 is detached from the lifting, the through hole 3 will be opened, so that when the protective base 1 is buckled on the river bottom, the space inside and outside the protective base 1 is in a connected state, so that the internal and external river water can be exchanged, thereby providing oxygen for the growth of plants. The top of the protective base 1 is made of transparent material with good light transmittance, which can The light intensity required for plant growth is ensured, and when the plants grow, their fibrous roots may be entangled on the elastic rope 15 and the fixing block 13 to form a "root grid", thereby binding the protective base 1 and the lower silt as a whole to improve the stabilization effect; the device uses the protective base 1 to provide a stable space for plant growth at the bottom of the river in a strong scour basin, which can reduce the direct impact of water flow on seedlings and improve the success rate of planting. The setting of the through hole 3 provides a habitat for benthic animals (such as snails and chironomid larvae), promotes material circulation, and helps to restore the ecology.

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of arc plates 12 are arranged around the side of the through hole 3, and the arc plates 12 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the protective base 1. The design of the arc plates 12 can further change the direction of the water flow and disperse the water flow, thereby preventing the water flow from flushing into the through hole 3 and causing the movement of sediment.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a construction method for the construction of the above-mentioned bottom protection structure, the construction method comprising:

[0043] Step S1, scanning and surveying the riverbed on site to determine the laying range and path of the bottom protection structure;

[0044] Step S2, prefabricate the bottom protection structure and transport it to the deployment site by a crane ship;

[0045] Step S3, designing according to the terrain data, hoisting the bottom protection structure and placing it at a predetermined position on the riverbed;

[0046] Step S4, placing the protective layer in all paving areas according to the design and connecting adjacent bottom protection structures to form a protective surface.

[0047] During the deployment process of step S3, the position and angle of the bottom protection structure are adjusted in real time by sensors, and two adjacent bottom protection structures are placed in different directions. The guide plates 4 and support plates 5 at different angles and positions on the plane can form an irregular grid, thereby destroying the flow state, dispersing the water flow pressure, and reducing scouring.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The green ecological bottom protection structure of the strong scour basin is characterized by: The protective base comprises a prism structure with a small top and a large bottom, a slot is provided at the bottom of the protective base, at least one through hole is provided at the top of the protective base, and the through hole is connected to the slot, guide plates are provided on both sides of the top of the protective base, and a plurality of support plates are connected between each guide plate and the side end of the top surface of the corresponding side of the protective base, and each side end surface of the protective base is provided with a flow blocking component, and the flow blocking component is movably connected to the side end of the protective base, and when two protective bases are spliced, the flow blocking components thereon can abut against each other, thereby covering the splicing seam; A fixing block is provided in the middle of the slot, a cone is provided at the bottom of the fixing block, the top edge of the fixing block is connected to the inner walls of the side surfaces of the bottom end of the protective base through a plurality of elastic ropes, the fixing block moves under the action of the elastic ropes, a hanging block is provided in the middle of the top of the fixing block, the through hole is penetrated through the middle of the top of the protective base, and the hanging block is adapted to the through hole, the hanging block can be vertically moved through the through hole, the hanging block can be connected to the hanging equipment by electromagnetic adsorption, vacuum adsorption or mechanical clamping, a plurality of arc plates are arranged around the side of the through hole, the arc plates are fixedly connected to the top surface of the protective base, a plurality of placement grooves are provided on the side end of the fixing block, the placement grooves are used to place seeds of submerged plants, and the top of the protective base is made of transparent material.

2. The green ecological bottom protection structure for a strong scour basin according to claim 1 is characterized by: The baffle assembly includes a baffle plate and a torsion spring. A groove matched with the baffle plate is provided on the side end surface of the protective base. A rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the baffle plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the groove. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the groove, and the other end is fixed to the baffle plate, so that the baffle plate maintains a certain angle with the groove in the initial position, and a reset function is realized by the torsion spring, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the protective base.

3. The green ecological bottom protection structure for a strong scour basin according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of sedimentation holes are provided at the top of the protective base, a plurality of connecting rods are connected to the bottom end of each of the sedimentation holes, a stopper is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod, the support plates on the corresponding side of the protective base are arranged at intervals, and the side areas of the support plates form a space for aquatic organisms to rest, and the sedimentation holes are provided between two adjacent support plates.

4. A construction method, characterized in that: Used for the construction of the bottom protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the construction method comprises: Step S1, scanning and surveying the riverbed on site to determine the laying range and path of the bottom protection structure; Step S2, prefabricate the bottom protection structure and transport it to the deployment site by a crane ship; Step S3, designing according to the terrain data, hoisting the bottom protection structure and placing it at a predetermined position on the riverbed; Step S4, placing the protective layer in all paving areas according to the design and connecting adjacent bottom protection structures to form a protective surface.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the placing process of step S3, the position and angle of the bottom protection structure are adjusted in real time by sensors, so that two adjacent bottom protection structures are placed in different directions.

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