Modeling method for wind oxidation area of strip mine

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind oxidation area modeling method for a strip mine, and aims to solve the technical problems of wind oxidation of a wind oxidation area, a coal-free area and a local coal seam in a mining area, guide mining design, reduce invalid stripping and the like, and adopts the technical scheme that the wind oxidation area modeling method comprises the following steps of: defining a database structure; the method comprises the following steps: establishing a geological database, determining a weathering interface and an oxidation interface, virtualizing a wind oxidation surface, establishing a wind oxidation surface model and a coal seam surface model, performing Boolean mathematical operation on the wind oxidation surface model and the coal seam surface model, and drawing a coal seam thickness contour line; by means of the method for constructing the virtual weathering oxidation interface, the coal seam thickness boundary contour line with the mining value can be reasonably controlled, invalid stripping of the wind oxidation area of the mining area is reduced, the production cost is saved, and the economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular relates to a method for modeling a wind-oxidized area of ​​an open-pit mine. Background Art

[0002] The wind-oxidized area of ​​coal seams is often affected by a variety of geological factors, such as geological structure, groundwater activity, surface conditions, etc. In the process of geological modeling, accurately identifying and describing these factors and their impact on the wind oxidation of coal seams is the key to ensuring the accuracy of the geological model. By controlling the wind-oxidized area of ​​coal seams, the preservation state and mining conditions of coal seams can be more effectively predicted, providing a reliable geological basis for subsequent coal mining.

[0003] The geological model is not only the basis of coal mining, but also an important tool for optimizing mining planning. In geological modeling, if the control of coal seam wind oxidation area is ignored, it may lead to unreasonable mining planning, which in turn affects the production efficiency and safety of coal mines. Therefore, by accurately controlling the coal seam wind oxidation area, the mining layout can be optimized, the safety hazards in the mining process can be avoided, and the overall economic benefits of the coal mine can be improved.

[0004] In the past, geological modeling did not consider the impact of coal seam weathering and oxidation on mining and production. Geological modeling not only focuses on the spatial distribution and morphology of coal seams, but also on the quality and availability of coal seams. By controlling the wind oxidation area of ​​coal seams, the quality and utilization value of coal seams can be more accurately evaluated, providing a scientific basis for the rational use of coal resources. This will help achieve the sustainable development and utilization of coal resources and promote the green development of the coal industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method for modeling the wind oxidation area of ​​an open-pit mine.

[0006] In order to solve this technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for modeling a wind-oxidized area in an open-pit mine comprises the following steps: Step 1) Define the database structure and establish a geological database Step 1.1) Collect and organize original drilling data: obtain the location, depth, lithology description, location of coal seam roof and floor, weathered layer and oxidized layer information of the drilling hole; Step 1.2) Define the database structure: The database structure includes three tables: positioning table, inclinometer table and lithology table; The positioning table describes the borehole position and depth, the inclination table describes the borehole inclination, and the lithology table describes the lithology position and weathering layer position; Step 1.3) Use geological modeling software: organize the raw data into an EXCEL table and use the geological modeling software to import the data into the geological database; Step 2): Determine the weathering interface and oxidation interface, and virtualize the weathering oxidation surface In mining geological modeling, weathering interface and oxidation interface are two important concepts; The weathering interface refers to the boundary where rocks and coal seams below the surface are affected by weathering. All rock and coal seams above this interface are weathered. The oxidation interface is below the weathering interface. The coal seams above this interface are considered oxidized coal. Neither weathered nor oxidized coal has utilization value. The weathering interface, oxidation interface and the oxidation zone between them are virtualized as a wind-oxidized surface, and the theoretical coal seam entity is separated into two parts: the coal seam above the wind-oxidized surface is considered to be wind-oxidized coal, and the coal seam below the wind-oxidized surface is considered to be coal with mining value; Step 3): Establish wind oxidation surface model and coal surface model Step 3.1) Extracting the bottom interface data of the wind-oxidized surface: extracting all bottom interface data points related to the wind-oxidized surface from the geological database described in step 1); Step 3.2) Establishing a wind-oxidized surface model: The bottom interface data points extracted in step 3.1) are used for Kriging interpolation modeling using the modeling software grid estimation to generate a three-dimensional surface model of the wind-oxidized surface. The interpolation adopts the uniform grid + control point method, and the established surface is smooth and passes through the control points; Step 3.3) Establish a coal seam surface model: Use the top and bottom data points of the coal seam and use the modeling software grid estimation to perform Kriging interpolation to establish a coal seam surface model; the coal seam "surface model" refers to the top, bottom and plate surface model of the original coal seam, including weathering and oxidation layers; Step 4): Perform Boolean mathematical operations on the wind oxidation surface model and the coal seam surface model Step 4.1) Perform Boolean operations on the wind-oxidized surface A, the coal seam roof surface B, and the coal seam bottom surface C respectively and take the lower cutting surface; The wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam roof surface B are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D1 coal seam roof cutting surface, and the wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam bottom surface C are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D2 coal seam bottom cutting surface; Step 4.2) Use the cut coal seam roof surface D1 and bottom surface D2 to perform mathematical calculations to obtain the normal coal seam thickness surface, that is, the good coal seam thickness surface model E=D1-D2 after removing the wind-oxidized coal; Step 4.3) The thickness surface model of the good coal seam after removing the wind-oxidized coal obtained in step 4.2) is used to generate thickness contour lines using modeling software to intuitively display the distribution of the coal seam.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 2), the weathered layer and the oxidized layer are determined by any one of borehole logging, geophysical logging or coal seam sampling and testing.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can reasonably control the weathering interface and the oxidation interface by constructing a virtual weathering and oxidation surface, establish a fast, intuitive and accurate geological model to guide production, reduce ineffective stripping in the wind-oxidized area of ​​the mining area, save production costs and improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is the entry drilling data table of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wind oxidation surface of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the Boolean operation performed when the wind oxidation surface of the present invention passes through the coal seam.

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the wind oxidation surface above the coal seam of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the wind oxidation surface under the coal seam of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a coal seam thickness contour map obtained by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] 1. A method for modeling wind oxidation areas in open-pit mines, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1) Define the database structure and establish a geological database Step 1.1) Collect and organize original drilling data: obtain the location, depth, lithology description, location of coal seam roof and floor, weathered layer and oxidized layer information of the drilling hole; Step 1.2) Define the database structure: The database structure includes three tables: positioning table, inclinometer table and lithology table; The positioning table describes the borehole position and depth, the inclination table describes the borehole inclination, and the lithology table describes the lithology position and weathering layer position; Step 1.3) Use geological modeling software: Organize the raw data into an EXCEL table and use the geological modeling software to import the data into the geological database, such as Figure 1 As shown; Step 2): Determine the weathering interface and oxidation interface, and virtualize the weathering oxidation surface Due to structural and topographical reasons, the overlying rock layers in the mining area are weathered, and the upper layers or even the entire layers in some areas are oxidized by wind. In the geological modeling of mining areas, weathering interface and oxidation interface are two important concepts; The weathering interface refers to the boundary where rocks and coal seams below the surface are affected by weathering. All rock and coal seams above this interface are weathered. The oxidation interface is below the weathering interface. The coal seams above this interface are considered oxidized coal. Neither weathered nor oxidized coal has utilization value. The borehole recording method is used to determine the weathering layer and oxidation layer, and the weathering interface, oxidation interface and the oxidation zone between the two are virtualized as a wind oxidation surface, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the coal seam entity is separated into two parts: the coal seam above the wind oxidation surface is considered to be wind-oxidized coal, and the coal seam below the wind oxidation surface is considered to be coal with mining value; Step 3): Establish wind oxidation surface model and coal surface model Step 3.1) Extracting the bottom interface data of the wind-oxidized surface: extracting all bottom interface data points related to the wind-oxidized surface from the geological database described in step 1); Step 3.2) Establishing a wind-oxidized surface model: The bottom interface data points extracted in step 3.1) are used for Kriging interpolation modeling using the modeling software grid estimation to generate a three-dimensional surface model of the wind-oxidized surface. The interpolation adopts the uniform grid + control point method, and the established surface is smooth and passes through the control points; Step 3.3) Establish a coal seam surface model: Use the top and bottom data points of the coal seam and use the modeling software grid estimation to perform Kriging interpolation to establish a coal seam surface model; the coal seam "surface model" refers to the top, bottom and plate surface model of the original coal seam, including weathering and oxidation layers; Step 4): Perform Boolean mathematical operations on the wind oxidation surface model and the coal seam surface model Step 4.1) Perform Boolean operations on the wind-oxidized surface A, the coal seam roof surface B, and the coal seam bottom surface C respectively and take the lower cutting surface; The wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam roof surface B are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D1 coal seam roof cutting surface, and the wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam bottom surface C are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D2 coal seam bottom cutting surface; Step 4.2) Use the cut coal seam roof surface D1 and bottom surface D2 to perform mathematical calculations to obtain the normal coal seam thickness surface, that is, the good coal seam thickness surface model E=D1-D2 after removing the wind-oxidized coal; like Figure 3As shown, when the wind-oxidized surface A passes through the coal seam, the wind-oxidized surface A is used to perform Boolean operations with the coal seam roof surface B and the coal seam bottom surface C to obtain the coal seam roof cutting surface D1 and the coal seam bottom cutting surface D2. Then, the thickness of the good coal seam after removing the wind-oxidized coal is E=D1-D2; like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the coal seam roof surface B and the coal seam bottom surface C are both located below the wind oxidation surface A, the coal seam is considered to be worth mining, and the thickness of the coal seam is E=BC; By applying this model, we can know that the wind oxidation surface A is used to perform Boolean operations with the coal seam roof surface B and the coal seam bottom surface C to obtain the coal seam roof cutting surface D1=B and the coal seam bottom cutting surface D2=C, then the thickness of the coal seam E=D1-D2=BC. It can be seen that the calculation results of the model are the same as the actual situation; like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, when the coal seam roof surface B and the coal seam bottom surface C are both located above the wind oxidation surface A, the coal seam is considered to be weathered and oxidized coal and has no utilization value; By applying this model, we can know that the wind oxidation surface A and the coal seam roof surface B and coal seam bottom surface C are respectively subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the coal seam roof cutting surface D1=A and coal seam bottom cutting surface D2=A, then the thickness of the coal seam E= D1-D2=AA=0, which means that the coal seam has no utilization value at this time. It can be seen that the calculation result of the model is the same as the actual situation; The wind oxidation interface can be determined through comprehensive judgments such as drilling records, geophysical logging, and coal seam sampling and testing. The boundary of the wind oxidation area can be reasonably controlled through the method of virtual wind oxidation surface, and the application effect is significant.

[0017] Step 4.3) The thickness surface model of the good coal seam after removing the wind-oxidized coal obtained in step 4.2) is used to generate thickness contour lines using modeling software to intuitively display the distribution of the coal seam.

[0018] In step 2), the weathered layer and the oxidized layer can be determined by either geophysical logging or coal seam sampling and testing.

[0019] Through the above steps, the geological model of the wind oxidation area of ​​the open-pit mine can be effectively established, providing a scientific basis for the mining and management of the mine.

[0020] like Figure 6 As shown: the yellow area is the wind oxidation area (i.e. full-layer wind oxidation) and the thickness of good coal gradually increases from 0 meters (i.e. local wind oxidation).

Claims

1. A method for modeling wind oxidation areas in open-pit mines, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1) Define the database structure and establish a geological database Step 1.1) Collect and organize original drilling data: obtain the location, depth, lithology description, location of coal seam roof and floor, weathered layer and oxidized layer information of the drilling hole; Step 1.2) Define the database structure: The database structure includes three tables: positioning table, inclinometer table and lithology table; The positioning table describes the borehole position and depth, the inclination table describes the borehole inclination, and the lithology table describes the lithology position and weathering layer position; Step 1.3) Use geological modeling software: organize the raw data into an EXCEL table and use the geological modeling software to import the data into the geological database; Step 2): Determine the weathering interface and oxidation interface, and virtualize the weathering oxidation surface In mining geological modeling, weathering interface and oxidation interface are two important concepts; The weathering interface refers to the boundary where rocks and coal seams below the surface are affected by weathering. All rock and coal seams above this interface are weathered. The oxidation interface is below the weathering interface. The coal seams above this interface are considered oxidized coal. Neither weathered nor oxidized coal has utilization value. The weathering interface, oxidation interface and the oxidation zone between them are virtualized as a wind-oxidized surface, and the theoretical coal seam entity is separated into two parts: the coal seam above the wind-oxidized surface is considered to be wind-oxidized coal, and the coal seam below the wind-oxidized surface is considered to be coal with mining value; Step 3): Establish wind oxidation surface model and coal surface model Step 3.1) Extracting the bottom interface data of the wind-oxidized surface: extracting all bottom interface data points related to the wind-oxidized surface from the geological database described in step 1); Step 3.2) Establishing a wind-oxidized surface model: The bottom interface data points extracted in step 3.1) are used for Kriging interpolation modeling using the modeling software grid estimation to generate a three-dimensional surface model of the wind-oxidized surface. The interpolation adopts the uniform grid + control point method, and the established surface is smooth and passes through the control points; Step 3.3) Establish a coal seam surface model: Use the top and bottom data points of the coal seam and use the modeling software grid estimation to perform Kriging interpolation to establish a coal seam surface model; the coal seam "surface model" refers to the top, bottom and plate surface model of the original coal seam, including weathering and oxidation layers; Step 4): Perform Boolean mathematical operations on the wind oxidation surface model and the coal seam surface model Step 4.1) Perform Boolean operations on the wind-oxidized surface A, the coal seam roof surface B, and the coal seam bottom surface C respectively and take the lower cutting surface; The wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam roof surface B are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D1 coal seam roof cutting surface, and the wind-oxidized surface A and the coal seam bottom surface C are subjected to Boolean operation to obtain the lower cutting surface = D2 coal seam bottom cutting surface; Step 4.2) Use the cut coal seam roof surface D1 and bottom surface D2 to perform mathematical calculations to obtain the normal coal seam thickness surface, that is, the good coal seam thickness surface model E=D1-D2 after removing the wind-oxidized coal; Step 4.3) The thickness surface model of the good coal seam after removing the wind-oxidized coal obtained in step 4.2) is used to generate thickness contour lines using modeling software to intuitively display the distribution of the coal seam.

2. The method for modeling wind-oxidized areas of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the weathered layer and the oxidized layer are determined by using any one of borehole logging, geophysical logging or coal seam sampling and testing.

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