Crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated assembly, solar cell and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated assembly, a solar cell and a manufacturing method, the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated assembly comprises a perovskite cell, a crystalline silicon cell and a connecting layer, and the crystalline silicon cell and the perovskite cell are stacked along a first direction; the connecting layer is conductive, and the connecting layer is arranged between the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell, so that the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell are connected together, and the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell are connected in series. According to the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated assembly, the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell can be independently prepared and connected in series, the preparation process is simplified, industrial production is easy, the manufacturing cost is low, and the cost of a system end can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and specifically relates to a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component, a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The photoelectric conversion efficiency of a single-junction solar cell is limited by the band gap, and there is a theoretical limit (usually depending on the material band gap, the single-junction cell conversion efficiency limit is 29%-33%). The stacked solar cell stacks up solar cells with different band gaps from top to bottom in the order of wide to narrow band gaps. When sunlight is incident, high-energy photons are absorbed by the wide-bandgap cell above, and low-energy photons are absorbed by the narrow-bandgap cell below after passing through. By splitting and utilizing the solar spectrum, the absorption range of sunlight can be effectively broadened, while reducing thermal relaxation losses.

[0003] In the related art, stacked cells can be divided into two-terminal (2T) stacked cells and four-terminal (4T) stacked cells in terms of structure or technical route. The 2T structure consists of a monolithically integrated bottom narrow-bandgap sub-cell and a top wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cell. The two sub-cells are prepared sequentially and connected by a tunneling layer to form a whole. Although the 2T structure has a lower cost, the two sub-cells are prepared sequentially, which is difficult to prepare and the compatibility of the preparation process needs to be considered. In particular, for crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked cell assemblies, the perovskite cell needs to be deposited on the surface of crystalline silicon, and the adverse effects of the crystalline silicon fleece on subsequent thin film deposition need to be considered.

[0004] The 4T structure is composed of a bottom narrow-bandgap sub-cell and a top wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cell that are independently stacked. It has four output terminals, and there is no electrical connection between the two sub-cells. Each cell has independent output. The two sub-cells in this structure can be prepared separately, but the structure requires two sets of busbars and junction boxes, and the power station system needs to be equipped with two independent inverters and other auxiliary equipment, resulting in a high system cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component that has low preparation cost and can reduce system-side costs.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell.

[0009] The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0010] Perovskite batteries;

[0011] A crystalline silicon cell, wherein the crystalline silicon cell and the perovskite cell are stacked and arranged along a first direction;

[0012] A connecting layer is conductive and is disposed between the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell to connect the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell together and connect the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell in series.

[0013] The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component of the embodiment of the present invention can independently prepare the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell and connect them in series, which simplifies the preparation process and facilitates industrial production. It not only has low manufacturing cost, but also can reduce system-side cost.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connection layer is a conductive adhesive film.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connection layer is a POE film filled with a conductive substance, and the conductive substance is a metal powder or a conductive carbon material;

[0016] and / or, the volume resistivity of the connecting layer is less than 50Ω·cm;

[0017] And / or, the projection areas of the crystalline silicon cell and the perovskite cell in the first direction are equal.

[0018] In some embodiments, the perovskite cell includes a bottom electrode, a functional layer, and a top electrode arranged in sequence along its thickness direction, the functional layer includes an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, and a hole transport layer, and the connecting layer and the crystalline silicon cell are stacked in sequence on the top electrode.

[0019] The solar cell in the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0020] substrate;

[0021] As in any of the above embodiments, the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are arranged on the substrate, and the plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are connected in series.

[0022] In some embodiments, a plurality of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are arranged in an array on the substrate.

[0023] In some embodiments, a welding ribbon is also included, which is used to connect two adjacent crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components in series, one end of the welding ribbon is connected to the perovskite cell in one of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components, and the other end of the welding ribbon is connected to the crystalline silicon cell in the other crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component.

[0024] In some embodiments, a cover plate is further included, wherein the cover plate is arranged opposite to the substrate, and the plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are located between the cover plate and the substrate.

[0025] In some embodiments, the perovskite cell is formed on the substrate by a deposition process;

[0026] And / or, the cover plate and the substrate are both made of glass.

[0027] The method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0028] Arrange the substrate;

[0029] Depositing a film layer for making a perovskite cell on the substrate;

[0030] Cutting the film layer to form array-arranged perovskite cells on the substrate;

[0031] Stacking a connection layer and a crystalline silicon cell in sequence on each of the perovskite cells to form a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component arranged in an array;

[0032] The plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are connected with positive and negative electrodes and packaged with a cover plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components on a substrate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100. Crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components;

[0039] 1. Perovskite battery; 11. Bottom electrode; 12. Functional layer; 13. Top electrode;

[0040] 2. Crystalline silicon battery;

[0041] 3. Connection layer;

[0042] 4. Substrate;

[0043] 5. Cover plate;

[0044] 6. Soldering strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component 100 of an embodiment of the present invention includes a perovskite cell 1, a crystalline silicon cell 2 and a connecting layer 3.

[0047] The perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 are prepared separately and independently, and the two do not interfere with each other in the preparation process. The preparation process is simple and the cost is low. The connecting layer 3 is arranged between the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2, and the crystalline silicon cell 2 and the perovskite cell 1 are stacked along a first direction, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2, that is, the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 are stacked along the thickness direction and connected together through the connecting layer 3 located therebetween. Since the connecting layer 3 is conductive, after the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 are connected and packaged together through the connecting layer 3, the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 can be connected in series.

[0048] Compared with the technical solutions in the related art, the embodiment of the present invention does not need to deposit the perovskite cell 1 on the surface of crystalline silicon, which reduces the difficulty and cost of the preparation process. It also does not need to be equipped with two sets of busbars and junction boxes, which is easy to industrialize and reduces manufacturing costs. At the same time, it can reduce the number of auxiliary equipment supporting the power station system end, which can further reduce the cost of the power station system end.

[0049] The connection layer 3 is a conductive film. Preferably, the connection layer 3 is a POE film filled with a conductive material, and the conductive material is a metal powder or a conductive carbon material. For example, the conductive material is a metal powder such as gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, etc., and for another example, the conductive material is a conductive carbon material such as graphite and graphene. Of course, the conductive material can also be other materials with conductive properties.

[0050] Furthermore, under high temperature and high pressure lamination, the conductivity of the connecting layer 3 is improved, and the volume resistivity is less than 50Ω·cm, for example, the volume resistivity is 48Ω·cm, 40Ω·cm or 38.5Ω·cm, etc., thereby ensuring that the perovskite battery and the crystalline silicon battery can be connected in series when they are connected together, thereby ensuring the conductive performance between the two.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the perovskite cell 1 includes a bottom electrode 11, a functional layer 12 and a top electrode 13 arranged in sequence along its thickness direction, wherein the functional layer 12 includes an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer and a hole transport layer, and the connecting layer 3 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 are stacked in sequence on a side of the top electrode 13 away from the bottom electrode 11, that is, the top electrode 13 of the perovskite cell 1 is connected in series with the surface of the crystalline silicon cell 2 through the connecting layer 3.

[0052] The projection areas of the crystalline silicon cell 2 and the perovskite cell 1 in the first direction are equal, so that the size and area between the two are comparable and the matching degree is better.

[0053] The projections of the crystalline silicon cell 2 and the perovskite cell 1 in the first direction may be regular polygonal structures, such as squares.

[0054] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the solar cell in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate 4 and a crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assembly 100 as in any of the above embodiments, and a plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assemblies 100 are arranged on the substrate 4, for example, a plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assemblies 100 are arranged in an array on the substrate 4, and a plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assemblies 100 are connected in series. Since the perovskite cell 1 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 in each crystalline silicon-perovskite stack assembly 100 are in a series connection structure, the entire solar cell does not need to be equipped with two sets of busbars and junction boxes, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell, and at the same time, there is no need to be equipped with two sets of independent inverters and other auxiliary equipment on the system side, thereby reducing the cost on the system side.

[0055] During the production process, the perovskite cell 1 is formed on the substrate 4 through a deposition process. The material of the substrate 4 can be glass. The bottom electrode 11, the functional layer 12, and the top electrode 13 of the perovskite cell 1 are deposited on the substrate 4, and then cut into preset sizes through a cutting process to form a plurality of perovskite cells 1 arranged in an array on the substrate 4, thereby realizing the independent production of the perovskite cell 1. Then, the connecting layer 3 and the crystalline silicon cell 2 are stacked in sequence on each perovskite cell 1 to form a plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components 100 arranged in an array. After the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components 100 are connected in series, they are packaged.

[0056] Among them, the solar cell also includes a welding ribbon 6, which is used to connect two adjacent crystalline silicon-perovskite stack components 100 in series, one end of the welding ribbon 6 is connected to the perovskite cell 1 in one of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stack components 100, and the other end of the welding ribbon 6 is connected to the crystalline silicon cell 2 in the other crystalline silicon-perovskite stack component 100, thereby realizing the series connection of the two adjacent crystalline silicon-perovskite stack components 100.

[0057] The solar cell also includes a cover plate 5, which is arranged opposite to the substrate 4. Multiple crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components 100 are located between the cover plate 5 and the substrate 4. The cover plate 5 can be made of glass, and the cover plate 5 stacked on the crystalline silicon cell 2 is encapsulated.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0059] S101, arranging a substrate, wherein the substrate is a glass substrate.

[0060] S102, depositing a film layer for making a perovskite battery on a substrate. Specifically, the film layer of the perovskite battery includes a bottom electrode, a functional layer and a top electrode.

[0061] S103, cutting the film layer to form an array of perovskite cells on the substrate, for example, using laser cutting to cut the film layer into rectangular blocks of perovskite cells arranged in an array on the substrate, thereby forming a plurality of independently manufactured perovskite cells, with a simple manufacturing process and low cost.

[0062] S104, stacking connection layers and crystalline silicon cells on top of each perovskite cell in sequence to form a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component arranged in an array. The size of the perovskite cell is comparable to that of the crystalline silicon cell. When laser cutting is performed, the crystalline silicon cell is cut according to the size of the crystalline silicon cell. After the crystalline silicon cell is stacked on each perovskite cell, the size and area thereof are matched.

[0063] S105. Connect the positive and negative electrodes of multiple crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components, encapsulate them through a cover plate, and connect adjacent crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components in series through welding strips. Only one set of busbars and junction boxes is needed, and at the same time, only one set of inverters and other auxiliary equipment is needed at the power station system end, thereby reducing system costs.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, independently prepared perovskite cells and crystalline silicon cells are connected in series through a conductive adhesive film, integrating the advantages of a two-terminal stacked structure and a four-terminal stacked structure, while having the advantages of simple preparation (separate preparation), low preparation cost, ease of industrial production, and low system-side cost.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0066] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0067] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0069] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component, characterized in that: include: Perovskite batteries; A crystalline silicon cell, wherein the crystalline silicon cell and the perovskite cell are stacked and arranged along a first direction; A connecting layer is conductive and is disposed between the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell to connect the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell together and connect the perovskite cell and the crystalline silicon cell in series.

2. The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting layer is a conductive adhesive film.

3. The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting layer is a POE film filled with a conductive material, and the conductive material is a metal powder or a conductive carbon material; and / or, the volume resistivity of the connecting layer is less than 50Ω·cm; And / or, the projection areas of the crystalline silicon cell and the perovskite cell in the first direction are equal.

4. The crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite cell comprises a bottom electrode, a functional layer and a top electrode arranged in sequence along its thickness direction, the functional layer comprises an electron transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer and a hole transport layer, and the connecting layer and the crystalline silicon cell are stacked in sequence on the top electrode.

5. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: substrate; According to the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, a plurality of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are arranged on the substrate, and the plurality of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are connected in series.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are arranged in an array on the substrate.

7. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a welding ribbon, which is used to connect two adjacent crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components in series, one end of the welding ribbon is connected to the perovskite cell in one of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components, and the other end of the welding ribbon is connected to the crystalline silicon cell in the other crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component.

8. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cover plate, which is arranged opposite to the substrate, and a plurality of the crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are located between the cover plate and the substrate.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that The perovskite cell is formed on the substrate by a deposition process; And / or, the cover plate and the substrate are both made of glass.

10. A method for manufacturing a solar cell, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Arrange the substrate; Depositing a film layer for making a perovskite cell on the substrate; Cutting the film layer to form array-arranged perovskite cells on the substrate; Stacking a connection layer and a crystalline silicon cell in sequence on each of the perovskite cells to form a crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked component arranged in an array; The plurality of crystalline silicon-perovskite stacked components are connected with positive and negative electrodes and packaged with a cover plate.

Images