Continuous uniform speed metal extruder and extrusion process

Abstract

The present invention proposes a continuous uniform speed metal extruder and extrusion process, the extruder comprises: an extrusion device, a compaction wheel and an extrusion wheel whose axes are parallel to each other, a coaxial annular groove is provided on the side of the extrusion wheel; a feed port and a plug slot for embedding a plug are provided on the extrusion device, the plug slot is located behind the feed port, and a rear guide area is formed between the plug slot and the feed port, a part of the plug is embedded in the plug slot, and the other half protrudes out of the plug slot and extends to the outside of the rear guide area to abut against the metal rod. In the present invention, the plug position is moved back a distance, that is, the plug and the feed port are separated, and a rear guide area is designed. After the copper rods are piled up and compressed, they are plastically deformed and flow into the mold cavity feed port from the front guide area and the rear guide area. All of them flow in after being fully thermoplastically deformed, and the metal structure of the product cross section is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal extruders, and in particular relates to a continuous uniform speed metal extruder and an extrusion process. Background Art

[0002] At present, the die cavity structure (straight-down structure of plug position) of continuous extrusion of copper or copper alloy is as follows: the raw material rod billet is initially deformed by the compacting wheel and rotates with the extrusion wheel groove, hitting the die cavity plug embedded in the wheel groove, resulting in accumulation and roughening, shearing and sliding along the end face of the plug, friction and shearing deformation produce high temperature and high pressure, which promotes the thermoplastic deformation of the raw material and continuously flows into the die cavity expansion area until it fills the die cavity expansion area. As the raw material is continuously filled into the die cavity, the grains are broken and refined, and are extruded from the die opening, completing the main process of continuous extrusion, such as Figures 1 to 3 .

[0003] In summary, the above structure has the following disadvantages: 1. The end face of the plug is directly exposed to the feed port (see Figure 3 , Fig.12 , Fig.23 ), the copper rods are piled up and compressed to undergo plastic deformation. The copper rods near the bottom of the wheel groove flow directly into the cavity feed port along the end face of the plug. This part of the material has not been fully thermoplastically deformed, while the copper rods near the guide area are all fully thermoplastically deformed. The flow rate, temperature, and grain refinement of the two parts of the material are different. After the cavity is expanded and extruded out of the mold, the metal structure of the product cross section may be uneven (similar to the noodles made from flour that are not kneaded thoroughly, which are not chewy). Most of the reactions are: bending and cracking, such as Figure 7 .

[0004] 2. The plug is tightly mounted on the mold cavity. There is inevitably a bonding surface on the feed port side. Under high temperature, high pressure and severe friction, copper material will gradually penetrate into this bonding surface, thereby lifting the plug. The arc edges on both sides of the plug will contact the surface of the extrusion wheel, causing damage. Even if a boss is added under the plug, it only delays the copper penetration time. Accidents will still occur after metal fatigue, such as Figures 9-11 .

[0005] 3. In addition to the disadvantage of copper leakage at the bottom of the plug, there are joint surfaces on the side and surface of the plug end. Copper will gradually leak in during the extrusion process. The temperature, pressure and friction of these joint surfaces are higher than other positions of the feed inlet. The vicious cycle aggravates the premature failure of metal fatigue (such as Fig.12 ), and as the metal at these locations deforms and wears, extrusion flash will also increase (such as Fig.14 ). Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous uniform speed metal extruder and extrusion process, in which the plug position in the extruder is moved back a distance, that is, the plug and the feed port are separated, and a rear guide area is designed. The copper rods are accumulated and compressed and plastically deformed, and flow into the die cavity feed port from the front guide area and the rear guide area. All of them are fully thermoplastically deformed and flow in, and the metal structure of the product cross section is uniform. The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0007] A continuous uniform speed metal extruder, comprising: an extrusion device, a compacting wheel and an extrusion wheel with mutually parallel axes, a coaxial annular groove is provided on the side of the extrusion wheel; a feed port 6 and a plug slot for embedding a plug 4 are provided on the extrusion device;

[0008] The plug slot is located behind the feed port 6, and a rear guide area 5 is formed between it and the feed port 6. A portion of the plug 4 is embedded in the plug slot, and the other half protrudes out of the plug slot and extends to the outside of the rear guide area 5 to abut against the metal rod.

[0009] Preferably, the feed port 6 and the rear guide area 5 are formed in a core alloy 7 of the die cavity in the extrusion device, and are smoothly connected therebetween.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion expansion zone 8 in the extrusion device has its small end connected to the feed port 6 and its large end connected to the extrusion die 9 of the extrusion device;

[0011] The expansion angle of the extrusion expansion zone 8 changes gradually.

[0012] Preferably, the volume at the edge of the extruded expansion zone 8 is the largest.

[0013] Preferably, the extrusion device further comprises:

[0014] The mold cavity body 1 and the mold cavity cover 11 are connected by fasteners, and the extrusion die 9 and the outlet pad 10 are arranged in sequence between the two;

[0015] The die cavity body 1 is embedded with a front guide area alloy block 12 and the die cavity core alloy 7;

[0016] On one side of the axis of the feed port 6, a portion of the front guide area alloy block 12 and the cavity core alloy 7 form a front guide area 2;

[0017] The extrusion expansion zone 8 is formed between the die cavity core alloy 7 and the die cavity body 1;

[0018] The mold cavity body 1, the mold cavity core alloy 7 and the leading material zone alloy block 12 are integrally formed.

[0019] Preferably, along the flow direction, the distance K between the front end face and the rear end face of the rear guide zone 5 is 5-30 mm, so that the difference in the flow velocity of the raw material between the rear guide zone 5 and the front guide zone 2 is within a preset range.

[0020] Preferably, the mold cavity body 1 is provided with a disassembly hole 13 and a disassembly hole 2 14;

[0021] The second disassembly hole 14 is connected to the plug slot, and the first disassembly hole 13 is connected to the slot of the alloy block 12 in the front guide area.

[0022] Preferably, the alloy block 12 of the leading material zone is Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy, and the plug 4 is Inconel 718 Plus nickel-based alloy or alloy GH4065A.

[0023] Preferably, it further comprises a scraper, which is fixedly arranged and faces the annular groove on the extrusion wheel.

[0024] A continuous uniform speed metal extrusion process, based on the continuous uniform speed metal extruder, comprises the following steps:

[0025] The metal blank rod is inserted into the annular groove, and then the compacting wheel and the extrusion wheel are started to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the metal blank rod abuts against the plug 4, and the extrusion molding is realized under the action of the extrusion device;

[0026] During the extrusion process, the plug end face 3 is blocked and roughened, and the front guide area 2, the feed port 6 and the rear guide area 5 form a closed and smooth flow area for receiving the flow of the thermoplastic deformation material;

[0027] The materials in the front guide area 2 and the rear guide area 5 are plastically deformed, thereby achieving a uniform plastic flow effect.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. Move the plug on the mold cavity body back a certain distance (see Figure 6 , Fig.13 , Fig.17 , Fig. 22 ), a section of rear guide area is designed, the copper rods are piled up and compressed and then plastically deformed, and then flow into the cavity feed port from the front and rear guide areas. All of them flow in with full thermoplastic deformation. The flow rate, temperature and grain refinement of the two parts of the material are basically the same. After the cavity is expanded and extruded out of the mold (the mold structure remains unchanged), the metal structure of the product cross section is uniform, and there is no cracking in the bending test (see Figure 8 ).

[0030] 2. The plug is moved back a certain distance, and the fixed surface of the plug is completely covered on the cavity panel (cavity body). There is no bonding surface in the feed port area, which completely eliminates the phenomenon of copper leakage and warping at the bottom of the plug, thereby ensuring the stability of the continuous extrusion process.

[0031] 3. After the plug and the feed port are separated, they each perform their respective functions: the plug is responsible for blocking the copper rod and thickening it, and basically does not participate in the flow guidance (smaller thermal friction). The feed port and the front guide area and the rear guide area are a complete closed structure, and there is no gap to produce stress concentration areas. Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the wear resistance and deformation resistance of the plug and the feed port are greatly improved (see Fig.13 ), the overflow discharge is more stable (see Fig.15 ).

[0032] 4. Practical application shows that the effective service life of the plug (plug can also be replaced) and the feed port is extended by more than 25%, the mold thickness of the same specification product can be reduced by about 10% (machine load is reduced by about 3-5%), and the surface finish of the product and the uniformity of the internal grain structure are improved compared with the old cavity.

[0033] The manufacturing cost of the mold cavity and plug of this structure is only about 100 yuan higher than the original structure (the price of the whole set of alloy-inlaid mold cavity is 6,500 yuan), but it greatly improves the production stability, and the effective service life of the whole set of tooling can be extended by more than 20%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a metal extruder in the prior art;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial map of

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flow of thermoplastic material in a metal extruder;

[0037] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a metal extruder of this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial map of

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the flow of thermoplastic material in a metal extruder;

[0040] Figure 7 The effect diagram of the 10x125 cross-section copper busbar produced for the traditional structure with the plug directly below, after the 90-degree bending cracking test;

[0041] Figure 8The effect diagram of the copper busbar with a cross section of 10x125 produced for the plug backward displacement structure in this embodiment after the 90-degree bending cracking test;

[0042] Fig. 9 This is a state diagram of the plug lifting in the prior art;

[0043] Fig.10 The copper material is inserted into the bottom of the plug in the prior art;

[0044] Fig.11 This is a diagram showing that the extrusion wheel is severely worn by the plug in the prior art;

[0045] Fig.12 This is a diagram showing the wear and deformation of the feed port and the plug after producing 200 tons of products with the traditional structure of the plug directly below.

[0046] Fig.13 The wear and deformation state diagram of the feed port and the plug after producing 200 tons of products for the plug backward movement structure;

[0047] Fig.14 This is a diagram of the overflow state when producing a 10x125 cross-section copper busbar with a traditional structure with the plug directly below;

[0048] Fig.15 The overflow state diagram when producing 10x125 cross-section copper busbars for the plug backward displacement structure;

[0049] Fig.16 This is the schematic diagram of the traditional push-type extrusion;

[0050] Fig.17 It is a top view of the die cavity body of the extrusion device in this embodiment after the plug is assembled;

[0051] Fig.18 It is the structural diagram of the extrusion die;

[0052] Fig.19 It is a bottom view of the mold cavity body in the extrusion device in this embodiment;

[0053] Fig. 20 It is a structural diagram of the expansion area in the prior art;

[0054] Fig.21 is a structural diagram of the extrusion device in this embodiment;

[0055] Fig. 22 This is a real picture of the die cavity body of the extrusion device in this embodiment when the plug is not installed;

[0056] Fig.23 This is a physical picture of the mold cavity body in the prior art.

[0057] Among them, 1-mold cavity body, 2-front guide area, 3-plug end face, 4-plug, 5-rear guide area, 6-feed port, 7-mold cavity core alloy, 8-extrusion expansion area, 9-extrusion die, 10-exit pad, 11-mold cavity cover, 12-front guide area alloy block, 13-disassembly hole one, 14-disassembly hole two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The continuous uniform speed metal extruder and extrusion process of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram, wherein the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and it should be understood that the present invention described herein can be modified by those skilled in the art, while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art, and not as a limitation of the present invention.

[0059] In the extrusion process of the traditional cavity structure, the end face of the plug must not only block the copper rod, but also guide the copper rod to change its direction of flow. The arc surfaces on both sides of the plug must also control the overflow rate. The working conditions are harsh. More importantly, the flow rate, temperature, and grain refinement degree of the material flowing into the feed port through the end face of the plug are different from those of the material in the front guide area. The extruded product is prone to the "half-cooked rice" phenomenon.

[0060] In order to improve the insufficient extrusion deformation, the only way is to increase the thickness of the extrusion die or add a forming die pad in front of the extrusion die. However, this will also increase the pressure, temperature and resistance in the die cavity, resulting in a shortened tooling die life cycle, increased machine load and energy consumption, and at the same time, the end face of the plug embedded in the die cavity is directly exposed to the feed port, forming a U-shaped gap ( Fig.12 ), despite the tight fit, local collapse gradually forms under high temperature and high pressure for a long time, aggravating wear, causing a series of faults such as increased overflow, product defects and even copper leakage and warping at the bottom of the plug, thus interrupting production. These drawbacks have not been completely solved.

[0061] According to the principle of continuous extrusion, the working conditions of the plug and the feed port are different:

[0062] 1) The plug material requires a high yield strength under high temperature and high pressure conditions. No deformation or creeping is allowed during the extrusion process, and it can withstand the copper rod raw material pushed by the extrusion wheel for a long time.

[0063] 2) The feed port material is required to have high toughness and wear resistance under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Cracking is not allowed during the extrusion process. At the same time, the surface of the feed port must remain smooth to ensure that the overflow in the high temperature state can be discharged smoothly without sticking.

[0064] 3) Material properties have two sides: when the hardness is high, the toughness and wear resistance are low, and increasing the toughness will inevitably reduce some of the hardness.

[0065] In this embodiment, a plug backward movement structure is designed to create a rear guide area in front of the plug end. The plug is mainly responsible for blocking the material and roughening. The front and rear guide areas and the feed port form a closed and complete symmetrical structure, completely eliminating the weak points of the original structural joint surface, and are specifically responsible for accepting the flow of thermoplastic deformation materials, thereby achieving a uniform plastic flow effect during traditional push-type extrusion ( Fig.16 ).

[0066] like Figures 4 to 6 The raw material rod blank (metal rod), that is, the copper rod, is initially deformed by the compacting wheel and rotates with the extrusion wheel groove, hitting the cavity plug embedded in the wheel groove, resulting in accumulation and roughening. Continuous friction and shear deformation produce high temperature and high pressure, which promote the thermoplastic deformation of the raw material. Through the feed port, the front and rear guide areas merge evenly and flow into the cavity expansion area until the cavity expansion area is filled. As the raw material is continuously filled into the cavity, the grains are broken and refined and are extruded from the mold opening to complete the main process of continuous extrusion.

[0067] like Figures 4 to 6 , Fig.17 , Fig.19 , Figure 21-22 As shown, the continuous uniform speed metal extruder specifically comprises:

[0068] An extrusion device, a compacting wheel with axes parallel to each other, and an extrusion wheel.

[0069] A coaxial annular groove is provided on the side of the extrusion wheel; a feed port 6 and a plugging groove for embedding a plug 4 are provided on the extrusion device.

[0070] The plug slot is located behind the feed port 6, and a rear guide area 5 is formed between the plug slot and the feed port 6. A portion of the plug 4 is embedded in the plug slot, and the other half protrudes out of the plug slot and extends to the outside of the rear guide area 5 to abut against the metal rod. Figure 5 , Fig.17 shown.

[0071] The feed port 6 and the rear guide area 5 are formed in the die cavity core alloy 7 in the extrusion device, and the two are smoothly connected, that is, there is no joint surface gap.

[0072] The scraper is fixedly arranged and faces the annular groove on the extrusion wheel.

[0073] The plug 4 moves backward and is completely enclosed in the mold cavity body 1 and the mold cavity core alloy 7, with only a surface joint gap ( Fig.17), even if copper slips into the gap, it will only make the plug more firmly and tightly fitted in the mold cavity body, and it is impossible to lift up and rub against the extrusion wheel. At the same time, since the plug is only responsible for blocking the copper rod and thickening it, the raw material on the end face 3 of the plug no longer flows directly into the feed port 6, but flows back into the feed port 6 after passing through the rear guide area. That is, the end face 3 of the plug basically does not participate in the flow guidance and the thermal friction is small, so a high-temperature alloy material with higher hardness can be selected.

[0074] The rear guide area 5 and the feed port 6 are a whole piece of high-temperature alloy to form a complete channel without any joint surface gap. The alloy part of the rear guide area leading to the feed port is relatively thin, and has higher requirements for the deformation resistance and wear resistance of the alloy material. With the progress and innovation of the domestic high-temperature alloy industry, this requirement has been met. In addition, since the plug 4 is retracted, the arc edges on both sides of the original plug basically do not participate in controlling the overflow, and the overflow is all discharged from the surface of the feed port alloy. The wear resistance of the feed port alloy material is better than that of the plug alloy material.

[0075] The distance K between the front end face and the rear end face of the rear guide zone 5 is 5-30 mm, so that the difference in the flow speed of the raw material between the rear guide zone 5 and the front guide zone 2 is within a preset range.

[0076] The distance (K) that the plug moves back is very important. If it is too long, it will cause increased overflow (too high temperature), and if it is too short, the uniformity of the flow rate of the thermoplastic deformed raw materials entering the feed port will deviate greatly. According to the actual conditions of different types of continuous extruders (300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 630, 700, 800, 850, etc.), the distances are determined in the range of 5 to 30 mm from small to large.

[0077] In this example, the flow velocity direction of the thermoplastic material is the "forward" direction.

[0078] Figure 21-22 As shown, the extrusion device comprises:

[0079] The mold cavity body 1 and the mold cavity cover 11 are connected by fasteners, and an extrusion die 9 and an outlet pad 10 are arranged therebetween in sequence.

[0080] The die cavity body 1 uses H13 hot working die steel (4Cr5MoSiV1) with a heat treatment hardness of HRc48-50. At this time, the die cavity core alloy 7 and the front guide area alloy block 12 need to be set.

[0081] The mold cavity body 1 can also be made of a whole high-temperature alloy (the mold cavity body 1, the mold cavity core alloy 7 and the leading material zone alloy block 12 are integrally formed).

[0082] The front guide area alloy block 12 and the cavity core alloy 7 are embedded in the cavity body 1.

[0083] The core alloy 7 of the die cavity, the feed port and the expansion area (part of the front guide area and the rear guide area) are subjected to high temperature, high pressure and severe friction for a long time. Inconel 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) is used for forging on a fast forging machine. The alloy grain size reaches 9-10 levels, and the room temperature hardness HRc46-48 after heat treatment. After processing, it is tightly embedded in the die cavity body. The core alloy can be replaced after failure.

[0084] On one side of the axis of the feed port 6 , a portion of the alloy block 12 in the leading material zone and the core alloy 7 of the cavity form the leading guide zone 2 .

[0085] The front guide area 2 guides the copper rod in the extrusion wheel groove to be transported to the end face 3 of the plug, where it is plastically deformed under high temperature and high pressure conditions and is fed into the feed port 6 on the mold cavity body by the extrusion wheel.

[0086] Among them, the plug end face 3 is facing the middle position of the annular groove of the extrusion wheel, blocking the copper rod pushed in from the wheel groove, causing the copper rod to accumulate and thicken, and generating a reaction force to push the thermoplastically deformed raw materials in the front and rear guide areas into the mold cavity feed port 6 at the same time.

[0087] The plug is made of Inconel 718Plus nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169D) with a heat treatment hardness of HRc48-50. Higher-grade high-temperature alloys (such as GH4065A) can also be used.

[0088] The rear guide area 5 guides the raw materials accumulated on the end surface 3 of the plug into the feed port 6. The function of the feed port 6 is that the raw materials in the front and rear guide areas are plastically deformed under high temperature and high pressure conditions and are fed into the mold cavity by the extrusion wheel.

[0089] An extrusion expansion zone 8 is formed between the cavity core alloy 7 and the cavity body 1 .

[0090] Most of the space in this area is located in the core alloy 7 range of the mold cavity. The expansion angle is gradual. Without affecting the expansion and deformation of the copper material, the structural strength of the core alloy is increased. The volume on both sides of the expansion area is increased, similar to the shape of a bone rod, which is conducive to the inflow of more metal at the edge, making the two sides of the extruded product fuller and denser.

[0091] In this example, the extrusion expansion area 8 of the plug back mold cavity is also optimized and improved: most of the space in this area is located in the core alloy range of the mold cavity, the expansion angle is gradually changed, and the structural strength of the core alloy is increased without affecting the expansion and deformation of the copper material. The volume on both sides of the expansion area is increased, similar to the shape of a bone rod ( Fig.19 ), compared with the traditional cavity expansion area ( Fig. 20 ) is more conducive to the flow of more raw materials into the edges, making the two sides of the extruded product fuller and denser.

[0092] Specifically, the extrusion expansion zone 8 in the extrusion device has a small end connected to the feed port 6 and a large end connected to the extrusion die 9 of the extrusion device;

[0093] The expansion angle of the extrusion expansion zone 8 changes gradually.

[0094] The volume at the edge of the extruded expansion zone 8 is the largest.

[0095] Extrusion die 9: one of the combination dies ( Fig.18 ), determines the final size of the product. Different product specifications require different thicknesses.

[0096] Exit pad 10: One of the combined molds, placed behind the mold outlet as the exit pad, placed in front of the mold inlet as the forming pad.

[0097] In other embodiments, a suitable backward position is designed and processed. During the extrusion process, the flow speed of the thermoplastic deformable raw material collected in the rear guide area 5 on the plug side and the front guide area 2 is basically the same, the temperature of the raw material flowing into the feed port 6 is higher, and the fluidity is also enhanced. When some large-sized products are actually produced, there is no need to increase the extrusion die 9 ( Fig.18 ) thickness or increase the forming die pad (exit pad 10), not only the extruded product quality is good, but also the energy consumption can be reduced.

[0098] Cavity cover 11: During the extrusion process, huge pressure is generated inside the cavity. The combined mold must be locked between the cavity body and the cavity cover with bolts to ensure that the high-temperature and high-pressure raw materials are smoothly extruded from the back of the mold.

[0099] Alloy block 12 in the leading material area: It is made of Inconel 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) and tightly embedded in the mold cavity body. This area is in friction with the copper rod for a long time. At the same time, the high-temperature overflow generated by extrusion will also contact this area, and pits will soon appear in the mold cavity body. Therefore, a piece of high-temperature alloy is designed to be embedded to ensure that it will not deform during long-term use.

[0100] The mold cavity body 1 is provided with a disassembly hole 13 and a disassembly hole 14; the disassembly hole 14 is connected to the plug slot, and the disassembly hole 13 is connected to the slot of the alloy block 12 in the front guide area.

[0101] Disassembly hole 13: It is convenient to disassemble and replace the alloy block 12 in the front guide area of ​​the copper rod, reducing the user's use cost. Specifically, the die cavity cover 11, the extrusion die 9 and the outlet pad 10 in the extrusion device are removed, and then the rod body is extended into the disassembly hole 13, and the rod body is pushed to push out the alloy block 12 in the front guide area to achieve disassembly.

[0102] Disassembly hole 2 14: convenient for disassembling and replacing the worn or deformed plug 4. The disassembly method of the plug 4 is the same as the disassembly method of the alloy block 12 in the leading material area.

[0103] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, a cavity water jacket is provided on the extrusion device and fixed on the saddle.

[0104] Scraper fixed setting.

[0105] It is known from the prior art that an extrusion wheel and a compacting wheel are rotatably connected to the frame, the axes of the extrusion wheel and the compacting wheel are arranged parallel to each other, and the compacting wheel is located above the extrusion wheel, the compacting wheel rotates counterclockwise, the extrusion wheel rotates clockwise, and the compacting wheel and the extrusion wheel rotate synchronously; the extrusion wheel 2 is provided with a coaxial annular groove, and the compacting wheel is fixed with a coaxial annular bar, the metal billet rod is clamped into the annular groove, the annular bar and the metal billet rod are interference fit, thereby limiting the metal billet rod.

[0106] A continuous uniform speed metal extrusion process comprises the following steps:

[0107] The metal blank rod is inserted into the annular groove, and then the compacting wheel and the extrusion wheel are started to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the metal blank rod abuts against the plug 4, and the extrusion molding is realized under the action of the extrusion device;

[0108] During the extrusion process, the plug end face 3 is blocked and roughened, and the front guide area 2, the feed port 6 and the rear guide area 5 form a closed and smooth flow area for receiving the flow of the thermoplastic deformation material;

[0109] The materials in the front guide area 2 and the rear guide area 5 are plastically deformed, thereby achieving a uniform plastic flow effect.

[0110] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any technician in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous uniform speed metal extruder, comprising: An extrusion device, a compacting wheel and an extrusion wheel whose axes are parallel to each other, and a coaxial annular groove is provided on the side of the extrusion wheel; The extrusion device is provided with a feed port (6) and a plug slot for embedding a plug (4), and is characterized in that: The plug slot is located behind the feed port (6), and a rear guide area (5) is formed between the plug slot and the feed port (6). A portion of the plug (4) is embedded in the plug slot, and the other half protrudes out of the plug slot and extends to the outside of the rear guide area (5) to abut against the metal rod.

2. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed port (6) and the rear guide area (5) are formed in the die cavity core alloy (7) of the extrusion device, and the two are smoothly connected.

3. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion expansion zone (8) in the extrusion device has a small end connected to the feed port (6) and a large end connected to the extrusion die (9) of the extrusion device; The expansion angle of the extrusion expansion zone (8) changes gradually.

4. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The volume at the edge of the extrusion expansion zone (8) is the largest.

5. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extrusion device also includes: The mold cavity body (1) and the mold cavity cover (11) are connected by fasteners, and the extrusion die (9) and the outlet gasket (10) are arranged in sequence between the two; The mold cavity body (1) is embedded with a leading material zone alloy block (12) and the mold cavity core alloy (7); On one side of the axis of the feed port (6), a portion of the front guide zone alloy block (12) and the cavity core alloy (7) form a front guide zone (2); The extrusion expansion zone (8) is formed between the die cavity core alloy (7) and the die cavity body (1); The mold cavity body (1), the mold cavity core alloy (7) and the leading material zone alloy block (12) are integrally formed.

6. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the flow direction, the distance K between the front end face and the rear end face of the rear guide zone (5) is 5 to 30 mm, so that the difference in the flow velocity of the raw material between the rear guide zone (5) and the front guide zone (2) is within a preset range.

7. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mold cavity body (1) is provided with a disassembly hole 1 (13) and a disassembly hole 2 (14); The second disassembly hole (14) is connected to the plug slot, and the first disassembly hole (13) is connected to the slot of the alloy block (12) in the front guide area.

8. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The alloy block (12) of the leading material zone is Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy, and the plug (4) is Inconel 718Plus nickel-based alloy or alloy GH4065A.

9. The continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention further comprises a scraper which is fixedly arranged and faces the annular groove on the extrusion wheel.

10. A continuous uniform speed metal extrusion process, based on the continuous uniform speed metal extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The metal blank rod is inserted into the annular groove, and then the compacting wheel and the extrusion wheel are started to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and the metal blank rod abuts against the plug (4), and extrusion molding is achieved under the action of the extrusion device; During the extrusion molding process, the plug end face (3) is used to block the material and roughen it, and the front guide area (2), the feed port (6) and the rear guide area (5) form a closed and smooth flow area for receiving the flow of the thermoplastic deformation material; The materials in the front guide area (2) and the rear guide area (5) are plastically deformed, thereby achieving a uniform plastic flow effect.

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