A laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and particularly relates to a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, which comprises a laser cutting machine main body, a moving seat and a laser cutting head, and the locating baffle is connected to the placing table of the laser cutting machine main body through mounting bolts. The laser cutting machine for coal mining machine parts can eliminate the interference of metal plate impurities on cutting, clean the slag, improve the surface flatness of the parts, save the subsequent polishing process, improve the processing convenience and efficiency, and the laser cutting machine also has the functions of purifying laser cutting fume and preventing the internal microstructure of the coal mining machine part material from changing, and through the cooperation of the heat treatment mechanism, the polishing mechanism and the fume treatment mechanism, the residual stress of the coal mining machine part can be effectively released, thereby the quality and reliability of the laser cutting machine in processing the coal mining machine part can be improved, and the stability and durability of the coal mining machine part in use can be ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, in particular to a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] The laser cutting machine is a device that uses high-energy-density laser beams to irradiate workpieces, causing the material to melt rapidly, thereby achieving cutting. There are many reasons for using a laser cutting machine when producing coal mining machine parts from metal plates. First, the cutting precision of the laser cutting machine is high, which can accurately process shapes that meet the strict size requirements of coal mining machine parts, ensuring the quality of the parts. Second, the cutting surface is smooth, making subsequent processing more convenient. Moreover, the laser cutting machine can also cut complex patterns, meeting the design needs of diversified coal mining machine parts. For example, the authorized announcement No. CN220698562U discloses a laser cutting device for machining mechanical parts of a coal mining machine.

[0003] Currently, in the laser cutting process of coal mining machine parts, the laser focal point energy is highly concentrated, causing the material to instantaneously and sharply heat up and rapidly expand. The surrounding area has a lower temperature due to the delay in heat conduction. During the cooling stage after cutting is completed, the temperature and cooling speed of each part differ, which can easily cause uneven thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, residual stress is formed at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts. The coal mining machine parts cannot work continuously under stress due to the influence of residual stress, and are prone to deformation and cracking damage. Moreover, the sharp heating at the laser focal point also changes the microstructure of the edge material of the coal mining machine parts, causing uneven grain size and distribution, and triggering unstable changes in local hardness and toughness. This not only affects the quality and reliability of the laser cutting machine in processing coal mining machine parts, but also affects the stability and durability of the use of coal mining machine parts.

[0004] At the same time, when producing coal mining machine parts by laser cutting using a metal plate as raw material, the laser energy is concentrated on the upper surface of the metal plate, causing the metal to melt rapidly. However, the auxiliary gas cannot completely remove the liquid metal, resulting in the formation of slag at the top of the cutting seam. These slag destroy the flatness of the part surface, causing great obstacles to subsequent assembly work. It is necessary to spend manpower to polish the surface of the part, which not only reduces the convenience and efficiency of the processing of coal mining machine parts, but also has a negative impact on the quality and reliability of laser cutting processing.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts to solve the above problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted: a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, comprising a laser cutting machine body, a moving seat and a laser cutting head, the placement table of the laser cutting machine body is connected with a positioning baffle through mounting bolts, a plurality of threaded blind holes for fixing the positioning baffle are horizontally opened on the upper surface of the placement table of the laser cutting machine body, an electric push rod is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the rack of the laser cutting machine body, an L-shaped clamping strip is fixedly connected to the moving end of the electric push rod, a hollow conductive slip ring is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the laser cutting head, a connecting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating part of the hollow conductive slip ring, a hard pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting ring, and a smoke treatment mechanism is fixedly connected to the top end of the hard pipe.

[0008] The upper surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with two fixing mechanisms, and the outer wall of the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the moving seat.

[0009] The outer wall of the connecting ring is fixedly embedded with a sealing bearing, the outer wall of the outer ring of the sealing bearing is fixedly sleeved with an outer cylinder, and the bottom end of the outer cylinder is connected with a polishing mechanism.

[0010] The bottom end of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism.

[0011] The lower surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with an extension pipe, and the bottom end of the extension pipe is fixedly connected with an infrared temperature sensor.

[0012] The upper surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism for rotating the outer cylinder.

[0013] In the above-mentioned laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the smoke treatment mechanism comprises a heat-resistant hose fixedly connected to the top end of the hard pipe, a treatment box fixedly connected to the top end of the heat-resistant hose, the lower surface of the treatment box is fixedly connected with the top end of the laser cutting machine body, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box, the upper surface of the partition plate is fixedly connected with a vertical partition plate together with the inner wall of the treatment box, the inner cavity of the treatment box is divided into a filtering area, an installation area and a cooling area by the partition plate and the vertical partition plate, a filtering assembly is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filtering area of the treatment box, a rectangular hole is formed in the top outer wall of the cooling area of the treatment box, and a cooling assembly is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the rectangular hole, a PLC controller is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition plate in the installation area, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cooling area of the treatment box, a U-shaped conduit is fixedly connected to the gas outlet end of the conveying pipe, a sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the U-shaped conduit, a threaded hole is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve, a positioning bolt is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the threaded hole, and an L-shaped rod is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0014] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the filtering assembly comprises an activated carbon filter plate, a support net plate, a filter cotton core and a high-temperature-resistant filter cloth layer which are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the processing box and the lower surface of the partition plate, the bottom end of the inner wall of the processing box is fixedly connected with an air suction pump, the output end of the air suction pump is fixedly connected with a bend pipe, the air outlet end of the bend pipe penetrates through the upper surface of the partition plate and communicates with the internal cavity of the cooling area.

[0015] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the cooling assembly comprises a rectangular metal plate, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces are fixedly embedded at the top end of the rectangular metal plate, a plurality of metal net plates are fixedly connected at the bottom end of the rectangular metal plate, arc-shaped flow guide blocks are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the partition plate and the vertical partition plate, a U-shaped pipe is fixedly connected with the top end outer wall of the processing box, a plurality of air injection holes are formed in the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe close to the heat dissipation side of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces.

[0016] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the fixing mechanism comprises an adjusting rod fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting ring, a limiting cylinder movably sleeved with the rod wall of the adjusting rod, screw holes are formed in the outer wall of the limiting cylinder, connecting bolts are threadedly connected with the hole walls of the screw holes, a U-shaped block is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the limiting cylinder, and the outer wall of the U-shaped block is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the moving seat.

[0017] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the polishing mechanism comprises a polishing ring, two connecting rods are fixedly embedded at the top end of the polishing ring, mounting holes matched with the connecting rods are formed in the protruding upper surface of the bottom end of the outer cylinder, insertion holes are formed in the top end of the connecting rods, and the insertion holes are movably connected with the insertion pins, springs are sleeved with the rod walls of the connecting rods, and the two ends of the springs are fixedly connected with the protruding upper surface of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the insertion pin, respectively, and a plurality of air permeable holes are formed in the bottom end outer wall of the outer cylinder.

[0018] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the heat treatment mechanism comprises two L-shaped blocks fixedly connected with the outer wall of the outer cylinder, and an annular heat insulation cover is fixedly connected with the bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks, and an annular electric heating tube is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover.

[0019] In the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting ring, a gear is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the driving motor, and an internal tooth ring engaged with the outer wall of the gear is fixedly connected with the top end inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Through the provided fixing mechanism, grinding mechanism and driving mechanism, when the laser cutting machine cuts the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts, the metal plate is first clamped and positioned by the positioning bar, the electric push rod and the L-shaped clamp bar. Then, during the cutting process of the laser cutting head, the grinding ring of the grinding mechanism is brought into contact with the surface of the metal plate through the fixing mechanism, and the PLC controller controls the driving motor of the driving mechanism to start. Then, the driving mechanism drives the grinding ring of the grinding mechanism to rotate through the outer cylinder. During the rotation of the grinding ring, the uncut part of the metal plate can be polished and impurities can be removed, thereby avoiding the energy consumption and laser beam scattering caused by impurities adhering to the surface of the metal plate, thereby ensuring the effect of laser beam cutting of the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts. In addition, the rotating grinding ring 81 can also polish the coal mining machine parts after cutting, thereby eliminating the slag generated at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts due to the incomplete cleaning of liquid metal by the laser cutting auxiliary gas, thereby improving the flatness of the surface of the coal mining machine parts, and eliminating the need for staff to polish the surface of the coal mining machine parts again, thereby saving time and effort.

[0022] 2. Through the smoke treatment mechanism and filtering components, when the coal mining machine parts are cut by the laser cutting head, the smoke will not spread in large quantities to pollute the environment due to the obstruction of the outer cylinder, and the PLC controller also controls the start of the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump sucks the air inside the outer cylinder through the filter area, heat-resistant hose and hard pipe, so that the inside of the outer cylinder is in a negative pressure environment. Due to the constraint of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder can prevent the smoke generated by laser cutting from spreading in large quantities, and the smoke enters the filter area with the sucked airflow in the negative pressure environment. The impurities in the smoke are filtered and purified multiple times by the high-temperature resistant filter cloth layer, filter cotton core and activated carbon filter plate. After the smoke is purified, it can prevent environmental pollution and improve the environmental protection performance of the laser cutting device.

[0023] 3. Through the cooling mechanism and smoke treatment mechanism, the purified air is then transported to the cooling zone through the suction pump and the elbow, and finally transported to the U-shaped duct through the delivery pipe. The clean air is then blown onto the metal plates and coal mining machine parts on both sides of the laser cutting seam through the two outlet ends of the U-shaped duct. The rapid airflow cools the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, preventing the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts from being too high and changing the microstructure of the material, so that the grain size and distribution in the coal mining machine part material are uniform. At the same time, the infrared temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts in real time and sends it to the PLC controller in the form of an electrical signal. If the temperature value detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds the high temperature threshold preset by the PLC controller, the PLC controller controls the cooling component to work and reduce the temperature of the air flowing into the delivery pipe. After the cooled low-temperature air is sprayed into the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, it can effectively reduce the high temperature of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, further avoid changing the microstructure of the material of the heat diffusion zone of the coal mining machine parts, avoid local hardness and toughness instability of the coal mining machine parts, and improve the reliability of the use of coal mining machine parts.

[0024] 4、Through the heat treatment mechanism arranged, after the annular electric heating pipe is powered on, the heating temperature of the annular electric heating pipe is controlled by the PLC controller to be the temperature of the thermal aging treatment of the parts of the coal mining machine, the heat generated by the annular electric heating pipe is irradiated to the parts of the coal mining machine under the constraint of the annular heat shield, the parts of the coal mining machine are heat treated, and then naturally cooled, in the process, the high-frequency vibration generated by the rotating polishing ring can also assist the release of residual stress at the cutting part of the coal mining machine, and the annular electric heating pipe can also improve the temperature of the uncut area of the metal plate and the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine, the temperature of the uncut position of the metal plate is improved to achieve the preheating effect, avoiding the case that rapid expansion is caused by sharp temperature rise during laser aggregation cutting, the temperature of the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine part is improved to reduce the difference between the temperatures of each part of the coal mining machine part, so that the heat dissipation of the coal mining machine part is as uniform as possible during cooling, thereby effectively reducing the amount of residual stress of the coal mining machine part, further improving the effect of residual stress release of the coal mining machine part, so that the coal mining machine part continuously works under stress and is not disturbed by residual stress, and is not prone to deformation, cracking and damage, improving the stability and durability of the use of the coal mining machine part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a structural schematic view of a partial cross-section;

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a smoke dust treatment mechanism part in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of an L-shaped clamping strip part in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a fixing mechanism in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of a U-shaped pipe part in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of a filter assembly part in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of a polishing mechanism in a laser cutting device for a coal mining machine part provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of a driving mechanism for a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 is a schematic view of an infrared temperature sensor working position in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 is a structural schematic view of a laser cutting machine main body part in a laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts provided by the present application.

[0036] In the figure: 1 laser cutting machine main body, 2 moving seat, 3 driving mechanism, 31 driving motor, 32 gear, 33 inner tooth ring, 4 smoke dust treatment mechanism, 41 heat-resistant hose, 42 treatment box, 43 partition plate, 44 vertical partition plate, 45 filtering area, 46 installation area, 47 cooling area, 48 plc controller, 49 conveying pipe, 410 U-shaped guide pipe, 411 sleeve, 412 positioning bolt, 413 L-shaped rod, 5 filtering assembly, 51 activated carbon filter plate, 52 support net plate, 53 filter cotton core, 54 high-temperature-resistant filter cloth layer, 55 air suction pump, 56 elbow, 6 cooling assembly, 61 rectangular metal plate, 62 semiconductor refrigeration sheet, 63 metal mesh plate, 64 arc-shaped flow guide block, 65 U-shaped pipe, 66 air injection hole, 7 fixing mechanism, 71 adjusting rod, 72 limiting cylinder, 73 connecting bolt, 74 U-shaped block, 8 polishing mechanism, 81 polishing ring, 82 connecting rod, 83 latch, 84 spring, 85 air hole, 9 heat treatment mechanism, 91 L-shaped block, 92 annular heat shield, 93 annular electric heating tube, 10 positioning baffle, 11 electric push rod, 12 L-shaped clamping strip, 13 hollow conductive slip ring, 14 connecting ring, 15 hard pipe, 16 sealing bearing, 17 outer cylinder, 18 extension pipe, 19 infrared temperature sensor, 20 laser cutting head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] As Figures 1-11As shown, a kind of laser cutting device for coal cutter parts, including laser cutting machine main body 1, mobile seat 2 and laser cutting head 20, the placing table of laser cutting machine main body 1 is connected with the locating baffle 10 by mounting bolt, the placing table of laser cutting machine main body 1 upper surface transversely horizontal is equipped with multiple for locating baffle 10 fixed screw blind hole, electric push rod 11 is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the rack of laser cutting machine main body 1, the moving end of electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected with L-shaped clamping strip 12, the outer wall of laser cutting head 20 is movably sleeved with hollow conductive slip ring 13, the rotating part outer wall of hollow conductive slip ring 13 is fixedly sleeved with connecting ring 14, the top of connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with hard tube 15.

[0039] The top of hard tube 15 is fixedly connected with smoke treatment mechanism 4, and the smoke treatment mechanism 4 includes a heat-resistant hose 41 fixedly connected with the top of the hard tube 15, a treatment box 42 fixedly connected with the top of the heat-resistant hose 41, the lower surface of the treatment box 42 fixedly connected with the top of the laser cutting machine main body 1, a partition plate 43 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 42, a vertical partition plate 44 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 42 and the upper surface of the partition plate 43, the partition plate 43 and the vertical partition plate 44 divide the internal cavity of the treatment box 42 into a filtering area 45, a mounting area 46 and a cooling area 47, a filtering assembly 5 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 42 located in the filtering area 45, the filtering assembly 5 includes an activated carbon filter plate 51 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the treatment box 42 and the lower surface of the partition plate 43, a support mesh plate 52, a filter cotton core 53 and a high-temperature-resistant filter cloth layer 54, a suction pump 55 fixedly connected with the bottom inner wall of the treatment box 42, a bend pipe 56 fixedly connected with the output end of the suction pump 55, the gas outlet end of the bend pipe 56 passes through the upper surface of the partition plate 43 and is connected with the internal cavity of the cooling area 47, a rectangular hole is formed in the top outer wall of the treatment box 42 located in the cooling area 47, and a cooling assembly 6 is fixedly connected with the hole wall of the rectangular hole, the cooling assembly 6 includes a rectangular metal plate 61, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces 62 fixedly embedded in the top of the rectangular metal plate 61, a plurality of metal mesh plates 63 fixedly connected with the bottom of the rectangular metal plate 61, an arc-shaped flow guide block 64 fixedly connected with the outer wall of the partition plate 43 and the vertical partition plate 44, a U-shaped pipe 65 fixedly connected with the top outer wall of the treatment box 42, a plurality of air injection holes 66 formed in the pipe wall of the U-shaped pipe 65 close to the heat dissipation side of the plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces 62, a PLC controller 48 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the partition plate 43 located in the mounting area 46, a delivery pipe 49 fixedly connected with the outer wall of the treatment box 42 located in the cooling area 47, a U-shaped guide pipe 410 fixedly connected with the gas outlet end of the delivery pipe 49, a sleeve 411 movably sleeved with the outer wall of the U-shaped guide pipe 410, a threaded hole formed in the outer wall of the sleeve 411, and a positioning bolt 412 threadedly connected with the hole wall of the threaded hole, an L-shaped rod 413 fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the sleeve 411, and the top of the L-shaped rod 413 fixedly connected with the outer wall of the hard tube 15, which can improve the environmental protection performance of the laser cutting machine.

[0040] The upper surface of the connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with two fixing mechanisms 7, and the outer wall of the fixing mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the moving seat 2. The fixing mechanism 7 comprises an adjusting rod 71 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting ring 14. The rod wall of the adjusting rod 71 movably sleeves a limiting cylinder 72. The outer wall of the limiting cylinder 72 is provided with a threaded hole. The hole wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a connecting bolt 73. The outer wall of the limiting cylinder 72 fixedly sleeves a U-shaped block 74. The outer wall of the U-shaped block 74 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the moving seat 2.

[0041] The outer wall of the connecting ring 14 is fixedly embedded with a sealing bearing 16. The outer ring outer wall of the sealing bearing 16 fixedly sleeves an outer cylinder 17. The bottom end of the outer cylinder 17 is connected with a polishing mechanism 8. The polishing mechanism 8 comprises a polishing ring 81. The top end of the polishing ring 81 is fixedly embedded with two connecting rods 82. The bottom end protruding upper surface of the outer cylinder 17 is provided with a mounting hole matched with the connecting rod 82. The top end of the connecting rod 82 is provided with a insertion hole. The hole wall of the insertion hole movably connects with a latch 83. The rod wall of the connecting rod 82 sleeves a spring 84. The two ends of the spring 84 are respectively fixedly connected with the protruding upper surface of the outer cylinder 17 and the outer wall of the latch 83. The bottom end outer wall of the outer cylinder 17 is provided with a plurality of air holes 85. This mechanism can improve the reliability of the use of the laser cutting machine.

[0042] The bottom end outer wall of the outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism 9. The heat treatment mechanism 9 comprises two L-shaped blocks 91 fixedly connected with the outer wall of the outer cylinder 17. The bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks 91 are commonly fixedly connected with a ring-shaped heat shield 92. The inner wall of the ring-shaped heat shield 92 is fixedly connected with a ring-shaped electric heating tube 93. This mechanism can timely release the residual stress of the coal mining machine parts, improve the quality of the coal mining machine parts, and improve the reliability of the use of the coal mining machine parts.

[0043] The lower surface of the connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with an extension pipe 18. The bottom end of the extension pipe 18 is fixedly connected with an infrared temperature sensor 19. The upper surface of the connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism 3 for the rotation of the outer cylinder 17. The driving mechanism 3 comprises a driving motor 31 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting ring 14. The rotating end of the driving motor 31 is fixedly connected with a gear 32. The top end inner wall of the outer cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with an internal tooth ring 33 meshed with the outer wall of the gear 32. This mechanism can ensure the rotation of the polishing mechanism 8, thereby ensuring the quality of the coal mining machine parts.

[0044] The driving motor 31, the air suction pump 55, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 62, the ring-shaped electric heating tube 93 and the electric push rod 11 are electrically connected with the output end of the plc controller 48 through wires and the hollow conductive slip ring 13. The infrared temperature sensor 19 is electrically connected with the input end of the plc controller 48 through wires. The above power supply equipment and electrical connection are prior art and belong to the knowledge of those skilled in the art, which will not be described here.

[0045] The operating principle of the present application is described as follows: when the laser cutting machine cuts the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts, first, the position of the positioning baffle 10 is adjusted according to the size of the metal plate, then the metal plate is hung on the placing table of the laser cutting machine body 1, and the electric push rod 11 is started by the control of the PLC controller 48, the electric push rod 11 is pressed against the metal plate through the L-shaped clamping strip 12, the L-shaped clamping strip 12 is positioned with the positioning baffle 10, then the height of the polishing mechanism 8 is adjusted through the fixing mechanism 7, the bottom of the polishing ring 81 is in contact with the upper surface of the metal plate through the adjusting rod 71, and the connecting ring 14 is adjusted in height through the hollow conductive slip ring 13, the hollow conductive slip ring 13 can ensure the stability of the power supply equipment in the outer cylinder 17 when the outer cylinder 17 rotates, then the adjusting rod 71 is pressed in the limiting cylinder 72 through the rotating connecting bolt 73, so as to fix the adjusting rod 71, after the adjusting rod 71 is fixed, the position of the polishing ring 81 is stable, then the laser cutting machine body 1 is started, and the laser cutting machine body 1 cuts the metal plate with the moving seat 2 and the laser cutting head 20.

[0046] At the same time, the PLC controller 48 also starts the driving motor 31, the air pump 55 and the annular electric heating pipe 93, after the driving motor 31 is powered on, the rotating driving end drives the inner tooth ring 33 to rotate through the gear 32, the inner tooth ring 33 drives the outer cylinder 17 to rotate, the outer cylinder 17 drives the polishing ring 81 to rotate in the rotating process, the polishing ring 81 can polish and remove impurities from the uncut part of the metal plate in the rotating process, so as to avoid the situation that the energy consumption and the laser beam scattering are caused by the impurities attached to the surface of the metal plate, thereby ensuring the effect of the laser beam cutting the metal plate to process the coal mining machine parts, and the rotating polishing ring 81 can also polish and polish the cut coal mining machine parts, eliminate the slag generated by the incomplete cleaning of liquid metal by the laser cutting auxiliary gas at the cutting seam of the coal mining machine parts, and improve the flatness of the surface of the coal mining machine parts, without the need for workers to polish and polish the surface of the coal mining machine parts, saving time and effort.

[0047] After the air pump 55 is started, the air pump 55 sucks the air inside the outer cylinder 17 through the filter area 45, the heat-resistant hose 41 and the hard pipe 15, so that the inside of the outer cylinder 17 is in a negative pressure environment, and due to the constraint of the outer cylinder 17, the outer cylinder 17 can avoid the large diffusion of smoke dust generated by laser cutting, and the smoke dust enters the filter area 45 along with the suction airflow in the negative pressure environment, the impurities in the smoke dust are filtered and purified multiple times by the high-temperature-resistant filter cloth layer 54, the filter cotton core 53 and the activated carbon filter plate 51, and after the smoke dust is purified, environmental pollution can be prevented, the environmental protection performance of the laser cutting device is improved, and the purified air is transported to the cooling area 47 through the air pump 55 and the elbow pipe 56, and finally transported to the U-shaped pipe 410 through the conveying pipe 49. After that, the clean air blows to the metal plate and the coal mining machine part on both sides of the laser cutting seam through the two air outlets of the U-shaped pipe 410, and the cooling of the coal mining machine part heat diffusion area is realized through the rapid airflow, so as to avoid the change of the microstructure of the material due to the high temperature of the coal mining machine part heat diffusion area, so that the size and distribution of the crystal grains in the coal mining machine part material are uniform. At the same time, the horizontal distance between the temperature measuring point of the infrared temperature sensor 19 in the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine part and the metal plate cutting seam is 1 cm, the infrared temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature of the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine part in real time, and sends it to the plc controller 48 in the form of an electrical signal. If the temperature value detected by the infrared temperature sensor 19 exceeds the high temperature threshold value preset by the plc controller 48, the plc controller 48 controls the semiconductor refrigerating fin 62 to start, and the semiconductor refrigerating fin 62 cools the cooling area 47 through the rectangular metal plate 61 and the metal mesh plate 63. After the air sprayed from the elbow pipe 56 passes through the low-temperature metal mesh plate 63, it can be rapidly cooled, and the low-temperature air after cooling can effectively reduce the high temperature of the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine part. Part of the air in the cooling area 47 is also sprayed to the heat dissipation side of the semiconductor refrigerating fin 62 through the U-shaped pipe 65 and the air injection hole 66, so as to accelerate heat dissipation and ensure the refrigeration effect of the semiconductor refrigerating fin 62, further avoid changing the microstructure of the material in the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine part, avoid the change of the local hardness and toughness of the coal mining machine part, and improve the reliability of the coal mining machine part.

[0048] When the annular electric heating pipe 93 is powered on, the PLC controller 48 controls the heating temperature of the annular electric heating pipe 93 to be the temperature of the thermal aging treatment of the parts of the coal mining machine, and the heat generated by the annular electric heating pipe 93 is irradiated to the parts of the coal mining machine under the constraint of the annular heat shield 92, the parts of the coal mining machine are heat treated, and then naturally cooled, in this process, the high-frequency vibration generated by the rotating polishing ring 81 can also assist the release of residual stress at the cutting position of the parts of the coal mining machine, and the annular electric heating pipe 93 can also increase the temperature of the uncut area of the metal plate and the heat diffusion area of the coal mining machine, the temperature increase of the uncut position of the metal plate can achieve the effect of preheating, avoiding the rapid expansion caused by the sharp temperature rise during laser aggregation cutting, and the temperature increase of the heat diffusion area of the parts of the coal mining machine can reduce the temperature difference of each part of the coal mining machine, so as to ensure that the heat dissipation of the coal mining machine parts is as uniform as possible during cooling, thereby effectively reducing the amount of residual stress of the coal mining machine parts, at the same time, the airflow sprayed by the U-shaped pipe 410 mainly cools the high-temperature area of the parts of the coal mining machine close to the laser cutting position, because the temperature of the parts of the coal mining machine close to the laser cutting position is higher, if the temperature of the parts of the coal mining machine close to the laser cutting position is not cooled in time, the temperature difference between the cutting position and the heat diffusion area of the parts of the coal mining machine will be too large, thereby increasing the residual stress, therefore, the heating of the annular electric heating pipe 93 and the air cooling of the U-shaped pipe 410 are not at the same position, and there is no mutual interference, which can further improve the effect of releasing the residual stress of the parts of the coal mining machine, so that the parts of the coal mining machine can continuously work under stress without being disturbed by the residual stress, and are not prone to deformation, cracking and damage, thereby improving the stability and durability of the use of the parts of the coal mining machine.

[0049] The laser cutting machine for the parts of the coal mining machine can eliminate the interference of impurities in the metal plate on cutting, clean the slag, improve the flatness of the surface of the parts, save the subsequent polishing process, improve the processing convenience and efficiency, and the laser cutting machine also has the functions of purifying laser cutting smoke and preventing the internal microstructure of the parts of the coal mining machine from changing, and through the cooperation of the heat treatment mechanism 9, the polishing mechanism 8 and the smoke treatment mechanism 4, the residual stress of the parts of the coal mining machine can be effectively released, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the laser cutting machine in machining the parts of the coal mining machine, and ensuring the stability and durability of the use of the parts of the coal mining machine.

[0050] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts, comprising a laser cutting machine body (1), a movable seat (2) and a laser cutting head (20), characterized in that: The placement table of the laser cutting machine body (1) is connected to a positioning bar (10) by installing bolts, and a plurality of threaded blind holes for fixing the positioning bar (10) are horizontally opened on the upper surface of the placement table of the laser cutting machine body (1), and an electric push rod (11) is fixedly embedded in the inner side of the frame of the laser cutting machine body (1), and the movable end of the electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped clamping bar (12), and the outer wall of the laser cutting head (20) is movably sleeved with a hollow conductive slip ring (13), and the outer wall of the rotating part of the hollow conductive slip ring (13) is fixedly sleeved with a connecting ring (14), and the top end of the connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected to a hard pipe (15), and the top end of the hard pipe (15) is fixedly connected to a smoke and dust treatment mechanism (4); Two fixing mechanisms (7) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (14), and the outer walls of the fixing mechanisms (7) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat (2); A sealing bearing (16) is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the connecting ring (14); an outer cylinder (17) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the sealing bearing (16); and a grinding mechanism (8) is connected to the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17); The outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder (17) is fixedly connected with a heat treatment mechanism (9); An extension tube (18) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting ring (14), and an infrared temperature sensor (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the extension tube (18); The upper surface of the connecting ring (14) is fixedly connected to a driving mechanism (3) for rotating the outer cylinder (17).

2. A laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke and dust treatment mechanism (4) includes a heat-resistant hose (41) fixedly connected to the top of the hard pipe (15), the top of the heat-resistant hose (41) is fixedly connected to a treatment box (42), the lower surface of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the laser cutting machine body (1), the inner wall of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to a partition plate (43), the upper surface of the partition plate (43) and the inner wall of the treatment box (42) are fixedly connected to a vertical partition plate (44), the partition plate (43) and the vertical partition plate (44) separate the internal cavity of the treatment box (42) into a filtering area (45), an installation area (46) and a cooling area (47), the inner wall of the treatment box (42) located in the filtering area (45) is fixedly connected to a filter assembly (5), and the treatment box (42) is located A rectangular hole is provided on the top outer wall of the cooling zone (47), and a cooling assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the rectangular hole. The partition plate (43) is located on the upper surface of the installation zone (46) and is fixedly connected to a PLC controller (48). The outer wall of the processing box (42) located in the cooling zone (47) is fixedly connected to a delivery pipe (49). The gas outlet end of the delivery pipe (49) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped conduit (410). The outer wall of the U-shaped conduit (410) is movably connected to a sleeve (411). The outer wall of the sleeve (411) is provided with a threaded hole, and the hole wall of the threaded hole is threadedly connected to a positioning bolt (412). The outer wall of the sleeve (411) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped rod (413), and the top end of the L-shaped rod (413) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hard tube (15).

3. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly (5) comprises an activated carbon filter plate (51), a support mesh plate (52), a filter cotton core (53) and a high-temperature resistant filter cloth layer (54) which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the treatment box (42) and the lower surface of the partition plate (43). The inner wall of the bottom end of the treatment box (42) is fixedly connected to an air pump (55). The output end of the air pump (55) is fixedly connected to a curved pipe (56). The air outlet end of the curved pipe (56) passes through the upper surface of the partition plate (43) and is connected to the internal cavity of the cooling zone (47).

4. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling component (6) comprises a rectangular metal plate (61), a plurality of semiconductor cooling fins (62) are fixedly embedded in the top end of the rectangular metal plate (61), a plurality of metal mesh plates (63) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rectangular metal plate (61), an arc-shaped guide block (64) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the partition plate (43) and the vertical partition plate (44), a U-shaped tube (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the processing box (42), and a plurality of injection holes (66) are opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube (65) near the heat dissipation side of the plurality of semiconductor cooling fins (62).

5. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (7) comprises an adjusting rod (71) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (14); the rod wall of the adjusting rod (71) is movably sleeved on a limiting cylinder (72); a screw hole is provided on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (72); a connecting bolt (73) is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the screw hole; a U-shaped block (74) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (72); and the outer wall of the U-shaped block (74) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the movable seat (2).

6. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (8) comprises a grinding ring (81), the top of which is fixedly embedded with two connecting rods (82), the bottom raised upper surface of the outer cylinder (17) is provided with a mounting hole matched with the connecting rod (82), the top of the connecting rod (82) is provided with a socket, and the hole wall of the socket is movably connected with a latch (83), the rod wall of the connecting rod (82) is sleeved with a spring (84), the two ends of the spring (84) are respectively fixedly connected to the raised upper surface of the outer cylinder (17) and the outer wall of the latch (83), and the bottom outer wall of the outer cylinder (17) is provided with a plurality of air holes (85).

7. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment mechanism (9) comprises two L-shaped blocks (91) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder (17), the bottom ends of the two L-shaped blocks (91) are fixedly connected to an annular heat insulation cover (92), and the inner wall of the annular heat insulation cover (92) is fixedly connected to an annular electric heating pipe (93).

8. The laser cutting device for coal mining machine parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (3) includes a driving motor (31) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (14), a gear (32) fixedly connected to the rotating end of the driving motor (31), and an inner gear ring (33) meshing with the outer wall of the gear (32) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the outer cylinder (17).

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