A continuous carbonization device and working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of biomass carbonization, and specifically relates to a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof. The continuous carbonization device controls a carbonization furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a temperature-raising and disinfecting mechanism, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and a temperature-lowering and dust-removing mechanism through a control module to realize continuous carbonization of biomass.

Description

[0001] The application number of this invention is: 201911340960.1, the application date is: December 23, 2019, and the name of the invention is: A continuous carbonization device and its working method. Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization, and in particular to a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0003] There are a lot of branches, barks, sawdust, wood shavings and other biomass in wood processing and garden waste. These biomass can generally be used as fuel, while some are directly thrown away. When used as fuel, due to factors such as calorific value and moisture, it is easy to cause incomplete combustion and produce black smoke, which pollutes the atmosphere. Directly throwing it away will pollute and damage the environment.

[0004] Existing carbonization furnaces mainly carbonize biomass to form high-grade energy and use it as fuel, but the carbonization efficiency is low due to unstable operation, and the emission is not easy to meet the standards. At the same time, a large amount of wood gas (combustible gas) is generated during the carbonization process. Although it can be transported to places where combustion is required for heating, there are unsafe factors such as easy leakage, fire, and gas explosion, which do not meet the requirements of safe production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous carbonization device and a working method thereof, which respectively controls the carbonization furnace, feed drying mechanism, temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and temperature falling and dust removal mechanism to work through a control module to realize continuous carbonization operation of biomass.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a continuous carbonization device, including: a control module, a carbonization furnace controlled by the control module, a feed drying mechanism located at the feed end of the carbonization furnace, a temperature rising and disinfection mechanism located at the discharge end of the carbonization furnace, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism located at the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and a cooling and dust removal mechanism connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace, and discharge it to the temperature rising and disinfection mechanism for temperature rising and disinfection after carbonization by the carbonization furnace; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the cooled flue gas.

[0007] Furthermore, the feed drying mechanism includes: a material dryer and a cyclone separation component which are located at the feed end of the carbonization furnace and are connected in sequence; wherein the cyclone separation component includes: a cyclone separator connected to the material dryer, an induced draft fan located at the top of the cyclone separator and a dry material bin located at the bottom of the cyclone separator; and the inlet end of the material dryer and the outlet end of the dry material bin are both provided with corresponding screw conveyors for continuously conveying biomass.

[0008] Furthermore, the screw conveyor includes: a conveying motor, a feed trough, a feed shaft located in the feed trough, and a plurality of feed components that are sequentially staggered on the feed shaft; wherein the feed components include: a pair of spiral blades located on the same vertical section; the adjacent angles of the spiral blades are 15-45°; and two adjacent pairs of spiral blades are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed shaft, and form a spiral material channel with the feed trough.

[0009] Furthermore, the carbonization furnace includes: a furnace body, a multi-stage air distribution module connected to the interior of the furnace body, a combustion chamber located at the upper part of the furnace body, a pyrolysis tank located at the lower part of the furnace body and a high-temperature agitator located in the pyrolysis tank; a screw conveyor located at the outlet end of the dry material bin, whose feed trough is suitable for extending into the interior of the furnace body and connecting with the pyrolysis tank to guide biomass into the pyrolysis tank; air enters the furnace body through the multi-stage air distribution module, and is fully burned with the combustible gas in the furnace body in the combustion chamber to carbonize the biomass in the pyrolysis tank; and the high-temperature agitator is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-stage air distribution module includes: a plurality of primary air distribution ports located on both sides of the pyrolysis tank, a plurality of secondary air distribution ports located in the middle of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of tertiary air distribution ports located in the upper part of the combustion chamber; wherein each level of air distribution ports is respectively connected to the blower through corresponding air distribution pipes.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-temperature agitator includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft located in the pyrolysis tank, a plurality of stirring components located on the circumference of the stirring shaft and a discharge blade located at the discharge end of the stirring shaft; wherein the stirring components include: four mounting plates located on the same radial section of the stirring shaft and distributed in a cross shape, a scraper located on each mounting plate and a connecting plate located on each scraper; each stirring component is staggered in sequence along the axial direction of the stirring shaft, and the phase difference between adjacent stirring components is 45°; the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to two axially adjacent scrapers to form a spiral shape; and the stirring motor is suitable for driving the stirring shaft to rotate to stir the pyrolyzed biomass and make it flow out along the discharge blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the carbonization furnace also includes: a water spray module connected to the inside of the furnace body; the water spray module includes: a feed trough located at the outlet end of the dry material bin and a plurality of water spray ports on both sides of the combustion chamber; and each water spray port is connected to the furnace body water pump through a corresponding water pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism includes: a main heat exchanger connected to the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and a circulating medium pump located on the main heat exchanger; the main heat exchanger is suitable for absorbing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to heat the heat-conducting medium in the main heat exchanger; and the circulating medium pump is suitable for transporting the heat-conducting medium to the feed drying mechanism and the temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism respectively through corresponding medium conduits for drying treatment or temperature rising and disinfecting treatment of the biomass.

[0014] Furthermore, the cooling and dust removal mechanism includes: a circulating water pump, a water bath dust collector connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and an exhaust fan located on the top of the water bath dust collector; wherein the circulating water pump is suitable for circulating washing liquid into the water bath dust collector to wash and purify the cooled flue gas; and the exhaust fan is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature-raising and disinfecting mechanism comprises: a temperature-raising and disinfecting machine connected to the discharge end of the carbonization furnace; and a screw conveyor is provided at the discharge end of the temperature-raising and disinfecting machine to convey the disinfected biomass to the material outlet.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a working method of a continuous carbonization device, comprising: a control module, a carbonization furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and a temperature falling and dust removal mechanism respectively connected to the corresponding output ends of the control module; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace, and discharge it to the temperature rising and disinfection mechanism for temperature rising and disinfection after carbonization by the carbonization furnace; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the temperature falling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the flue gas after cooling.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the continuous carbonization device and its working method of the present invention respectively control the carbonization furnace, feed drying mechanism, temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and temperature falling and dust removal mechanism through the control module to realize the continuous carbonization operation of biomass. It can not only ensure the continuous carbonization operation and improve the production efficiency, but also heat exchange and cool down the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process, wash and purify it to meet the environmental protection requirements; at the same time, it can also make full use of the heat exchanged by the high-temperature flue gas during the heat exchange and cooling process, and use it as energy for drying or heating and disinfecting the biomass, saving energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2It is a principle block diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a front view of the carbonization furnace of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the AA view in the main view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed shaft of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6a It is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6b is a front view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6c It is a right side view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] Carbonization furnace 1, furnace body 11, feed end 111, discharge end 112, smoke outlet 113, temporary exhaust port 1131, normal discharge port 1132, air valve 1133, fire viewing port 114, high temperature sight glass 115, multi-stage air distribution module 12, primary air distribution port 121, secondary air distribution port 122, tertiary air distribution port 123, air distribution pipe 124, primary blower 1251, secondary blower 1252, combustion chamber 13, pyrolysis tank 14, high temperature stirrer 15, stirring shaft 151, stirring assembly 152, phase difference β between adjacent stirring assemblies 152, mounting plate 1521, scraper 1522, connecting plate 1523, discharge blade 153, blade channel 1531, water spray module 16, preheating module 17, temperature measuring thermocouple 18;

[0029] Feed drying mechanism 2, material dryer 21, cyclone separation assembly 22, cyclone separator 221, induced draft fan 222, dry material bin 223, screw conveyor 23, feed trough 231, feed shaft 232, feed assembly 233, spiral blade 2331, adjacent angle α of spiral blade 2331;

[0030] Temperature rising and disinfection mechanism 3, temperature rising and disinfection machine 31, material outlet 32;

[0031] Flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4, main heat exchanger 41, circulating medium pump 42, medium conduit 43, auxiliary heat exchanger 44, medium storage tank 45;

[0032] Cooling and dust removal mechanism 5, circulating water pump 51, water bath dust collector 52, exhaust fan 53;

[0033] Carbon adsorption deodorization mechanism 6, carbon adsorption deodorizer 61. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a principle block diagram of the continuous carbonization device of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a continuous carbonization device, including: a control module, a carbonization furnace 1 controlled by the control module, a feed drying mechanism 2 located at the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1, a temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism 3 located at the discharge end 112 of the carbonization furnace 1, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 located at the smoke outlet 113 of the carbonization furnace 1, and a cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism 2 to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace 1, and discharge it to the temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism 3 for temperature rising and disinfection after carbonization by the carbonization furnace 1; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 is suitable for heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 is suitable for washing and purifying the flue gas after cooling.

[0039] Optionally, the biomass includes but is not limited to sludge, branches, bark, sawdust, wood shavings, etc.

[0040] Optionally, the high-temperature parts of the carbonization furnace (such as the furnace body, combustion chamber, etc.) are made of SUS310S stainless steel and refractory materials. The furnace body, high-temperature flue gas duct, and heat exchanger are all provided with thermal insulation layers to reduce heat dissipation losses. On the one hand, it can improve the thermal efficiency of the whole machine, and at the same time, it can also play a role in heat insulation protection.

[0041] Optionally, the control module, for example but not limited to, adopts a PLC programmable logic controller, which can control relevant mechanisms (such as a chemical furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism, a temperature falling and dust removal mechanism, etc.) to work, and automatically adjust according to relevant parameters. The degree of automation is very high, the quality of the finished product is stable, and the safety and reliability of the equipment are very high.

[0042] As an optional implementation of the feed drying mechanism.

[0043] See Figure 1The feed drying mechanism 2 includes: a material dryer 21 and a cyclone separation component 22 which are located at the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1 and are connected in sequence; wherein the cyclone separation component 22 includes: a cyclone separator 221 connected to the material dryer 21, an induced draft fan 222 located at the top of the cyclone separator 221 and a dry material bin 223 located at the bottom of the cyclone separator 221; and the inlet end of the material dryer 21 and the outlet end of the dry material bin 223 are both provided with corresponding screw conveyors 23 for continuously conveying biomass.

[0044] Optionally, the cyclone separator 221 is suitable for separating gas and solid material in biomass, the gas is discharged from the outlet end of the induced draft fan 222, and the solid material (i.e., dry biomass) falls from the bottom of the cyclone separator to the dry material bin for transportation to the carbonization furnace for pyrolysis and carbonization.

[0045] The feed drying mechanism of this embodiment uses a material dryer and a cyclone separator in combination to dry and separate the biomass raw materials with high moisture content to remove moisture from the biomass, thereby avoiding incomplete combustion due to moisture factors and the generation of black smoke and other pollution. The high-moisture biomass enters the carbonization furnace after drying. When the biomass is heated to a certain temperature, it begins to pyrolyze, while releasing combustible gas and burning, further increasing the temperature in the combustion chamber and accelerating the pyrolysis process of the biomass. New biomass is continuously added, and the biochar formed after pyrolysis is continuously discharged, forming a continuous operation.

[0046] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed shaft of the present invention.

[0047] As an optional implementation of a screw conveyor.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 The screw conveyor 23 includes: a conveying motor, a feed trough 231, a feed shaft 232 located in the feed trough 231, and a plurality of feed components 233 arranged on the feed shaft 232 in sequence; wherein the feed component 233 includes: a pair of spiral blades 2331 located on the same vertical section; the adjacent angle α of the spiral blades 2331 is 15-45°C, which can be 20°C or 30°C; and two adjacent pairs of spiral blades 2331 are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed shaft 232, and form a spiral material channel with the feed trough 231. When the conveying motor drives the feed shaft to rotate, the two adjacent feed components take turns to pick up the biomass to drive the biomass to flip forward in the material channel, thereby realizing the material conveying, stirring, cutting, mixing and other actions.

[0049] Generally, the more spiral blades there are in the same conveying component, the smaller the angle α is, and the more times the material is cut by the spiral blades during the conveying process, the smaller the particle size of large particles will be, especially for long strips of material, such as wood shavings, branches, bark, etc.

[0050] Optionally, the spiral blade is fan-shaped.

[0051] The screw conveyor of this embodiment forms a spiral shape by staggeredly setting a plurality of feeding components on the feeding shaft in sequence, which can realize repeated flipping and cutting of materials during the conveying process. It can not only fully mix and stir various biomass to meet the requirements of continuous conveying of biomass, but also cut long strips of biomass during the conveying process, thereby improving the mixing uniformity of various biomass and having the advantages of high conveying efficiency and uniform mixing.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a front view of a carbonization furnace of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 It is the AA view in the main view of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6a It is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring shaft of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 6b It is a front view of the stirring shaft of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 6c It is a right side view of the stirring shaft of the present invention.

[0057] As an optional implementation of a carbonization furnace.

[0058] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The carbonization furnace 1 includes: a furnace body 11, a multi-stage air distribution module 12 connected to the interior of the furnace body 11, a combustion chamber 13 located at the upper part of the furnace body 11, a pyrolysis tank 14 located at the lower part of the furnace body 11, and a high-temperature stirrer 15 located in the pyrolysis tank 14; a screw conveyor 23 located at the outlet end of the dry material bin 223, whose feed trough 231 is suitable for extending into the interior of the furnace body 11 and connecting with the pyrolysis tank 14 to guide biomass into the pyrolysis tank 14; air enters the furnace body 11 through the multi-stage air distribution module 12, and is fully burned with the combustible gas in the furnace body 11 in the combustion chamber 13, so that the biomass in the pyrolysis tank 14 is carbonized; and the high-temperature stirrer 15 is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank 14.

[0059] Optionally, the combustible gas includes but is not limited to wood gas (such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen) generated during the carbonization process.

[0060] Optional, see Figure 4The feed end 111 of the furnace body 11 is provided with a fire viewing port 114 for observing the combustion of the combustible gas. Generally, when the carbon monoxide in the wood gas is fully burned, the flame is blue; when the carbon monoxide is not fully burned, the flame is orange. Air can be introduced into the furnace body through a multi-stage air distribution module to fully burn the carbon monoxide.

[0061] Optional, see Figure 3 The discharge end 112 of the furnace body 1 is provided with a high-temperature sight glass 115 for observing the carbonization condition of the biomass. Air can be introduced into the furnace body through a multi-stage air distribution module to adjust the carbonization condition of the biomass.

[0062] Optional, see Figure 3 The multi-stage air distribution module 12 includes: a plurality of primary air distribution ports 121 located on both sides of the pyrolysis tank 14, a plurality of secondary air distribution ports 122 located in the middle of the combustion chamber 13, and a plurality of tertiary air distribution ports 123 located in the upper part of the combustion chamber 13; wherein each level of air distribution ports is connected to the blower through a corresponding air distribution pipe 124. Specifically, the primary air distribution port 121 is independently connected to a primary blower 1251 to blow air into the pyrolysis tank to change the oxygen content in the pyrolysis tank. The secondary air distribution port 122 and the tertiary air distribution port 123 share a secondary blower 1252 and act together on the combustion chamber, which can change the oxygen content of each part of the combustion chamber, fully burn the wood gas, and also change the carbonization efficiency of the biomass. The primary air distribution and the second and third stage air distribution are used for oxygen supplementation. The required air flow rate is adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the blowers at each level, so that the combustible gas produced by the pyrolysis of biomass can be stably and fully burned, and all of it is concentrated in the combustion chamber for combustion. There is no possibility of leakage of combustible gas, which solves the problem of conventional carbonization furnaces needing to discharge combustible gas from the carbonization furnace or transport it to other places through pipelines for combustion, which may cause leakage, gas explosion and other unsafe factors. It has the advantages of good sealing, independent adjustment and system stability.

[0063] Optional, see Figure 6a , Figure 6b , Figure 6cThe high-temperature agitator 15 includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft 151 located in the pyrolysis tank 14, a plurality of stirring components 152 located on the circumference of the stirring shaft 151, and a discharge blade 153 located at the discharge end of the stirring shaft 152; wherein the stirring component 152 includes: four mounting plates 1521 located on the same radial section of the stirring shaft 151 and distributed in a cross shape, a scraper 1522 located on each mounting plate 1521, and a connecting plate 1523 located on each scraper 1522; each stirring component 152 is staggered in sequence along the axial direction of the stirring shaft 151, and the phase difference β between adjacent stirring components 152 is 45°; the two ends of the connecting plate 1523 are respectively connected to two axially adjacent scrapers 1522 to form a spiral shape; and the stirring motor is suitable for driving the stirring shaft 151 to rotate to stir the pyrolyzed biomass and make it flow out along the discharge blade 153. When the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft 152 to rotate, the scraper 1522 rotates together with the connecting plate 1523, driving the high-temperature biomass in the carbonization furnace to roll and flow toward the discharge end 112, thereby achieving the purpose of stirring and continuously conveying the high-temperature biomass.

[0064] Optional, see Figure 6b The discharge blade 153 is a spiral blade with a blade channel 1531; the inlet end of the blade channel 1531 is connected to the stirring assembly 152 to guide the high-temperature biomass tumbling in the stirring assembly to flow out of the carbonization furnace, which can effectively prevent the high-temperature biomass from clogging at the discharge port and improve the sealing of the carbonization furnace, thereby ensuring the carbonization effect. In this embodiment 1, the connection method of the stirring shaft, the mounting plate, the scraper, the connecting plate and other components can be but not limited to installation by welding.

[0065] Optional, see Figure 4 The carbonization furnace 1 also includes: a water spray module 16 connected to the inside of the furnace body 11; the water spray module 16 includes: a feed trough 231 respectively located at the outlet end of the dry material bin 223, and a plurality of water spray ports on both sides of the combustion chamber 13; and each water spray port is connected to the furnace body water pump through a corresponding water pipe, which can prevent the temperature from being too high, thereby affecting the life of the equipment, and also improve the safety of the equipment.

[0066] Optional, see Figure 4 The carbonization furnace 1 further includes: a preheating module 17 located at the upper part of the furnace body 1. The preheating module is, for example but not limited to, a diesel burner, which preheats the biomass entering the carbonization furnace to increase its temperature before pyrolysis, thereby further improving the carbonization efficiency.

[0067] Optionally, the feed end 111 of the carbonization furnace 1, the bottom of the pyrolysis tank 14, and both sides of the combustion chamber 13 are equipped with temperature measuring thermocouples 18 to detect the temperature of each part in the carbonization furnace and realize an automatically controlled carbonization process.

[0068] The carbonization furnace of this embodiment can observe the flame and the carbonization of biomass through the fire viewing port and the high-temperature sight glass respectively, and then introduce air into the furnace body through the multi-stage air distribution module to fully burn with the combustible gas in the furnace body, which can not only ensure that the biomass in the pyrolysis tank is fully carbonized, but also burn a large amount of combustible gas generated during the biomass carbonization process, thereby improving the carbonization efficiency, reducing gas emissions, and reducing pollution; through the pyrolysis tank and the high-temperature agitator therein, continuous carbonization operation of biomass can be achieved, which helps to ensure the sealing of the furnace body and improve the carbonization effect and production efficiency.

[0069] As an optional implementation of the flue gas heat exchange mechanism.

[0070] See Figure 1 The flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 includes: a main heat exchanger 41 connected to the smoke outlet 113 of the carbonization furnace 1, and a circulating medium pump 42 located on the main heat exchanger 41; the main heat exchanger 41 is suitable for absorbing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to heat the heat-conducting medium in the main heat exchanger 41; and the circulating medium pump 42 is suitable for conveying the heat-conducting medium to the feed drying mechanism 2, the temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism 3 (such as Figure 1 The process is shown in the direction of the arrow in the middle) and is used for drying or heating disinfection of biomass, which can make full use of the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas and improve energy utilization.

[0071] Optionally, the heat transfer medium, such as but not limited to air, heat transfer oil, etc., is introduced into the main heat exchanger 41 through the medium storage tank 45 .

[0072] Optionally, the carbonization furnace is provided with two smoke outlets 113 on the top, one of which is a temporary exhaust port 1131, and the other is a normal exhaust port 1132 for high-temperature smoke, and is connected to the smoke heat exchange mechanism 4, and the two smoke outlets are controlled by a wind valve 1133 to switch freely.

[0073] Optional, see Figure 1 The flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4 also includes a plurality of auxiliary heat exchangers 44 located on the medium conduit 43 to improve the heat absorption efficiency of the heat-conducting medium.

[0074] As an optional implementation of the cooling and dust removal mechanism.

[0075] See Figure 1 The cooling and dust removal mechanism 5 includes: a circulating water pump 51, a water bath dust collector 52 connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism 4, and an exhaust fan 53 located at the top of the water bath dust collector 52; wherein the circulating water pump 51 is suitable for circulating washing liquid into the water bath dust collector 52 to wash and purify the cooled flue gas; and the exhaust fan 53 is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

[0076] The flue gas cooled by the heat exchanger enters the water bath dust collector for washing, and the purified flue gas is discharged through the exhaust fan, which meets the national emission standards. At the same time, the flue gas contains wood tar and wood vinegar, which are cooled and washed by the water bath dust collector and then mixed with the washing liquid. After reaching a certain concentration in the water bath dust collector, it is discharged and recovered.

[0077] As an optional implementation of the temperature raising and disinfection mechanism.

[0078] See Figure 1 The temperature-raising and disinfecting mechanism 3 comprises: a temperature-raising and disinfecting machine 31 connected to the discharge end 112 of the carbonization furnace 1; a screw conveyor 23 is provided at the discharge end of the temperature-raising and disinfecting machine 31, and the pyrolysis and carbonized biomass is transported out through the material outlet 32 ​​after temperature-raising and disinfection. Of course, for the sake of environmental protection, a carbon adsorption and deodorization mechanism 6 can also be connected to the air outlet of the temperature-raising and disinfecting machine 31 (the structure of the carbon adsorption and deodorization mechanism 6 is similar to that of the temperature-lowering and dust-removing mechanism 5, except that a carbon adsorption and deodorization device 61 is added between the water bath dust collector and the exhaust fan to absorb and remove odor through activated carbon) to purify and remove dust from the smoke generated by the biomass during the temperature-raising and disinfecting process.

[0079] In addition, the continuous carbonization device produces biochar after carbonizing biomass, and biochar is a kind of charcoal used as a soil conditioner, which can help plants grow and can be used for agricultural purposes and carbon collection and storage. The use of biochar can increase agricultural productivity by 20%, purify water quality and help reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. It can also be mixed with other substances to make carbon-based compound fertilizers. According to different production processes, the carbonization furnace can also produce activated carbon. Organic waste such as sludge and chicken manure can also be mixed with biomass and carbonized to increase the content of trace elements in biochar, which has a wide range of applicability.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] See Figure 2 On the basis of Example 1, this Example 2 provides a working method of a continuous carbonization device, including: a control module, a carbonization furnace, a feed drying mechanism, a temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, a flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and a temperature falling and dust removal mechanism respectively connected to the corresponding output ends of the control module; wherein the control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport dry biomass into the carbonization furnace, and discharge it to the temperature rising and disinfection mechanism for temperature rising and disinfection after carbonization by the carbonization furnace; the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and the temperature falling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the flue gas after cooling.

[0082] Optionally, the control module, for example but not limited to, adopts an industrial control board or a PLC module, and the industrial control board can be a MYD-C7Z010 / 20 industrial control board, which is externally connected to a human-computer interaction machine or controller, and can manually control the carbonization furnace, feed drying mechanism, temperature rising and disinfection mechanism, flue gas heat exchange mechanism, temperature falling and dust removal mechanism and other components to work.

[0083] For the specific structure and implementation process of the carbonization furnace, please refer to the relevant discussion in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] In summary, the continuous carbonization device and its working method respectively control the carbonization furnace, the feed drying mechanism, the heating and disinfection mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and the cooling and dust removal mechanism through the control module to realize the continuous automatic carbonization operation of biomass; the biomass raw materials with high moisture content are dried and separated by the material drying mechanism to remove the moisture in the biomass, so as to avoid incomplete combustion due to moisture factors and the generation of black smoke and other pollution; the continuous carbonization operation is realized by the carbonization furnace and the multi-stage air distribution module, high-temperature agitator, and water spray module therein, which helps to ensure the sealing of the furnace body and the full combustion of the combustible gas, and improves the carbonization effect and production efficiency; the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process is heat exchanged, cooled, washed and purified by the cooling and dust removal mechanism to meet environmental protection requirements, and at the same time, the heat exchanged by the high-temperature flue gas during the heat exchange and cooling process can be fully utilized for the drying treatment of the feed drying mechanism or the heating and disinfection treatment of the heating and disinfection mechanism, saving energy; therefore, the continuous carbonization device is a high-efficiency carbonization device with continuous automation, high carbonization rate, safety and reliability, low emissions, and full utilization of waste heat.

[0085] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A continuous carbonization device, characterized in that: include: A carbonization furnace and a feed drying mechanism for continuously conveying dried biomass into the carbonization furnace; in The feed drying mechanism includes: a material dryer and a cyclone separation component which are connected to the feed end of the carbonization furnace and are connected in sequence; the cyclone separation component includes: a cyclone separator connected to the material dryer, an induced draft fan located at the top of the cyclone separator and a dry material bin located at the bottom of the cyclone separator; and the inlet end of the material dryer and the outlet end of the dry material bin are both provided with corresponding screw conveyors for continuous biomass feeding; the screw conveyor includes: a conveying motor, a feed trough, a feed shaft located in the feed trough, and a plurality of feed components which are sequentially staggered and arranged on the feed shaft; wherein the feed component includes: a pair of spiral blades located on the same vertical section; the adjacent angles of the spiral blades are 15°-45°; and two adjacent pairs of spiral blades are respectively located on opposite sides of the feed shaft and form a spiral material channel with the feed trough; The carbonization furnace comprises: a furnace body, a multi-stage air distribution module connected to the furnace body, a combustion chamber located at the upper part of the furnace body, a pyrolysis tank located at the lower part of the furnace body and a high-temperature stirrer located in the pyrolysis tank; a screw conveyor located at the outlet end of the dry material bin, whose feed trough is suitable for extending into the furnace body and connecting with the pyrolysis tank to guide biomass into the pyrolysis tank; air enters the furnace body through the multi-stage air distribution module and fully burns with the combustible gas in the furnace body in the combustion chamber to carbonize the biomass in the pyrolysis tank; and the high-temperature stirrer is suitable for continuously stirring and outputting the biomass in the pyrolysis tank; the multi-stage air distribution module comprises: a plurality of primary air distribution ports located on both sides of the pyrolysis tank, a plurality of secondary air distribution ports located in the middle of the combustion chamber and a plurality of tertiary air distribution ports located in the upper part of the combustion chamber; Among them, each level of air distribution outlet is connected to the blower through the corresponding air distribution pipe; the high-temperature agitator includes: a stirring motor, a stirring shaft located in the pyrolysis tank, a plurality of stirring components located on the circumference of the stirring shaft and a discharge blade located at the discharge end of the stirring shaft; wherein the stirring component includes: four mounting plates located on the same radial section of the stirring shaft and distributed in a cross shape, a scraper located on each mounting plate and a connecting plate located on each scraper; each stirring component is staggered in sequence along the axial direction of the stirring shaft, and the phase difference between adjacent stirring components is 45°; the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to two axially adjacent scrapers to form a spiral shape; and the stirring motor is suitable for driving the stirring shaft to rotate to stir the pyrolyzed biomass and make it flow out along the discharge blade.

2. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization furnace further comprises: a water spray module communicating with the interior of the furnace body; The water spray module comprises: a feed trough located at the outlet end of the dry material bin and a plurality of water spray ports located at both sides of the combustion chamber; and Each water spray port is connected to the furnace water pump through a corresponding water pipe.

3. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous carbonization device also includes: a control module, the carbonization furnace, the feed drying mechanism, the temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism and the temperature falling and dust removal mechanism controlled by the control module; wherein, The feed drying mechanism is connected to the feed end of the carbonization furnace, the temperature rising and disinfecting mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the carbonization furnace, the flue gas heat exchange mechanism is connected to the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and the temperature lowering and dust removing mechanism is connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism; The control module is suitable for controlling the feed drying mechanism to continuously transport the dried biomass into the carbonization furnace, and discharge the biomass to the temperature rising and disinfection mechanism for temperature rising and disinfection after carbonization in the carbonization furnace; The flue gas heat exchange mechanism is suitable for heat exchange and cooling of the high-temperature flue gas discharged during the carbonization process; and The cooling and dust removal mechanism is suitable for washing and purifying the flue gas after cooling.

4. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flue gas heat exchange mechanism comprises: a main heat exchanger connected to the smoke outlet of the carbonization furnace, and a circulating medium pump located on the main heat exchanger; The main heat exchanger is suitable for absorbing heat from high-temperature flue gas to heat the heat transfer medium in the main heat exchanger; and The circulating medium pump is suitable for conveying the heat-conducting medium to the feed drying mechanism and the temperature-raising and disinfecting mechanism respectively through the corresponding medium conduits, so as to be used for the drying treatment or the temperature-raising and disinfecting treatment of the biomass.

5. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling and dust removal mechanism includes: a circulating water pump, a water bath dust collector connected to the flue gas heat exchange mechanism, and an exhaust fan located on the top of the water bath dust collector; wherein, The circulating water pump is suitable for circulating washing liquid into the water bath dust collector to wash and purify the flue gas after cooling; and The exhaust fan is suitable for discharging the purified flue gas.

6. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature-raising and disinfecting mechanism comprises: a temperature-raising and disinfecting machine connected to the discharge end of the carbonization furnace; The discharge end of the temperature-raising disinfection machine is provided with a screw conveyor to convey the disinfected biomass to the material outlet.

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