A sensor drilling radial deployment system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sensor radial deployment system and method for drilling. The deployment system includes a support mechanism. A drilling platform and a platform lifting control mechanism are installed on the support mechanism, a slide rail is installed on the drilling platform, a motor is installed on the slide rail, a motor translation control mechanism is installed on the support mechanism, and the motor translates on the slide rail by means of the motor translation control mechanism. A positioning mechanism and a drill rod transmission mechanism are installed on the support mechanism. The drill rod transmission mechanism is used to lower and lift the drill rod. The positioning mechanism is used to fix the drilling device or the drill rod. The drilling device includes a carrier and a drill bit, and the carrier includes a carrier wing that is controlled to adsorb and detach by electromagnetic force, and the deployed sensors are installed on the carrier wing. When the sensor is deployed, the motor directly or indirectly drives the drilling device to operate, and when the hole is opened, the motor directly drives the hole opener to open a hole on the well wall. The present invention realizes the functions of radial drilling in the well, automatic deployment and retraction of sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a system and a method for arranging sensors at a target depth downhole along a radial direction of a well, belonging to the technical field of downhole installation of sensors. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring the leaching process of farmland is an important part of crop supervision and food income generation. The leaching process of farmland is complex. The conventional practice is to drill wells and radially deploy sensors (soil parameter detection sensors) at the target depth underground to monitor the relevant parameters for a long time. At present, due to the constraints of technology and equipment, the deployment of sensors in the radial direction of the well is mostly done manually, that is, workers go down the well and use traditional wall drilling tools to complete the drilling along the radial direction of the well, and then place the sensor in the hole. From the actual implementation process, it can be found that the above-mentioned method of workers going down the well to deploy sensors has the following defects: first, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the labor cost is high; second, the underground environment is unknown, and there are personal safety issues; third, it is difficult to deploy sensors in deeper positions of the well, and the depth of the well cannot guarantee accuracy; fourth, manual operation is uncontrollable, and the radial deployment accuracy of sensors is difficult to guarantee. In the case where workers cannot go down the well, it is usually considered to use directional drilling equipment in the drilling field to achieve it. However, directional drilling equipment is generally large in size and cannot be lowered into the well as a whole to drill holes. If drilling is carried out by lowering part of the equipment into the well, the depth of the well and the radial drilling accuracy cannot be guaranteed. In addition, existing directional drilling equipment does not have the function of carrying sensors, and it is obviously impossible to retrieve the sensors. From a practical point of view, the above-mentioned problems of the inability to guarantee the accuracy of the well depth position and radial drilling position will make it difficult to monitor the underground environment in situ and the monitoring data will be inaccurate, making it difficult to support scientific research. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a sensor drilling radial deployment system and method, which realizes the functions of downhole radial drilling, automatic deployment and retrieval of sensors, is easy to operate and has low cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A sensor radial deployment system for drilling, comprising a support mechanism, wherein: a drilling platform and a platform lifting control mechanism are installed on the support mechanism, and the drilling platform can move up and down on the support mechanism by means of the platform lifting control mechanism; a slide rail is installed on the drilling platform, a motor is slidably installed on the slide rail, and a motor translation control mechanism is installed on the support mechanism, and the motor can translate on the slide rail by means of the motor translation control mechanism; a positioning mechanism and a drill rod transmission mechanism are installed on the support mechanism; the drill rod transmission mechanism is used to lower the drill rod to realize the installation of the drill rod and to lift the disassembled drill rod to realize the retraction of the drill rod after the sensor deployment is completed; The positioning mechanism is used to hold the drilling device or the drill rod installed on the drilling device to install the next drill rod during drilling operation, and to hold the drill rod installed on the drilling device waiting for the next disassembly or the drilling device to disassemble and retract a drill rod at the end during drilling withdrawal operation; the drilling device includes a carrier and a drill bit, the carrier includes a carrier wing that is controlled to adsorb and detach by electromagnetic force, and the carrier wing is equipped with a sensor for deployment; during the sensor deployment operation, the motor directly or indirectly drives the drilling device to operate, and during the hole opening operation, a hole opener is installed on the motor to directly drive the hole opener to open a hole in the wellbore wall.

[0006] A sensor radial deployment method for drilling is implemented based on the sensor radial deployment system for drilling, and includes the following steps: 1) adjusting and fixing the support mechanism to determine the sensor deployment orientation; 2) installing the hole opener to perform hole opening operations; 3) sequentially installing the drilling device and multiple drill rods, drilling in the radial direction of the drilling in batches to complete the drilling operation; 4) canceling the electromagnetic force so that the electromagnetically adsorbed bearing wing on the drilling device and the sensor thereon remain in the soil to complete the sensor deployment operation; 5) sequentially disassembling the drill rods, and sequentially retracting the drill rods and the drilling device to complete the drill retraction operation; 6) completing the deployment of sensors in the radial direction of the drilling.

[0007] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0008] The present invention realizes the functions of underground radial drilling, automatic deployment and retrieval of sensors, without the need for workers to go down the well to operate, saving time and effort, and the deployment operation is not limited by the well diameter, easy to implement, and the deployment of the underground depth position and radial drilling position is highly accurate and controllable, ensuring the accuracy of the data of in-situ monitoring of the underground environment, and can be applied to various industries such as farmland leaching, water conservancy and environmental geological engineering, underground mineral mining, and intelligent monitoring of municipal underground space construction. The system of the present invention is small in overall size, light in weight, easy to operate, low in cost, and suitable for popularization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the radial deployment system of sensor drilling of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling device.

[0011] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the motor translation control mechanism.

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the hole opening operation.

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the drilling device drilling into place and the positioning mechanism descending to fix the drilling device.

[0014] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a positioning mechanism holding a drilling device and a drill rod transmission mechanism holding the drill rod down to achieve installation.

[0015] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a positioning mechanism holding a drill rod installed on a drilling device, and a drill rod conveying mechanism holding the drill rod down to achieve installation.

[0016] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the drill rod being installed and the motor running.

[0017] Explanation of the reference numerals: 10-support mechanism, 11-top plate, 111-opening, 12-bottom plate, 13-guide shaft, 14-support plate, 15-fixed cross bar, 16-fixed nail, 20-drilling platform, 21-slide rail, 22-platform lifting control mechanism, 221-driving rod, 222-hand wheel, 223-upper bearing, 224-lower bearing, 225-driven linear bearing, 23-guide limit linear bearing, 30-motor, 31-first connecting member, 40-motor translation control mechanism, 41-swing rod, 42-bracket, 43-rotating shaft, 44-following linear bearing, 45-coupling bearing, 46-connecting plate, 47-second connecting member, 48-rotating shaft, 50-drill rod, 51-fixed Fixed hole, 60-carrier, 61-outer cylinder, 62-inner cylinder, 63-linkage bearing, 64-connecting rod, 65-drill pipe joint, 650-positioning hole, 66-carrying wing, 67-sensor, 68-electromagnetic device, 70-positioning mechanism, 71-positioning rod, 72-upper positioning linear bearing, 73-lower positioning bearing, 74-positioning pin, 75-positioning guide linear bearing, 76-positioning connecting plate, 80-drill pipe transmission mechanism, 81-transmission rod, 82-upper transmission linear bearing, 83-lower transmission bearing, 84-transmission pin, 85-transmission guide linear bearing, 86-transmission connecting plate, 91-hole opener, 910-adapter, 92-drill bit, 100-well wall, 101-hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] As Figures 1 to 8 , the present invention provides a sensor drilling radial layout system, including a support mechanism 10, wherein: a drilling platform 20 and a platform lifting control mechanism 22 are installed on the support mechanism 10, and the drilling platform 20 can move up and down on the support mechanism 10 by means of the platform lifting control mechanism 22; a slide rail 21 is installed on the drilling platform 20, and a motor 30 is slidably installed on the slide rail 21. The motor 30 is usually installed on the slide rail 21 by means of a slider (not shown in the figure), and the sliding direction of the motor 30 is horizontal and towards the drilling radial direction. A motor translation control mechanism 40 is installed on the support mechanism 10, and the motor 30 can translate on the slide rail 21 by means of the motor translation control mechanism 40; a positioning mechanism 70 and a drill pipe conveying mechanism 80 are installed on the support mechanism 10; the drill pipe conveying mechanism 80 is used to lower the drill pipe 50 to complete the installation of the drill pipe and lift the removed drill pipe 50 after the sensor layout is completed to realize the recovery of the drill pipe; the positioning mechanism 70 is used to hold the drilling device or the drill pipe 50 already installed on the drilling device to install the next drill pipe 50 during the drilling operation, and to hold the drill pipe 50 waiting for the next disassembly installed on the drilling device or hold the drilling device to disassemble and recover a drill pipe 50 at the end during the drill withdrawal and recovery operation; the drilling device includes a carrier 60 and a drill bit 92, and the carrier 60 includes carrier wings 66 controlled by electromagnetic force to adsorb and disengage, and sensors 67 for layout are installed on the carrier wings 66; during the sensor layout operation, the motor 30 directly or indirectly drives the drilling device to operate. The motor 30 is mainly used to realize the loading and unloading of the drill pipe 50 and drive the drilling device to realize drilling and drill withdrawal. During the hole-opening operation, a hole opener 91 is installed on the motor 30 to directly drive the hole opener 91 to open a hole in the drilling wellbore 100.

[0019] During the drill withdrawal and recovery operation, first disassemble a drill pipe 50 at the end. A drill pipe 50 at the end refers to the drill pipe 50 that is the farthest from the carrier 60 among all the drill pipes 50. The position opposite to the end is the front end. Figure 8 The figure shows a situation where two drill pipes 50 are installed front and back on the carrier 60.

[0020] In the present invention, the number of drill pipes 50 can be one or more. One drill pipe 50 is installed each time, and one drill pipe 50 is disassembled each time. The length and number of the drill pipes 50 are reasonably designed according to the size of the drilling cross-section and the radial layout depth of the sensors. Due to the narrow drilling space, the present invention adopts the method of assembling drill pipes.

[0021] As Figure 1 , the support mechanism 10 includes a top plate 11 and a bottom plate 12, and the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are connected via a guide shaft 13. Figure 1The figure shows a situation of two guide shafts 13, where both sides of the top plate 11 are connected with fixed cross bars 15 via inclined support plates 14, and the fixed cross bars 15 are provided with fixing nails 16, and the drilling platform 20 is installed on the guide shafts 13 so as to be movable up and down, and the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12 and the drilling platform 20 are usually designed to be circular plates of equal size.

[0022] In actual implementation, the top plate 11 is placed above the wellhead by means of the support plate 14 and the fixed cross bar 15, and is fixed to the ground near the well by means of the fixing nails 16, so that the drilling platform 20 and the bottom plate 12 below the top plate 11 extend into the well and are in a suspended state.

[0023] like Figure 1 The platform lifting control mechanism 22 includes a driving rod 221 installed through the top plate 11, the drilling platform 20 and the bottom plate 12, wherein: the driving rod 221 is rotatably connected to the top plate 11 through an upper bearing 223, and a handwheel 222 is installed at the end of the driving rod 221 extending out of the top plate 11, and the driving rod 221 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 12 through a lower bearing 224, and the driving rod 221 is connected to the drilling platform 20 via a driven linear bearing 225; the driving rod 221 rotates under the drive of the handwheel 222, and then drives the drilling platform 20 to move up and down along the guide shaft 13 through the driven linear bearing 225.

[0024] Here, the upper bearing 223 and the lower bearing 224 are common bearings, the outer ring of the upper bearing 223 is fixed to the top plate 11 and the inner ring is fixed to the driving rod 221, and similarly, the outer ring of the lower bearing 224 is fixed to the bottom plate 12 and the inner ring is fixed to the driving rod 221. The driven linear bearing 225 is preferably a flange type linear bearing, the outer ring of which is fixed to the drilling platform 20 and the inner ring is rotatably connected to the driving rod 221.

[0025] Preferably, the guide shaft 13 is connected to the drilling platform 20 via a guide limit linear bearing 23. Figure 1 As shown, the guide limit linear bearing 23 extends upward from the drilling platform 20. The guide limit linear bearing 23 mainly has the following functions: first, it guides the lifting and lowering of the drilling platform 20 to ensure its verticality and stability; second, it limits the descent of the positioning mechanism 70 and the drill rod transmission mechanism 80, that is, the positioning mechanism 70 and the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 can be lowered into place through the guide limit linear bearing 23, so that the positioning mechanism 70 can accurately hold the carrier 60 or the drill rod 50, and the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 can accurately hold the drill rod 50 to complete the lowering installation and lifting and retracting. Here, the guide limit linear bearing 23 is preferably a flange type linear bearing, whose outer ring is fixed to the drilling platform 20 and the inner ring is movably connected to the guide shaft 13.

[0026] like Figure 1The positioning mechanism 70 includes a positioning rod 71 installed through the top plate 11. The upper part of the positioning rod 71 is movably connected to the top plate 11 through an upper positioning linear bearing 72. A lower positioning bearing 73 is installed at the bottom of the positioning rod 71. The lower positioning bearing 73 is connected to one end of a strip positioning connecting plate 76. The other end of the positioning connecting plate 76 is connected to a positioning guide linear bearing 75 movably installed on a guide shaft 13. A positioning pin 74 is provided at the bottom of the positioning rod 71.

[0027] Here, the positioning connecting plate 76 and the positioning guide linear bearing 75 installed on the guide shaft 13 are designed to guide the positioning rod 71 to ensure the vertical up and down movement of the positioning rod 71. In addition, the lower positioning bearing 73 is a common bearing, the outer ring of which is fixed to the positioning connecting plate 76 and the inner ring is fixed to the positioning rod 71. The upper positioning linear bearing 72 and the positioning guide linear bearing 75 are preferably flange-type linear bearings. The outer ring of the upper positioning linear bearing 72 is fixed to the top plate 11 and the inner ring is movably connected to the positioning rod 71. Similarly, the outer ring of the positioning guide linear bearing 75 is fixed to the positioning connecting plate 76 and the inner ring is movably connected to the guide shaft 13.

[0028] During operation, the positioning rod 71 is manually rotated and pulled up or pushed down at the same time, so that the positioning connecting plate 76 is vertically raised or lowered under the guidance of the guide shaft 13, so that the positioning pin 74 can be lowered and inserted into the positioning hole 650 of the drill rod joint 65 to fix the drilling device, or lowered and inserted into the fixing hole 51 of the drill rod 50 (such as Figure 2 ) to achieve the overall fixation of the drilling device and its upper drill rod 50.

[0029] like Figure 1 The drill rod transmission mechanism 80 includes a transmission rod 81 installed through the top plate 11. The upper part of the transmission rod 81 is movably connected to the top plate 11 through an upper transmission linear bearing 82. A lower transmission bearing 83 is installed at the bottom of the transmission rod 81. The lower transmission bearing 83 is connected to one end of a strip transmission connecting plate 86. The other end of the transmission connecting plate 86 is connected to a transmission guide linear bearing 85 movably installed on another guide shaft 13. A transmission pin 84 is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod 81.

[0030] Here, the transmission connecting plate 86 and the transmission guide linear bearing 85 installed on the guide shaft 13 are designed to guide the transmission rod 81 to ensure the vertical up and down movement of the transmission rod 81. In addition, in order to improve the stability and anti-slip of the drill rod 50, one or more transmission pins 84 may also be provided on the transmission connecting plate 86. In addition, the lower transmission bearing 83 is a common bearing, the outer ring of which is fixed to the transmission connecting plate 86 and the inner ring is fixed to the transmission rod 81. The upper transmission linear bearing 82 and the transmission guide linear bearing 85 are preferably flange-type linear bearings. The outer ring of the upper transmission linear bearing 82 is fixed to the top plate 11 and the inner ring is movably connected to the transmission rod 81. Similarly, the outer ring of the transmission guide linear bearing 85 is fixed to the transmission connecting plate 86 and the inner ring is movably connected to the guide shaft 13.

[0031] During operation, the transmission rod 81 is manually rotated and pulled up or pushed down at the same time, so that the transmission connecting plate 86 is vertically raised or lowered under the guidance of the guide shaft 13, so that the transmission pin 84 is lowered and inserted into the fixing hole 51 of the drill rod 50 (such as Figure 2 ) to achieve the holding of the drill rod 50, thereby achieving the installation, disassembly and retraction of the drill rod 50.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 The motor translation control mechanism 40 includes a rocker arm 41 provided in an opening 111 penetrating through the top plate 11. The middle part of the rocker arm 41 is rotatably mounted on a bracket 42 through a rotating shaft 43. The bracket 42 is fixed on the drilling platform 20. A follow-up linear bearing 44 is installed at the bottom of the rocker arm 41. A second connecting member 47 is fixed outside the follow-up linear bearing 44. A rotating shaft 48 is installed on the second connecting member 47. The rotating shaft 48 is connected to a connecting plate 46 via a connecting bearing 45. The connecting plate 46 is fixed to the motor 30, wherein: the opening 111 is a bar; the motor 30 can translate along the slide rail 21 under the drive of the rocker arm 41.

[0033] Here, the follower linear bearing 44 is a straight cylindrical linear bearing, whose outer ring is fixed to the second connecting member 47 and whose inner ring is movably connected to the swing rod 41, and the connecting bearing 45 is a common bearing, whose outer ring is fixed to the connecting plate 46 and whose inner ring is connected to the second connecting member 47 via the rotating shaft 48. When the swing rod 41 is pulled / dragged horizontally on the well, the swing rod 41 rotates with the rotating shaft 43 as the rotating point, at which time the follower linear bearing 44 and the swing rod 41 have relative linear motion, and the follower linear bearing 44 and the connecting bearing 45 have relative rotation, and the motor 30 is pushed to move linearly along the slide rail 21. The function of the follower linear bearing 44 and the connecting bearing 45 is that, in the process of the swing rod 41 pushing the motor 30 by swinging, the swing rod 41 and the motor 30 are connected in a flexible manner instead of a rigid connection, thereby avoiding damage to the swing rod 41 and the motor 30 caused by the rigid connection.

[0034] In actual design, the shape of the opening 111 is not limited, and the length can be designed to be the distance of one swing of the swing rod 41, and the amplitude of one swing of the swing rod 41 from one end of the opening 111 to the other end can be set to be the translation distance of one motor 30, that is, the set translation distance when drilling in and out. In addition, a hole should be provided on the top plate 11 corresponding to the bracket 42. Figure 1 The opening 111 shown is T-shaped, which is used for the through-installation of the rocker rod 41 and the bracket 42 .

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The carrier 60 includes an outer cylinder 61 and an inner cylinder 62, and the outer cylinder 61 and the inner cylinder 62 are movably connected through a linkage bearing 63. Usually, a linkage bearing 63 is provided between the two ends of the outer cylinder 61 and the inner cylinder 62, and an electromagnetic device 68 is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 61. The outer wall of the outer cylinder 61 is adsorbed with a bearing wing 66 through the electromagnetic device 68, and a sensor 67 is installed on the bearing wing 66. The two ends of the inner cylinder 62 are closed structures (of course, the inner cylinder 62 can be designed as a solid structure), one end of the inner cylinder 62 is provided with a connecting rod 64 for installing a drill bit 92, and the other end of the inner cylinder 62 is provided with a drill pipe joint 65. The drill pipe joint 65 A positioning hole 650 is provided on the drill rod joint 65 for fixing the positioning mechanism 70, that is, for inserting the positioning pin 74. The drill rod joint 65 is used for screwing the drill rod 50. The end of the drill rod joint 65 may be provided with an external thread for screwing the drill rod 50, wherein: the drill rod 50 is provided with a fixing hole 51 for fixing the positioning mechanism 70 and the drill rod transmission mechanism 80, that is, for inserting the positioning pin 74 and the transmission pin 84. The end of the drill rod 50 is provided with an external thread and the front end is provided with a hole with an internal thread (not shown in the figure). The output shaft of the motor 30 is provided with a first connecting piece 31 for screwing the drill rod 50. The first connecting piece 31 is cylindrical and provided with an internal thread.

[0036] Specifically, the inner cylinder 62 rotates with the drill rod 50, while the outer cylinder 61 does not rotate with the drill rod 50. During implementation, the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 30 drives the drill rod 50 to rotate, thereby driving the inner cylinder 62 and the drill bit 92 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of drilling in and out.

[0037] In actual design, the cross section of the drill rod 50 is circular, and the thread forms of the two ends thereof and the thread forms of the drill rod joint 65 and the first connecting member 31, that is, whether they are designed as external threads or internal threads, are not limited and can be reasonably designed according to needs. The structure of the first connecting member 31 can be various and is not limited. The front end and the rear end of each component are set according to the installation direction on the motor 30, the end facing the motor is the rear end, and the opposite end is the front end.

[0038] Here, the number of the load-bearing wings 66 connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 61 is not limited, and generally, the load-bearing wings 66 can be evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the outer cylinder 61. Similarly, the number and arrangement of the sensors 67 installed on each load-bearing wing 66 are not limited, but the setting position of the sensor 67 should be reasonably designed according to the actual position requirements of the sensor 67 in the soil. The sensor 67 can be fixed to the load-bearing wing 66 by a firmware, and the fixing method is not limited. Figure 2 The figure shows a situation where two bearing wings 66 are arranged outside the outer cylinder 61, and two sensors 67 are arranged on each bearing wing 66. The sensor 67 involved in the present invention generally refers to a soil parameter detection sensor, but it can also be other types of sensors. In addition, in order to improve the adsorption firmness, the end surface of the bearing wing 66 and the outer cylinder 61 adsorbed can be designed as a T-shaped cross-section without limitation. In the actual design, the bearing wing 66 is made of metal material. In order to reduce the friction between the bearing wing 66 and the soil, the bearing wing 66 can be designed as a diamond shape, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0039] In the present invention, the electromagnetic device 68 includes an electromagnet and a control device connected to the electromagnet to control the on and off of the electromagnet. Further, a plurality of electromagnets are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 61. During the drilling process, the electromagnets are energized, and the bearing wings 66 are firmly adsorbed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 61 and drilled into the soil together with the outer cylinder 61. When the sensor 67 is in place, the electromagnet loses power, so during the process of withdrawing the drill, the bearing wings 66 are separated from the outer cylinder 61 and remain in the soil, completing the deployment of the sensor 67.

[0040] In practice, the control device is also connected to the motor 30 to control the operation of the motor 30. The positioning mechanism 70, the drill pipe transmission mechanism 80, the motor translation control mechanism 40, and the platform lifting control mechanism 22 are manually controlled by the workers on the well. The control device is implemented by an existing electronic device in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] In the present invention, the hole opener 91 and the drill bit 92 are existing components in the art. The drill bit 92 is preferably a spiral drill bit, which has a good chip removal function and is suitable for various formations, especially loose and easily collapsed formations. It also has good stability. In special cases, diamond drill bits, roller drill bits, impact drill bits, etc. can be selected to adapt to different working conditions. The hole opener 91 is a cylindrical tool, which is connected to the output shaft of the motor 30 through an adapter 910. It is used to perform hole opening operations on the drilling wall 100 under the drive of the motor 30. The hole opener 91 can be reasonably selected according to the material of the drilling wall (such as cement pipe, PVC pipe, spiral steel pipe, etc.). Figure 4 The circular hole 101 formed by drilling the well wall 100 is shown.

[0042] In an actual design, the supporting wing 66 may also be connected to a steel wire rope (not shown in the figure) for retracting the sensor 67, or the motor 30 may be equipped with a visual sensor (not shown in the figure) for aligning the motor 30 with the hole 101 opened in the well wall 100 when retracting the sensor 67.

[0043] Based on the above sensor drilling radial deployment system of the present invention, refer to Figures 1 to 8 To understand, the present invention also proposes a sensor drilling radial deployment method, comprising the steps of:

[0044] 1) Adjust and fix the support mechanism 10 and determine the sensor layout orientation;

[0045] 2) Installing the hole opener 91 to perform hole opening operation;

[0046] 3) Installing the drilling device and multiple drill rods 50 in sequence, drilling in the radial direction of the well in batches to complete the drilling operation;

[0047] 4) By canceling the electromagnetic force, the electromagnetically adsorbed bearing wing 66 and the sensor 67 on the drilling device are retained in the soil, completing the sensor deployment operation;

[0048] 5) Disassemble the drill rods 50 in sequence, and retract the drill rods 50 and the drilling device in batches to complete the drill retraction operation;

[0049] 6) Complete the deployment of sensors along the radial direction of the drilling.

[0050] For step 1), specifically, manually rotate the top plate 11 to drive the entire system of the present invention to rotate. When the sensor 67 is arranged in an orientation, fix the support mechanism 10 and the entire structure below it by fixing the fixing nails 16 (ground nails) in the soil beside the well. Furthermore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the arrangement orientation, the arrangement orientation line can be marked in advance along the circumferential direction on the ground beside the well, and the support plate 14 or other parts close to the ground are marked with alignment lines accordingly. In this way, when adjusting the arrangement orientation, align the alignment line with the arrangement orientation line marked in advance on the ground. Of course, it can also be achieved in other ways without limitation.

[0051] For step 2), specifically, refer to Figure 4 To understand, the hole opener 91 is installed on the motor 30 through the adapter 910, and the motor 30 and the hole opener 91 thereon are lowered to the target depth in the well with the help of the drilling platform 20 by means of the platform lifting control mechanism 22, and then the motor 30 is translated forwardly by the motor translation control mechanism 40, and the motor 30 is driven forward at the same time, so that the motor 30 drives the hole opener 91 to rotate, and the hole opener 91 forms a hole 101 on the drilling well wall 100.

[0052] For step 3), specifically, refer to Figures 5 to 8 To understand, when drilling, the drilling device is first installed on the motor 30, the motor 30 and the drilling device are lowered to the target depth in the well by the drilling platform 20, and the drilling device is aligned with the hole 101 opened on the well wall 100. Here, the drilling direction is determined by the worker adjusting the support mechanism 10 on the well. Then, as Figure 5 The motor 30 slides on the slide rail 21 (translates in the radial direction of the drilling well) by means of the motor translation control mechanism 40, and the motor 30 drives the drilling device to rotate in the positive direction. When the drilling is in place (drilling the set translation distance), the drilling device is held by the positioning mechanism 70, such as Figure 6 , the motor 30 is driven in reverse and translated in reverse by the motor translation control mechanism 40, and separated from the drilling device, so the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 lowers a drill rod 50, and the motor 30 is translated in the forward direction again and driven in the forward direction, connected with the lowered drill rod 50, so the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 is lifted up and separated from the drill rod 50, and the motor 30 is driven in the forward direction, driving the drill rod 50 to rotate and translate in the forward direction, so that the drill rod 50 is installed on the drilling device. At this time, the positioning mechanism 70 is lifted up and separated, and the motor 30 is driven in the forward direction, driving the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon to rotate and translate in the forward direction together. When the drilling is in place (drilling set translation distance), as shown in FIG. Figure 7 , the positioning mechanism 70 holds the drill rod 50 at the end of the drilling device, the motor 30 drives in reverse and translates in reverse through the motor translation control mechanism 40, and separates from the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon, so the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 lowers another drill rod 50, the motor 30 translates in the forward direction and drives in the forward direction again, and connects with the lowered drill rod 50, so the drill rod transmission mechanism 80 is lifted up and separated from the drill rod 50, the motor 30 drives in the forward direction, drives the drill rod 50 to rotate and translate in the forward direction, so that the drill rod 50 is installed on the drill rod 50 already installed on the drilling device. At this time, the positioning mechanism 70 is lifted up and separated, and the motor 30 drives in the forward direction, drives the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon to rotate and translate in the forward direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 The same process is repeated until all drill rods 50 are installed and the drilling operation is completed. Figure 8 Shown is a situation where two drill rods 50 are installed on the drilling device.

[0053] Regarding step 4), when the drilling operation is completed, the carrier 60 retains the electromagnetically connected carrier wings 66 and the sensors 67 thereon in the soil by canceling the electromagnetic adsorption force, thus completing the sensor deployment and waiting for the drill withdrawal operation to be performed.

[0054] Regarding step 5), during the drill withdrawal operation, the motor 30 is driven forward and drives the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon to rotate and translate in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40. When the withdrawal is in place (withdrawal of the set translation distance), the positioning mechanism 70 descends to hold the drill rod 50 on the drilling device waiting for the next removal, so the motor 30 is driven in the reverse direction and translated in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, so the motor 30 drives a drill rod 50 at the end to detach from the other drill rods 50. At this time, the drill rod conveying mechanism 80 descends to hold the detached drill rod 50, and the motor 30 is driven in the reverse direction and translated in the reverse direction again to detach from the detached drill rod 50, so the drill rod conveying mechanism 80 lifts the drill rod 50 and completes the withdrawal of the drill rod 50. Then, the motor 30 is driven forward and translated in the forward direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, and is reconnected with the remaining drill rods 50 on the drilling device. Then the positioning mechanism 70 is lifted up and away, the motor 30 is driven forward again and drives the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon to rotate and translate in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40. When the position is withdrawn (withdrawn to the set translation distance), the positioning mechanism 70 is lowered again to hold the drill rod 50 on the drilling device waiting for the next removal, so the motor 30 is driven in the reverse direction and translates in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, so the motor 30 drives a drill rod 50 at the end to separate from the other drill rods 50. At this time, the drill rod conveying mechanism 80 is lowered to hold the separated drill rod 50, the motor 30 is driven in the reverse direction again and translates in the reverse direction to separate from the separated drill rod 50, so the drill rod conveying mechanism 80 lifts the drill rod 50 and completes the retraction of the drill rod 50. Then, the motor 30 is driven forward and translates in the forward direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, and is reconnected with the remaining drill rods 50 on the drilling device. Then the positioning mechanism 70 is lifted up and away, the motor 30 is driven forward again and drives the drilling device and the drill rod 50 thereon to rotate and translate in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, and so on, until the positioning mechanism 70 holds the carrier 60, and the last drill rod 50 is removed and retracted. Then, the motor 30 is driven forward and translates forward through the motor translation control mechanism 40 to connect with the drilling device, so the positioning mechanism 70 is lifted up and away, the motor 30 is driven forward and drives the drilling device to translate in the reverse direction through the motor translation control mechanism 40, and when it is withdrawn into place (withdrawn to the set translation distance), the motor 30 and the drilling device are lifted out of the well together through the drilling platform 20 to complete the withdrawal. The process of the drill withdrawal operation is basically the opposite of the drilling operation, so no illustration is given, please refer to Figures 5 to 8 Come to understand.

[0055] In the present invention, positive translation refers to horizontal movement toward the well wall, while horizontal movement away from the well wall is reverse translation.

[0056] The arrangement of sensors at different depths is achieved by controlling the lifting height of the drilling platform 20 through the hand wheel 222. Accordingly, scale lines can be designed on the top plate 11 and the hand wheel 222 to improve the accuracy of height control. In addition, a locking piece can be provided for the hand wheel 222. When the drilling platform 20 is lifted to the target height, the hand wheel 222 can be locked by the locking piece to achieve fixed height.

[0057] The arrangement of sensors at the same depth, the same orientation, and different drilling depths can be achieved by controlling the number of installed drill rods 50, and the operation process is the same as the above-mentioned drilling operation.

[0058] After the monitoring of the farmland leaching process is completed, the sensor 67 is also retracted, including the steps of pulling the steel wire rope connected to the load-bearing wing 66 to achieve retraction.

[0059] After the monitoring of the farmland leaching process is completed, the step of retracting the sensor 67 can also be designed as the following steps:

[0060] Install and lower the drilling device without the load-bearing wing 66;

[0061] Adjust and fix the support mechanism 10 so that the drilling device is aligned with the hole 101 on the well wall 100;

[0062] Install multiple drill rods 50 in sequence, and drill in the original radial direction of the well in batches until the drilling device reaches the location of the sensor 67;

[0063] By applying electromagnetic force, the carrying wing 66 is adsorbed;

[0064] Disassemble the drill rods 50 in sequence, and retract the drill rods 50 and the drilling device in batches;

[0065] The retraction of sensor 67 is completed.

[0066] Specifically, after the monitoring of the farmland leaching process is completed, there are two ways to retrieve the sensor 67. One is to pull the carrying wing 66 and the sensor 67 mounted thereon to the well by means of a steel wire rope connected to the carrying wing 66 to achieve retrieval. Another method is to lower the motor 30 with the carrier 60 (without the carrier wings 66) and the drill bit 92 installed into place through the drilling platform 20, and adjust the position of the support mechanism 10 by means of the visual sensor so that the drill bit 92 is aligned with the hole 101 on the well wall 100, thereby adopting the same operation as the drilling operation, and installing a suitable number of drill rods 50 between the motor 30 and the drilling device in batches, so that the drilling device drills to the position where the sensor 67 is originally arranged. At this time, the electromagnetic device 68 is controlled by the control device to energize the electromagnet and adsorb the carrier wings 66 on the outer wall of the outer tube 61. Then, the same operation as the drill withdrawal operation is adopted, and the drill rod 50 is disassembled by translating the motor 30, and finally the drilling device with the carrier wings 66 adsorbed is retracted to complete the retraction of the sensor 67.

[0067] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0068] The present invention realizes the functions of underground radial drilling, automatic deployment and retrieval of sensors, without the need for workers to go down the well to operate, saving time and effort, and the deployment operation is not limited by the well diameter, easy to implement, and the deployment of the underground depth position and radial drilling position is highly accurate and controllable, ensuring the accuracy of the data of in-situ monitoring of the underground environment, and can be applied to various industries such as farmland leaching, water conservancy and environmental geological engineering, underground mineral mining, and intelligent monitoring of municipal underground space construction. The system of the present invention is small in overall size, light in weight, easy to operate, low in cost, and suitable for popularization.

[0069] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used therein. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations, simple replacements, etc. based on the technical solution of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensor drilling radial deployment system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supporting mechanism, wherein: a drilling platform and a platform lifting control mechanism are installed on the supporting mechanism, and the drilling platform can move up and down on the supporting mechanism by means of the platform lifting control mechanism; a slide rail is installed on the drilling platform, and a motor is slidably installed on the slide rail, and a motor translation control mechanism is installed on the supporting mechanism, and the motor can translate on the slide rail by means of the motor translation control mechanism; a positioning mechanism and a drill rod transmission mechanism are installed on the supporting mechanism; the drill rod transmission mechanism is used to lower the drill rod to realize the installation of the drill rod and to lift and remove the sensor after the sensor is arranged. The unloaded drill rod realizes the recovery of the drill rod; the positioning mechanism is used to hold the drilling device or the drill rod installed on the drilling device to install the next drill rod during the drilling operation, and to hold the drill rod installed on the drilling device waiting for the next removal or the drilling device to remove and recover the drill rod at the end during the drilling recovery operation; the drilling device includes a carrier and a drill bit, the carrier includes a carrier wing that is controlled to be adsorbed and detached by electromagnetic force, and the carrier wing is installed with a sensor for deployment; during the sensor deployment operation, the motor directly or indirectly drives the drill The drilling device is running. During the drilling operation, a hole opener is installed on the motor to directly drive the hole opener to drill a hole on the wellbore wall. The support mechanism includes a top plate and a bottom plate. The top plate and the bottom plate are connected via a guide shaft. Fixed cross bars are connected to the two sides of the top plate via an inclined support plate. Fixed cross bars are provided with fixing nails. The drilling platform can be movably installed on the guide shaft up and down. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning rod installed through the top plate. The upper part of the positioning rod is movably connected to the top plate through an upper positioning linear bearing. A lower positioning bearing is installed at the bottom of the positioning rod. The lower positioning bearing is connected to one end of the positioning connecting plate, and the other end of the positioning connecting plate is connected to a positioning guide linear bearing movably installed on one of the guide shafts, and a positioning pin is provided at the bottom end of the positioning rod; the drill rod transmission mechanism includes a transmission rod installed through the top plate, and the upper part of the transmission rod is movably connected to the top plate through an upper transmission linear bearing, and a lower transmission bearing is installed at the bottom of the transmission rod, and the lower transmission bearing is connected to one end of the transmission connecting plate, and the other end of the transmission connecting plate is connected to a transmission guide linear bearing movably installed on another guide shaft, and a transmission pin is provided at the bottom end of the transmission rod.

2. The sensor drilling radial deployment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform lifting control mechanism includes a driving rod installed through the top plate, the drilling platform and the bottom plate, wherein: the driving rod is rotatably connected to the top plate through an upper bearing, a handwheel is installed on the end of the driving rod extending out of the top plate, the driving rod is rotatably connected to the bottom plate through a lower bearing, and the driving rod is connected to the drilling platform via a driven linear bearing; the driving rod rotates under the drive of the handwheel, and then drives the drilling platform to move up and down along the guide shaft through the driven linear bearing.

3. The sensor drilling radial deployment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor translation control mechanism includes a rocker arm arranged in an opening penetrating through the top plate, the middle part of the rocker arm is rotatably mounted on a bracket via a rotating shaft, the bracket is fixed on the drilling platform, a follower linear bearing is mounted at the bottom of the rocker arm, a second connecting piece is fixed outside the follower linear bearing, a rotating shaft is mounted on the second connecting piece, the rotating shaft is connected to a connecting plate via a connecting bearing, the connecting plate is fixed to the motor, wherein: the opening is strip-shaped; the motor can translate along the slide rail under the drive of the rocker arm.

4. The sensor drilling radial deployment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are movably connected via a linkage bearing, an electromagnetic device is installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the outer cylinder adsorbs the carrying wing via the electromagnetic device, the carrying wing is installed with the sensor, both ends of the inner cylinder are closed structures, one end of the inner cylinder is provided with a connecting rod for installing the drill bit, the other end of the inner cylinder is provided with a drill rod joint, a positioning hole is provided on the drill rod joint, and the drill rod joint is used to screw the drill rod, wherein: the drill rod is provided with a fixing hole, and a first connecting piece for screwing the drill rod is installed on the output shaft of the motor.

5. The sensor drilling radial deployment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The load-bearing wing is connected with a steel wire rope for retrieving the sensor, or the motor is installed with a visual sensor for aligning the motor with the hole opened in the well wall when retrieving the sensor.

6. A sensor drilling radial deployment method, implemented based on the sensor drilling radial deployment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes steps: 1) Adjust and fix the support mechanism and determine the sensor layout orientation; 2) installing the hole opener to perform hole opening operation; 3) installing the drilling device and the plurality of drill rods in sequence, drilling in the radial direction of the well in batches, and completing the drilling operation; 4) By canceling the electromagnetic force, the electromagnetically adsorbed bearing wing on the drilling device and the sensor thereon are retained in the soil, thereby completing the sensor deployment operation; 5) dismantling the drill rods in sequence, and retracting the drill rods and the drilling devices in batches to complete the drill retraction operation; 6) Complete the deployment of sensors along the radial direction of the drilling.

7. The sensor drilling radial deployment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the monitoring of the farmland leaching process is completed, the sensor is also retracted, including the steps of pulling the steel wire rope connected to the load-bearing wing to achieve retraction.

8. The sensor drilling radial deployment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the monitoring of the farmland leaching process is completed, the sensor is also retrieved, including the following steps: Installing and lowering the drilling device without the carrying wings; Adjusting and fixing the support mechanism so that the drilling device is aligned with the hole on the well wall; Installing a plurality of the drill rods in sequence, drilling in the original radial direction of the well in stages, so that the drilling device reaches the location of the sensor; Adsorbing the carrying wing by applying electromagnetic force; Dismantle the drill rods in sequence, and retract the drill rods and the drilling devices in batches; The retraction of the sensor is completed.

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