Method for deep hole exploration and rock drilling of gently inclined very thin-thin ore body

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mining, and discloses a method for deep hole exploration and rock drilling of gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body, which drills exploration deep holes into the ore room at the bottom and top of the ore room respectively, the exploration deep holes are perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, and stop after exceeding the ore bed by 1m; the inclination of each exploration deep hole is determined according to the true thickness of the ore bed at the top and bottom of the ore room, the required exploration grid, and the average inclination of the ore bed; after the length of each exploration deep hole in the ore bed is measured, the thickness and inclination of each control point of the ore body are calculated; then, three-dimensional modeling is carried out based on the thickness and inclination of each control point of the ore body; and according to the three-dimensional modeling, single-row counter-stope deep holes are drilled into the ore room by using rock drilling jumbos from the lower stage transportation roadway and the upper stage transportation roadway. The present application can provide a basis for the arrangement of near-horizontal deep hole blast holes of gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body, solve the problem of design deviation of stope deep holes in deep hole mining, and has the benefit of reducing ore loss and dilution.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of deep hole mining of gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body, and more particularly to a deep hole prospecting and rock drilling method for gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body. BACKGROUND

[0002] The extremely thin-thin gently inclined ore body with a thickness of 0.5-1 m is often abandoned by mining enterprises to cause resource waste due to small thickness and gentle inclination of the ore body. If the ore value is high, the ore room is recovered by means of continuous cycle operation in the shallow, but this method has problems of low production efficiency, high risk of operation under the empty area, and difficult control of recovery of a large amount of ore with mixed waste rock.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a deep hole prospecting and rock drilling method for gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body to effectively avoid the problem of large loss and dilution caused by deviation of deep hole mining method in recovery of deep hole design. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a deep hole prospecting and rock drilling method for gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body to effectively avoid the problem of large loss and dilution caused by deviation of deep hole mining method in recovery of deep hole design.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deep hole prospecting and rock drilling method for gently inclined extremely thin-thin ore body comprises the following steps:

[0007] (I) Prospecting

[0008] S1, a plurality of prospecting deep holes are drilled in the ore room lower stage transportation roadway and the ore room upper stage transportation roadway, respectively, and the prospecting deep holes are perpendicular to the ore body strike, and the prospecting deep holes stop after exceeding the ore layer by 1 m;

[0009] S2, the inclination of each prospecting deep hole is determined according to the true thickness of the ore layer at the top and bottom of the ore room, the exploration grid required by the engineering, and the average inclination of the ore layer;

[0010] S3, after the length of each prospecting deep hole in the ore layer is measured, the thickness and inclination of each control point of the ore body are calculated;

[0011] S4, three-dimensional modeling is performed based on the thickness and inclination of each control point of the ore body;

[0012] (ii) rock drilling

[0013] According to the three-dimensional modeling, the rock drilling jumbo is used to drill single-row opposite recovery deep holes into the interior of the ore room from the lower stage transportation roadway and the upper stage transportation roadway.

[0014] Further, in the step S1 of the ore exploration stage, the opening positions of the ore exploration deep holes are located on the horizontal center lines of the exposed ore layer sections of the lower stage transportation roadway and the upper stage transportation roadway.

[0015] Further, in the step S1 of the ore exploration stage, the interval of each group of drill holes along the strike is 5-20 m, and the interval of the starting points of the adjacent drill holes on the same side of the same group along the strike is 10-20 cm.

[0016] Further, in the step S1 of the ore exploration stage, i ore exploration deep holes are drilled into the roof and the floor of the ore body from the lower stage transportation roadway and the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room respectively, and the calculation formula of i is as follows:

[0017] If is not an integer

[0018]

[0019] If is an integer

[0020]

[0021] wherein L is the oblique length of the ore room, m; and l is the exploration grid along the ore block dip required by the project, m.

[0022] Further, in the step S2 of the ore exploration stage, the inclination angle of the n-th (n≤i) ore exploration drill hole drilled into the roof of the ore body from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room from the bottom to the top is calculated according to the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] wherein d1 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the ore room, m; and a is the average dip angle of the ore body of the ore room.

[0025] The inclination angle of the n-th (n≤i) ore exploration drill hole drilled into the floor of the ore body from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room from the bottom to the top is calculated according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] The inclination angle of the n-th (n≤i) ore exploration drill hole drilled into the roof of the ore body from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room from the top to the bottom is calculated according to the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] wherein d2 is the true thickness of the ore bed at the roof of the ore room, m;

[0030] The control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the roof of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, and the control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the floor of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, are used to calculate the thickness d2' of the ore body as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Further, in step S3 of the ore-prospecting stage, the thickness d1' of the ore body between the control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the roof of the ore body, starting from the floor of the ore room, and the control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the floor of the ore body, starting from the floor of the ore room, is calculated as follows:

[0033]

[0034] wherein l n1 is the length of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the roof of the ore body, starting from the floor of the ore room, in the ore bed;

[0035] l n2 is the length of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the lower stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the floor of the ore body, starting from the floor of the ore room, in the ore bed;

[0036] The thickness d2' of the ore body between the control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the roof of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, and the control point of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the floor of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, is calculated as follows:

[0037]

[0038] wherein l n3 is the length of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the roof of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, in the ore bed;

[0039] l n4 is the length of the nth ore-prospecting drill hole drilled from the upper stage transportation roadway of the ore room to the floor of the ore body, starting from the roof of the ore room, in the ore bed.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S3 of the exploration stage of this invention, the calculation formula for the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the lower stage transport roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far, is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, which is drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] In step S4 of the exploration phase, a three-dimensional model is established based on the above exploration results.

[0049] Furthermore, in the rock drilling stage of this invention, based on three-dimensional modeling, opposing deep mining holes are designed to be constructed from the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway toward the stope. Each set of opposing deep mining holes consists of a pair of deep mining holes constructed from the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway toward the stope. The depth of the deep mining holes is 15-45m, the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope roof is the same as the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope floor, the spacing between the deep mining holes is 0.6-1.0m, and the distance between the bottoms of each set of opposing deep holes is 0.3-0.5m.

[0050] Furthermore, in this invention, adjacent rows of blast holes are staggered. In the next stage of haulage roadway construction, the odd-numbered rows of deep mining holes are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction, and the even-numbered rows of deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the next stage of haulage roadway construction.

[0051] The present invention relates to a method for deep-hole exploration and drilling of gently inclined, extremely thin-thin ore bodies. Deep exploration holes are drilled at the bottom and top of the stope, perpendicular to the ore body strike, and stop 1 meter beyond the ore layer. The dip angle of each exploration hole is determined based on the true thickness of the ore layer at the top and bottom of the stope, the required exploration grid density, and the average dip angle of the ore layer. After measuring the length of each exploration hole within the ore layer, the thickness and dip angle at each control point of the ore body are calculated. Then, a three-dimensional model is created based on the thickness and dip angle at each control point of the ore body. Following this three-dimensional modeling, a drilling rig is used to drill single-row, opposing deep-holes into the stope in both the lower and upper stage transport roadways.

[0052] This invention provides a basis for the layout of near-horizontal deep boreholes in gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies, solves the problem of design deviations in deep-hole mining, and has the benefit of reducing ore loss and dilution. Attached Figure Description

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of deep exploration boreholes.

[0055] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the deep exploration boreholes located at two points near the upper and lower transport roadways in the I-I section diagram.

[0056] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the layout of deep exploration holes at three locations between the upper and lower transport roadways in the I-I section diagram.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of deep mining holes.

[0058] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Section II-II.

[0059] In the diagram: 1-Next stage transport roadway, 2-Exploration deep hole, 3-Upper stage transport roadway, 4-Pillar, 5-Recovery deep hole. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] This invention provides a method for deep-hole exploration and rock drilling in gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0064] (I) Exploration

[0065] S1. Drill several exploration holes into the ore body from the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway, respectively. The exploration holes are perpendicular to the ore body and the drilling stops after the exploration holes extend 1m beyond the ore layer.

[0066] Specifically, the opening of the exploration borehole is located on the horizontal centerline of the exposed ore layer section of the lower and upper stage transport roadways;

[0067] The interval between each group of boreholes along the direction is 5m to 20m, and the interval between the starting points of adjacent boreholes on the same side of the same group along the direction is 10 to 20cm.

[0068] i exploration holes are drilled into the roof and floor of the ore body from the lower and upper stage haulage roadways, respectively. The formula for calculating i is as follows:

[0069] like Not an integer

[0070]

[0071] like Integer

[0072]

[0073] Where L is the oblique length of the stope, in meters; l is the required exploration grid density along the dip of the ore block, in meters;

[0074] S2. The dip angle of each exploration borehole is determined based on the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the ore room roof, the required exploration grid density, and the average dip angle of the ore layer.

[0075] Specifically, the inclination angle of the exploration borehole drilled from the next stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest (n≤i) exploration borehole, is calculated using the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Where d1 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the stope, in meters; α is the average dip angle of the ore body in the stope.

[0078] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] The inclination angle of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Where d2 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the top of the stope, in meters;

[0083] The inclination angle of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] S3. After measuring the length of each exploration borehole in the ore layer, calculate the thickness and dip angle of each control point of the ore body;

[0086] Specifically, the formula for expressing the ore body thickness d1' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, l n1 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the bottom of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest.

[0089] l n2 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the bottom of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest.

[0090] The formula for expressing the ore body thickness d2' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, l n3 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the top of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest.

[0093] l n4 The length of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest point in the ore layer.

[0094] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the roof of the ore body via the next stage haulage roadway, is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, which is drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] S4. Based on the above exploration results, a three-dimensional model is created based on the thickness and dip angle at each control point of the ore body.

[0103] (II) Rock Drilling

[0104] Based on the 3D model, a drilling rig was used to drill single-row, opposing deep mining holes into the stope in both the lower and upper stage transport roadways.

[0105] Specifically, based on 3D modeling, opposing deep mining holes are designed to be constructed from the lower and upper stage transport roadways toward the stope. Each set of opposing deep mining holes consists of a pair of deep mining holes constructed from the lower and upper stage transport roadways toward the stope. The depth of the deep mining holes is 15–45 m, the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope roof is the same as the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope floor, the spacing between the deep mining holes is 0.6–1.0 m, and the distance between the bottoms of each set of opposing deep holes is 0.3–0.5 m.

[0106] The adjacent rows of blast holes are staggered. The odd-numbered rows of deep mining holes in the next stage of haulage roadway construction are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction, and the even-numbered rows of deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the next stage of haulage roadway construction.

[0107] Example:

[0108] The ore body is a gently dipping, extremely thin ore body with a thickness of 0.8m. It is divided into stages along the dip of the ore body. The ore block is 60m long and 60m wide along the strike of the ore body. The average dip angle of the ore block is 15°. 4 columns are left on both sides of the stope. The width of the column 4 is 3m.

[0109] The method for deep-hole exploration and rock drilling of the aforementioned gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies includes the following steps:

[0110] (I) Exploration

[0111] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 ( Figure 1 (Point A in the middle refers to the cutting uphill structure). Several exploration holes 2 were drilled into the ore body from the lower stage transport roadway 1 and the upper stage transport roadway 3. The opening of the exploration holes was located on the horizontal center line of the exposed ore layer section of the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway, and the exploration holes were perpendicular to the strike of the ore body. The exploration holes stopped after extending 1m beyond the ore layer.

[0112] The interval between each group of boreholes along the direction is 10m, and the interval between the starting points of adjacent boreholes on the same side of the same group along the direction is 10cm.

[0113] i exploration holes are drilled into the roof and floor of the ore body from the lower and upper stage haulage roadways, respectively. The formula for calculating i is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Where L is the oblique length of the stope, in meters; the oblique length of the stope is 57 meters.

[0116] l represents the required exploration grid density along the dip of the ore block, in meters; the required exploration grid density along the dip of the ore block is 10 meters.

[0117] The inclination angle of the exploration borehole drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest (n≤3) exploration borehole, is calculated using the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] Where d1 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the stope, in meters; the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the stope is 0.8 meters.

[0120] α is the average dip angle of the stope / ore body; the average dip angle of the stope / ore body is 15°;

[0121] There are three exploration boreholes drilled from the lower stage transport roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body. Starting from the bottom of the stope, from near to far, the inclination angles of the exploration boreholes are 17.29°, 16.15°, and 15.74° respectively.

[0122] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] There are three exploration boreholes drilled from the lower stage transport roadway of the stope into the bottom plate of the ore body. Starting from the bottom of the stope, from near to far, the inclination angles of the exploration boreholes are 12.71°, 13.85°, and 14.26° respectively.

[0125] The inclination angle of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula:

[0126]

[0127] Where d2 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the top of the stope, in meters; the true thickness of the ore layer at the top of the stope is 0.8 meters.

[0128] There are three exploration boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body. Starting from the top of the stope, from near to far, the inclination angles of the exploration boreholes are 12.71°, 13.85°, and 14.26° respectively.

[0129] The inclination angle of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] There are three exploration boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the bottom plate of the ore body. Starting from the top of the stope, from near to far, the inclination angles of the exploration boreholes are 17.29°, 16.15°, and 15.74° respectively.

[0132] The formula for expressing the ore body thickness d1' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, l n1 The length of the nth exploratory borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the roof of the ore body, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far, within the ore layer; starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far, l n1 The values ​​are 10.01m, 20.51m, and 29.52m respectively;

[0135] l n2 The length of the nth exploratory borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far, within the ore layer; starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far, l n2 The values ​​are 10.51m, 20.02m, and 29.01m, respectively.

[0136] Starting from the bottom of the stope, from near to far, the ore body thickness d1' between each pair of upper and lower control points is 0.95m, 0.94m, and 0.89m, respectively;

[0137] The formula for expressing the ore body thickness d2' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, l n3 The length of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from near to far, within the ore layer; starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from near to far, l n3 The values ​​are 9.97m, 19.91m, and 29.95m respectively;

[0140] l n4 Let l be the length of the nth exploratory borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from near to far within the ore layer. n4 The values ​​are 9.91m, 19.89m, and 30.47m respectively;

[0141] Starting from the top of the stope, from near to far, the ore body thickness d2' between each pair of upper and lower control points are 0.79m, 0.80m, and 0.94m, respectively;

[0142] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the roof of the ore body via the next stage haulage roadway, is as follows:

[0143]

[0144] The exploration boreholes drilled from the lower stage transport roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and moving from near to far, have ore body dip angles of 9.18°, 16.15°, and 16.13° at the control points of the exploration boreholes, respectively.

[0145] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, is as follows:

[0146]

[0147] The exploration boreholes drilled from the next stage of the stope into the bottom of the ore body, starting from the bottom of the stope and moving outwards, have ore body dip angles of 12.73°, 15.01°, and 12.71° at the control points of the exploration boreholes, respectively.

[0148] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0149]

[0150] The exploration boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the top of the ore body, starting from the top of the stope and moving from near to far, have ore body dip angles of 14.99°, 15.03°, and 15.41° at the control points of the exploration boreholes, respectively.

[0151] The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, which is drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows:

[0152]

[0153] The exploration boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and moving from near to far, have ore body dip angles of 15.05°, 15.06°, and 15.74° at the control points of the exploration boreholes.

[0154] Based on the above exploration results, a three-dimensional model is established;

[0155] (II) Rock Drilling

[0156] Based on the 3D model, a rock drilling rig was used to drill single-row opposing deep mining holes into the stope in the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway, respectively.

[0157] For details, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 ( Figure 4 (Point B refers to the cutting uphill structure). Based on 3D modeling, opposing deep-holes 5 are designed to be constructed towards the stope from both the lower-stage transport roadway 1 and the upper-stage transport roadway 3. Each set of opposing deep-holes consists of a pair of deep-holes constructed from the lower-stage and upper-stage transport roadways towards the stope. The short hole is 27m deep, and the long hole is 29m deep. The distance between the deep-holes and the stope roof is the same as the distance between the deep-holes and the stope floor. The row spacing of the deep-holes is 1.0m, and the distance between the bottoms of each set of opposing deep-holes is 0.5m. Adjacent rows of blast holes are staggered. The odd-numbered rows of deep-holes constructed in the lower-stage transport roadway are 2m longer than the blast holes constructed in the upper-stage transport roadway, and the even-numbered rows of deep-holes constructed in the upper-stage transport roadway are 2m longer than the blast holes constructed in the lower-stage transport roadway.

[0158] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0159] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for deep-hole exploration and drilling in gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (I) Exploration S1. Drill several exploration holes into the ore body from the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway, respectively. The exploration holes are perpendicular to the ore body and the drilling stops after the exploration holes extend 1m beyond the ore layer. S2. The dip angle of each exploration borehole is determined based on the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the ore room roof, the required exploration grid density, and the average dip angle of the ore layer. S3. After measuring the length of each exploration borehole in the ore layer, calculate the thickness and dip angle of each control point of the ore body; S4. Perform 3D modeling based on the thickness and dip angle at each control point of the ore body; (II) Rock Drilling Based on the 3D model, a drilling rig was used to drill single-row, opposing deep mining holes into the stope in both the lower and upper stage transport roadways.

2. The deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1 of the exploration stage, the opening position of the exploration deep hole is located on the horizontal center line of the exposed ore layer section of the lower stage transport roadway and the upper stage transport roadway.

3. The deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1 of the exploration stage, the interval between each group of boreholes along the strike is 5m to 20m, and the interval between the starting points of adjacent boreholes on the same side of the same group along the strike is 10 to 20cm.

4. A deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In step S1 of the exploration stage, i exploration holes are drilled from the lower and upper stage haulage roadways into the roof and floor of the ore body, respectively. The formula for calculating i is as follows: like Not an integer like Integer Where L is the oblique length of the stope, in meters; and l is the required exploration grid density along the dip of the ore block, in meters.

5. The deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2 of the exploration stage, the inclination angle of the exploration borehole drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from near to far (n≤i), is calculated using the following formula: Where d1 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the bottom of the stope, in meters; α is the average dip angle of the ore body in the stope. The formula for calculating the dip angle of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is as follows: The inclination angle of the exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula: Where d2 is the true thickness of the ore layer at the top of the stope, in meters; The inclination angle of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest, is calculated using the following formula:

6. The deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S3 of the exploration stage, the formula for the ore body thickness d1' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows: Among them, l n1 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the bottom of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest. l n2 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the bottom of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest. The formula for expressing the ore body thickness d2' between the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body roof and the control point of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the top of the stope into the ore body floor is as follows: Among them, l n3 For prospecting boreholes drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the roof of the ore body, the length of the nth prospecting borehole in the ore layer, starting from the top of the stope and from the nearest to the farthest. l n4 The length of the nth exploration borehole drilled from the upper stage transport roadway of the stope into the bottom of the ore body, starting from the top of the stope and from near to far, within the ore layer.

7. A deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3 of the exploration stage, the formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, which is drilled from the lower stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the bottom of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows: The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the bottom of the stope into the ore body floor, is as follows: The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body roof, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows: The formula for calculating the dip angle of the ore body at the control point of the nth exploration borehole, which is drilled from the upper stage haulage roadway into the ore body floor, starting from the top of the stope and proceeding from the nearest to the farthest point, is as follows: In step S4 of the exploration phase, a three-dimensional model is established based on the above exploration results.

8. The deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the rock drilling stage, based on 3D modeling, opposing deep mining holes are designed to be constructed from the lower and upper stage transport roadways towards the stope. Each set of opposing deep mining holes consists of a pair of deep mining holes constructed from the lower and upper stage transport roadways towards the stope. The depth of the deep mining holes is 15-45m, the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope roof is the same as the distance between the deep mining holes and the stope floor, the spacing between the deep mining holes is 0.6-1.0m, and the distance between the bottoms of each set of opposing deep holes is 0.3-0.5m.

9. A deep-hole exploration and drilling method for gently dipping, extremely thin ore bodies according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjacent rows of blast holes are staggered. The odd-numbered rows of deep mining holes in the next stage of haulage roadway construction are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction, and the even-numbered rows of deep mining holes in the previous stage of haulage roadway construction are 1-2m longer than the deep mining holes in the next stage of haulage roadway construction.

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