Engine and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine and a vehicle. The engine is provided with a main water inlet and comprises a cylinder cover upper-layer water jacket, a cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket and a first water inlet, and cooling liquid flows through the cylinder cover upper-layer water jacket to cool an upper area of a cylinder cover; cooling liquid flows to cool the lower area of the cylinder cover, and the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket is provided with a second water inlet; the cylinder body water jacket is used for allowing cooling liquid to flow so as to cool the cylinder body, and the cylinder body water jacket is provided with a third water inlet; and the first water inlet, the second water inlet and the third water inlet are respectively communicated with the main water inlet. The water jacket of the engine is good in cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of liquid cooling technology, and more specifically, to an engine and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The water jackets of the cylinder block and cylinder head of existing engines are usually in a series structure, and the upper and lower water jackets of the cylinder head are also connected, which makes it impossible to achieve independent control of the water jackets of each module of the engine, which is not conducive to the refined control of the thermal management system. Summary of the invention

[0003] One object of the present application is to provide a new technical solution for an engine and a vehicle.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an engine, provided with a main water inlet, comprising:

[0005] The upper water jacket of the cylinder head is used for coolant to flow to cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, and the upper water jacket of the cylinder head is provided with a first water inlet;

[0006] A cylinder head lower water jacket, through which coolant flows to cool the lower area of ​​the cylinder head, the cylinder head lower water jacket being provided with a second water inlet; and

[0007] A cylinder water jacket, for cooling liquid to flow to cool the cylinder, the cylinder water jacket being provided with a third water inlet;

[0008] The first water inlet, the second water inlet and the third water inlet are respectively connected to the main water inlet.

[0009] Optionally, the first water inlet and the second water inlet can allow the coolant flowing into the main water inlet to be diverted to the upper water jacket of the cylinder head and the lower water jacket of the cylinder head; and / or,

[0010] The third water inlet and the first water inlet enable the coolant flowing from the main water inlet to the upper water jacket of the cylinder head to be diverted to the cylinder body water jacket and the upper water jacket of the cylinder head.

[0011] Optionally, the upper water jacket of the cylinder head is further provided with a first water outlet, the lower water jacket of the cylinder head is further provided with a second water outlet, and the cylinder body water jacket is further provided with a third water outlet;

[0012] The first water inlet, the second water inlet, the third water inlet, the first water outlet, the second water outlet, the third water outlet and the total water inlet are all located at the rear end of the engine.

[0013] Optionally, the upper water jacket of the cylinder head is further provided with a first flow channel communicating with the first water inlet and the first water outlet;

[0014] The cylinder head lower water jacket is also provided with a second flow channel communicating with the second water inlet and the second water outlet;

[0015] The cylinder water jacket is also provided with a third flow channel communicating with the third water inlet and the third water outlet;

[0016] The first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel can respectively allow the coolant to surround and cool the cylinder head upper water jacket, the cylinder head lower water jacket and the cylinder body water jacket.

[0017] Optionally, the first water inlet, the second water inlet and the third water inlet are all located on the exhaust side of the engine, and the first water outlet, the second water outlet and the third water outlet are all located on the intake side of the engine.

[0018] Optionally, it further includes a cylinder water jacket outlet jacket, wherein the cylinder water jacket outlet jacket is arranged at the rear end of the engine cylinder head, and the third water outlet is communicated with the cylinder water jacket outlet jacket.

[0019] Optionally, the cylinder block has a plurality of cylinder holes sequentially arranged along the front-rear direction of the engine, and the cylinder block water jacket comprises an exhaust side water jacket and an intake side water jacket, and the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are respectively located at the exhaust side and the intake side of the plurality of cylinder holes;

[0020] The cylinder water jacket further includes a plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages communicating with the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket, and the plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages are respectively located between the cylinder holes.

[0021] Optionally, the inter-cylinder flow channel is a V-shaped structure, the distance from the top of the V-shaped structure to the top surface of the cylinder body is 1.5mm to 3mm, and the ratio of the distance from the bottom to the top surface of the cylinder body to the engine stroke is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5.

[0022] Optionally, the cylinder water jacket also includes a connecting channel located at the front end of the engine, the connecting channel gradually narrows and then expands from the exhaust side to the intake side, and the minimum distance from the bottom of the connecting channel to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke.

[0023] Optionally, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are separated from each other at the rear end of the engine, and the ratio of the separation distance to the cylinder bore diameter is 0.1 to 0.4.

[0024] Optionally, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket gradually approach each other from bottom to top at the partition position.

[0025] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the engine described in the first aspect.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present application, the present application independently designs the cylinder head upper water jacket, the cylinder head lower water jacket and the cylinder body water jacket, so that the flow resistance in each water jacket can be adjusted by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet of each water jacket, which not only realizes the refined control of the thermal management system, but also shortens the design iteration time of engine components and the product development cycle.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a water jacket of an engine provided by the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal liquid flow of the engine's water jacket is provided in FIG.

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A rear end view of the engine's water jacket is provided in.

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A front view of the engine's water jacket is provided in.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cylinder water jacket provided by the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top view of the cylinder water jacket is provided in FIG.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A rear end view of the cylinder water jacket is provided in FIG.

[0036] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the inter-cylinder flow passage of the cylinder water jacket is provided in FIG.

[0037] Fig. 9 yes Figure 5 A front view of the cylinder water jacket is provided in FIG.

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder body provided by the present application.

[0039] Fig.11 yes Fig.10Top view of the .

[0040] Fig.12 yes Fig.10 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0041] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of an upper water jacket of a cylinder body provided by the present application.

[0042] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 A top view of the upper water jacket of the cylinder block is provided in FIG.

[0043] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lower water jacket of a cylinder body provided by the present application.

[0044] Fig.16 yes Fig.15 Top view of the lower water jacket of the cylinder block.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] 10. Main water inlet; 1. Cylinder water jacket; 11. Inter-cylinder flow channel; 12. Partition position; 13. Connecting channel; 41. Third water inlet; 42. Third water outlet; 14. Third flow channel; 2. Cylinder head upper water jacket; 21. First water inlet; 22. First water outlet; 25. First main body; 26. Second main body; 27. Exhaust valve duct; 28. Flow channel; 29. ​​Water outlet pipe; 3. Cylinder head lower water jacket; 31. Second water inlet; 32. Second water outlet; 33. Exhaust side water jacket; 34. Intake side water jacket; 35. Combustion chamber water jacket; 351. Cooling section; 352. Connecting section; 36. Flow blocking structure; 4. Exhaust duct; 5. Cylinder water jacket outlet water jacket; 6. Injector; 7. Integrated exhaust manifold; 8. Intake valve duct; 9. Spark plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0048] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present application, its application, or uses.

[0049] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0050] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0051] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, according to the first aspect of the present application, an engine is provided, which is provided with a total water inlet 10, including: an upper water jacket 2 of a cylinder head, for supplying coolant to flow to cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, and the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is provided with a first water inlet 21; a lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head, for supplying coolant to flow to cool the lower area of ​​the cylinder head, and the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head is provided with a second water inlet 31; and a cylinder body water jacket 1, for supplying coolant to flow to cool the cylinder body, and the cylinder body water jacket 1 is provided with a third water inlet 41; the first water inlet 21, the second water inlet 31 and the third water inlet 41 are respectively connected to the total water inlet 10.

[0053] Specifically, in actual application, the engine has an upper cylinder head water jacket 2, a lower cylinder head water jacket 3 and a cylinder body water jacket 1, so that the upper and lower sides of the cylinder head and the cylinder body of the engine can be water-cooled to ensure the performance of the engine.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first water inlet 21, the second water inlet 31 and the third water inlet 41 are respectively connected to the main water inlet 10, so that the cylinder head upper water jacket 2, the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 and the cylinder body water jacket 1 can be independently set, and the coolant in each water jacket can flow independently, thereby realizing independent cooling of the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, the lower area of ​​the cylinder head and the cylinder body corresponding to the engine.

[0055] Furthermore, the water inlets of the above-mentioned water jackets are respectively connected to the total water inlet 10, so that when actually applied to different engines, the cross-section of each water inlet can be adjusted to adjust the flow resistance of each water jacket, and finally achieve the optimal design state of the coolant flow of the cylinder head upper water jacket 2, the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 and the cylinder body water jacket 1, and realize the refined control of the engine thermal management and the independent control of each module water jacket. In addition, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​each water inlet, there is no need to redesign the specific structure of the water jacket, which shortens the time of component design iteration and the development cycle of new products. Optionally, the first water inlet 21 and the second water inlet 31 can divert the coolant flowing into the total water inlet 10 to the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3; and / or, the third water inlet 41 and the first water inlet 21 can divert the coolant flowing to the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 to the cylinder body water jacket 1 and the cylinder head upper water jacket 2.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first water inlet 21 and the second water inlet 31 are directly connected to the main water inlet 10, respectively, so that the coolant flowing in from the main water inlet 10 of the engine can be diverted to the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3. The third water inlet 41 is connected to the main water inlet 10 through the first water inlet 21, that is, the third water inlet 41 is directly connected to the first water inlet 21, so that after the coolant flowing into the main water inlet 10 is diverted, the coolant flowing to the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 is further diverted to the cylinder body water jacket 1 and the cylinder head upper water jacket 2.

[0057] Through the above-mentioned connection method, the coolant flowing from the engine main water inlet 10 to the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head can be divided into two paths, one path enters the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head, and the other path enters the cylinder body water jacket 1, so that the sum of the coolant flow rates in the cylinder body water jacket 1 and the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is roughly equal to the coolant flow rate in the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head. In addition, the coolant flowing into the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is diverted again to the cylinder body water jacket 1, so that the flow rate in each water jacket is easier to control.

[0058] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 is also provided with a first water outlet 22; the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 is also provided with a second water outlet 32; the cylinder body water jacket 1 is also provided with a third water outlet 42; the first water inlet 21, the second water inlet 31, the third water inlet 41, the first water outlet 22, the second water outlet 32, the third water outlet 42 and the total water inlet 10 are all located at the rear end of the engine.

[0059] Specifically, in the present embodiment, each water inlet and each water outlet are arranged at the rear end of the engine, which is conducive to realizing a high degree of integration of the engine. In addition, the heat load on the exhaust side of the engine is usually high. When each water inlet is arranged to be located at the rear end of the engine, the coolant can flow from the exhaust side of the engine to the intake side, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the exhaust side first and then cooling the intake side, thereby improving the cooling effect of each water jacket. Among them, the rear end of the engine usually refers to the rear end of the crankshaft, that is, the end of the crankshaft connected to the flywheel, and the front end of the engine is the end opposite to the rear end, the exhaust side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the exhaust port, and the intake side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the intake port, that is, the side opposite to the exhaust side.

[0060] In one embodiment, a cylinder gasket may be provided on the third water inlet 41 and the third water outlet 42 of the cylinder water jacket 1, and a cylinder gasket water hole connecting the third water inlet 41 and the third water outlet 42 may be provided on the cylinder gasket, thereby achieving flow diversion and improving the sealing performance of the cylinder water jacket 1.

[0061] Alternatively, if Figure 2As shown, the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 is also provided with a first flow channel connecting the first water inlet 21 and the first water outlet 22; the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 is also provided with a second flow channel connecting the second water inlet 31 and the second water outlet 32; the cylinder body water jacket 1 is also provided with a third flow channel 14 connecting the third water inlet 41 and the third water outlet 42; the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel 14 can respectively allow the coolant to surround and cool the cylinder head upper water jacket 2, the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 and the cylinder body water jacket 1.

[0062] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the flow channels in each water jacket are connected to the corresponding water inlet and outlet, so that the coolant therein can surround and cool each water jacket, so that each flow channel can fully cool each position of the engine without turbulence. In addition, since each water inlet and outlet are located at the rear end of the engine, when the coolant surrounds each water jacket for cooling, the coolant flows from the exhaust side of each water jacket to the intake side, which is more effective for cooling the exhaust side.

[0063] Alternatively, if Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the first water inlet 21, the second water inlet 31 and the third water inlet 41 are all located on the exhaust side of the engine, and the first water outlet 22, the second water outlet 32 ​​and the third water outlet 42 are all located on the intake side of the engine.

[0064] Specifically, since the heat load on the exhaust side of the engine is usually higher, in this embodiment, the first water inlet 21, the second water inlet 31 and the third water inlet 41 are arranged on the exhaust side of the engine, and the first water outlet 22, the second water outlet 32 ​​and the third water outlet 42 are arranged on the intake side of the engine, so that the cooling medium can flow from the exhaust side of the engine to the intake side, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the exhaust side first and then cooling the intake side, thereby improving the cooling effect of each water jacket.

[0065] Alternatively, if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a cylinder water jacket water outlet jacket 5, which is arranged at the rear end of the engine cylinder head and is close to the first water outlet 22 and the second water outlet 32, and the third water outlet 42 is connected to the cylinder water jacket water outlet jacket 5.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cylinder water jacket water outlet jacket 5 is used to lead the third water outlet 42 of the cylinder water jacket 1 to the rear end of the engine, so that it can be integrated with the first water outlet 22 and the second water outlet 32 ​​at the same position, further improving the integration of the engine.

[0067] Alternatively, if Figures 5 to 9As shown, the cylinder water jacket 1 includes an exhaust side water jacket and an intake side water jacket, and the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are respectively located on the exhaust side and the intake side of the plurality of cylinder holes; the cylinder water jacket 1 also includes a plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages 11 connecting the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket, and the plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages 11 are respectively located between the cylinder holes of the cylinder body.

[0068] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cylinder water jacket 1 comprises an exhaust side water jacket and an intake side water jacket, which are interconnected at the inter-cylinder position through an inter-cylinder flow channel 11, so that the coolant flows from the exhaust side water jacket to the intake side water jacket to cool the outside of each cylinder block, and can also cool the area between the cylinder blocks, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cylinder water jacket 1 on the engine cylinder block.

[0069] Alternatively, if Figure 8 As shown, the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 is a V-shaped structure, the distance from the top of the V-shaped structure to the top surface of the cylinder body is 1.5mm to 3mm, and the ratio of the distance from the bottom to the top surface of the cylinder body to the engine stroke is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5.

[0070] Specifically, the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 is set to a V-shaped structure so that it can cool the upper part of the nose bridge area between two adjacent cylinders of the engine to avoid the situation where the temperature of the nose bridge area is too high, causing explosion vibration or cracks in the cylinder. The upper part of the nose bridge area usually refers to the movement stroke part of the piston in the cylinder hole of the cylinder.

[0071] Furthermore, the position of the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 of the V-shaped structure can be determined by the distance from its top to the top surface of the cylinder body and the distance from its bottom to the top surface of the cylinder body. Among them, the heights of the two ends of the V-shaped structure can be the same or different, and its top refers to the highest position of the cylinder flow channel. If the distance L2 from its top to the top surface of the cylinder body is too large, it will lead to insufficient cooling of the upper part of the nose bridge area, and if it is too small, it will lead to weak rigidity of the top surface of the cylinder body, affecting the sealing of the top surface of the cylinder body. If the distance L1 from the bottom of the V-shaped structure to the top surface of the cylinder body is too large or too small, it will affect the cooling effect of the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 on the nose bridge area, and if L1 is too large, it will also cause the processing stroke of the V-shaped structure to be larger, resulting in processing difficulties.

[0072] The present application sets the distance L2 from the top of the V-shaped structure to the top surface of the cylinder body to 1.5 mm to 3 mm, for example, 2 mm, and sets the distance L1 from the bottom to the top surface of the cylinder body to a ratio of 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 to the engine stroke, so that the cooling area of ​​the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 can just cool the piston stroke range area, thereby improving the cooling effect. The engine stroke refers to the distance between the engine piston running from the top dead center to the bottom dead center.

[0073] Optionally, the cylinder water jacket 1 also includes a connecting channel 13 located at the front end of the engine, the connecting channel 13 gradually shrinks and then expands from the exhaust side to the intake side, and the minimum distance from the bottom of the connecting channel 13 to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket 1 is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke.

[0074] like Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are interconnected at the front end of the engine to form a connecting channel 13, and the connecting channel 13 gradually shrinks from the exhaust side to the intake side and then gradually expands to form a first angle α6, and the minimum distance from the bottom of the connecting channel 13 to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket 1 is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke, that is, the distance L5 from the top of the first angle α6 to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket 1 is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke.

[0075] In the above structure, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are interconnected at the front end of the engine, so that the coolant can flow into the exhaust side water jacket from the third water inlet 41, and then flow back to the intake side water jacket from the position of the connecting channel at the front end of the engine. The connecting channel forms a first angle α6 at the reduced position, which can increase the pressure difference between the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket, increase the medium flow rate between the cylinder blocks, and then increase the heat exchange of the coolant between the cylinders, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0076] Furthermore, the distance L5 from the top of the first angle α6 to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket 1 affects the flow height of the coolant in the cylinder water jacket 1. Since the heat load of the upper part of the engine cylinder is high, a too small flow height at the front end of the cylinder water jacket 1 will affect the cooling effect of the upper part of the cylinder, while a too large flow height will result in a small pressure difference between the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket, slowing the flow speed of the inter-cylinder flow channel 11 and affecting the heat dissipation effect between the cylinders.

[0077] The present application sets the distance L5 from the top of the first angle α6 to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket 1 to 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke, which can take into account the cooling effect between cylinders and the upper part of the cylinder, and improve the cooling effect of the cylinder water jacket 1 on the entire cylinder.

[0078] Alternatively, if Fig. 9 As shown, the first angle α6 is 60° to 80°.

[0079] Specifically, in practical applications, if the first angle α6 is too large, the cooling effect of the cylinder periphery will be affected, while if the first angle α6 is too small, the flow resistance of the cylinder water jacket 1 will be increased. Setting the first angle α6 to 60° to 80° can take into account both the cooling effect of the cylinder periphery and the flow resistance of the cylinder water jacket 1. For example, the first angle α6 is designed to be 70°.

[0080] Alternatively, if Fig. 9As shown, the top of the first angle α6 is arc-shaped.

[0081] Specifically, the top of the first angle α6 is designed to be arc-shaped, so that there can be a smooth transition between the intake side water jacket and the exhaust side water jacket, thereby minimizing the flow resistance in the water jacket and preventing the occurrence of cooling dead zones that affect the cooling effect of the cylinder water jacket 1.

[0082] Alternatively, if Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are separated from each other at the rear end of the engine, and the ratio of the separation distance L3 to the cylinder bore diameter of the engine is 0.1-0.4.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are separated from each other at the rear end of the engine, which is beneficial to the water inlet and outlet of the cylinder water jacket 1. Among them, if the separation distance L3 is too large, it will affect the cooling effect of the cylinder body periphery, and if it is too small, it will cause excessive pressure loss of the cylinder water jacket 1. The present application sets the ratio of the separation distance L3 to the cylinder bore diameter of the engine to between 0.1 and 0.4, for example, 0.2, which can not only improve the cooling effect of the cylinder body periphery, but also will not cause excessive pressure loss of the cylinder water jacket 1. Among them, the cylinder bore diameter refers to the diameter of the circular inner wall of the engine cylinder.

[0084] Alternatively, if Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust side water jacket 33 and the intake side water jacket 34 are gradually approached from the bottom to the top at the partition position, and can form a second angle α4, and the second angle α4 is 20° to 50°.

[0085] Specifically, in actual applications, if the second angle α4 formed by the cylinder water jacket 1 at the rear end of the engine is too small, the water jacket here will shrink too sharply, increasing the pressure loss of the cylinder water jacket 1. If it is too large, the cooling area around the cylinder will become smaller, affecting the cooling effect around the cylinder. Setting it to 20°~50°, for example 25°, can not only improve the cooling effect around the cylinder, but also will not cause excessive pressure loss of the cylinder water jacket 1.

[0086] Alternatively, if Figures 10 to 14 As shown, the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head; the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 includes a first main body 25 and a second main body 26, the first main body 25 and the second main body 26 are arranged side by side and extend respectively along the front and rear directions of the cylinder head, and the front and rear directions are the direction from the front end of the engine to the rear end of the engine.

[0087] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is mainly used to cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head. It is arranged on the exhaust side of the cylinder head, and a first main body 25 and a second main body 26 extending in the front-rear direction of the cylinder head are arranged side by side to form a double-flow channel 28 water jacket, so that when the coolant flow rate in the water jacket is constant, the coolant can fully cool the exhaust side of the cylinder head from the front end to the rear end of the cylinder head, thereby improving the cooling effect on the exhaust side. The first main body 25 and the second main body 26 are arranged side by side, which means that they are arranged side by side in the direction from the exhaust side to the intake side of the engine to ensure the cooling range of the cylinder head in the width direction of the exhaust side.

[0088] Among them, the rear end of the engine usually refers to the rear end of the crankshaft, that is, the end of the crankshaft connected to the flywheel, and the front end of the engine is the end opposite to the rear end, the exhaust side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the exhaust port, and the intake side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the intake port, that is, the side opposite to the exhaust side.

[0089] In addition, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head, which is only relative to the intake side and its specific position is not strictly limited. Fig.14 As shown, the side of the intake valve guide 8 close to the exhaust valve guide 27 can be referred to as the exhaust side.

[0090] In practical applications, the first body 25 and the second body 26 can be connected to each other or separated from each other. When connected, they can be connected at the front end or rear end of the cylinder head, or in the area between the front end and the rear end. The specific design can be made according to the specific structure of the engine cylinder head and the layout of each component. In addition, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head on the exhaust side of the cylinder head extends at least to the top of the cylinder head, so that the coolant in the water jacket can cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, so that the cooling of the exhaust side of the cylinder head is more sufficient, and the cooling effect on the exhaust side is further improved.

[0091] Alternatively, if Fig.14 As shown, the first body 25 and the second body 26 are connected to each other at the front end of the cylinder head; the first body 25 is provided with a first water inlet 21 at the rear end of the cylinder head, and the second body 26 is provided with a first water outlet 22 at the rear end of the cylinder head.

[0092] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first main body 25 and the second main body 26 are isolated from each other and connected to each other at the front end of the cylinder head, so that the coolant can first flow into the first main body 25 from the first water inlet 21 on the first main body at the rear end of the cylinder head to cool the exhaust side area covered by the first main body 25, and then flow into the second main body 26 through the front end, and then flow out from the first water outlet 22 to cool the exhaust side area covered by the second main body 26, thereby achieving the effect of two-way flow channel 28 circulating to cool the exhaust side of the cylinder head, further improving the cooling effect.

[0093] In addition, in the above embodiment, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head has an independent first water inlet 21 and a first water outlet 22, which can independently control the coolant flow in the water jacket from other water jackets, thereby realizing refined control of the engine thermal management. Furthermore, the first water inlet 21 and the first water outlet 22 are arranged at the same end (rear end) of the cylinder head, which can realize the circulation cooling of the coolant in the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head on the one hand, thereby improving the cooling effect, and on the other hand, it is also convenient for the integrated design of various components of the engine cylinder head.

[0094] In one embodiment, the position of the mutual partition between the first body 25 and the second body 26 can be designed to match the arrangement of the components on the cylinder head. For example, the area with a higher temperature on the cylinder head can be partitioned to achieve a better cooling effect on the high temperature area.

[0095] Alternatively, if Fig.14 As shown, the engine includes a plurality of exhaust valve conduits 27 spaced apart along the front-rear direction, and the first body 25 and the second body 26 are separated from each other at least at positions where the plurality of exhaust valve conduits 27 are located.

[0096] Specifically, in practical applications, the exhaust valve guide 27 is an important part of the engine. As a guide device for the engine's valve, it mainly guides the movement of the valve, ensures that the valve can make reciprocating linear motion, and ensures that the valve and the valve seat have precise concentricity, so that the valve and the valve seat ring can fit correctly. In addition, the exhaust valve guide 27 also plays a role in heat conduction, transferring the heat on the valve stem to the cylinder head, helping to reduce the temperature of the valve stem. Its lower part usually extends to the exhaust duct 4 of the engine, and the operating temperature can usually reach about 200°C.

[0097] In this embodiment, the partition position of the first body 25 and the second body 26 is set at least at the position of the exhaust valve duct 27, so that the coolant in the first body 25 and the second body 26 can pass through multiple exhaust valve ducts 27, and each exhaust valve duct 27 is evenly cooled. In addition, the partition at the exhaust valve duct 27 can prevent its cooling from being affected by the cooling at the exhaust duct 4, thereby avoiding turbulence.

[0098] Alternatively, if Fig.14 As shown, the engine also includes an integrated exhaust manifold 7, a spark plug 9 and an injector 6; the first body 25 can extend at least to the top of the integrated exhaust manifold 7, and the second body 26 can extend at least to the periphery of the spark plug 9 and the periphery of the injector 6.

[0099] Specifically, in actual applications, the operating temperature of the integrated exhaust manifold 7 (IEM) is usually relatively high. It is located on the outside of the multiple exhaust valve ducts 27 (i.e., on the side away from the intake valve ducts 8), and the first body 25 at least extends to cover the top of the integrated exhaust manifold 7, that is, the projection of the first body 25 on the integrated exhaust manifold 7 can completely cover the integrated exhaust manifold 7, thereby improving the cooling effect on the integrated exhaust manifold 7.

[0100] In addition, in actual applications, the spark plug 9 and the injector 6 are usually located above the cylinder body. The spark plug 9 is used to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder, and the injector 6 is used to atomize the fuel and spray it to produce high-pressure oil mist for combustion in the cylinder. Both of them will also cause high temperatures during operation. The second body 26 extends at least to the position around the spark plug 9 and the injector 6, that is, at least part of the structure of the second body can surround the spark plug 9 and the injector 6, so that it has a better cooling effect on the spark plug 9 and the injector 6.

[0101] Through the position arrangement of the first body 25 and the second body 26, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head has a good cooling effect on the components with higher working temperatures on the cylinder head, thereby improving the cooling effect on the exhaust side of the cylinder head as a whole.

[0102] Alternatively, if Fig.11 and Fig.14 As shown, the engine also includes a plurality of intake valve ducts 8 spaced apart along the front-to-rear direction; the second body 26 is located between the plurality of exhaust valve ducts 27 and the plurality of intake valve ducts 8, and the contours on both sides of the exhaust valve ducts 27, the first body 25, the first body 25, the second body 26, and the second body 26 are respectively consistent with the contours of the plurality of exhaust valve ducts 27 and the plurality of intake valve ducts 8.

[0103] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second body 26 is disposed between the exhaust valve conduit 27 and the intake valve conduit 8, and the contours on both sides of the second body 26 are respectively consistent with the contours of the multiple exhaust valve conduits 27 and the multiple intake valve conduits 8, which not only improves the cooling effect of the exhaust valve conduits 27, but also ensures that the flow rate of the coolant around each cylinder block of the engine is consistent. Among them, the contours on both sides of the second body 26 are consistent with the contours of the multiple exhaust valve conduits 27 and the multiple intake valve conduits 8, which means that the shape of the outer contour of the second body 26 can be designed according to the shape of the conduits on both sides, such as Fig.11 and Fig.14 shown.

[0104] Alternatively, if Fig.14 As shown, a plurality of flow channels 28 are arranged in the first body 25 at intervals, one end of each of the plurality of flow channels 28 is connected to the first water inlet 21, and the other end of each of the plurality of flow channels 28 is connected to the second body 26. The plurality of flow channels 28 have the same width and are evenly arranged along the width direction of the first body 25.

[0105] Specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of flow channels 28 are provided in the first body 25 so that the cylinder head covered by the first body 25 can be evenly cooled. The uniform width and uniform arrangement of the flow channels 28 can ensure the uniform flow of the coolant in each flow channel 28, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling of each part of the first body 25. In one embodiment, five flow channels 28 can be provided in the first body 25, and their width is set to about 14 mm.

[0106] Alternatively, if Fig.11 and Fig.14 As shown, the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 also includes a water outlet pipe 29, and the second main body 26 is close to the air intake side of the cylinder head. The water outlet pipe 29 is connected to the second main body 26 at the rear end of the cylinder head, and the first water outlet 22 is formed on the air intake side.

[0107] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first water outlet 22 of the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is led out to the air intake side of the engine through the water outlet pipe 29, which neither affects the layout of other components on the cylinder head nor facilitates the integrated design of the positions of the first water outlet 22 and the water outlets of other water jacket structures of the engine.

[0108] Alternatively, if Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the cylinder head also includes a lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head, the upper water jacket 2 of the cylinder head is used for coolant to flow to cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, and the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head is used for coolant to flow to cool the lower area of ​​the cylinder head; the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head is provided with a second water inlet 31 and a second water outlet 32, the second water inlet 31 is close to the first water inlet 21, and the second water outlet 32 ​​is close to the first water outlet 22.

[0109] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper water jacket 2 and the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head are used to cool the upper area and the lower area of ​​the cylinder head respectively, so as to form an overall cooling effect on the entire cylinder head. Among them, the second water inlet 31 and the second water outlet 32 ​​of the lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head are designed to be close to the first water inlet 21 and the first water outlet 22 respectively, which improves the integration of the cylinder head and facilitates the water inlet and outlet design of the entire water jacket system.

[0110] Alternatively, if Fig.12 As shown, the cylinder head is also provided with an exhaust passage 4, which is located between the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3, and the shapes of the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 at the position of the exhaust passage 4 are consistent with the shape of the exhaust passage 4.

[0111] Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust duct 4 is used to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion of the engine, and its heat load is usually high. The upper and lower sides of the exhaust duct 4 are cooled by the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3, respectively, thereby improving the cooling effect. Among them, the shape of the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 at the exhaust duct 4 is designed to be consistent with the shape of the exhaust duct 4, that is, the shape of the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 at the exhaust duct 4 is the same or similar, which increases the contact area between the cylinder head upper water jacket 2 and the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 and the exhaust duct 4, thereby improving the cooling effect on the exhaust duct 4.

[0112] Alternatively, if Figures 10 to 16 As shown, the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 includes an exhaust side water jacket 33, an intake side water jacket 34 and a combustion chamber water jacket 35 for cooling the upper part of the combustion chamber; the exhaust side water jacket 33 is provided with a first flow channel extending along the front-to-back direction of the cylinder head, the intake side water jacket 34 is provided with a second flow channel extending along the front-to-back direction of the cylinder head, and the combustion chamber water jacket 35 is provided with a third flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected to the second flow channel through the third flow channel.

[0113] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cylinder head lower water jacket 3 of the cylinder head is designed to have an exhaust side water jacket 33, an intake side water jacket 34 and a combustion chamber water jacket 35, and by respectively arranging a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel along the front-to-rear direction of the cylinder head in the exhaust side water jacket 33, the intake side water jacket 34 and the combustion chamber water jacket 35, the coolant can flow longitudinally in the cylinder head along the front-to-rear direction, and the first flow channel is connected with the second flow channel through the third flow channel, so that the coolant can flow transversely in the cylinder head from the exhaust side to the intake side. This combination of longitudinal flow and transverse flow is beneficial to the cooling of the exhaust side and the combustion chamber, reduces the temperature difference between the intake and exhaust sides and the temperature near the combustion chamber, and improves the cooling effect of the entire cylinder head.

[0114] In the above embodiment, the rear end of the cylinder head is consistent with the rear end, front end, intake side and exhaust side of the engine. The rear end of the engine usually refers to the rear end of the crankshaft, that is, the end of the crankshaft connected to the flywheel, and the front end of the engine is the end opposite to the rear end, the exhaust side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the exhaust port, and the intake side of the engine refers to the side of the engine located at the intake port, that is, the side opposite to the exhaust side.

[0115] Alternatively, if Fig.11 and Fig.16 As shown, the combustion chamber water jacket 35 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of the combustion chamber water jackets 35 are located one-to-one above each combustion chamber; the third flow passage is provided in plurality corresponding to the combustion chamber water jacket 35, and the first flow passage is connected to the second flow passage through the plurality of the third flow passages.

[0116] Specifically, in this embodiment, a combustion chamber water jacket 35 is correspondingly designed above each combustion chamber, and the coolant in the first flow channel can be diverted to the third flow channel in each combustion chamber water jacket 35 to evenly cool each cylinder body. The coolant in the first flow channel enters the exhaust side water jacket 33 through the second water inlet 31, first cools the exhaust side with a higher temperature, and then cools each combustion chamber through each third flow channel, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cylinder head lower layer water jacket 3 on the combustion chamber temperature.

[0117] Alternatively, if Fig.16 As shown, the shapes of the plurality of combustion chamber water jackets 35 are respectively consistent with the shapes of the cylinder ports of the cylinder block.

[0118] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shape of each combustion chamber water jacket 35 is designed to be consistent with the shape of each cylinder port of the cylinder block, so that it can fully cool the upper part of each combustion chamber, thereby improving the cooling effect on the combustion chamber temperature.

[0119] Alternatively, if Fig.16 As shown, the third flow channel includes two cooling segments 351 arranged side by side and a connecting segment 352 that converges the two cooling segments 351; the coolant in the first flow channel can be diverted to each of the cooling segments 351 and converge into the second flow channel through the corresponding connecting segment 352.

[0120] Specifically, in this embodiment, two cooling sections 351 are arranged side by side along the front-rear direction of the cylinder head, that is, the two cooling sections 351 are respectively located on both sides above a cylinder port, so as to achieve sufficient cooling of the combustion chamber. Among them, the connecting section 352 is used to connect the two cooling sections 351, so that the coolant in the combustion chamber water jacket 35 can flow into the intake side water jacket 34, and then the coolant can flow out, so that the entire cylinder head lower layer water jacket 3 can form a cross-flow cooling mode.

[0121] In practical applications, by designing the width of different connecting sections 352, it is possible to limit the flow rate in each cooling section 351, achieve approximately the same flow rate in each cooling section 351, and improve the uniformity of cooling of each combustion chamber.

[0122] Alternatively, if Fig.16 As shown, a plurality of flow-blocking structures 36 are provided on the exhaust-side water jacket 33 , and the flow-blocking structures 36 can make the flow rate of the coolant flowing from the first flow channel into each of the third flow channels the same.

[0123] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the coolant in the first flow channel enters from the rear end of the cylinder head, it needs to be evenly diverted to each third flow channel. By setting a flow-blocking structure 36 in the first flow channel, the flow direction of the coolant in the first flow channel can be blocked. By rationally setting the position and structural shape of the flow-blocking structure 36, the purpose of making the flow in each third flow channel the same can be achieved, thereby enabling the coolant in each third flow channel to achieve uniform diversion. Among them, the flow-blocking structure 36 can be designed as a plurality of hollow structures located on the exhaust side water jacket 33, which not only achieves the purpose of uniform diversion, but also simplifies and lightens the structure of the cylinder head. In addition, in actual design, the specific shape and position of the flow-blocking structure 36 can be determined by simulation, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0124] Alternatively, if Fig.16 As shown, the engine further includes an integrated exhaust manifold 7 , and the exhaust side water jacket 33 extends at least to the bottom of the integrated exhaust manifold 7 .

[0125] Specifically, in practical applications, the operating temperature of the integrated exhaust manifold (IEM) is usually relatively high, and the exhaust side water jacket 33 is extended to the bottom of the integrated exhaust manifold 7 to improve the cooling effect on the integrated exhaust manifold 7 .

[0126] Optionally, the exhaust side water jacket 33 is further provided with a second water inlet 31, and the intake side water jacket 34 is further provided with a second water outlet 32, and the second water inlet 31 and the second water outlet 32 ​​are both located at the rear end of the cylinder head.

[0127] Specifically, the second water inlet 31 and the second water outlet 32 ​​are both arranged at the rear end of the cylinder head, which can improve the integration of the cylinder head structure on the one hand, and is conducive to the formation of a longitudinal flow form of the internal coolant along the front-to-back direction of the cylinder head on the other hand, thereby reducing cooling dead angles and improving the cooling uniformity and cooling effect of the cylinder head.

[0128] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the engine described in the first aspect.

[0129] Specifically, the vehicle provided in the present application adopts the engine provided in the first aspect as a power source. Since the water jackets of various parts of the engine can be independently controlled, the refined control effect of the vehicle's thermal management system is improved, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the entire vehicle.

[0130] The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0131] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An engine, provided with a main water inlet (10), characterized in that: include: The cylinder head upper water jacket (2) is used for cooling liquid to flow so as to cool the upper area of ​​the cylinder head, and the cylinder head upper water jacket (2) is provided with a first water inlet (21); A cylinder head lower water jacket (3) for coolant to flow to cool the lower area of ​​the cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head lower water jacket (3) is provided with a second water inlet (31); and A cylinder water jacket (1) for cooling liquid to flow to cool the cylinder, the cylinder water jacket (1) being provided with a third water inlet (41); The first water inlet (21), the second water inlet (31) and the third water inlet (41) are respectively connected to the main water inlet (10).

2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that The first water inlet (21) and the second water inlet (31) are capable of allowing the coolant flowing into the main water inlet (10) to be diverted to the cylinder head upper water jacket (2) and the cylinder head lower water jacket (3); and / or, The third water inlet (41) and the first water inlet (21) enable the coolant flowing from the main water inlet (10) to the cylinder head upper water jacket (2) to be diverted to the cylinder body water jacket (1) and the cylinder head upper water jacket (2).

3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that The cylinder head upper water jacket (2) is also provided with a first water outlet (22), the cylinder head lower water jacket (3) is also provided with a second water outlet (32), and the cylinder body water jacket (1) is also provided with a third water outlet (42); The first water inlet (21), the second water inlet (31), the third water inlet (41), the first water outlet (22), the second water outlet (32), the third water outlet (42) and the total water inlet are all located at the rear end of the engine.

4. The engine according to claim 3, characterized in that The cylinder head upper water jacket (2) is also provided with a first flow channel communicating with the first water inlet (21) and the first water outlet (22); The cylinder head lower water jacket (3) is also provided with a second flow channel communicating with the second water inlet (31) and the second water outlet (32); The cylinder water jacket (1) is further provided with a third flow channel (14) communicating with the third water inlet (41) and the third water outlet (42); The first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel (14) can respectively allow the coolant to surround and cool the cylinder head upper water jacket (2), the cylinder head lower water jacket (3) and the cylinder body water jacket (1).

5. The engine according to claim 3, characterized in that The first water inlet (21), the second water inlet (31) and the third water inlet (41) are all located on the exhaust side of the engine, and the first water outlet (22), the second water outlet (32) and the third water outlet (42) are all located on the intake side of the engine.

6. The engine according to claim 5, characterized in that It also comprises a cylinder water jacket outlet jacket (5), the cylinder water jacket outlet jacket (5) being arranged at the rear end of the engine cylinder head, and the third water outlet (42) being in communication with the cylinder water jacket outlet jacket (5).

7. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that The cylinder block has a plurality of cylinder holes arranged in sequence along the front-rear direction of the engine, and the cylinder block water jacket (1) comprises an exhaust side water jacket and an intake side water jacket, wherein the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are respectively located on the exhaust side and the intake side of the plurality of cylinder holes; The cylinder water jacket (1) further comprises a plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages (11) connecting the exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket, and the plurality of inter-cylinder flow passages (11) are respectively located between the cylinder holes.

8. The engine according to claim 7, characterized in that The inter-cylinder flow channel (11) is a V-shaped structure, the distance from the top of the V-shaped structure to the top surface of the cylinder body is 1.5 mm to 3 mm, and the ratio of the distance from the bottom to the top surface of the cylinder body to the engine stroke is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5.

9. The engine according to claim 7, characterized in that The cylinder water jacket (1) further comprises a connecting channel (13) located at the front end of the engine, the connecting channel (13) gradually shrinks from the exhaust side to the intake side and then gradually expands, and the minimum distance from the bottom of the connecting channel (13) to the top surface of the cylinder water jacket (1) is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the engine stroke.

10. The engine according to claim 7, characterized in that The exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket are separated from each other at the rear end of the engine, and the ratio of the separation distance to the cylinder hole diameter is 0.1 to 0.

4.

11. The engine according to claim 10, characterized in that The exhaust side water jacket and the intake side water jacket gradually approach each other from the bottom to the top at the partition position.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: An engine comprising any one of claims 1-11.

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