Oil well pump, sand filtering mechanism and sand filtering method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil production, and discloses an oil pump, a sand filtering mechanism and a sand filtering method. The oil pump comprises a pump barrel, a plunger and a sand filtering mechanism, wherein the pump barrel comprises an upper tube, a lower tube and a casing, the inner wall of the lower tube is provided with a sewage discharge hole, and the sewage discharge hole penetrates the casing, the plunger is arranged inside the upper tube, and a cleaning component is arranged at the lower end of the plunger, and the cleaning component comprises a positioning frame, a rotating column is rotatably connected at the axis of the positioning frame, a plurality of scrapers are obliquely arranged on the outer surface of the rotating column, and a first magnet is arranged on the bottom surface of each scraper; the sand filtering mechanism integrates filtering and oil feeding into one, so that filtering can be performed during the oil feeding process, and the situation that gaps appear in the sand particles when the valve sealing method is adopted, resulting in oil reflux, and the sand filtering mechanism can automatically clean itself during the oil feeding process, so that sand cleaning and oil feeding are carried out synchronously, and the overall efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction, and in particular to an oil pump, a sand filtering mechanism and a sand filtering method. Background Art

[0002] The oil well pump is mainly composed of pump body, motor, filtration system and connecting pipes. The pump body is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant materials to meet the liquid transportation requirements under different working conditions. The motor provides power for the entire system, driving the pump body to work and the rotor of the centrifugal filter device to rotate. The filtration system is integrated at the inlet end of the pump body, forming a compact overall structure with the pump body, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN106499613A discloses an oil pump, comprising: a pump barrel unit, which comprises an outer tube made of metal and a plurality of sections of pump barrels made of ceramics arranged in the outer tube, a first gasket is arranged between adjacent sections of the pump barrel, and the diameter of the outer tube is smaller than the diameter of the pump barrel; a plunger unit arranged in the pump barrel, which comprises an upstream movable valve unit, an inner tube made of metal connected to the upstream movable valve unit through an upper joint of the plunger, a plurality of sections of plungers made of ceramics arranged outside the inner tube, a downstream movable valve unit connected to the inner tube and below the plunger through a lower joint of the plunger, and a second gasket is arranged between adjacent sections of the plunger. Although the device can reduce the breakage of the plunger and the pump barrel made of ceramics, it cannot filter sand particles, affecting the purity of the oil.

[0004] The Chinese patent with publication number CN110630481B discloses an oil pump, including a pump barrel and a plunger assembly, the pump barrel has an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end; the plunger assembly includes a plunger and an elastic ring. The plunger is slidably arranged in the pump barrel, and has a gap with the inner wall of the pump barrel. The plunger has an inlet end facing the oil inlet end, an outlet end facing the oil outlet end, and an oil cavity connecting the inlet end and the outlet end; the oil cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity distributed along the axial direction and separated from each other, the first cavity is connected to the inlet end, and the second cavity is connected to the outlet end. Although the device can prevent the oil from flowing back, it cannot discharge the sand in time, and it is easy to cause blockage under long-term accumulation.

[0005] In actual use, impurity particles such as sand and gravel often appear in the valve, which reduces the sealing effect of the valve and causes the extracted oil to flow back, that is, leak, affecting the oil recovery efficiency. In order to avoid this problem, a filter is usually used for filtering. Although the filter can block the debris, after long-term use, the sand will accumulate at the filter to form large particles, which will then clog the filter and affect the overall transmission efficiency. At the same time, the accumulated sand cannot be exhausted and needs to be flushed later, which is inconvenient.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an oil well pump, a sand filtering mechanism and a sand filtering method. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an oil well pump, a sand filtering mechanism and a sand filtering method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oil well pump, comprising a pump barrel, a plunger and a sand filter mechanism, wherein the pump barrel comprises an upper tube, a lower tube and a casing, the inner wall of the lower tube is provided with a drainage hole, and the drainage hole penetrates the casing;

[0009] The plunger is arranged inside the upper tube, and a cleaning assembly is arranged at the lower end of the plunger, and the cleaning assembly comprises a positioning frame, and a rotating column is rotatably connected at the axis of the positioning frame, and a plurality of scrapers are obliquely arranged on the outer surface of the rotating column, and a first magnet is arranged on the bottom surface of each scraper;

[0010] The sand filtering mechanism is arranged inside the lower tube, and a circular groove is opened at the edge of the upper surface of the sand filtering mechanism. A circular plate is slidably connected inside the circular groove, and the cross-section of the circular plate is in the shape of a letter 7. A second magnet is arranged on the upper surface of the circular plate, and the second magnet and the first magnet repel each other magnetically. A first spring is arranged between the circular plate and the circular groove.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the upper tube is sleeved inside the sleeve, the upper end of the lower tube is sleeved inside the sleeve, and a sealing ring is provided between the upper tube and the lower tube, and the three are in close contact.

[0012] Preferably, the plunger includes a transport tube, a liquid inlet tube is provided at the lower end of the transport tube, a first valve is placed at the upper end of the liquid inlet tube, and the outer surface of the first valve is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet tube, and the inner diameter of the transport tube is larger than the diameter of the first valve.

[0013] Preferably, a liquid outlet pipe is provided at the upper end of the transport pipe, a first through hole is provided at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe, a second valve is placed inside the first through hole, and the outer surface of the second valve is in contact with the inner wall of the first through hole, the diameter of the second valve is smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe, a plurality of first through grooves are provided on the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe, and the cross-section of the first through grooves is in the shape of a letter "7", and a sucker rod column is provided at the axis of the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe.

[0014] The present invention also provides a sand filtering mechanism, which is used for an oil pump. The sand filtering mechanism includes a mounting cylinder, wherein a second through hole is provided inside the mounting cylinder, and the inner diameter of the second through hole gradually increases from bottom to top. A cover plate is provided at the upper end of the second through hole, and a plurality of second through grooves are provided on the upper surface of the cover plate, and a filter net is provided inside each second through groove.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing block is slidably connected inside the second through hole, a plurality of fan blades are provided on the outer surface of the sealing block, a blind hole is opened at the axis center of the upper surface of the sealing block, a support rod is provided inside the blind hole, and the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cover plate.

[0016] Preferably, a slide groove is provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sealing block, a frosted plate is provided inside the slide groove, a second spring is provided between the bottom surface of the frosted plate and the bottom wall of the slide groove, an air inlet hole is provided on the bottom surface of the slide groove, and the other end of the air inlet hole is connected to the blind hole.

[0017] The present invention also provides a sand filtering method for an oil well pump, and the specific operation method steps are as follows:

[0018] S1. Connect the pump barrel to the external oil pipe, lower the whole pump to the designed depth, connect the plunger to the sucker rod, and lower it to the bottom of the pump barrel along with the sucker rod, and reserve the anti-collision distance as required;

[0019] S2. Filter most of the sand through the sand filter mechanism to prevent too much sand from entering the pump barrel, which will affect the purity of the oil and cause blockage;

[0020] S3. The plunger can be used to rotate the scraper during the sinking process, so that the debris attached to the inside can be cleaned and separated. At the same time, when the scraper rotates, it can change the flow mode of the oil, causing it to rotate and speed up the transmission efficiency of the oil;

[0021] S4. The first magnet and the second magnet can change the position of the annular plate at an appropriate time to open the drain hole. At this time, the internal pressure is relatively high. Under the action of pressure, the debris accumulated below can be discharged to avoid blockage caused by excessive accumulation.

[0022] Technical effects of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The present invention integrates filtration and oil intake into one through a sand filter mechanism, which can filter during the oil intake process, avoiding the situation in which gaps between sand particles occur when a valve seal is used, causing oil reflux. At the same time, the sand filter mechanism can automatically clean itself during the oil intake process, so that sand cleaning and oil intake are carried out simultaneously, and the overall efficiency is higher.

[0024] 2. The present invention can make the scraper rotate while descending through the cooperation between the plunger and the positioning frame, so that the inner wall of the pipeline can be continuously cleaned. At this time, the oil is relatively still. Driven by the scraper, a certain vortex can be generated, which can play a certain drainage role on the debris. When the scraper descends to the second threshold, the drainage hole can be opened, and the debris can be quickly discharged under the action of pressure.

[0025] 3. The present invention can make the frosting plate contact with the filter and rotate continuously through the cooperation of the fan blades and the support rod, so that the debris attached to the surface of the filter can be thoroughly cleaned through friction. At the same time, under the action of friction, the sand can also be ground to make the sand gradually smaller, avoiding the accumulation of too large sand on the filter and causing blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transport pipe of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the casing of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the installation tube of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing block of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. pump barrel; 101. upper tube; 102. lower tube; 103. casing; 2. plunger; 201. transport pipe; 202. liquid inlet pipe; 203. first valve; 204. liquid outlet pipe; 205. first through hole; 206. second valve; 207. first through groove; 208. sucker rod column; 3. drain hole; 4. cleaning assembly; 401. positioning frame; 402. rotating column; 403. scraper; 5. annular groove; 6. annular plate; 7. mounting barrel; 8. second through hole; 9. cover plate; 10. second through groove; 11. filter screen; 12. sealing block; 13. blind hole; 14. support rod; 15. fan blade; 16. slide groove; 17. frosted plate; 18. air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] First embodiment

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this embodiment discloses an oil pump, including a pump barrel 1, a plunger 2 and a sand filter mechanism. The pump barrel 1 includes an upper tube 101, a lower tube 102 and a casing 103. Under the action of the casing 103, the upper tube 101 and the lower tube 102 can be spliced ​​together. By adopting a splicing method, it is more convenient to install and disassemble, and it can be installed without using specific tools. A drain hole 3 is opened on the inner wall of the lower tube 102, and the drain hole 3 runs through the casing 103. The drain hole 3 is always in a closed state to prevent overflow during oil pumping. When a specific situation occurs, the drain hole 3 will open to quickly discharge the debris at the bottom together with the oil to avoid blockage caused by excessive accumulation of debris and cause unnecessary trouble.

[0036] The plunger 2 is arranged inside the upper tube 101. The plunger 2 can slide up and down freely. By changing the internal force conditions, the oil can be transported to the ground through the plunger 2. A cleaning component 4 is provided at the lower end of the plunger 2. The cleaning component 4 can move with the plunger 2. When the plunger 2 descends or rises, the oil acts on the surface of the cleaning component 4, which can rotate. Under continuous rotation, the inner wall can be effectively cleaned to avoid the plunger 2 from getting stuck during movement. The cleaning component 4 includes a positioning frame 401. The positioning frame 401 can effectively fix the position of the rotating column 402 to avoid misalignment during use, which affects the oil transmission. The rotating column 402 is rotatably connected to the axis of the positioning frame 401. The outer surface of the rotating column 402 is inclined with a plurality of scrapers 403. The scraper 403 adopts a streamlined design to enable the oil to pass quickly to avoid affecting the transmission efficiency. The bottom surface of each scraper 403 is provided with a first magnet.

[0037] The sand filtering mechanism is arranged inside the lower tube 102, so as to prevent sand particles from entering the upper tube 101 through the lower tube 102, thereby reducing the blockage of the upper tube 101. An annular groove 5 is provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sand filtering mechanism, and the annular groove 5 can constrain the position of the annular plate 6 so that it can rise or fall smoothly, and the two are in close contact to prevent debris from entering and getting stuck. The inside of the annular groove 5 is slidably connected with the annular plate 6, and the cross section of the annular plate 6 is in the shape of a figure 7. The use of the annular plate 6 with a cross section in the shape of a figure 7 can effectively make the side of the annular plate 6 and the inner wall of the lower tube 102 in close contact, avoiding the occurrence of gaps and waste caused by oil spillage. At the same time, when the annular plate 6 moves to the lower end, a smooth passage can be formed to reduce the friction system between debris and the surface. The number of the ring plate 6 is such that the debris can pass through quickly, and the weight of the debris is prevented from being too large and unable to be floated by the oil, which affects the discharge of the debris. A second magnet is provided on the upper surface of the ring plate 6, and the second magnet and the first magnet magnetically repel each other. When the first magnet and the second magnet gradually approach each other, the second magnet moves downward under the action of the magnetic repulsion, thereby changing the position of the ring plate 6 and opening the drain hole 3. A first spring is provided between the ring plate 6 and the annular groove 5. When the force on the ring plate 6 decreases, the first spring can be compressed to store energy. When the force disappears, the ring plate 6 is reset under the action of elasticity to close the drain hole 3 again, so as to avoid affecting the efficiency of oil transmission. At the same time, under the action of the first spring, it can effectively prevent the pressure from rising and changing the position of the ring plate 6, thereby causing oil overflow.

[0038] The lower end of the upper tube 101 is sleeved inside the casing 103, and the upper end of the lower tube 102 is sleeved inside the casing 103. A sealing ring is provided between the upper tube 101 and the lower tube 102, and the three are in close contact. At the same time, a sealing ring is provided at the connection. When the sealing ring is deformed to both sides by the pressure of the oil, the gap can be completely filled, thereby effectively sealing and avoiding oil overflow.

[0039] The plunger 2 includes a transport pipe 201, a liquid inlet pipe 202 is provided at the lower end of the transport pipe 201, a first valve 203 is placed at the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe 202, and the outer surface of the first valve 203 is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe 202. When the first valve 203 is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe 202, the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe 202 can be effectively sealed to prevent oil from flowing therefrom. The inner diameter of the transport pipe 201 is larger than the diameter of the first valve 203, so that oil can pass through the gap between the first valve 203 and the transport pipe 201, thereby achieving the purpose of transporting oil.

[0040] A liquid outlet pipe 204 is provided at the upper end of the transport pipe 201, and a first through hole 205 is provided at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe 204. A second valve 206 is placed inside the first through hole 205, and the outer surface of the second valve 206 is in contact with the inner wall of the first through hole 205. The diameter of the second valve 206 is smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe 204. A plurality of first through grooves 207 are provided on the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe 204, and the cross-section of the first through grooves 207 is in a 7-shape, thereby making the size of the first through grooves 207 larger, making it more convenient to transport oil. A sucker rod column 208 is provided at the axis of the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe 204. The sucker rod column 208 is connected to external power and can provide power for the sucker rod column 208 so that it can reciprocate up and down.

[0041] Furthermore, during the upstroke, the plunger 2 moves upward, the sand filter mechanism opens, the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 are closed, the fluid in the well enters the pump barrel 1, and the plunger 2 rises. During the downstroke, the plunger 2 moves downward, the volume of the pump decreases and the pressure increases, the sand filter mechanism gradually closes, the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 open, and the plunger 2 moves downward to its original position, completing a suction process.

[0042] Second embodiment

[0043] The present embodiment discloses a sand filtering mechanism, which is used for an oil pump. The sand filtering mechanism can effectively filter impurities in oil to prevent sand from entering the pump when the oil is transmitted, and the accumulation gradually expands to cause blockage or affect the transmission efficiency. The sand filtering mechanism includes a mounting cylinder 7, a second through hole 8 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 7, and the inner diameter of the second through hole 8 gradually increases from bottom to top. A cover plate 9 is provided at the upper end of the second through hole 8, and a plurality of second through grooves 10 are provided on the upper surface of the cover plate 9. A filter screen 11 is provided inside each of the second through grooves 10. By adopting the inclined surface setting, the entered oil can be diffused to the surroundings to prevent the oil from piling up and affecting the filtering efficiency.

[0044] The second through hole 8 is slidably connected with a sealing block 12. When the sealing block 12 is at the lowest end, it can completely seal the lower end of the second through hole 8 to prevent the oil from passing through and causing backflow. When the sealing block 12 gradually rises, under the action of the inclined surface, the gap between the sealing block 12 and the second through hole 8 gradually increases. The larger the amount of oil, the larger the opening, to avoid blockage. The outer surface of the sealing block 12 is provided with a plurality of blades 15. The blades 15 are streamlined in design. When the oil passes through the blades 15, the blades 15 are pushed to rotate, and then the sealing block 12 is rotated while rising, so that the oil can be stirred to generate a vortex, increase the flow rate of the oil, and make it hit the filter 11. A certain vibration can be generated, and the debris attached to the surface of the filter screen 11 can be vibrated and separated by vibration. At the same time, most of the separated debris are large particles, and they continue to collide with the subsequent sand particles, which can break the large particles and turn them into small particles to pass through. Then, under the action of the sewage discharge hole 3, the sand particles attached to the vicinity can be cleaned up to avoid the situation where the sand concentration here is too high and it is easy to get blocked. A blind hole 13 is opened at the axis center of the upper surface of the sealing block 12, and a support rod 14 is provided inside the blind hole 13. The upper end of the support rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cover plate 9. Under the action of the support rod 14, the sealing block 12 can be impacted by the oil and can gradually rise along the trajectory of the support rod 14 to avoid misalignment.

[0045] A chute 16 is provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sealing block 12, and a frosting plate 17 is provided inside the chute 16. The frosting plate 17 can rotate with the rotation of the sealing block 12. When it rises to a certain position, the frosting plate 17 can contact the filter screen 11, so that the debris attached to the surface of the filter screen can be thoroughly cleaned by friction. At the same time, under the action of friction, the sand particles can also be ground to make the sand particles gradually smaller, so as to avoid the accumulation of too large sand particles at the filter screen 11 and cause blockage. There is a friction plate between the bottom surface of the frosting plate 17 and the bottom wall of the chute 16. The second spring and the bottom surface of the slide groove 16 are provided with an air inlet 18, and the other end of the air inlet 18 is connected with the blind hole 13. When the sealing block 12 gradually rises, under the action of the support rod 14, the internal space of the blind hole 13 is reduced, and the gas inside is compressed, so that the gas moves into the slide groove 16 through the air inlet 18, so that the frosting plate 17 extends outward, so that it can contact the filter screen 11 faster, and the pressure between the two gradually increases, so that the large sand particles adsorbed together can be ground and made smaller to avoid being blocked in the filter screen.

[0046] In actual use, the pump barrel 1 is connected to the external oil pipe, and the whole is lowered to the designed depth. The plunger 2 is connected to the sucker rod column 208, and is lowered to the bottom of the pump barrel 1 along with the sucker rod column 208. The anti-collision distance is reserved as required. When the preparation work is completed, the sucker rod column 208 is started to drive the plunger 2 to move downward, the volume inside the pump is reduced and the pressure increases, the sand filter mechanism is gradually closed, and the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 are opened, so that the gas under the plunger 2 can be discharged from the liquid outlet pipe 204 through the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 in sequence.

[0047] When oil is introduced, under the action of the sucker rod column 208, the plunger 2 moves upward, the sand filter mechanism opens, and the fluid in the well gradually approaches the sealing block 12 below. Under the impact of the fluid, the sealing block 12 gradually rises, and at the same time, part of the fluid flows along the surface of the sealing block 12, thereby contacting the fan blade 15. Under the flushing of the fluid, the fan blade 15 can be pushed to rotate, thereby driving the sealing block 12 to rotate, thereby changing the movement trajectory of the fluid, causing it to rotate, and increasing its flow rate, so that the high-flow rate fluid hits the filter screen 11 to generate a certain vibration, and the vibration makes some of the attached sand particles cleaned to avoid excessive accumulation and blockage. As the sealing block 12 gradually rises, under the extrusion of the support rod 14, the internal space of the blind hole 13 gradually decreases, and under the action of pressure, the gas enters the chute 16 through the air inlet 18. Under the action of air pressure, the frosting plate 17 extends outward, so that it can contact the filter screen 11 faster and clean it earlier.

[0048] When the frosting plate 17 contacts the filter screen 11, the rotating sealing block 12 can drive the frosting plate 17 to rotate continuously, so that the frosting plate 17 and the filter screen 11 can be in contact, so that the debris attached to the surface of the filter screen can be thoroughly cleaned through friction. At the same time, under the action of friction, the sand particles can also be ground to gradually become smaller, thereby preventing the sand particles from accumulating too large and causing blockage in the filter screen 11. When the sealing block 12 rises again, the extrusion pressure between the frosting plate 17 and the filter screen 11 is increased again, thereby further improving the degree of grinding and avoiding the occurrence of large particles of sand.

[0049] When the oil enters the interior through the filter screen 11 and is filled, the plunger 2 moves downward again under the action of the sucker rod column 208, the pump internal volume decreases and the pressure increases, the sand filter mechanism gradually closes, the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 open, so that the oil under the plunger 2 can pass through the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 in turn into the interior of the upper pipe 101, and the gradually descending plunger 2 can push the scraper 403 to gradually rotate, so that the inner wall of the pipeline can be continuously cleaned, and at this time the oil is relatively still, driven by the scraper 403, a certain vortex can be generated, and in the vortex Under the action, since the density of the cleaned debris or sand is greater than that of the oil, the cleaned debris can be gathered at the edge of the upper tube 101, and gradually move downward with the scraper 403, and gradually gather with the sand below. At the same time, the cleaning component 4 gradually descends, and under the resistance of the water flow below, it rotates itself, driving the grinding plate 17 to rotate, thereby driving the oil above the cleaning component 4 to generate a vortex. Under the action of the vortex, the broken small sand particles are driven to gather near the cover plate 9, so that when the sewage hole 3 is opened later, the material can be discharged faster, avoiding the situation where the sewage hole 3 is opened for a short time and the sand particles farther away cannot be discharged in time.

[0050] When the scraper 403 descends to a first threshold, a magnetic repulsion force is generated between the first magnet and the second magnet, which reduces the speed of the scraper 403 and reduces the rotation speed of the scraper 403, so that the formed vortex gradually disappears, so that the debris accumulated here is not transmitted upward due to the vortex, affecting the collection of the debris. The closer the distance, the lower the rotation speed, so that the accumulated debris is not re-dispersed, affecting the subsequent discharge efficiency. When the scraper 403 continues to descend and reaches the second threshold, under the action of the magnetic repulsion force, the second magnet moves downward to the bottom, thereby pushing the annular plate 6 down and gradually opening the drain hole 3. At this time, the pressure at the lower end of the pump barrel 1 is relatively strong. Under the action of the pressure, the sand and part of the oil gathered here can be effectively discharged quickly. At the same time, due to the closure of the sand filter mechanism below, the small sand gathered here can also be discharged under the drainage of the drain hole 3, so that the sand concentration here is too high and affects the overall transmission efficiency. Under the action of the sucker rod column 208, the plunger 2 moves upward again, the sand filter mechanism is opened, and new oil below re-enters.

[0051] Third embodiment

[0052] This embodiment discloses a sand filtering method for an oil well pump, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Connect the pump barrel 1 with the external oil pipe, lower the whole pump barrel to the designed depth, connect the plunger 2 with the sucker rod string 208, and lower the plunger 2 with the sucker rod string 208 to the bottom of the pump barrel 1, and reserve the anti-collision distance as required;

[0054] S2, filter most of the sand through the sand filter mechanism to prevent too much sand from entering the pump barrel 1, which will affect the purity of the oil and cause blockage;

[0055] S3, the plunger 2 can make the scraper 403 rotate during the sinking process, so that the debris attached to the inside can be cleaned and separated. At the same time, when the scraper 403 rotates, it can change the flow mode of the oil, making it rotate and speeding up the transmission efficiency of the oil;

[0056] S4. The first magnet and the second magnet can change the position of the annular plate 6 at an appropriate time to open the drain hole 3. At this time, the internal pressure is relatively high. Under the action of pressure, the debris accumulated below can be discharged to avoid blockage caused by excessive accumulation.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A well pump, comprising a pump barrel (1), a plunger (2) and a sand filter mechanism, characterized in that: The pump barrel (1) comprises an upper tube (101), a lower tube (102) and a sleeve (103); a sewage discharge hole (3) is provided on the inner wall of the lower tube (102), and the sewage discharge hole (3) passes through the sleeve (103); The plunger (2) is arranged inside the upper tube (101), and a cleaning assembly (4) is provided at the lower end of the plunger (2), wherein the cleaning assembly (4) comprises a positioning frame (401), and a rotating column (402) is rotatably connected at the axis of the positioning frame (401), and a plurality of scrapers (403) are obliquely provided on the outer surface of the rotating column (402), and a first magnet is provided on the bottom surface of each scraper (403); The sand filtering mechanism is arranged inside the lower tube (102); a circular groove (5) is provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sand filtering mechanism; a circular plate (6) is slidably connected inside the circular groove (5); the cross section of the circular plate (6) is in the shape of a letter "7"; a second magnet is provided on the upper surface of the circular plate (6); the second magnet and the first magnet repel each other magnetically; and a first spring is provided between the circular plate (6) and the circular groove (5).

2. The oil well pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the upper tube (101) is sleeved inside the sleeve (103), the upper end of the lower tube (102) is sleeved inside the sleeve (103), and a sealing ring is provided between the upper tube (101) and the lower tube (102), and the three are in close contact.

3. The oil well pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (2) comprises a transport tube (201), a liquid inlet tube (202) is provided at the lower end of the transport tube (201), a first valve (203) is placed at the upper end of the liquid inlet tube (202), and the outer surface of the first valve (203) is in contact with the inner wall of the liquid inlet tube (202), and the inner diameter of the transport tube (201) is greater than the diameter of the first valve (203).

4. The oil well pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid outlet pipe (204) is provided at the upper end of the transport pipe (201), a first through hole (205) is provided at the lower end of the liquid outlet pipe (204), a second valve (206) is placed inside the first through hole (205), and the outer surface of the second valve (206) is in contact with the inner wall of the first through hole (205), the diameter of the second valve (206) is smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe (204), a plurality of first through grooves (207) are provided on the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe (204), and the cross section of the first through grooves (207) is in the shape of a letter "7", and a sucker rod column (208) is provided at the axis of the upper surface of the liquid outlet pipe (204).

5. A sand filtering mechanism, which is used for the oil pump as described in claims 1-4, and the sand filtering mechanism comprises a mounting cylinder (7), wherein a second through hole (8) is provided inside the mounting cylinder (7), and the inner diameter of the second through hole (8) gradually increases from bottom to top, and a cover plate (9) is provided at the upper end of the second through hole (8), and a plurality of second through grooves (10) are provided on the upper surface of the cover plate (9), and a filter net (11) is provided inside each second through groove (10).

6. The sand filtering mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing block (12) is slidably connected inside the second through hole (8), a plurality of fan blades (15) are provided on the outer surface of the sealing block (12), a blind hole (13) is provided at the axis center of the upper surface of the sealing block (12), a support rod (14) is provided inside the blind hole (13), and the upper end of the support rod (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cover plate (9).

7. The sand filtering mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slide groove (16) is provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sealing block (12), a frosted plate (17) is provided inside the slide groove (16), a second spring is provided between the bottom surface of the frosted plate (17) and the bottom wall of the slide groove (16), an air inlet hole (18) is provided on the bottom surface of the slide groove (16), and the other end of the air inlet hole (18) is connected to the blind hole (13).

8. A sand filtering method for an oil well pump as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Connect the pump barrel (1) with the external oil pipe, lower the whole pump barrel to the designed depth, connect the plunger (2) with the sucker rod string (208), and lower the plunger (2) with the sucker rod string (208) to the bottom of the pump barrel (1), and reserve an anti-collision distance as required; S2. Most of the sand is filtered out through the sand filter mechanism to prevent excessive sand from entering the pump barrel (1), which will affect the purity of the oil and cause blockage; S3, the plunger (2) can be used to rotate the scraper (403) during the sinking process, so that the debris attached to the inside can be cleaned and separated. At the same time, when the scraper (403) rotates, the flow mode of the oil can be changed, so that it rotates and the transmission efficiency of the oil is accelerated; S4. The first magnet and the second magnet can change the position of the annular plate (6) at an appropriate time to open the drainage hole (3). At this time, the internal pressure is relatively high. Under the action of pressure, the debris accumulated below can be discharged to avoid blockage caused by excessive accumulation.

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