Buffering friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects with different diameters and control method of buffering friction braking device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of impact tests, and discloses a buffer friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects with different diameters, which comprises a gas high-pressure chamber and a guide cylinder hermetically connected with the gas high-pressure chamber, and a quick-response pressure relief device is arranged at one end, connected with the guide cylinder, of the gas high-pressure chamber. The accelerated object is arranged on the side, away from the gas high-pressure chamber, of the quick response pressure relief device, the guide cylinder is provided with a braking device, the braking device comprises a friction sleeve movably arranged in the guide cylinder, and a buffering energy absorption structure is arranged in the friction sleeve; and the brake friction sleeve is fixed at the tail end of the guide cylinder, and a brake friction plate is arranged in the brake friction sleeve. The invention further provides a control method, the device and the method are simple in structure, meanwhile, the cost is reduced, and the safety performance and the stability performance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing, and in particular relates to a buffer friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects with different diameters and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In many industrial and military application fields today, the need for precise control and safe braking of high-speed moving objects of different diameters is often involved. For example, in the development process of ammunition guidance components, flight tests are very expensive and difficult to recover, so ground ejection tests play a vital role. It can accurately identify and eliminate various defects hidden in component design, effectively ensure that all indicators of components at the technical and tactical levels meet the established requirements, and is one of the key measures to promote ammunition to achieve good adaptability and high reliability. In this process, a specially designed device is required to ensure that the test object can be safely and intactly recovered after the test, so as to check whether the data acquisition function of the guidance device is operating normally and whether the overall structure of the ammunition is damaged, and then effectively verify whether the electronic components in the test object have the necessary safety, reliability and adaptability in a high overload launch environment. However, traditional braking devices are often designed only for specific sizes and working conditions. At the same time, there are also problems such as low braking speed and energy level, unstable braking effect, poor versatility, and inability to effectively solve the energy absorption and conversion of high-speed and high-energy moving objects during braking, which makes it difficult to meet extreme and diverse needs. Therefore, the development of an efficient buffering friction braking device that can be suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters has extremely important practical significance and urgent application needs, aiming to fill this technological gap, improve the safety, reliability and precise control capabilities of test operations in related fields, and promote the further development of industrial and military technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a buffer friction brake device and a control method thereof that can be safely and stably applied to high-speed moving objects of different diameters. In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: A buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters, comprising a gas high-pressure chamber and a guide cylinder sealed and connected to the gas high-pressure chamber, a fast-response pressure relief device is provided at one end of the gas high-pressure chamber connected to the guide cylinder, an accelerated object is arranged on a side of the fast-response pressure relief device away from the gas high-pressure chamber, and a brake device is provided on the guide cylinder, the brake device comprising: A friction sleeve movably arranged in the guide cylinder, wherein a buffer energy absorption structure is arranged in the friction sleeve; A brake friction sleeve is fixed at the end of the guide cylinder, and a brake friction plate is arranged in the brake friction sleeve.

[0004] In one embodiment, a braking buffer energy absorption structure is provided in the braking friction sleeve.

[0005] In one embodiment, the buffer energy absorption structure and the brake buffer energy absorption structure are both honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

[0006] In one embodiment, the friction sleeve includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are arranged in an annular manner, a friction plate is fixed on the outer cylinder, and the buffer energy absorption structure is arranged inside the outer cylinder.

[0007] In one embodiment, a rigid shell is sleeved inside the outer cylinder to adjust the inner diameter of the outer cylinder.

[0008] In one embodiment, the brake friction sleeve includes a brake outer cylinder and a brake inner cylinder, and the brake friction pad is arranged on the inner wall of the brake outer cylinder and the outer wall of the brake inner cylinder.

[0009] In one embodiment, there are multiple brake inner cylinders and multiple brake outer cylinders, and the multiple brake inner cylinders and the brake outer cylinders are plugged into each other.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fast response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and a prefabricated groove is arranged on the pressure relief diaphragm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the gas high pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase change CO2 gas.

[0012] Based on the same inventive concept, a control method for the buffer friction brake device applicable to high-speed moving objects with different diameters as described above is also provided, comprising: Pre-filling the gas high pressure chamber with high pressure gas; The control system provides signal excitation; The gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open. The high-pressure gas rushes out and pushes the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve, and after being decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure, the accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration, and then stops.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is applicable to the buffer friction brake device for high-speed moving objects of different diameters. The high-pressure gas in the gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and when the limit pressure is reached, the fast response pressure relief device breaks open, and the high-pressure gas rushes out to push the accelerated object to accelerate in the guide cylinder. After being buffered and decelerated by the friction sleeve, it moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve, moves in the braking section of the guide cylinder, and enters the braking friction sleeve. The friction sleeve and the braking friction sleeve produce relative sliding, and the deceleration effect is provided by the dynamic friction force. When the dynamic friction force is relatively stable, the same stable reverse acceleration can be provided. The relative sliding length of the friction sleeve and the braking friction sleeve can be designed according to the required braking time, that is, the appropriate braking distance can be designed according to the needs. This method uses dynamic friction to provide high-amplitude reverse acceleration for braking. When designing, the friction sleeve and the braking friction sleeve can be ensured to maintain a stable friction coefficient under different working conditions by selecting appropriate materials and surface treatment technologies, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the braking process. In addition, by precisely controlling the thickness, hardness and friction coefficient of the friction plate, the braking effect can be further optimized to ensure that the energy conversion efficiency during braking is maximized and energy loss is reduced. In practical applications, the friction plate can also be customized according to the characteristics of the braking object to adapt to different working environments and braking requirements. Compared with the method of directly using buffer materials or multi-stage energy absorption structures for braking, this method does not need to consider the platform stress changes of the impact force transmission structure and perform special designs of gradient density or variable cross-sectional area. This makes the device simpler in design and manufacturing, while reducing costs and improving safety and stability performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a buffer friction brake device applicable to high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to one embodiment; Figure 2 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0019] See also Figure 1-2 , a buffering friction braking device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters, comprising a gas high-pressure chamber 1 and a guide cylinder 3 sealed and connected to the gas high-pressure chamber 1, a fast-response pressure relief device 2 is provided at one end of the gas high-pressure chamber 1 connected to the guide cylinder 3, an accelerated object 4 is arranged on the side of the fast-response pressure relief device 2 away from the gas high-pressure chamber 1, and the guide cylinder 3 is provided with a braking device, the braking device comprising: a friction sleeve 7 movably arranged in the guide cylinder 3, and a buffering energy absorption structure 6 is arranged in the friction sleeve 7. The braking device also includes a braking friction sleeve 9 fixed at the end of the guide cylinder 3, and a braking friction pad 10 is arranged in the braking friction sleeve 9. A braking buffering energy absorption structure 11 is arranged in the braking friction sleeve 9. Specifically, in one embodiment, the fast-response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and a prefabricated groove is arranged on the pressure relief diaphragm. In one embodiment, the gas high-pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase change CO2 gas. Preferably, in one embodiment, the buffering energy absorbing structure 6 and the braking buffering energy absorbing structure 10 are both honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures. The buffering energy absorbing structure 6 is used for buffering energy absorption and deceleration when the accelerated object 4 enters the friction sleeve 7 and hits the buffering energy absorbing structure 6. The braking buffering energy absorbing structure 10 is used for buffering energy absorption and deceleration when the friction sleeve 7 and the accelerated object 4 enter the braking friction sleeve 9 together and hit the braking buffering energy absorbing structure 10.

[0020] In one embodiment, the friction sleeve 7 includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in an annular manner, a friction plate 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and a buffering energy absorption structure 6 is arranged inside the outer cylinder. The material and design can be selected according to the required friction force, and the friction plate 5 is fixed to the outer cylinder by bonding, bolting, snapping, etc. to provide buffering friction force when the accelerated object hits the friction sleeve 7. Preferably, a rigid shell is sleeved inside the outer cylinder to adjust the inner diameter of the outer cylinder. The inner diameter of the outer cylinder can also be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the friction plate 5. Thus, it is suitable for braking high-speed moving objects of different diameters. This method can well solve the problem that the accelerated object 4 is small in overall volume and the friction sleeve 7 cannot effectively capture the accelerated object 4. At the same time, the use of a jacket structure instead of the friction of the high-speed moving object body can also avoid excessive wear of the accelerated object protection cabin and increase the service life of the test object protection cabin.

[0021] Specifically, in one embodiment, the brake friction sleeve 9 includes a brake outer sleeve and a brake inner sleeve, and the brake friction pad 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the brake outer sleeve and the outer wall of the brake inner sleeve. Preferably, the brake inner sleeve and the brake outer sleeve are both multiple, and during braking, the friction pads between the inner sleeve of the friction sleeve and the multiple brake inner sleeves and outer sleeves are plugged into each other to generate friction braking. The friction pad 5 and the brake friction pad 10 can ensure that the friction sleeve and the brake friction sleeve maintain a stable friction coefficient under different working conditions by selecting appropriate materials and surface treatment technologies, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the braking process. In addition, by accurately controlling the thickness and hardness of the friction pad, the braking effect can be further optimized, ensuring that the energy conversion efficiency during the braking process is maximized and energy loss is reduced. Specifically, according to the braking working conditions, the materials of the friction pad 5 and the brake friction pad 10 can be: asbestos, high-hardness rubber, copper-based friction pad, fiber-reinforced friction pad, etc.

[0022] The brake friction sleeve 9 provides stable friction force for braking through friction. During the friction process, the preset compression amount and unit area pressure The positive pressure on the inner surface of the friction sleeve 7 is formed according to the dynamic friction coefficient μ s , and the friction force is , S is the contact area of ​​the friction plate. According to the inner wall radius r1 and outer wall radius r2 of the brake inner cylinder and the length l of the friction plate, we can get In addition, a multi-ring inserted friction structure can be designed to achieve higher friction and overload values. In this case, the friction calculation should be .

[0023] The analysis of the accelerated object 4 entering the friction sleeve 7 after the acceleration is completed and reaching the same speed as the friction sleeve 7, and then entering the braking friction sleeve 9 together and finally braking can be carried out by the following formula:

[0024] Where m0 is the mass of the accelerated object 4, v0 is the initial velocity of the accelerated object 4 before it enters the friction sleeve 7, and E p E is the ability of the energy-absorbing structure 6 to absorb energy during the crushing process. f1 is the energy absorbed by the friction of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, E d1 is the total kinetic energy of the accelerated object 4 and the friction sleeve 7 after they reach the same speed, E f2 is the energy absorbed by the friction of the friction plate of the brake friction sleeve 9, m1 is the total mass of (5) + (6) + (7), F p is the crushing force of the buffer energy absorbing structure 6, x0 is the compression amount of the buffer energy absorbing structure 6, F f1is the friction force of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, d1 is the length of the friction plate of the outer tube of the friction sleeve 7, v1 is the speed of the accelerated object 4 and the friction sleeve 7 after the same speed, F f2 is the friction force of the braking friction sleeve 9, and d2 is the friction braking distance of the braking friction sleeve 9. In addition, it is assumed that the crushing force F of the buffer energy absorption structure 6 during the crushing process is p is relatively stable, then according to the theorem of conservation of momentum, that is, , the minimum compression required for the buffer energy absorption structure 6 is calculated by the following formula:

[0025] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for the buffer friction brake device applicable to high-speed moving objects with different diameters as described above, comprising: S10, pre-charging the gas high pressure chamber with high pressure gas; S20, the control system provides a signal excitation; S30, the gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat and increases temperature and pressure, the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open, and the high-pressure gas rushes out to push the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve, and after being decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure, the accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration, and then stops.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is applicable to the buffer friction brake device for high-speed moving objects of different diameters. The high-pressure gas in the gas high-pressure chamber 1 absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and when the limit pressure is reached, the quick response pressure relief device 2 is broken, and the high-pressure gas rushes out to push the accelerated object 4 to accelerate in the guide cylinder 3. After being buffered and decelerated by the friction sleeve 7, it moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve 7, moves in the guide cylinder braking section 8, and enters the braking friction sleeve 9. The friction sleeve 7 and the braking friction sleeve 9 produce relative sliding, and the deceleration effect is provided by the dynamic friction force. When the dynamic friction force is relatively stable, the same stable reverse acceleration can be provided. The relative sliding length of the friction sleeve and the braking friction sleeve can be designed according to the required braking time, that is, the appropriate braking distance can be designed according to the needs. This method uses dynamic friction to provide high-amplitude reverse acceleration for braking. In the design, the friction sleeve and the braking friction sleeve can be ensured to maintain a stable friction coefficient under different working conditions by selecting appropriate materials and surface treatment technologies, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the braking process. In addition, by precisely controlling the thickness, hardness and friction coefficient of the friction plate, the braking effect can be further optimized to ensure that the energy conversion efficiency during braking is maximized and energy loss is reduced. In practical applications, the friction plate can also be customized according to the characteristics of the braking object to adapt to different working environments and braking requirements. Compared with the method of directly using buffer materials or multi-stage energy absorption structures for braking, this method does not need to consider the platform stress changes of the impact force transmission structure and perform special designs of gradient density or variable cross-sectional area. This makes the device simpler in design and manufacturing, while reducing costs and improving safety and stability performance.

Claims

1. A buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gas high-pressure chamber and a guide cylinder sealedly connected to the gas high-pressure chamber, a fast-response pressure relief device is provided at one end of the gas high-pressure chamber connected to the guide cylinder, an accelerated object is arranged at a side of the fast-response pressure relief device away from the gas high-pressure chamber, the guide cylinder comprises a guide cylinder braking section, a braking device is provided at the guide cylinder braking section, and the braking device comprises: A friction sleeve movably arranged in the guide cylinder, wherein a buffer energy absorption structure is arranged in the friction sleeve; A brake friction sleeve is fixed at the end of the brake section of the guide cylinder, and a brake friction plate is arranged in the brake friction sleeve.

2. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A braking buffering energy absorbing structure is arranged inside the braking friction sleeve.

3. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer energy absorption structure and the brake buffer energy absorption structure are both honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

4. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction sleeve comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve which are arranged in an annular shape. A friction plate is fixed in the outer sleeve, and the buffer energy absorption structure is arranged inside the outer sleeve.

5. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer cylinder is sleeved with a rigid shell for adjusting the inner diameter of the outer cylinder.

6. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake friction sleeve comprises a brake outer cylinder and a brake inner cylinder, and the brake friction pad is arranged on the inner wall of the brake outer cylinder and the outer wall of the brake inner cylinder.

7. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple brake inner cylinders and multiple brake outer cylinders, and the multiple brake inner cylinders and brake outer cylinders are plugged into each other.

8. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fast response pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm, and a prefabricated groove is arranged on the pressure relief diaphragm.

9. The buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas high pressure chamber is pre-filled with supercritical phase change CO2 gas.

10. A control method for a buffer friction brake device suitable for high-speed moving objects of different diameters according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Pre-filling the gas high pressure chamber with high pressure gas; The control system provides signal excitation; The gas high-pressure chamber absorbs heat, increases temperature and pressure, and the fast-response pressure relief device breaks open. The high-pressure gas rushes out and pushes the accelerated object to accelerate. The accelerated object hits the friction sleeve, and after being decelerated by the buffer energy-absorbing structure, the accelerated object moves at the same speed as the friction sleeve and enters the brake friction sleeve for braking and deceleration, and then stops.

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