A tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method, wherein the monitoring system includes a housing, a base, multiple sets of magnets, and a controller. The multiple sets of magnets are connected to one end of the base and inserted into the tool, and the other end of the base is connected to the housing. A Hall sensor is also provided in the base, and the Hall sensor is electromagnetically connected to the multiple sets of magnets. When the tool wears, the multiple sets of magnets wear synchronously, so that the total magnetic field strength B detected by the Hall sensor is 总 Changes occur, the controller changes according to the total magnetic field strength B 总 The tool wear amount M is calculated based on the change in tool wear. When the tool wear amount M is close to the preset limit wear amount, it is determined that the tool needs to be shut down for maintenance or replacement, which can effectively avoid the risk of personnel entering the warehouse for maintenance and improve the shield tunneling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tool wear monitoring, and in particular to a tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method. Background Art

[0002] Shield cutters are essential tools in shield tunneling. During tunneling, they wear due to a variety of factors, including the geological environment, cutterhead speed, thrust, and cutterhead torque. Failure to promptly replace cutters not only accelerates wear of surrounding cutters, reducing construction efficiency, but can even damage the cutterhead, impacting construction schedules and costs. Therefore, tool wear monitoring is essential to ensure timely repair or replacement of worn cutters.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used method for calculating tool wear is the shutdown inspection method. This involves personnel entering the pressure chamber to shut down the shield machine for inspection after a certain distance has been excavated or an abnormality has occurred. However, while this method offers high monitoring accuracy, it poses safety risks as workers operate in confined spaces, exposed to high pressure or toxic gases, and frequently opening the chamber to inspect the tools. Furthermore, frequent inspections can extend construction timelines and increase costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system and method that can monitor the wear of tool, so that when the tool wear reaches the limit value or is abnormally damaged, it can be replaced in time to avoid chain damage to other tools. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method. The monitoring system monitors the tool wear in real time through the change of the magnetic induction intensity of the magnet as the tool wears. When the tool wear reaches the set tool limit wear, the tool is replaced in time, thereby solving the technical problem of chain damage to surrounding tools caused by untimely tool replacement in the prior art.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0009] A tool wear monitoring system is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time. The tool is provided with an insertion hole, which extends from the root of the tool to the cutting edge and does not pass through the tool. The monitoring system includes:

[0010] A housing, used for connecting to the root of the tool;

[0011] A base body is arranged in the insertion hole, a first end of which is connected to the shell, a cavity is provided in the base body, and a Hall sensor is provided in the cavity;

[0012] Magnets, wherein a plurality of stacked magnets are placed in the insertion holes, and the bottoms are connected to the second end of the base;

[0013] Multiple sets of magnets are electromagnetically connected to the Hall sensors respectively. Multiple sets of magnets are independent of the Hall sensors. The Hall sensors are used to detect the total magnetic induction intensity generated by multiple sets of magnets at the Hall sensor location. ;

[0014] The controller is electrically connected to the Hall sensor and is used to receive the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor. ;

[0015] When the tool is worn, multiple sets of magnets wear synchronously, and the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor changes, the controller is used to adjust the total magnetic induction intensity Calculate tool wear based on the change in scope;

[0016] The total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Do a comparison to determine the amount of magnet wear ; Among them, the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... It is assumed that after n groups of magnets are worn out one by one from top to bottom, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the remaining magnets at the Hall sensor part is measured by experiments, which corresponds to the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after removing one group of magnets, the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after removing two groups of magnets, and so on;

[0017] According to the amount of magnet wear Calculate the wear of the tool Range to , where d is the thickness of each set of magnets, and D is the distance from the topmost magnet to the tip of the blade;

[0018] There is a viscous connection between two adjacent sets of magnets;

[0019] Any set of magnets includes an N pole and an S pole, and the N poles and S poles of the stacked sets of magnets have the same direction.

[0020] Furthermore, a second connecting member is provided at the second end of the base, and the plurality of groups of magnets are connected to the second connecting member;

[0021] The second connecting member includes a cylinder, a magnetic attraction plate is arranged in the cylinder, multiple groups of magnets are placed in the cylinder, and the bottom is magnetically connected to the magnetic attraction plate.

[0022] Furthermore, a first connecting member is provided at the first end of the base, and the base is connected to the housing via the first connecting member;

[0023] The first connecting member includes:

[0024] A flange is provided at the first end of the base body, and a plurality of through holes are provided at equal intervals along the circumference of the flange;

[0025] The number of the connecting bolts matches the number of the through holes, and the connecting bolts can pass through the through holes and be screwed into the threaded holes of the shell to connect the base and the shell.

[0026] Furthermore, the wire row of the Hall sensor is connected to the information transmission module and the power module in the housing through the wiring terminal, and the power module is used to supply power to the Hall sensor;

[0027] The information module is also electrically connected to the controller and is used to transmit the total magnetic field strength detected by the Hall sensor to the controller;

[0028] Among them, the electrical connector includes:

[0029] The male terminal is provided at the end of the electrical connection line away from the Hall sensor;

[0030] The female end is arranged on the upper end surface of the shell, is electrically connected to the information transmission module and the power module, and is plugged into the male end.

[0031] Furthermore, the output signal of the Hall sensor is a voltage, and a voltmeter, an ammeter and a voltage divider resistor are also provided in the housing;

[0032] The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the Hall sensor to detect the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor. ;

[0033] The ammeter and the voltage divider resistor are connected in series with the Hall sensor to form a detection circuit. The ammeter is used to detect the current in the detection circuit. .

[0034] Furthermore, the controller includes a data processing module and a data discrimination module;

[0035] The data processing module is electrically connected to the information transmission module and is used to receive the terminal voltage transmitted by the information transmission module. and current ;

[0036] The data processing module is also used to , current , Hall sensor thickness and Hall coefficient , according to the formula Calculate the total magnetic induction intensity of multiple sets of magnets after wear ;

[0037] The data identification module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to receive the total magnetic induction intensity transmitted by the data processing module. , and the total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Make a comparison to determine the amount of magnet wear ;

[0038] The data identification module then calculates the amount of magnet wear The data is transmitted to the data processing module, and the data processing module then calculates the amount of magnet wear. Calculate tool wear Range to .

[0039] A tool wear measurement method, based on the tool wear monitoring system, includes the following steps:

[0040] S10: Set the number of magnets stacked in the insertion hole to n groups, and the thickness of each group of magnets to , where the distance from the top magnet to the tip of the blade is ;

[0041] S20: Obtain the total magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after the tool and magnets are worn. ;

[0042] S30: The total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare to determine the total magnetic induction intensity range, and according to the total magnetic induction intensity The range determines the amount of magnet wear ;

[0043] S40: According to the amount of magnet wear ,Thickness of each set of magnets And the distance from the top magnet to the tip of the blade , calculate tool wear The range is to .

[0044] Further, step S20: obtaining the total magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after the tool and magnets are worn In the total magnetic induction intensity The calculation method includes the following steps:

[0045] S21: Get the thickness of the Hall sensor. And the Hall coefficient is ;

[0046] S22: The output signal of the Hall sensor is voltage. A voltmeter, an ammeter and a voltage divider resistor are also provided in the housing. The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the Hall sensor to detect the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor. ;

[0047] The ammeter and the voltage divider resistor are connected in series with the Hall sensor to form a detection circuit. The ammeter is used to detect the current in the detection circuit. ;

[0048] Get the current of the detection circuit , the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor , according to the formula , calculate the total magnetic field strength .

[0049] Further, step S30: the total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare to determine the total magnetic induction intensity range, and according to the total magnetic induction intensity The range determines the amount of magnet wear middle, 、 、....... Measured in the laboratory, the test method includes the following steps:

[0050] S31, remove the top set of magnets and calculate the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets according to step S20 ;

[0051] S32, execute step S31 in a loop times, and the corresponding magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Record and store separately.

[0052] (3) Beneficial effects

[0053] The tool wear monitoring system and tool wear measurement method provided by the present invention fill the gap in the prior art.

[0054] The present invention provides a tool wear monitoring system, which has multiple groups of magnets stacked together. The multiple groups of magnets are contact-connected to Hall sensors. The multiple groups of magnets are independent of the Hall sensors, which can effectively avoid the influence of harsh environments such as high pressure, mud and water on the excavation surface on the monitoring circuit of the Hall sensor; the Hall sensor is a magnetic induction intensity detector, which is used to detect the total magnetic induction intensity of multiple groups of magnets in real time.

[0055] The present invention places multiple sets of magnets in the insertion holes of the tool. The multiple sets of magnets wear synchronously with the tool, so that the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor changes. The controller changes according to the total magnetic field intensity. Calculate tool wear When the preset limit of wear is reached, the tool should be replaced in time, which can effectively avoid chain damage to other tools. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the risk of personnel entering the warehouse for maintenance and improve the efficiency of shield tunneling.

[0056] The present invention also provides a tool wear measurement method for the tool wear monitoring system, which can measure the tool wear Range, when tool wear When the range is within the preset limit wear range, the machine will be shut down for maintenance or replacement. Compared with the shutdown maintenance method, the tool wear measurement method of the present invention does not require frequent opening of the warehouse for inspection, thereby shortening the construction period and improving construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application.

[0058] The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute any infringement of this application.

[0059] Improper limitation, in the accompanying drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tool wear monitoring system and the tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the tool wear monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic induction principle of the tool wear monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a structural framework diagram of the tool wear monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the tool wear measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 6 This is a flow chart for calculating the total magnetic induction intensity in the tool wear measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Reference numerals:

[0067] 1. Tool; 2. Housing;

[0068] 3. Base; 31. First end; 32. Second end; 33. Cavity;

[0069] 4. Magnet; 5. Hall sensor; 6. Wire array;

[0070] 7. First connecting member; 71. Flange; 72. Connecting bolt;

[0071] 8. Second connecting member; 81. Cylinder; 82. Magnetic plate;

[0072] 9. Terminal block; 91. Male terminal; 92. Female terminal;

[0073] 10. Information transmission module; 11. Power supply module;

[0074] 12. Information acquisition module; 121. Voltmeter; 122. Amperemeter; 123. Voltage divider resistor;

[0075] 13. Controller; 131. Data processing module; 132. Data identification module.

[0076] 14. Cushion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the preferred embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings. Based on the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a tool wear monitoring system and a tool wear measurement method.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the tool wear monitoring system is used to monitor the wear of the tool 1 in real time, and specifically includes a housing 2 , a base 3 , multiple groups of magnets 4 and a controller 13 .

[0079] Among them, a through hole is provided in the tool 1, and the through hole extends from the root of the tool 1 toward the blade, and does not pass through the tool 1. The shell 2 is connected to the root of the tool 1, and is used to fix the monitoring system on the tool 1. The base 3 is inserted into the insertion hole, and its first end 31 is connected to the shell 2. A cavity 33 is also provided in the base 3, and a Hall sensor 5 is provided in the cavity 33. Multiple groups of magnets 4 are stacked in the insertion hole, and the bottom is connected to the second end 32 of the base 3. The multiple groups of magnets 4 are electromagnetically connected to the Hall sensor 5 respectively, and the Hall sensor 5 is electrically connected to the controller 13. The Hall sensor 5 is used to detect the total magnetic induction intensity generated by the multiple groups of magnets 4 at the Hall sensor 5 position. When the tool 1 is worn, the multiple sets of magnets 4 wear synchronously with the tool 1, and the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor 5 is Changes occur, and the controller 13 changes according to the total magnetic induction intensity. The wear amount of tool 1 is calculated based on the change in the wear amount of tool 1. When the wear amount of tool 1 reaches the preset limit wear amount, the staff is reminded to stop the machine for maintenance or replacement.

[0080] Here, the through hole is a cylindrical cavity, and the corresponding base 3 and magnet 4 are also cylindrical and are coaxially arranged with the through hole. A certain gap is left between the base 3 and the magnet 4 and the through hole to facilitate the installation and removal of the base 3 and the magnet 4.

[0081] Secondly, the through hole is only used to accommodate the base 3 and the magnet 4, so that its volume is smaller. Compared with the resistance monitoring method in which several resistors are placed in the tool body, the volume of the cavity hollowed out in the tool 1 in this embodiment is smaller, and thus does not affect the strength of the tool 11.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring system provided in this embodiment is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. By stacking multiple sets of magnets 4, when the tool 1 is worn, the multiple sets of magnets 4 are worn synchronously from top to bottom. After the wear, the magnetic flux of the magnets 4 passing through the Hall sensor 5 changes, thereby changing the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor 5. The controller 13 calculates the wear amount of the tool 1 based on the change in the total magnetic induction intensity. , so as to realize real-time monitoring of the wear of tool 1.

[0083] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, any group of magnets 4 includes N-level and S-level. The directions of the N-level and S-level of the stacked groups of magnets 4 are consistent, and two adjacent groups of magnets 4 are viscously connected.

[0084] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, by arranging the magnetic pole directions of the multiple sets of magnets 4 in the same manner and utilizing the principle of magnetic field superposition, when any set of the multiple sets of magnets 4 is worn, the magnetic flux passing through the Hall sensor 5 will change, thereby causing the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor 5 to change. changes in order to achieve the purpose of real-time monitoring.

[0085] In some feasible embodiments, the second end 32 of the base 3 is provided with a second connecting member 8, and the plurality of groups of magnets 4 are detachably connected to the second connecting member 8. Here, the detachable connection between the magnets 4 and the second connecting member 8 is intended to facilitate the replacement of the magnets 4, because the magnets 4 are consumables and need to be replaced synchronously with the worn tool 1.

[0086] In one example, the second connecting member 8 is a cylinder 81 with an open upper end, and the cylinder 81 is fixedly connected to the second end 32 of the base 3. A magnetic plate 82 is provided in the cylinder 81. The magnetic plate 82 is magnetic and can be magnetically connected to iron products or magnetic objects. The magnet 4 is placed in the cylinder 81 and is magnetically attracted to the magnetic plate 82. The magnetic connection between the magnet 4 and the magnetic plate 82 facilitates the replacement of the magnet 4, which is convenient and quick. At the same time, the tube wall of the cylinder 81 can also limit the multiple groups of magnets 4 connected by adhesive to prevent the magnets 4 from tipping over when they are worn.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first end 31 of the base 3 is connected to the housing 2 via a first connector 7. The first connector 7 specifically includes a flange 71 and connecting bolts 72. The flange 71 is provided at the first end 31 of the base 3 and has multiple through-holes spaced evenly around the flange 71. The number and size of the connecting bolts 72 match the number and size of the through-holes. The upper end surface of the housing 2 is provided with corresponding threaded holes that match the through-holes. When the base 3 is connected to the housing 2, the connecting bolts 72 pass through the through-holes and screw into the threaded holes of the housing 2 to connect the base 3 to the housing 2.

[0088] Here, the base 3 and the housing 2 are connected in a detachable manner, so as to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the Hall sensor 5 in the base 3 .

[0089] Furthermore, in this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, an information transmission module 10 and a power module 11 are further provided in the housing 2 . The Hall sensor 5 is electrically connected to the power module 11 via a wire bus 6 . The power module 11 is used to supply power to the Hall sensor 5 .

[0090] The Hall sensor 5 is electrically connected to the information transmission module 10 via the wire bus 6 , and the information transmission module 10 is electrically connected to the controller 13 via wireless transmission. The information transmission module 10 is used to transmit the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor 5 to the controller 13 .

[0091] An information acquisition module 10 is further provided in the housing 2 , and the information acquisition module 10 is electrically connected to the Hall sensor 5 and the information transmission module 10 respectively.

[0092] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the information acquisition module 10 includes a voltmeter 121 and an ammeter 122. The voltmeter 121 is connected in parallel with the Hall sensor 5 to detect the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor 5. The ammeter 122, the voltage divider resistor 123 and the Hall sensor 5 are connected in series to form a detection circuit. The ammeter 122 is used to detect the current of the circuit. The information transmission module 10 is used to collect the terminal voltage and current Transmitted to the controller 13.

[0093] The Hall sensor 5 is a magnetic sensor made of semiconductor material in the shape of a rectangular sheet with a thickness of , the Hall coefficient is When it is placed in a magnetic field, that is, in the magnetic field of multiple sets of magnets 4, the magnetic flux lines of multiple sets of magnets 4 pass through the semiconductor, generating induced charges on the semiconductor, forming a potential difference, and its output signal is voltage. The voltage detected by the voltmeter 121 is That is, the induced voltage generated by the Hall sensor 5 in the magnetic field of the multiple sets of magnets 4.

[0094] In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 13 is provided on the shield machine host, and specifically includes a data processing module 131, on which the thickness of the Hall sensor 5 is preset. , Hall coefficient , and the total magnetic field strength The calculation formula The data processing module 131 receives the terminal voltage and current , the total magnetic induction intensity can be calculated size.

[0095] Furthermore, the controller 13 is further provided with a data identification module 132, which is electrically connected to the data processing module 131 and is used to receive the total magnetic induction intensity transmitted by the data processing module 131. The data identification module 132 is preset with multiple magnetic induction intensities 、 、....... ,in 、 、....... They correspond to the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets 4 after removing one set of magnets 4 in sequence. With the pre-stored magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare them respectively to determine the total magnetic induction intensity If the value of the magnetic induction intensity is within the range of two adjacent sets of pre-stored values, it means that the tool 1 has been worn to this point, and the corresponding number of magnets 4 is the number of magnets 4 worn. The data identification module then calculates the amount of wear on the magnet 4 The data is transmitted to the data processing module 131, and the data module is based on the wear amount of the tool 1 Calculation formula , determine the wear of tool 1 The range is to .

[0096] It should be noted here that the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... It is obtained by testing in the laboratory using the tool 1 wear monitoring system and then pre-stored in the data identification module 132.

[0097] During laboratory testing, multiple groups of magnets 4 are stacked together, and the adjacent groups of magnets 4 do not need to be bonded. Then, one group of magnets 4 is manually removed in turn. That is, it is assumed that the removed magnets 4 are completely worn out. The measured magnetic induction intensity is the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... .

[0098] However, in actual operation, the magnet 4 cannot be completely worn out, so the total magnetic induction intensity actually calculated is It should be in the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Between two adjacent values. Therefore, according to the total magnetic induction intensity and magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... The number of magnets 4 worn out after comparison , and then according to the number of magnets 4 worn Calculate tool 1 wear When the actual wear of tool 1 is Should be between to between.

[0099] Finally, the data identification module 132 calculates the wear amount of tool 1 Compare with the preset limit wear of tool 1. If they are close to or the same, the staff will be reminded to stop the machine for inspection or replacement.

[0100] In this embodiment, to facilitate assembly and disassembly, the cable bus 6 is connected to the information transmission module 10, power module 11, and information acquisition module 10 within the housing 2 via wiring terminals 9. The wiring terminals 9 specifically include a male end 91 and a female end 92 (not shown) that plug into each other. The male end 91 is located at the end of the cable bus 6 away from the Hall effect sensor 5, and the female end 92 is located on the upper end surface of the housing 2. The female end 92 is further connected to the information transmission module 10 and power module 11 via a wiring harness. By plugging the male end 91 and female end 92 of the wiring terminals 9 together, the Hall effect sensor 5 is electrically connected to the information transmission module 10, power module 11, and information acquisition module.

[0101] Furthermore, a buffer pad 14 is provided on the end face of the shell 2 close to the tool 1, and a square hole is provided on the buffer pad 14, the size of which is adapted to the female end 92 of the terminal 9. The female end 92 of the terminal 9 is respectively placed in multiple square holes, and the female end 92 at least partially protrudes from the surface of the buffer pad 14.

[0102] Here, the housing 2 and the cutter 1 are connected by bolts. When connected, the cushion 14 is compressed to prevent friction damage between the housing 2 and the cutter 1. At the same time, the cushion 14 also serves as a protective cover for the female end 92 of the terminal 9, preventing the female end 92 from being damaged by collisions and affecting conductivity.

[0103] In the embodiment disclosed herein, since the shell 2 and the base 3 are reusable, the power module 11 is preferably a rechargeable power source, and a charging interface is correspondingly provided on the shell 2. The charging interface is electrically connected to the power module 11 and is used to connect to an external power source to charge the rechargeable power source. When the power of the rechargeable power source is exhausted, the rechargeable power source can be promptly charged through the charging interface to meet the need for reusing the shell 2. Compared with batteries, the monitoring system of this embodiment is placed in the shield machine. When the charging power circuit is insufficient, it can be charged in time without replacement. It has a long service life, can save replacement time, and thus improves monitoring efficiency.

[0104] The above is the specific structure of the tool 1 wear monitoring system of this embodiment. The electromagnetic monitoring method is used to monitor the wear of the tool 1 in real time. By placing multiple sets of magnets 4 in the insertion holes of the tool 1, the magnets 4 wear synchronously with the tool 1. By using the magnetic field superposition principle and the Hall effect principle, the wear of the tool 1 is monitored by monitoring the change in the total magnetic induction intensity of the multiple sets of magnets 4 after wear. .

[0105] Secondly, the monitoring system realizes intelligent and real-time monitoring of the tool 1 by setting the information collection module 10, the information transmission module 10, and the controller 13. When the wear of the tool 1 is detected, When the wear limit is approaching, timely shutdown for maintenance or replacement can avoid wear of other tools 1 due to untimely replacement, thereby ensuring construction efficiency. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the risk of personnel entering the warehouse for maintenance and improve the shield tunneling efficiency.

[0106] Based on the above tool wear monitoring system, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for measuring the wear of a tool 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0107] S10: Set the number of magnets stacked in the insertion hole to The thickness of each magnet is , where the distance from the top magnet to the tip of the blade is ;

[0108] S20: Obtain the total magnetic induction intensity generated by the remaining magnet at the Hall sensor position after the tool and part of the magnet are actually worn. ;

[0109] Among them, the total magnetic induction intensity The calculation process includes the following steps:

[0110] S21: The preset thickness of the Hall sensor is And the Hall coefficient is ;

[0111] S22: Get the current of the detection circuit , the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor , according to the total magnetic field strength The calculation formula , calculate the total magnetic field strength after wear ;

[0112] It should be noted here that the total magnetic field strength The calculation formula It is calculated by the Hall formula Deduced.

[0113] S30: The total magnetic induction intensity Respectively with the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare to determine the total magnetic induction intensity range, and according to the total magnetic induction intensity The range determines the amount of magnet wear ;

[0114] Among them, the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... It is assumed After the magnets are worn out one by one from top to bottom, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the remaining magnets at the Hall sensor position is measured by the test. The test process includes the following steps:

[0115] S31: Remove the top set of magnets and calculate the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets according to step S20 ;

[0116] S32: Execute step S31 in a loop times, and the corresponding magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Record and store separately.

[0117] It is understood that in determining the amount of magnet wear When the total magnetic induction intensity is The preset adjacent magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... range, such as when the total magnetic induction intensity in and If it is within the range, it means that the second set of magnets from top to bottom are worn, then the number of magnet wear is 2.

[0118] S40: Based on the amount of magnet wear , the thickness of each magnet And the distance from the top magnet to the tip of the blade , calculate tool wear The range is to .

[0119] Here, the tool wear is an interval value, because the magnet wear amount determined in step S30 is , it is assumed that the magnets are completely worn out, but the actual situation is that this set of magnets is not completely worn out, so the tool wear in to within the range.

[0120] Based on the above method, the wear of the tool can be calculated Range, when judging, the tool wear The range is compared with the preset limit wear. When the tool wear When the wear is close to or equal to the limit, the tool is deemed to need to be shut down for inspection or replacement. Compared with the shutdown inspection method, this method can effectively avoid the risk of personnel entering the warehouse for inspection and improve the efficiency of shield tunneling.

[0121] The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and they are all covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool wear monitoring system for real-time monitoring of tool wear, characterized in that: The tool is provided with an insertion hole, the insertion hole extending from the root of the tool toward the blade and not penetrating the tool, and the monitoring system includes: A housing, used to be connected to the root of the tool; A base body is disposed in the insertion hole, a first end of which is connected to the housing, a cavity is provided in the base body, and a Hall sensor is provided in the cavity; Magnets, wherein a plurality of stacked groups of magnets are placed in the insertion holes, and the bottoms of the magnets are connected to the second end of the base; Multiple groups of magnets are electromagnetically connected to the Hall sensors respectively. Multiple groups of magnets are independent of the Hall sensors. The Hall sensors are used to detect the total magnetic induction intensity generated by the multiple groups of magnets at the Hall sensors. ; A controller electrically connected to the Hall sensor, configured to receive the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor ; When the tool is worn, multiple sets of magnets wear synchronously, and the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor is changes, the controller is used to adjust the total magnetic induction intensity The tool wear amount is calculated by the change in scope; The total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Do a comparison to determine the amount of magnet wear ; Among them, the magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... It is assumed that after n groups of magnets are worn out one by one from top to bottom, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the remaining magnets at the Hall sensor part is measured by experiments, which corresponds to the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after removing one group of magnets, the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets after removing two groups of magnets, and so on; According to the amount of magnet wear Calculate the wear of the tool Range to , where d is the thickness of each set of magnets, and D is the distance from the topmost magnet to the tip of the blade; Two adjacent groups of magnets are viscously connected; Any group of the magnets includes an N pole and an S pole, and the N poles and the S poles of the stacked groups of magnets are in the same direction.

2. The tool wear monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting piece is provided at the second end of the base, and the plurality of groups of magnets are connected to the second connecting piece; The second connecting member includes a cylinder, a magnetic plate is provided in the cylinder, multiple groups of magnets are placed in the cylinder, and the bottom is magnetically connected to the magnetic plate.

3. The tool wear monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting piece is provided at the first end of the base, and the base is connected to the shell through the first connecting piece; The first connecting member includes: A flange is provided at the first end of the base, and the flange is provided with a plurality of through holes at equal intervals along the circumference; The number of connecting bolts matches the number of the through holes, and the connecting bolts can pass through the through holes and be screwed into the threaded holes of the shell to connect the base to the shell.

4. The tool wear monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire row of the Hall sensor is connected to the information transmission module and the power module in the housing through the wiring terminal, and the power module is used to supply power to the Hall sensor; The information module is also electrically connected to the controller, and is used to transmit the total magnetic induction intensity detected by the Hall sensor to the controller; Wherein, the electrical connector includes: a male end, provided at an end of the electrical connection line away from the Hall sensor; The female end is provided on the upper end surface of the shell, is electrically connected to the information transmission module and the power module, and is plugged into the male end.

5. The tool wear monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output signal of the Hall sensor is voltage, and a voltmeter, an ammeter and a voltage divider resistor are also provided in the housing; The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the Hall sensor to detect the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor. ; The ammeter and the voltage divider resistor are connected in series with the Hall sensor to form a detection circuit. The ammeter is used to detect the current in the detection circuit. .

6. The tool wear monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller includes a data processing module and a data discrimination module; The data processing module is electrically connected to the information transmission module and is used to receive the terminal voltage transmitted by the information transmission module. And the current ; The data processing module is further configured to process the terminal voltage , the current , the thickness of the Hall sensor and Hall coefficient , according to the formula Calculate the total magnetic induction intensity of multiple groups of magnets after wear ; The data identification module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to receive the total magnetic induction intensity transmitted by the data processing module. , and the total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Do a comparison to determine the amount of magnet wear ; The data identification module then calculates the amount of magnet wear The data is transmitted to the data processing module, and the data processing module is then processed according to the amount of magnet wear. Calculate the wear of the tool Range to .

7. A method for measuring tool wear, based on the tool wear monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S10: Set the number of magnets stacked in the insertion hole to n groups, and the thickness of each group of magnets is , where the distance from the topmost magnet to the tip of the blade is ; S20: Obtaining the total magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnet after the tool and the magnet are worn ; S30: The total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare to determine the total magnetic induction intensity range, and according to the total magnetic induction intensity The range determines the magnet wear quantity ; S40: According to the amount of magnet wear , the thickness of each group of magnets and the distance from the top magnet to the blade tip , calculate tool wear The range is to .

8. The tool wear measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S20: Obtaining the total magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnet after the tool and the magnet are worn The total magnetic induction intensity The calculation method includes the following steps: S21: Get the thickness of the Hall sensor. And the Hall coefficient is ; S22: The output signal of the Hall sensor is a voltage. A voltmeter, an ammeter, and a voltage divider resistor are further provided in the housing. The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the Hall sensor to detect the terminal voltage U of the Hall sensor. The ammeter, the voltage divider resistor, and the Hall sensor are connected in series to form a detection circuit. The ammeter is used to detect the current I of the detection circuit. Get the current of the detection circuit , the terminal voltage of the Hall sensor , according to the formula , calculate the total magnetic induction intensity .

9. The tool wear measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S30: the total magnetic induction intensity With the preset magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Compare to determine the total magnetic induction intensity range, and according to the total magnetic induction intensity The range determines the magnet wear quantity In 、 、....... Measured in the laboratory, the test method includes the following steps: S31, remove the top set of magnets, and calculate the magnetic induction intensity of the remaining magnets according to step S20 ; S32, execute step S31 cyclically times, and the corresponding magnetic induction intensity 、 、....... Record and store separately.

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