Shield tunnel test device

Abstract

The application discloses a shield tunnel test device and relates to the technical field of shield tunnels. The shield tunnel test device comprises a model box, a first driving element, a shield machine assembly and a plurality of segments. The model box comprises a box body, the shield machine assembly comprises a shield machine and a second driving element, the orthographic projection of the shield machine and the orthographic projection of the box body partially coincide in a first direction, and the segments are arc-shaped and adapted to the tunnel. By making the orthographic projection of the shield machine in the first direction partially coincide with the orthographic projection of the box body in the first direction, the shield machine can excavate a tunnel with a half-circular cross section on the side of the box body, the volume of the box body and the area of the shield tunnel test device on the ground can be reduced, the test cost can be saved, and by assembling the segments in the shield machine, the real-time segment assembling process during the tunnel excavation of the shield machine can be simulated, the reduction degree of the test is improved, and the accuracy and authenticity of the achievement data in the shield tunnel simulation excavation process are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield tunneling, and particularly relates to a shield tunneling test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, the model box for simulating the excavation of a shield tunnel is large in size, occupies a large area, and is high in cost, and it is difficult to simulate the real-time assembly of segments during the excavation of a shield tunnel, so the simulation test has low fidelity and it is difficult to obtain accurate and true data of the simulation test of the excavation of a shield tunnel. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the present application is to provide a shield tunneling test device which can simulate the real-time assembly of segments during the excavation of a shield tunnel, so as to improve the fidelity of the test and facilitate the improvement of the accuracy and truth of the data of the simulation test of the excavation of a shield tunnel.

[0004] The shield tunneling test device according to the present application comprises a model box, the model box comprising a box body which defines a receiving space, the receiving space being filled with a test soil body; a first driving member and a shield machine assembly, the first driving member being in driving connection with the shield machine assembly, the shield machine assembly comprising a shield machine and a second driving member, the second driving member being in driving connection with the shield machine, the first driving member being configured to drive the shield machine assembly to move in a first direction, the second driving member being configured to drive the shield machine to work to excavate a tunnel in the test soil body, the shield machine being located at one side of the box body in a second direction, and the orthographic projection of the shield machine being partially coincident with the orthographic projection of the box body in the first direction, so that the cross section of the tunnel excavated by the shield machine is partially circular; and a plurality of segments, the segments being arc-shaped and being adapted to the tunnel, the plurality of segments being connected in sequence, and a preset number of segments being attached to the wall surface of the tunnel after the shield machine excavates the tunnel by a preset distance.

[0005] The shield tunneling test device according to the present application can make the orthographic projection of the shield machine in the first direction partially coincide with the orthographic projection of the box body in the first direction, so that the shield machine can excavate a tunnel with a partially circular cross section at the side of the box body, the volume of the box body and the area occupied by the shield tunneling test device on the ground can be reduced, the test cost can be saved, and the real-time assembly of segments during the excavation of a shield tunnel can be simulated by assembling the segments in the shield machine, so as to improve the fidelity of the test and facilitate the improvement of the accuracy and truth of the data of the simulation test of the excavation of a shield tunnel.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the model box further comprises a first cover, a second cover and a plurality of blocking strips, the first cover and the second cover are used to cover two sides of the tunnel respectively and are detachably connected with the box body along the first direction, and the plurality of blocking strips are arranged in sequence along the first direction and are detachably connected with the box body, and along the second direction, the plurality of blocking strips are located on the side of the tunneling shield and are used to cover the tunnel.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the shield tunnel test device further comprises a first mounting member, a lead screw and a connecting sleeve, the first mounting member is arranged on the model box, the first driving member is arranged on the model box and / or the first mounting member, the lead screw is rotatably arranged on the first mounting member and is in transmission connection with the first driving member, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw and is in screw connection with the lead screw, and the tunneling shield assembly is connected with the connecting sleeve.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the shield tunnel test device further comprises a plurality of guide rails and a second mounting member, the plurality of guide rails are arranged on the first mounting member and extend along the first direction, the second mounting member is in sliding connection with the guide rails and is fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve, and the tunneling shield assembly is arranged on the second mounting member.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the shield tunnel test device further comprises a transmission assembly, the tunneling shield comprises a tunneling shield body and a cutter head, the cutter head is arranged on the tunneling shield body, and the transmission assembly is in transmission connection between the second driving member and the cutter head.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the transmission assembly comprises a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a first gear and a second gear, the second driving member is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft, the first gear is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft and is in meshing connection with the second gear, the second gear is in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the cutter head, and the axis of the first transmission shaft and the axis of the second transmission shaft have an included angle.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the tunneling shield further comprises a plurality of partition plates, the tunneling shield body defines a cabin, the plurality of partition plates are arranged in the cabin to divide the cabin into a plurality of sub-cabins, the plurality of sub-cabins comprise a soil cabin, an equipment cabin and an assembling cabin arranged in sequence along the first direction, the cutter head is located at one end of the soil cabin away from the equipment cabin, the side wall of the soil cabin has a soil outlet, part of the structure of the transmission assembly is located in the equipment cabin, and the segment can be spliced in the assembling cabin to be attached to the wall surface of the tunnel during the excavation of the tunneling shield.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the cutter head comprises a disc body, a plurality of banners, a plurality of blades and a plurality of stirrers, the banners are detachably arranged on the disc body, the blades are detachably arranged on the banners, and the plurality of stirrers are arranged on the disc body.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the shield tunnel test device further comprises a pressurizing member, and the model box further comprises a plurality of mounting beams, the pressurizing member is arranged above the test soil body, the mounting beams are detachably connected with the box body and arranged above the box body, and the mounting beams are used for covering the pressurizing member.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the box body has a top communication hole, a bottom communication hole and a communication cavity, the top communication hole and the communication cavity are located at the upper end of the box body, the bottom communication hole is located at the lower end of the box body, the bottom communication hole is in communication between the accommodation space and the outside of the box body, the top communication hole is in communication between the accommodation space and the communication cavity, and the communication cavity is in communication with the outside of the box body.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the segment has a mounting groove, and along the thickness direction of the segment, the bottom wall of the mounting groove has a mounting hole penetrating through the segment.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, along the thickness direction of the segment, both sides of the segment have the mounting groove.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the overlapping part of the front projection of the shield tunneling machine and the front projection of the box body is semicircular, so that the tunnel cross section excavated by the shield tunneling machine is semicircular, and the segment is configured in a semicircular arc shape; the cross section of the cutter head is circular, the cross section of part of the structure of the shield tunneling machine body is circular, and the cross section of another part of the structure of the shield tunneling machine body is semicircular.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description, taken in conjunction with the following drawings, of embodiments of the present application, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a shield tunnel test device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a shield tunnel test device according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a shield machine and a segment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a sectional view at A-A in FIG. 1;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 3 is a sectional view at B-B in FIG. 1;

[0025] Figure 6 is Figure 3 is a sectional view at C-C in FIG. 1;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic view of assembling of a plurality of segments according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a segment according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Reference Signs:

[0029] Model box 1; box body 11; top communication hole 111; communication cavity 112; bottom communication hole 113; test soil body 12; first cover body 13; second cover body 14; baffle 15; mounting beam 16; pressurizing member 17;

[0030] First driving member 2;

[0031] Shield machine assembly 3; shield machine 31; shield machine body 311; cutter head 312; disc body 3121; strip 3122; blade 3123; stirring member 3124; cabin 313; soil cabin 3131; soil outlet 31311; equipment cabin 3132; assembling cabin 3133; second driving member 32;

[0032] Segment 4; mounting groove 41; mounting hole 42;

[0033] First mounting member 51; second mounting member 52;

[0034] Lead screw 6; guide rail 7;

[0035] Transmission assembly 8; first transmission shaft 81; second transmission shaft 82; first gear 83; second gear 84;

[0036] Partition plate 9; first partition plate 91; second partition plate 92;

[0037] Shield tunnel test device 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0039] Reference is made below to Figures 1-8 A shield tunnel test device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A shield tunnel test device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a model box 1, a first driving member 2, a shield machine assembly 3, and a plurality of segments 4. The model box 1 includes a box body 11 defining a receiving space, and the receiving space is filled with a test soil 12. The first driving member 2 is drivingly connected to the shield machine assembly 3. The shield machine assembly 3 includes a shield machine 31 and a second driving member 32 drivingly connected to the shield machine 31. The first driving member 2 is configured to drive the shield machine assembly 3 to move in a first direction. The second driving member 32 is configured to drive the shield machine 31 to work to excavate a tunnel in the test soil 12. The shield machine 31 is located at one side of the box body 11 in a second direction, and a projection of the shield machine 31 overlaps a projection of the box body 11 in the first direction. The shield machine 31 excavates a partially circular cross-section tunnel. The segments 4 are arc-shaped and adapted to the tunnel. The segments 4 are connected in sequence. The shield machine 31 attaches a preset number of segments 4 to a wall of the tunnel after excavating a preset distance of the tunnel.

[0041] The shield tunnel test device 100 can be used to simulate a shield tunnel excavation process. The model box 1 of the shield tunnel test device 100 includes a box body 11 which can be cuboid. The box body 11 defines a receiving space, and the receiving space is filled with a test soil 12 simulating a soil layer. The shield machine assembly 3 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can excavate the test soil 12 to excavate a tunnel.

[0042] As some embodiments of the present application, the box body 11 can be made of a high-strength transparent material. The test personnel can directly observe the changes of the test soil 12 and the tunnel excavation in the box body 11 to collect more accurate test data while meeting the requirement of the box body 11 having sufficient structural strength.

[0043] The first driving member 2 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be a motor, the first driving member 2 is in transmission connection with the shield machine assembly 3, and the first driving member 2 is used to drive the shield machine assembly 3 to move in the first direction, so that the shield machine assembly 3 can excavate the test soil body 12 to simulate the process of excavating a tunnel, and the shield machine assembly 3 includes a shield machine 31 and a second driving member 32, the second driving member 32 can be a motor, the second driving member 32 is in transmission connection with the shield machine 31, and the second driving member 32 is used to drive the shield machine 31 to work, so that the shield machine 31 can excavate the test soil body 12 and excavate a tunnel.

[0044] In the second direction, the shield machine 31 is located at one side of the box body 11, and in the first direction, the orthogonal projection of the shield machine 31 partially overlaps the orthogonal projection of the box body 11, in the process of excavating a tunnel by the shield machine 31, the shield machine 31 can move from one side of the box body 11 to the other side of the box body 11 in the first direction, so as to excavate a tunnel in the box body 11, and the orthogonal projection of the tunnel in the first direction substantially overlaps the orthogonal projection of the shield machine 31 in the first direction, and the tunnel excavated by the shield machine 31 has a partially circular cross section.

[0045] By partially overlapping the orthogonal projection of the shield machine 31 with the orthogonal projection of the box body 11 in the first direction, the shield machine 31 can only excavate a tunnel with a partially circular cross section, so as to reduce the volume of the box body 11, for example, if the excavated tunnel has a semicircular cross section, the volume of the box body 11 can be half of the existing test box, so as to reduce the area occupied by the shield tunnel test device 100 on the ground, and reduce the cost of manufacturing the model box 1, thereby reducing the test cost. Moreover, such an arrangement can facilitate the observation of the process of excavating a tunnel by the shield machine 31 by the test personnel, and improve the controllability of the process of excavating a tunnel by the shield machine 31.

[0046] The segments 4 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be multiple, and the multiple segments 4 can be connected in sequence, when the shield machine 31 completely enters the box body 11 in the first direction, the segments 4 are assembled in the shield machine 31, after the shield machine 31 excavates a tunnel with a preset distance, a preset number of segments 4 are attached to the shield machine 31, and adjacent segments 4 are fixedly connected, when the shield machine 31 excavates forward in the first direction, the assembled segments 4 are detached from the shield machine 31 (i.e., attached to the wall surface of the tunnel), and the segments 4 detached from the shield machine 31 can bear the pressure of the soil body around the tunnel wall surface, so as to simulate the process of assembling the segments 4 in real time when the shield machine 31 excavates a tunnel.

[0047] In the above embodiment, by making the front projection of the shield machine 31 along the first direction partially coincide with the front projection of the box body 11 along the first direction, the shield machine 31 can excavate a tunnel with a partially circular cross section on the side of the box body 11, so as to reduce the volume of the box body 11 and the area occupied by the shield tunnel test device 100 on the ground, thereby saving test costs. Moreover, by assembling the pipe segments 4 in the shield machine 31, the real-time process of assembling the pipe segments 4 when the shield machine 31 excavates a tunnel can be simulated, so as to improve the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process and improve the accuracy and authenticity of the achievement data of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The model box 1 further comprises a first cover 13, a second cover 14, and a plurality of blocking strips 15. The first cover 13 and the second cover 14 are respectively used to cover both sides of the tunnel along the first direction and are detachably connected to the box body 11. The plurality of blocking strips 15 are detachably connected to the box body 11 and are arranged in sequence along the first direction. Along the second direction, the plurality of blocking strips 15 are located on the side of the shield machine 31 and are used to cover the tunnel.

[0049] The tunnel to be excavated in the model box 1 has an inlet end and an outlet end. The first cover 13 and the second cover 14 of the model box 1 are respectively used to cover the inlet end and the outlet end of the tunnel. The first cover 13 and the second cover 14 are detachably connected to the box body 11. The plurality of blocking strips 15 of the model box 1 are arranged in sequence along the first direction. Along the second direction, the plurality of blocking strips 15 are located on the side of the shield machine 31 and are used to cover the tunnel. The plurality of blocking strips 15 are detachably connected to the model box 1.

[0050] Before simulating the excavation of the tunnel, the first cover 13, the second cover 14, and the plurality of blocking strips 15 are connected to the box body 11 to cover the test soil 12 to be excavated. When the test soil 12 is filled into the receiving space layer by layer and is consolidated, the first cover 13, the second cover 14, and the plurality of blocking strips 15 can bear the pressure of the test soil 12 and can prevent the test soil 12 from being discharged from the first cover 13, the second cover 14, and the plurality of blocking strips 15 to the box body 11, so that the filling process and the consolidation process can be smoothly performed.

[0051] When the tunnel needs to be excavated, the first cover 13 and at least one blocking strip 15 can be disassembled so that the shield machine 31 can excavate the test soil body 12, after the shield machine 31 completely excavates the test soil body 12 in the first direction, the first cover 13 is installed to the position before disassembly, after the shield machine 31 excavates the tunnel in the first direction by a preset distance, a preset number of blocking strips 15 which are not disassembled are disassembled so that the shield machine 31 can continue to excavate the test soil body 12, and after the segment 4 is installed, the previously disassembled blocking strip 15 is installed to the position before disassembly, when the shield machine 31 is about to excavate to the exit end of the tunnel, the second cover 14 can be disassembled so that the shield machine 31 can continue to excavate the test soil body 12 in the first direction and finally move out of the box body 11, and then all the blocking strips 15 and the second cover 14 are installed to the position before disassembly.

[0052] In the above embodiment, by arranging the first cover 13, the second cover 14 and the plurality of blocking strips 15 which are disassemblably connected with the model box 1, the first cover 13, the second cover 14 and the plurality of blocking strips 15 can be flexibly disassembled before and after the test according to the test needs, the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process can be improved, and the shield tunnel test device 100 can be used multiple times, so that the practicability and reliability of the shield tunnel test device 100 are improved.

[0053] As some embodiments of the present application, the shield tunnel test device 100 further comprises a data acquisition system, the data acquisition system comprises at least one data collector and a corresponding data processor, at least one data collector can be buried in the test soil body 12 during the process of filling the test soil body 12 layer by layer according to the test needs, the data collector includes but is not limited to a pore water pressure gauge, a fiber optic sensor, a displacement meter, a soil pressure cell and the like, the data collector recording the parameters of the shield machine 31 is installed on the shield machine 31 for collecting data including the rotation speed, torque, thrust force, thrust speed, soil chamber 3131 pressure and the like of the shield machine 31, the data collector is electrically connected with the data processor, the data collector can collect corresponding test data and transmit the test data to the data processor, and the test data can be exported on the computer terminal of the external device, the test data can be used for subsequent analysis and research to provide reference data for the design and construction of the shield tunnel, and the design and construction of the shield tunnel can be scientifically guided through data analysis.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shield tunnel test device 100 further comprises a first mounting member 51, a lead screw 6 and a connecting sleeve, the first mounting member 51 is arranged in the model box 1, the first driving member 2 is arranged in the model box 1 and / or the first mounting member 51, the lead screw 6 is rotatably arranged in the first mounting member 51 and is in transmission connection with the first driving member 2, the connecting sleeve is sleeved outside the lead screw 6 and is in screw connection with the lead screw 6, and the shield machine assembly 3 is connected with the connecting sleeve.

[0055] The first mounting member 51 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be fixed to the model box 1, the first mounting member 51 can extend along the first direction, the first mounting member 51 can be configured as a long strip plate structure, the lead screw 6 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can extend along the first direction, the lead screw 6 is rotatably arranged on the first mounting member 51, the connecting sleeve of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be sleeved outside the lead screw 6 and screwed with the lead screw 6, the shield machine assembly 3 can be welded or bolted with the connecting sleeve, the shield machine assembly 3 is connected to the lead screw 6 through the connecting sleeve, and the lead screw 6 can drive the shield machine assembly 3 to move along the first direction.

[0056] The first driving member 2 can be in transmission connection with the lead screw 6, the first driving member 2 can be arranged on the model box 1, or the first driving member 2 can be arranged on the first mounting member 51, or the first driving member 2 can be arranged on the model box 1 and the first mounting member 51, so that the first driving member 2 is firmly installed. The first driving member 2 can drive the lead screw 6 to rotate around the axis of the lead screw 6, when the lead screw 6 rotates around the axis, the connecting sleeve sleeved outside the lead screw 6 can move along the first direction to drive the shield machine assembly 3 to move along the first direction, so that the shield machine 31 can excavate the test soil body 12 to simulate the process of excavating the tunnel. By arranging the lead screw 6, the excavation speed of the shield machine 31 when excavating the tunnel can be accurately controlled, so as to simulate the constantly changing advancing speed in the actual shield construction and improve the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0057] As some embodiments of the present application, the lead screw 6 can adopt a high-precision ball screw to more accurately control the excavation speed of the shield machine 31 when excavating the tunnel, so that the shield tunnel simulation excavation process is more reliable.

[0058] As some embodiments of the present application, the first mounting member 51 can be welded, bolted or the like with the model box 1, and as some embodiments of the present application, the first mounting member 51 can be integrally formed with the model box 1.

[0059] As some embodiments of the present application, the first driving member 2 can be welded, bolted or the like with the model box 1, and as some embodiments of the present application, the first driving member 2 can be welded, bolted or the like with the first mounting member 51.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shield tunnel test device 100 further comprises a plurality of guide rails 7 and a second mounting member 52, the plurality of guide rails 7 are arranged on the first mounting member 51 and extend along the first direction, the second mounting member 52 is in sliding fit with the guide rails 7 and fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve, and the shield machine assembly 3 is arranged on the second mounting member 52.

[0061] The plurality of guide rails 7 of the shield tunnel test device 100 are arranged on the first mounting member 51, the number of the guide rails 7 can be two, three, four, etc., the plurality of guide rails 7 can extend along the first direction, the second mounting member 52 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be fixedly provided with a plurality of sliding blocks, the number of the plurality of sliding blocks is the same as that of the plurality of guide rails 7 and one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of sliding blocks can be in sliding fit with the corresponding guide rails 7, and the second mounting member 52 can be in welding connection, clamping connection or bolted connection with the connecting sleeve, etc., so that the second mounting member 52 can be in driving fit with the lead screw 6 through the connecting sleeve, so that the second mounting member 52 can move relative to the first mounting member 51 along the first direction, so as to drive the shield machine assembly 3 arranged on the second mounting member 52 to move relative to the first mounting member 51 along the first direction, so that the shield machine 31 can excavate the test soil body 12 along the first direction, so as to simulate the shield tunnel excavation process. By making the plurality of guide rails 7 and the plurality of sliding blocks in sliding fit, the shield machine 31 can more accurately excavate the test soil body 12 along the first direction, reducing the risk of tilting and deviation of the shield machine 31, so as to reduce the error and improve the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0062] As a specific embodiment of the present application, two guide rails 7 can be arranged on the first mounting member 51, and the two guide rails 7 are respectively located on both sides of the first mounting member 51 in the width direction, so as to increase the spacing distance between the two guide rails 7 to a certain extent, so that the first mounting member 51 can support the second mounting member 52 through the two guide rails 7, so that the second mounting member 52 is more stable when moving along the first direction, and the risk of tilting and deviation of the second mounting member 52 when moving along the first direction is reduced.

[0063] As some embodiments of the present application, the shield machine assembly 3 can be in welding connection, bolted connection, etc. with the second mounting member 52, and as some embodiments of the present application, part of the structure of the shield machine assembly 3 can be integrally formed with the second mounting member 52.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-4 The shield tunnel test device 100 further comprises a transmission assembly 8, and the shield machine 31 comprises a shield machine body 311 and a cutter head 312, the cutter head 312 is arranged on the shield machine body 311, and the transmission assembly 8 is in driving connection between the second driving member 32 and the cutter head 312.

[0065] The cutter head 312 of the shield machine 31 is arranged on the shield machine body 311, before the tunnel is excavated, the cutter head 312 is arranged on the side of the shield machine body 311 close to the box body 11, the cutter head 312 can rotate around the axis direction of the shield machine body 311, the cutter head 312 can cut the test soil body 12 when rotating, the transmission assembly 8 of the shield tunnel test device 100 is drivingly connected between the second driving member 32 and the cutter head 312, the transmission assembly 8 can have a plurality of transmission shafts and a plurality of transmission gears, the plurality of transmission shafts and the plurality of transmission gears can be drivingly matched to transmit the driving force of the second driving member 32 to the cutter head 312, so that the shield machine 31 can excavate a tunnel in the test soil body 12. By arranging the transmission assembly 8, the driving force of the second driving member 32 can be reliably transmitted to the cutter head 312, and the direction of the force or torque can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the shield tunnel test device 100 has a smaller volume and reduces the floor area.

[0066] As some embodiments of the present application, the first driving member 2 can drive the shield machine assembly 3 to move in the first direction, so that the shield machine 31 can excavate the test soil body 12, and the second driving member 32 can make the shield machine 31 excavate a tunnel in the test soil body 12. By simultaneously arranging the first driving member 2 and the second driving member 32, the shield machine 31 can automatically excavate a tunnel, so as to improve the automation degree of the shield tunnel test device 100, simplify the test process, improve the test efficiency, and improve the practicability and reliability of the shield tunnel test device 100.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The transmission assembly 8 includes a first transmission shaft 81, a second transmission shaft 82, a first gear 83, and a second gear 84. The second driving member 32 is drivingly connected with the first transmission shaft 81. The first gear 83 is drivingly connected with the first transmission shaft 81 and is engaged with the second gear 84. The second gear 84 is drivingly connected with the second transmission shaft 82. The second transmission shaft 82 is drivingly connected with the cutter head 312. The axis of the first transmission shaft 81 and the axis of the second transmission shaft 82 have an included angle.

[0068] Specifically, the second driving member 32 can be in driving connection with the first transmission shaft 81 of the transmission assembly 8, the second driving member 32 can drive the first transmission shaft 81 to rotate around the axis of the first transmission shaft 81, the first gear 83 of the transmission assembly 8 can be in driving connection with the first transmission shaft 81, when the first transmission shaft 81 rotates around the axis thereof, the first transmission shaft 81 can drive the first gear 83 to rotate around the axis of the first transmission shaft 81, the second gear 84 of the transmission assembly 8 can be in meshing connection with the first gear 83, and the second gear 84 can be in driving connection with the second transmission shaft 82, when the first gear 83 rotates around the axis of the first transmission shaft 81, the first gear 83 can drive the second gear 84 to rotate around the axis of the second transmission shaft 82, so as to drive the second transmission shaft 82 to rotate around the axis of the second transmission shaft 82, and the second transmission shaft 82 can be in driving connection with the cutter head 312, when the second transmission shaft 82 rotates around the axis thereof, the second transmission shaft 82 can drive the cutter head 312 to rotate around the axis of the second transmission shaft 82, so that the cutter head 312 can cut the test soil body 12 to excavate the tunnel.

[0069] The axis of the first transmission shaft 81 can have an angle with the axis of the second transmission shaft 82, so as to change the direction of the driving torque, for example, the angle between the axis of the first transmission shaft 81 and the axis of the second transmission shaft 82 can be 90°, the second transmission shaft 82 can extend along a first direction, the first transmission shaft 81 can extend along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the second driving member 32 is in driving connection with the first transmission shaft 81, so that the first transmission shaft 81, the first gear 83 and the second driving member 32 are arranged on the side of the shield machine 31 away from the box body 11 along the second direction, so as to reduce the diameter of the shield machine 31, improve the space utilization of the shield machine 31, accordingly, the volume of the model box 1 can be reduced, and the volume and the floor area of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be reduced as a whole, so as to save space, reduce the use of materials and the manufacturing cost, and reduce the test cost.

[0070] As some embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional diameter of the shield machine 31 can be reduced to 250 mm, so as to achieve the purposes of miniaturization and light weight design.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the shield tunneling machine 31 further comprises a plurality of partition plates 9, the shield tunneling machine body 311 defines a cabin 313, and the plurality of partition plates 9 are arranged in the cabin 313 to divide the cabin 313 into a plurality of sub-cabin, the plurality of sub-cabin comprises a soil cabin 3131, an equipment cabin 3132, and an assembly cabin 3133 arranged in sequence along a first direction, the cutter head 312 is located at one end of the soil cabin 3131 away from the equipment cabin 3132, the side wall of the soil cabin 3131 is provided with a soil outlet 31311, and part of the transmission assembly 8 is located in the equipment cabin 3132. The segment 4 can be spliced in the assembly cabin 3133 to be attached to the wall of the tunnel during the excavation of the shield tunneling machine 31.

[0072] The plurality of partition plates 9 of the shield tunneling machine 31 can divide the cabin 313 of the shield tunneling machine body 311 into a plurality of sub-cabin arranged in sequence along the first direction, the plurality of sub-cabin comprises the soil cabin 3131, the equipment cabin 3132, and the assembly cabin 3133, the first partition plate 91 is arranged between the soil cabin 3131 and the equipment cabin 3132, the second partition plate 92 is arranged between the equipment cabin 3132 and the assembly cabin 3133, and the cutter head 312 can be located at one end of the soil cabin 3131 away from the equipment cabin 3132. The soil cut by the cutter head 312 can be discharged from the shield tunneling machine 31 through the soil outlet 31311 of the side wall of the soil cabin 3131 to simulate the process of diverting the soil and the crushed stone during the excavation of the shield tunneling machine 31.

[0073] As some embodiments of the present application, the soil outlet 31311 can be arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the soil cabin 3131, and when the shield tunneling machine 31 excavates the test soil 12, the soil outlet 31311 is located outside the box body 11, so that the cut test soil 12 can be smoothly discharged from the shield tunneling machine 31 through the soil outlet 31311 and will not be discharged into the tunnel, which can reduce the risk of the cut test soil 12 blocking the soil cabin 3131, and also can make the wall of the tunnel relatively flat to facilitate the attachment of the segment 4.

[0074] Part of the transmission assembly 8 can be located in the equipment cabin 3132. Specifically, the first gear 83 and the second gear 84 can be located in the equipment cabin 3132, and the equipment cabin 3132 can protect the first gear 83 and the second gear 84, reduce the risk of the cut test soil 12 affecting the transmission of the first gear 83 and the second gear 84, and ensure that the first gear 83 and the second gear 84 accurately transmit power. The first transmission shaft 81 penetrates the shield tunneling machine body 311 along a second direction, part of the first transmission shaft 81 is located in the equipment cabin 3132, and the other part of the first transmission shaft 81 is located on the side of the shield tunneling machine body 311 away from the box body 11 along the second direction. The second transmission shaft 82 penetrates the first partition plate 91 along the first direction, part of the second transmission shaft 82 is located in the equipment cabin 3132, and the other part of the second transmission shaft 82 is located in the soil cabin 3131 and is in transmission connection with the cutter head 312.

[0075] The equipment cabin 3132 is separated from the earth cabin 3131 and the assembling cabin 3133 by the first partition plate 91 and the second partition plate 92, so that the transmission assembly 8 can be protected, the earth cut down can be prevented from entering the equipment cabin 3132 to affect the transmission effect of the transmission assembly 8 or damage the transmission assembly 8, the transmission effect of the transmission assembly 8 is improved, and the service life of the transmission assembly 8 is prolonged.

[0076] The segments 4 can be assembled in the assembling cabin 3133, and a plurality of segments 4 can be connected in sequence. After the shield tunneling machine 31 excavates a tunnel by a preset distance, a preset number of segments 4 are assembled in the assembling cabin 3133, and the assembled segments 4 are connected with the segments 4 that have been attached to the tunnel wall (in the case that there are segments 4 that have been attached to the tunnel wall). When the shield tunneling machine 31 excavates forward in the first direction during the excavation process, the assembled segments 4 are detached from the shield tunneling machine 31 to be attached to the wall of the tunnel to bear the pressure of the earth of the tunnel, so as to simulate the process of attaching the segments 4 to the wall of the tunnel to support the tunnel in the actual shield construction, and improve the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0077] As some embodiments of the present application, the first partition plate 91 can be welded, clamped or bolted to the shield tunneling machine body 311, and as some embodiments of the present application, the first partition plate 91 can be integrally formed with the shield tunneling machine body 311.

[0078] As some embodiments of the present application, the second partition plate 92 can be welded, clamped or bolted to the shield tunneling machine body 311, and as some embodiments of the present application, the second partition plate 92 can be integrally formed with the shield tunneling machine body 311.

[0079] As some embodiments of the present application, the first partition plate 91 and the second partition plate 92 can be made of steel to improve the structural strength of the first partition plate 91 and the second partition plate 92, and the cost is low.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 The cutter head 312 includes a disc body 3121, a plurality of banners 3122, a plurality of blades 3123 and a plurality of stirring pieces 3124. The banners 3122 are detachably arranged on the disc body 3121, the blades 3123 are detachably arranged on the banners 3122, and the plurality of stirring pieces 3124 are arranged on the disc body 3121.

[0081] The disc body 3121 of the cutter head 312 can be in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft 82, the second transmission shaft 82 can drive the disc body 3121 to rotate around the axis direction of the second transmission shaft 82, the two ends of the strip 3122 of the cutter head 312 are detachably arranged on the disc body 3121, and the cutter blade 3123 is detachably arranged on the strip 3122, each strip 3122 can be provided with a plurality of cutter blades 3123, the plurality of cutter blades 3123 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip 3122, the cutter blade 3123 can be used for cutting the test soil body 12, and the consolidated test soil body 12 can be cut into pieces. The number of the strip 3122 and the cutter blade 3123 can be adjusted according to the test requirement, so as to adjust the opening rate, and the strip 3122 and the cutter blade 3123 are convenient to maintain or replace.

[0082] The plurality of stirring pieces 3124 of the cutter head 312 are arranged on the side, away from the cutter blade 3123, of the disc body 3121, each of the plurality of stirring pieces 3124 can be configured as a long strip structure, and each of the plurality of stirring pieces 3124 can be used for stirring the cut soil, so that the cut soil can be more smoothly discharged from the soil outlet 31311, so as to reduce the risk that the cut soil blocks the soil chamber 3131, and improve the continuity and reliability of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0083] As some embodiments of the present application, the number of the strip 3122 can be two, four, six or the like, the number of the cutter blade 3123 can be ten, twenty, thirty or the like, and the number of the stirring piece 3124 can be two, four, six or the like, and the number of the strip 3122, the cutter blade 3123 and the stirring piece 3124 can be adjusted according to the simulation test requirement, so as to adjust the opening rate.

[0084] As some embodiments of the present application, the strip 3122 can be in clamping connection or bolted connection with the disc body 3121, and as some embodiments of the present application, the cutter blade 3123 can be in clamping connection or bolted connection with the strip 3122.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shield tunnel test device 100 further comprises a pressurizing piece 17, and the model box 1 further comprises a plurality of mounting beams 16, the pressurizing piece 17 is arranged above the test soil body 12, the plurality of mounting beams 16 are in detachable connection with the box body 11 and arranged above the box body 11, and the mounting beam 16 is used for covering the pressurizing piece 17.

[0086] The pressurizing piece 17 of the shield tunnel test device 100 can be arranged above the test soil body 12, the plurality of mounting beams 16 of the model box 1 are detachably connected with the box body 11 and arranged above the box body 11, and the plurality of mounting beams 16 can be used to cover the pressurizing piece 17. The pressurizing piece 17 can provide the required consolidation load for the test soil body 12 according to the test requirement, so as to consolidate the layered filling test soil body 12 to the preset height. The mounting beam 16 has good structural strength and can bear the pressure of the pressurizing piece 17 and is not easy to deform, so as to apply the reaction force to the pressurizing piece 17, so that the pressure of the pressurizing piece 17 can be applied to the test soil body 12, and the deformation of the pressurizing piece 17 and the surface of the test soil body 12 is coordinated in the loading process and the excavation process, so as to simulate the pressure change of the soil in the actual shield construction.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The box body 11 has a top communication hole 111, a bottom communication hole 113 and a communication cavity 112. The top communication hole 111 and the communication cavity 112 are located at the upper end of the box body 11, the bottom communication hole 113 is located at the lower end of the box body 11, the bottom communication hole 113 is communicated between the accommodation space and the outside of the box body 11, the top communication hole 111 is communicated between the accommodation space and the communication cavity 112, and the communication cavity 112 is communicated with the outside of the box body 11.

[0088] The top communication hole 111 and the communication cavity 112 of the box body 11 can be located at the upper end of the box body 11, the top communication hole 111 can be communicated between the accommodation space and the communication cavity 112, and the communication cavity 112 can be communicated with the outside of the box body 11. The top communication hole 111 can have the functions of water injection and drainage. The water outside the box body 11 can enter the accommodation space through the communication cavity 112 and the top communication hole 111 in sequence, and the water in the accommodation space can be drained to the outside of the box body 11 through the top communication hole 111 and the communication cavity 112 in sequence.

[0089] When it is necessary to inject water into the accommodation space, the communication port between the communication cavity 112 and the outside of the box body 11 can be blocked, and the water in the communication cavity 112 can enter the accommodation space through the top communication hole 111. When the accommodation space needs to be drained, the water in the accommodation space can be drained from the top communication hole 111 and the communication cavity 112 in sequence. The above arrangement can make the top communication hole 111 have the functions of water injection and drainage, which is beneficial to save space.

[0090] The bottom communication hole 113 is located at the lower end of the box body 11, and the bottom communication hole 113 is communicated between the accommodation space and the outside of the box body 11. The bottom communication hole 113 can be used for drainage. By arranging the bottom communication hole 113, the drainage and consolidation settlement process of the soil layer around the tunnel after the shield tunnel is excavated can be simulated, so as to improve the restoration degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the segment 4 has a mounting groove 41, and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 41 has a mounting hole 42 penetrating the segment 4 along the thickness direction of the segment 4.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in and

[0093] shown, the segment 4 has a mounting groove 41, and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 41 has a mounting hole 42 penetrating the segment 4 along the thickness direction of the segment 4.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in and

[0095] shown, the segment 4 has a mounting groove 41, and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 41 has a mounting hole 42 penetrating the segment 4 along the thickness direction of the segment 4. Figure 7 Figure 8 In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in and

[0096] shown, the segment 4 has a mounting groove 41, and the bottom wall of the mounting groove 41 has a mounting hole 42 penetrating the segment 4 along the thickness direction of the segment 4.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 2-8As shown, the overlapping part of the front projection of the shield machine 31 and the front projection of the box body 11 is semicircular, so that the tunnel section excavated by the shield machine 31 is semicircular, and the segment 4 is configured as a semicircular arc, the cross section of the cutter head 312 is circular, the cross section of part of the structure of the shield machine body 311 is circular, and the cross section of another part of the structure of the shield machine body 311 is semicircular.

[0098] The cross section of the cutter head 312 and the cross section of the soil cabin 3131 can be circular, the cross section of the equipment cabin 3132, the cross section of the assembling cabin 3133, the overlapping part of the front projection of the shield machine 31 and the front projection of the box body 11, and the tunnel section excavated by the shield machine 31 can be semicircular. By making the overlapping part of the front projection of the shield machine 31 and the front projection of the box body 11 semicircular, the tunnel section excavated by the shield machine 31 can be semicircular, and the segment 4 is configured as a semicircular arc. The radius of the outer wall of the segment 4 is approximately equal to the radius of the tunnel section, so that the segment 4 can be comparable in size to the tunnel and closely fit the tunnel, so that the segment 4 can better withstand the earth pressure around the tunnel wall, improve the reduction degree of the shield tunnel simulation excavation process, and reduce the production difficulty of the shield tunnel test device 100.

[0099] The shield tunnel test device 100 proposed in the present application adopts the design of a half model box 1 (i.e. compared with the prior art, the volume of the model box 1 is half of the current mainstream test box), and can simulate the integrated test process of shield tunnel excavation and segment 4 assembly, significantly improving the reduction degree of the actual working condition. The shield tunnel test device 100 is small in size, low in cost, simple in operation and high in feasibility, can obtain real and accurate test data, and can ensure the efficiency and safety of shield tunnel construction.

[0100] The working process of the shield tunnel test device 100 proposed in the present application is as follows:

[0101] Before the shield tunnel simulation excavation test, the size of the shield machine 31 and the segment 4 is determined based on the working condition of the shield tunnel simulation excavation test to be performed, the size of the model box 1 is determined according to the aperture of the excavated tunnel, the shield tunnel test device 100 is installed and debugged, the test soil 12 is filled in the accommodation space, and the data collector is installed and debugged. The pressurizing member 17 is started to provide the required consolidation load for the test soil 12, and water is injected into the accommodation space through the top communication hole 111 and the communication cavity 112. Then, the shield machine 31 is installed and debugged, the first cover 13 and at least one blocking strip 15 are removed, the second driving member 32 is started to drive the cutter head 312 to rotate, so that the shield machine 31 can cut the test soil 12, the first driving member 2 is started to drive the shield machine 31 to move in the first direction to excavate the test soil 12, and automatic excavation is realized.

[0102] The test soil 12 cut by the cutter head 312 is discharged from the soil outlet 31311 of the shield machine 31, and after the shield machine 31 completely excavates the test soil 12, the first cover 13 is installed to the position before disassembly. After the shield machine 31 excavates a preset distance of the tunnel, a preset number of undismounted fender strips 15 are dismounted, and a preset number of segments 4 are manually assembled in the shield machine 31, and the adjacent segments 4 are connected by bolts. When the shield machine 31 excavates forward, the assembled segments 4 are discharged from the shield machine 31, and the segments 4 discharged from the shield machine 31 can bear the pressure of the soil around the tunnel wall (i.e., attached to the wall of the tunnel). During the test, the data of the rotation speed, torque, pushing force, pushing speed, and soil tank 3131 pressure of the cutter head 312 of the shield machine 31 need to be recorded. The data acquisition system acquires the test data of the data collector embedded in the test soil 12 during and after the test, and acquires the test data of the data collector installed on the shield machine 31, and transmits the data to the software system of the computer terminal for data analysis. After the test is completed, all the fender strips 15 and the second cover 14 are installed to the position before disassembly to maintain the integrity of the box body 11.

[0103] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0104] In the description of the present application, "first feature" and "second feature" can include one or more features.

[0105] In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0106] In the description of the present application, "above" or "below" the first feature of the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or can include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.

[0107] In the description of the present application, "above", "above" and "above" of the first feature of the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0108] In the description of the specification, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an exemplary embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in an exemplary embodiment", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0109] Although embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations thereto without departing from the principles and scope of the application, which are defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield tunnel test device (100), characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tunneling test model, comprising: a model box (1) comprising a box body (11) defining a receiving space filled with a test soil body (12); a first driving member (2) and a shield assembly (3), the first driving member (2) being in driving connection with the shield assembly (3), the shield assembly (3) comprising a shield (31) and a second driving member (32) in driving connection with the shield (31), the first driving member (2) being used to drive the shield assembly (3) to move in a first direction, the second driving member (32) being used to drive the shield (31) to work to excavate a tunnel in the test soil body (12) in a second direction, the shield (31) being located on one side of the box body (11) and the orthogonal projection of the shield (31) being partially coincident with the orthogonal projection of the box body (11) in the first direction, so that the tunnel excavated by the shield (31) has a partially circular cross section; a plurality of segments (4) being arc-shaped and adapted to the tunnel, the segments (4) being connected in sequence, a preset number of segments (4) being attached to the wall of the tunnel after the shield (31) excavates the tunnel by a preset distance; a first mounting member (51), a lead screw (6) and a connecting sleeve, the first mounting member (51) being arranged on the model box (1), the first driving member (2) being arranged on the model box (1) and / or the first mounting member (51), the lead screw (6) being rotatably arranged on the first mounting member (51) and in driving connection with the first driving member (2), the connecting sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the lead screw (6) and in threaded connection with the lead screw (6), the shield assembly (3) being connected with the connecting sleeve.

2. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model box (1) further comprises a first cover (13), a second cover (14) and a plurality of blocking strips (15), the first cover (13) and the second cover (14) being used to cover both sides of the tunnel in the first direction and being detachably connected with the box body (11) respectively, the blocking strips (15) being detachably connected with the box body (11) and arranged in sequence in the first direction, the blocking strips (15) being located on the side of the shield (31) in the second direction and being used to cover the tunnel.

3. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: a plurality of guide rails (7) and a second mounting member (52), the guide rails (7) being arranged on the first mounting member (51) and extending in the first direction, the second mounting member (52) being in sliding connection with the guide rails (7) and fixedly connected with the connecting sleeve, the shield assembly (3) being arranged on the second mounting member (52).

4. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: a transmission assembly (8), the shield (31) comprising a shield body (311) and a cutter head (312), the cutter head (312) being arranged on the shield body (311), the transmission assembly (8) being in driving connection between the second driving member (32) and the cutter head (312).

5. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (8) comprises a first transmission shaft (81), a second transmission shaft (82), a first gear (83), and a second gear (84). The second driving member (32) is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft (81). The first gear (83) is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft (81) and is in meshing connection with the second gear (84). The second gear (84) is in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft (82). The second transmission shaft (82) is in transmission connection with the cutter head (312). The axis of the first transmission shaft (81) and the axis of the second transmission shaft (82) form an included angle.

6. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shield tunneling machine (31) further comprises a plurality of partition plates (9). The shield tunneling machine body (311) defines a cabin body (313). The plurality of partition plates (9) are arranged in the cabin body (313) to divide the cabin body (313) into a plurality of sub-cabin bodies. The plurality of sub-cabin bodies comprise, in sequence along the first direction, a soil cabin (3131), an equipment cabin (3132), and an assembly cabin (3133). The cutter head (312) is located at one end of the soil cabin (3131) away from the equipment cabin (3132). The sidewall of the soil cabin (3131) has a soil outlet (31311). Part of the transmission assembly (8) is located in the equipment cabin (3132). The segment (4) can be assembled in the assembly cabin (3133) to be attached to the wall surface of the tunnel during the excavation of the shield tunneling machine (31).

7. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutter head (312) comprises a disc body (3121), a plurality of banners (3122), a plurality of blades (3123), and a plurality of stirring members (3124). The banners (3122) are detachably arranged on the disc body (3121). The blades (3123) are detachably arranged on the banners (3122). The plurality of stirring members (3124) are arranged on the disc body (3121).

8. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: A pressurizing member (17). The model box (1) further comprises a plurality of mounting beams (16). The pressurizing member (17) is arranged above the test soil body (12). The plurality of mounting beams (16) are detachably connected with the box body (11) and arranged above the box body (11). The mounting beams (16) are used for covering the pressurizing member (17).

9. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box body (11) has a top communication hole (111), a bottom communication hole (113), and a communication cavity (112). The top communication hole (111) and the communication cavity (112) are located at the upper end of the box body (11). The bottom communication hole (113) is located at the lower end of the box body (11). The bottom communication hole (113) is in communication between the accommodation space and the outside of the box body (11). The top communication hole (111) is in communication between the accommodation space and the communication cavity (112). The communication cavity (112) is in communication with the outside of the box body (11).

10. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segment (4) has a mounting groove (41), and a bottom wall of the mounting groove (41) has a mounting hole (42) penetrating the segment (4) in a thickness direction of the segment (4).

11. The shield tunnel testing device (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, Both sides of the segment (4) have the mounting groove (41) in the thickness direction of the segment (4).

12. The shield tunneling test apparatus (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, A coinciding part of a projection of the shield machine (31) and a projection of the box body (11) is semicircular, so that a tunnel section excavated by the shield machine (31) is semicircular, and the segment (4) is configured as a semicircular arc. A cross section of the cutter head (312) is circular, a cross section of a part of the shield machine body (311) is circular, and a cross section of another part of the shield machine body (311) is semicircular.

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