Device and method for testing material performance in high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing material performance in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, and relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, a semi-closed simulation cabin is mounted on a supporting frame, an outlet is formed in the semi-closed simulation cabin, a load applying element is located outside the semi-closed simulation cabin, and the load applying element is connected with the semi-closed simulation cabin. The fixed end of the clamp is connected with the load applying element, the clamping end of the clamp extends into the semi-closed simulation cabin and is used for clamping a to-be-measured sample, and the deformation measuring element is located outside the semi-closed simulation cabin and directly faces the to-be-measured sample; the heating end of the inductance heating system is connected to the mechanical property testing system, and the inductance heating system is used for heating the to-be-tested sample; an outlet of the water-oxygen environment simulation system is connected with an inlet of the mechanical property test system, and the water-oxygen environment simulation system can adjust a water-oxygen environment in the mechanical property test system. According to the invention, the mechanical property of the material can be tested in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mechanical property testing of strategic emerging materials in the aerospace field is mainly carried out in high temperature, ultra-high temperature, vacuum, atmosphere protection and other environments. The research on related detection technology methods and detection equipment is also mainly focused on increasing the material environment temperature and vacuum degree. The high-temperature load-bearing structural materials in aircraft engines work in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment for a long time. Spacecraft engines are also in this environment in the atmosphere. However, no relevant research has been found on the evaluation methods and devices of the mechanical properties of new materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and realize mechanical property testing of materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, comprising:

[0006] A mechanical properties testing system, the mechanical properties testing system comprising a supporting frame, a semi-enclosed simulation cabin, a load applying element, a fixture and a deformation measuring element, the semi-enclosed simulation cabin is installed on the supporting frame, and an outlet is provided on the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, the load applying element is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, the fixed end of the fixture is connected to the load applying element, the clamping end of the fixture extends into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin and is used to clamp a sample to be tested, and the deformation measuring element is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin and is arranged directly opposite to the sample to be tested;

[0007] an induction heating system, wherein a heating end of the induction heating system is connected to the mechanical property testing system, and the induction heating system is used to heat the sample to be tested; and

[0008] A water-oxygen environment simulation system, wherein the outlet of the water-oxygen environment simulation system is connected to the inlet of the mechanical properties testing system, and the water-oxygen environment simulation system can adjust the water-oxygen environment in the mechanical properties testing system.

[0009] Preferably, the semi-enclosed simulation cabin is a glass cover.

[0010] Preferably, the mechanical properties testing system also includes a supporting frame, which includes a base, an upper beam and two columns, the two columns are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two columns are installed on the base, and the upper ends of the two columns are movably connected to the two ends of the upper beam respectively, the upper half of the load applying element is installed on the middle part of the upper beam, the lower half of the load applying element is installed on the middle part of the base, and the upper half of the load applying element is connected to the upper end of a connecting rod, and a force sensor is also provided between the upper half of the load applying element and the upper end of the connecting rod, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the upper half of the clamp, the lower half of the load applying element is a driving part, and the output end of the driving part is connected to the lower half of the clamp; a connecting component is provided at the upper end of each column, the connecting component is connected to the end of the upper beam, and the connecting component can clamp or loosen the end of the upper beam.

[0011] Preferably, the load applying element is a universal testing machine, a creep testing machine or a fatigue testing machine; and the deformation measuring element is a video extensometer.

[0012] Preferably, the induction heating system comprises a power-carrying end and the heating end, the power-carrying end is electrically connected to the heating end, and the heating end is a power-carrying coil.

[0013] Preferably, the induction heating system further comprises a radiation tube, the radiation tube is inductively connected to the energized coil, and the radiation tube is used to cover the periphery of the sample to be tested.

[0014] Preferably, the radiation tube is made of precious metal material.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises a temperature control system, which comprises a temperature measuring element and a control element. The temperature measuring element is used to be arranged close to the sample to be measured, and the temperature measuring element and the induction heating system are both electrically connected to the control element.

[0016] Preferably, the water-oxygen environment simulation system includes a gas flow controller and a water vapor generator, and the gas flow controller is used to provide oxygen to the semi-closed simulation cabin, and the water vapor generator is used to provide water vapor to the semi-closed simulation cabin.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, using a device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment as described in any one of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Design drawings of the samples to be tested and the corresponding fixtures according to the type of mechanical properties test required for the materials to be tested;

[0019] S2. Load the sample to be tested and the fixture on the corresponding load applying element;

[0020] S3. Place the sample to be tested in a glass cover and place it in the middle of the induction heating system. Choose whether to use a radiation tube according to the material of the sample to be tested and the required temperature;

[0021] S4. Debug the deformation measuring element;

[0022] S5. According to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment, adjust the ratio of water vapor and oxygen introduced into the glass cover by the water-oxygen environment simulation system, introduce it for half an hour in advance, and adjust the environment inside the glass cover to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment;

[0023] S6. Place the temperature measuring element close to the sample to be measured, align the deformation measuring element with the surface of the sample to be measured, adjust the control element to a predetermined temperature, and control the induction heating system to start heating;

[0024] S7. After the temperature measuring element detects that the sample to be tested has risen to the preset temperature, it is kept warm for 10 minutes to 20 minutes, and the control load application element is started to perform mechanical property testing;

[0025] S8. Save the test data and turn off the induction heating system;

[0026] S9. After the temperature of the sample to be tested drops to room temperature, stop introducing water vapor and oxygen, take out the sample to be tested and the fixture, and turn off the entire test device for material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0028] The device and method for testing material properties under a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment provided by the present invention are intended to realize mechanical property testing of advanced materials for aerospace engines under high-temperature, high-altitude atmospheric corrosion. By designing an inductive heating system, a water-oxygen environment simulation system and a mechanical property testing system, a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment is simulated, so that the simulated corrosion environment is closer to the actual service environment of the material, and the mechanical property testing of the material is carried out in this simulated corrosion environment.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper crossbeam, column, base, etc. in the support frame of the present invention are all made of high-quality steel, mainly bearing the test force, with high bearing performance and good guiding precision. At the same time, the lifting structure of the upper crossbeam adopts an adjustable speed stepping motor to drive the synchronous pulley to rotate, and then drives the ball screw coaxially installed with the synchronous pulley to rotate, and the ball screw is hidden in the column, and finally the column drives the upper crossbeam to rise and fall, with good integrity and stable lifting.

[0030] Furthermore, the ball screw and the bearing seat in the present invention are lubricated with oil to improve the life and loading capacity of the electric cylinder. In addition, the electric cylinder is equipped with a lubricating oil pump, which can lubricate the ball screw and the bearing seat with oil to improve the life of the ball screw and the bearing seat, thereby improving the service life of the electric cylinder, ensuring that the lubricating oil fully lubricates the ball screw and other parts, and improving the loading performance of the electric cylinder.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention has two control modes for the electric cylinder that provides the load, namely, load and displacement, and can realize various waveform loading. It is applied in the tension and compression test system of metal materials or non-metallic materials, which can not only ensure the force accuracy and stability of static loading, but also realize high linear speed dynamic loading frequency. The loading frame can be flexibly constructed to realize various loading installation forms.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention designs the connection relationship between the upper crossbeam and the column so that the clamping disc spring is located on one side of the end of the upper crossbeam, the spherical pad is located on the other side of the end of the upper crossbeam, and the opening cylinder is located on the side of the clamping disc spring away from the end of the upper crossbeam. The pull rod passes through the spherical pad, the end of the upper crossbeam and the clamping disc spring in sequence, and extends to the opening cylinder. The clamping disc spring is used to lock the crossbeam. When the crossbeam needs to be raised or lowered, the opening cylinder tightens the clamping disc spring to allow the upper crossbeam to recover. This connection structure can ensure stability and reliability during long-term continuous operation.

[0033] Furthermore, the present invention arranges the load applying element on the upper crossbeam, and drives the clamp to provide load to the sample to be tested through the load applying element. The force sensor, centering ring and electric cylinder in the load applying element all adopt precision instruments with high environmental requirements. For this reason, the present invention designs a connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the clamp and the sample to be tested, and the other end is connected to the centering ring and the force sensor, so that the test force is transmitted to the force sensor and data is measured; at the same time, the design of the connecting rod also prevents the force sensor and the centering ring from being affected by high temperature and water-oxygen corrosion environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the mechanical property test data.

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention designs the force sensor to adopt a spoke-type high-rigidity sensor to improve the lateral force resistance and frequency response.

[0035] Furthermore, the clamp in the present invention can be divided into a tensile clamp, a compression clamp, a shear clamp and a creep clamp, etc. Taking the tensile clamp as an example, the tensile specimen is connected to the clamp through a wedge-shaped groove, and the clamp includes two clamping units, the clamping unit includes a chuck and two clamping blocks, both of the two clamping blocks are wedge-shaped, and the two clamping blocks are arranged opposite to each other and form a wedge-shaped groove in the middle, the chuck is a split structure and is located outside the two clamping blocks, and the chuck is used to clamp the two clamping blocks, and the two clamping blocks are used to clamp the ends of the sample to be tested, thereby facilitating the tensile test of the sample to be tested.

[0036] Furthermore, the present invention designs the clamp and the connecting rod to be connected by a threaded connection, which not only achieves a stable connection to ensure the accuracy of mechanical data testing, but also facilitates installation and disassembly, thereby enabling replacement of different types of clamp structures to perform different types of mechanical property tests.

[0037] Furthermore, when designing the fixture, the present invention keeps the fixture away from the high temperature section, thereby minimizing the impact of the water-oxygen corrosion environment on the fixture, thereby avoiding affecting the clamping of the sample to be tested and the accuracy of the test data.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention takes into account that the samples to be compressed, bent and sheared are relatively small, and thus the fixture needs to be placed inside an energized coil. Therefore, the fixture is designed to be made of a high-temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant and high-strength ceramic material, such as silicon nitride ceramic material. Compared with traditional fixtures made of ordinary cemented carbide materials such as stainless steel, the fixture can adapt to high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environments, thereby improving the tolerance of the fixture and avoiding affecting the accuracy of the material mechanical properties test data.

[0039] Furthermore, the present invention uses an energized coil and adopts electromagnetic induction heating to heat the sample to be tested. Compared with the traditional resistance wire and silicon-molybdenum rod radiation heating method, it can achieve a faster heating rate and is not affected by the corrosive environment. Compared with the traditional energized graphite radiation heating that will gradually oxidize and disappear in a high-temperature water and oxygen environment, the energized coil in the present invention can realize the simulation of the material in a high-temperature atmospheric environment, and thus can adapt to the actual service conditions of the simulated material in the present invention in a high-altitude atmospheric environment where the internal temperature rises rapidly, thereby achieving rapid heating of the sample to be tested and effective simulation of the high-temperature service environment of the material.

[0040] Furthermore, the energized coil in the present invention can be provided with a water cooling device to prevent the energized coil from softening and failing due to excessive temperature.

[0041] Furthermore, when the present invention is used to heat conductive test samples such as high-temperature alloys, the test samples can be placed in parallel in an energized coil, and the energized coil is used to directly heat the test samples by electromagnetic induction. When used to heat non-conductive test samples such as advanced structural ceramics and composite materials, a conductive radiation tube is placed between the energized coil and the test sample, and the radiation tube is heated by electromagnetic induction. The radiation tube radiates and heats the test sample to achieve rapid heating. Compared with traditional heating methods, this method is not limited by whether the test sample is conductive, and rapid heating can be achieved.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention designs a water-oxygen environment simulation system to provide the water-oxygen environment required for the test, and by controlling the gas flow rate, effectively simulates the material service environment in the water-oxygen environment simulation system, and makes the internal and external atmospheric environments of the water-oxygen environment simulation system independent of each other, and by introducing inert gas, oxygen and water vapor into a semi-enclosed simulation cabin, and adjusting the different proportions of each component according to actual needs, to achieve accurate simulation of atmospheric water-oxygen environments at different altitudes. Compared with traditional fixed-ratio gas components, it can better fit the real environment, thereby making the test data more authentic. The present invention creatively uses the method of introducing inert gas, oxygen, and water vapor, and adjusting different proportions to achieve accurate simulation of atmospheric water-oxygen environments at different altitudes.

[0043] Furthermore, the semi-enclosed simulation cabin in the present invention is a quartz glass cover, which isolates the internal and external environments of the cabin without affecting the observation of the sample.

[0044] Furthermore, in the present invention, the flow rates of both the inert gas and oxygen are controlled by flow meters, and water vapor is generated by heating pure water with a water vapor generator. The water flow rate is controlled to control the water vapor intake flow rate, thereby ensuring that the inert gas, oxygen and water vapor reach a specified ratio.

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention arranges a heating belt in the air inlet pipeline of the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, and the temperature of the heating belt is not lower than 100° C., thereby avoiding inaccurate proportions of inert gas, oxygen and water vapor caused by condensation.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the temperature, the present invention adopts a method of jointly controlling the temperature by a thermocouple and a photoelectric colorimeter on the basis of the traditional method of using a thermocouple alone to control the temperature. At the same time, in order to ensure the temperature measurement accuracy, the thermocouple is designed to be bundled and fixed on the sample surface, and the photoelectric colorimeter is used to directly align the sample surface for testing and controlling the temperature. In order to prevent the thermocouple from corrosion and damage, a ceramic-coated thermocouple is used to prevent the thermocouple wire from being affected by corrosion to a limited extent. Compared with the traditional temperature control method of using a thermocouple alone to control the temperature, the present invention adopts a method of jointly controlling the temperature by a thermocouple and a photoelectric colorimeter to effectively improve the accuracy of the temperature of the sample to be measured.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention uses a video extensometer to measure the deformation of the sample to be tested, and opens a hole in the middle of the radiation tube to facilitate temperature control detection and deformation measurement of the sample to be tested, which can solve the problem that traditional mechanical extensometers cannot be used in high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environments.

[0048] The device and method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment provided by the present invention solve the problem that the new material mechanical property evaluation methods and devices in the prior art cannot simulate the high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment through the coordination and synergy between various structural units, and realize the performance testing of materials in a "heat-mechanical-water-oxygen" quaternary coupling environment, and then the tensile, fatigue, creep and other properties of the materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment can be tested, and long-term aging and corrosion tests can also be performed, providing testing and evaluation technical support for the research and development of emerging aerospace materials in relevant scientific research institutes, and also providing guarantee for the service reliability application of emerging materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a testing device for material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame in Example 1 (the semi-enclosed simulation cabin is omitted);

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame in Example 1 (exposed sample to be tested);

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment in Example 1;

[0054] In the figure: 1-inductive heating system, 2-water and oxygen environment simulation system, 3-mechanical properties testing system, 4-energized coil, 5-video extensometer, 6-semi-enclosed simulation cabin, 7-load application element, 8-sample to be tested, 9-fixture, 10-temperature measuring element, 11-upper beam, 12-column, 13-centering ring, 14-force sensor, 15-connecting rod, 16-electric cylinder, 17-base, 18-control element, 19-radiation tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to achieve mechanical property testing of materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

[0057] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the present embodiment provides a testing device for material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, comprising an inductive heating system 1, a water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 and a mechanical property testing system 3, wherein the mechanical property testing system 3 comprises a semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, a load applying element 7, a fixture 9 and a deformation measuring element, and an outlet is provided on the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 to ensure that the pressure in the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 is constant, thereby ensuring that the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 can smoothly supply oxygen and water vapor to the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, so that the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 is always in the desired water-oxygen environment, the load applying element 7 is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, and the fixed end of the fixture 9 is The clamp 9 is connected to the load applying element 7, and the clamping end of the clamp 9 extends into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 and is used to clamp the sample 8 to be tested. The clamp 9 is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy material, which can improve the tolerance of the clamp 9. According to different force forms, it can be divided into tension, bending, compression, shear, fatigue and creep types of clamps 9. At the same time, the clamp 9 is set away from the heating end to minimize the impact of the environment on the clamp 9; the deformation measuring element is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 and is set directly to the sample 8 to be tested, so as to observe and record the deformation of the sample 8 to be tested in real time. When designing the clamp 9, the structure design is used to make the clamp 9 away from the high The temperature section is used to minimize the influence of the water-oxygen corrosion environment on the fixture 9, and the fixture 9 is made of a hard high-temperature alloy material or ceramic material that is resistant to high temperature, corrosion, and has high strength, and can adapt to the high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment. The heating end of the induction heating system 1 is connected to the mechanical properties testing system 3, and is used to heat the sample 8 to be tested, so as to provide the high-temperature environment required for the test. The sample 8 to be tested is heated by electromagnetic induction heating, which can achieve rapid heating of the sample 8 to be tested and effectively simulate the high-temperature service environment of the material. The outlet of the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 is connected to the inlet of the mechanical properties testing system 3, and the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 can adjust the mechanical properties. It can test the water and oxygen environment in the system 3 to provide the water and oxygen environment required for the test, and by controlling the gas flow rate, effectively simulate the material service environment in the water and oxygen environment simulation system 2, and make the internal and external atmospheric environments of the water and oxygen environment simulation system 2 independent of each other, so as to realize the performance test of the material in the "heat-mechanical-water-oxygen" quaternary coupling environment, and then test the tensile, fatigue, creep and other properties of the material in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, and also perform long-term aging and corrosion tests, so as to provide testing and evaluation technical support for the research and development of emerging aerospace materials in relevant scientific research institutes, and also provide guarantee for the service reliability application of emerging materials in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

[0060] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 is a glass cover, which can isolate the internal and external environments of the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 without affecting the observation of the sample 8 to be tested. Communication ports can be set at the upper and lower ends of the glass cover to facilitate the insertion and extension of the clamp 9. At the same time, technical personnel in this field can set the powered coil 4 inside or outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 according to actual needs.

[0061] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the support frame includes a base 17, an upper crossbeam 11 and two columns 12. The upper crossbeam 11, the columns 12 and the base 17 are all made of high-quality steel, mainly bear the test force, and have the characteristics of high bearing performance and good guiding accuracy; the two columns 12 are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two columns 12 are installed on the base 17, and the upper ends of the two columns 12 are movably connected to the two ends of the upper crossbeam 11 respectively, the upper half of the load applying element is installed in the middle of the upper crossbeam 11, the lower half of the load applying element is installed in the middle of the base 17, and the upper half of the load applying element is connected to the upper end of a connecting rod 15, and a force sensor 14 is also provided between the upper half of the load applying element and the upper end of the connecting rod 15, wherein the force sensor 14 adopts a spoke-type high-rigidity sensor with high lateral force resistance and high frequency response. Moreover, the force sensor 14, the centering ring 13 and the electric cylinder 16 are all precision instruments with high environmental requirements. For this reason, the present embodiment designs a connecting rod 15, which is used to connect the fixture 9 and the sample 8 to be tested at one end, and to connect the centering ring 13 and the force sensor 14 at the other end, so as to transmit the test force to the force sensor 14 for data measurement; the lower end of the connecting rod 15 is connected to the upper half of the fixture, the lower half of the load applying element is the driving part, and the output end of the driving part is connected to the lower half of the fixture; a connecting component is provided at the upper end of each column 12, the connecting component is connected to the end of the upper beam 11, and the connecting component can clamp or loosen the end of the upper beam 11.

[0062] Among the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the electric cylinder 16 has two control modes of load and displacement, which can realize various waveform loadings and is used in the tension and compression test systems of metal or non-metal materials. It can not only ensure the force accuracy and stability of static loading, but also realize high linear speed dynamic loading frequency. The loading frame can be flexibly constructed to realize various loading installation forms.

[0063] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the connecting assembly includes an opening cylinder, a clamping disc spring, a spherical pad and a pull rod. The clamping disc spring is located on one side of the end of the upper beam 11, and the spherical pad is located on the other side of the end of the upper beam 11. The opening cylinder is located on the side of the clamping disc spring away from the end of the upper beam 11. The pull rod passes through the spherical pad, the end of the upper beam 11 and the clamping disc spring in sequence, and extends to the opening cylinder. By using the clamping disc spring to lock the beam, when the beam needs to be raised or lowered, the opening cylinder tightens the clamping disc spring to allow the upper beam 11 to recover. This connection structure can ensure stability and reliability during long-term continuous operation.

[0064] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that both columns 12 are provided with a lifting structure, and the lifting structure includes an adjustable speed stepper motor, a ball screw, a synchronous belt and two synchronous pulleys. The adjustable speed stepper motor drives the synchronous pulley as the driving wheel to rotate, and the two synchronous pulleys are connected by synchronous belt transmission. The synchronous pulley as the driven wheel is coaxially installed with the ball screw. The ball screw is hidden in the column 12, and the slider on the ball screw is connected to the lifting section of the column 12. Finally, the lifting and lowering of the column 12 is realized by the lifting and lowering of the slider to achieve the height adjustment of the upper crossbeam 11. The ball screw and the bearing seat connected to the end of the ball screw are lubricated with oil immersion to improve the life and loading capacity of the electric cylinder 16. The electric cylinder 16 is equipped with a lubricating oil pump, which can lubricate the ball screw and the bearing seat with oil immersion, improve the life of the ball screw and the bearing, thereby improving the service life of the electric cylinder 16, ensuring that the lubricating oil fully lubricates the ball screw and other parts, and improving the loading performance of the electric cylinder 16.

[0065] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the clamp 9 includes two clamping units, the clamping unit includes a chuck and two clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks are both wedge-shaped, and the two clamping blocks are arranged opposite to each other and form a wedge-shaped groove in the middle, the chuck is a split structure and is located outside the two clamping blocks, and the chuck is used to clamp the two clamping blocks, and the two clamping blocks are used to clamp the ends of the sample 8 to be tested.

[0066] Since the test section of the sample 8 to be tested in this embodiment is designed to be longer in length, and the fixture 9 is made of hard high-temperature alloy material or ceramic material, when the sample 8 to be tested is placed in the energized coil and the radiation tube 19, the fixture 9 and the sample 8 to be tested will be heated at the same time. Therefore, the influence of the high temperature environment on the fixture 9 should be minimized as much as possible without affecting the accuracy of the test data. Based on this, compared with the traditional clamping structure made of ordinary hard alloy such as stainless steel, in order to improve the tolerance of the fixture 9, in the selection of the material of the fixture 9, it is preferred to use a hard high-temperature alloy material or ceramic material that is resistant to high temperature, corrosion-resistant, and strong as the material of the fixture 9 for tensile, fatigue, creep and other tests. The size of the sample 8 to be tested for compression, bending and shearing is small, so the fixture 9 needs to be extended into the energized coil 4. Based on this, the material of the fixture 9 should be selected from silicon nitride ceramic material, which has the characteristics of non-conductivity, high temperature resistance, high hardness and high strength. At the same time, in the process of designing the sample 8 for testing mechanical properties such as tension, bending, compression, shear, fatigue and creep, the fixture 9 is kept away from the high temperature section through structural design, thereby minimizing the impact of the water-oxygen corrosion environment on the fixture 9.

[0067] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the clamp 9 is made of hard high-temperature alloy material or ceramic material, and can transmit the test force to the force sensor 14 through the connecting rod 15. The design of the connecting rod 15 is to prevent the force sensor 14 and the centering ring 13 from being affected by the high temperature and water-oxygen corrosion environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the mechanical performance test data. At the same time, the clamp 9 is kept away from the high-temperature section, thereby minimizing the impact of the environment on the clamp 9. The clamp 9 and the connecting rod 15 are connected by threads, so that different structural types of clamps 9 can be replaced to perform different types of mechanical performance tests while ensuring the accuracy of the mechanical data test.

[0068] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the load applying element 7 is a universal testing machine, a creep testing machine or a fatigue testing machine, so as to provide the material with load forms such as tension, pressure, creep, dynamic fatigue, etc., and then conduct mechanical property testing; the deformation test of the material is an important parameter of the mechanical property test. In order to solve the problem that the traditional mechanical extensometer cannot be used in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, this embodiment uses a video extensometer 5 for deformation measurement, i.e., a DIC extensometer. The middle opening of the radiation tube 19 is convenient for temperature control detection and deformation measurement of the sample 8 to be tested. The video extensometer 5 can be connected to the load applying element 7, and then the material load and deformation data are collected in real time. The application of load, the deformation measurement and processing of the video extensometer 5, and the control of the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 are all integrated in the control element 18 of the computer.

[0069] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the induction heating system 1 includes a power-on end and a heating end, the power-on end is electrically connected to the heating end, the heating end is a power-on coil 4, the power-on coil 4 is energized through the power-on end to achieve heating of the sample 8 to be tested through the power-on coil 4, and rapid heating can be achieved.

[0070] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the induction heating system 1 also includes a radiation tube 19, which is inductively connected to the energized coil 4, and the radiation tube 19 is used to cover the periphery of the sample to be tested 8, and then the sample to be tested 8 is heated by the radiation tube 19. This heating method is mainly suitable for heating non-conductive materials.

[0071] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that when the sample 8 to be tested is a conductive emerging material, such as carbon / carbon composite materials, high-temperature alloys, etc., the radiation tube 19 may not be provided, and the sample to be tested 8 can be directly placed in parallel in the energized coil 4, and the energized coil 4 is used to directly heat the sample to be tested 8 by electromagnetic induction to achieve rapid heating.

[0072] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the radiation tube 19 is made of precious metal material. When the sample 8 to be tested is a non-conductive material such as advanced structural ceramics and composite materials, the radiation tube 19 made of precious metal material is induced by the energized coil 4, and then the radiation tube 19 is used to radiate and heat the sample 8 to achieve rapid temperature rise. The use of precious metal material for the radiation tube 19 is based on good conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0073] By designing the induction heating system as above, the sample 8 to be tested is heated by electromagnetic induction, thereby achieving rapid temperature rise of the sample 8 to be tested. For the conductive sample, electromagnetic induction heating is adopted, and for the non-conductive sample, electromagnetic induction heating is adopted for the radiation tube 19 made of precious metal material, such as platinum tube, thereby achieving rapid temperature rise by radiating the sample 8 to be tested.

[0074] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the traditional heating method of the sample 8 to be tested is to use resistance wire and silicon molybdenum rod radiation heating, which has the defects of slow heating rate and the heating wire is easily affected by the corrosive environment. Some of them use energized graphite radiation heating to simulate the material in an ultra-high temperature vacuum environment, but energized graphite radiation heating cannot be applied in a high-temperature water and oxygen environment because graphite will gradually oxidize and disappear. Therefore, in order to simulate the actual service situation of the material in the aerospace engine in the high-altitude atmospheric environment, the present embodiment uses the energized coil 4 to heat the sample 8 to be tested by electromagnetic induction. The sample 8 to be tested is placed in the energized coil 4. Through the principle of electromagnetic induction, the rapid heating of the sample 8 to be tested can be achieved, and the effective simulation of the high-temperature service environment of the sample 8 to be tested can be achieved. At the same time, the energized coil 4 is provided with a water cooling device to prevent the temperature from being too high and the energized coil 4 from softening and failing.

[0075] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that this embodiment also includes a temperature control system, the temperature control system includes a temperature measuring element 10 and a control element 18, the temperature measuring element 10 is used to be set close to the sample 8 to be tested, and to measure the surface temperature of the sample 8 to be tested in real time, the temperature measuring element 10 and the induction heating system 1 are both electrically connected to the control element 18, so that the temperature measuring element 10 transmits the temperature signal to the control element 18, and the control element 18 controls the opening and closing of the induction heating system 1 to achieve temperature control.

[0076] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the temperature measuring element 10 is preferably a thermocouple. At the same time, the thermocouple can be combined with a photoelectric colorimeter to test the temperature environment of the sample 8 to be tested, and then the temperature is raised and lowered in real time by the control element 18 to ensure the accuracy of the temperature. Compared with the traditional technical scheme of using a thermocouple to control the temperature alone, this embodiment effectively improves the accuracy of the temperature of the sample 8 to be tested by using a thermocouple and a photoelectric colorimeter to control the temperature together. Moreover, in the actual application process, the thermocouple can be bundled and fixed on the surface of the sample 8 to be tested. In order to prevent the thermocouple from corrosion and damage, a ceramic-coated thermocouple is used to prevent the thermocouple wire from being affected by corrosion. At the same time, for the non-conductive sample 8 to be tested that needs to be set inside the radiation tube 19 for heating, this embodiment can open a hole in the middle of the radiation tube 19, and use a photoelectric colorimeter to directly align the surface of the sample 8 to be tested to test and control the temperature. The infrared temperature measurement unit is composed of a photoelectric colorimeter (i.e. a high-precision infrared thermometer), which is a digital, high-precision, non-contact ratio infrared thermometer with an adjustable lens. The digital response time of the graphic signal is as short as 1 millisecond, which is particularly suitable for fast temperature measurement response in the heating process.

[0077] In the optional scheme of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 includes a gas flow controller and a water vapor generator, and the gas flow controller is used to provide oxygen to the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, and the water vapor generator is used to provide water vapor to the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, and the water vapor is generated by heating pure water by the water vapor generator. In the actual application process, those skilled in the art can also introduce inert gas into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6 according to actual needs, and control the water vapor intake flow rate by controlling the pure water flow rate, so as to ensure that the inert gas, oxygen, and water vapor reach the specified ratio, thereby providing an effective high-temperature water-oxygen environment for the mechanical property test of the sample 8 to be tested.

[0078] Among the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that this embodiment realizes the simulation of high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment through the coordinated use of water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 and induction heating system 1. At the same time, by designing a semi-closed simulation cabin 6 and introducing inert gas, water vapor, oxygen and electromagnetic induction heating into the semi-closed simulation cabin 6, high-temperature water-oxygen environment simulation is effectively provided for the mechanical properties test of the sample 8 to be tested.

[0079] Among the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that, when supplying oxygen, it can be divided into the following two usage modes according to the required oxygen content: (1) directly introducing oxygen to place the sample to be tested 8 in a high temperature, high concentration oxygen environment; (2) introducing designed water vapor and oxygen in proportion into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin 6, and realizing a specific water-oxygen corrosion environment by controlling the water vapor and oxygen intake.

[0080] Embodiment 2

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, using the device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0082] S1. Design drawings of the sample 8 and the corresponding fixture 9 according to the type of mechanical property test required for the material to be tested (such as tension, bending, compression, shear, fatigue and creep, etc.);

[0083] S2. The sample to be tested 8 and the fixture 9 are loaded on the corresponding load applying element 7;

[0084] S3. Place the sample 8 to be tested in a glass cover and place the sample 8 to be tested in the middle of the induction heating system 1. Select whether to use the radiation tube 19 according to the material of the sample 8 to be tested and the required temperature;

[0085] S4. Debug the deformation measuring element;

[0086] S5. According to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment, adjust the water-oxygen environment simulation system 2 to introduce water vapor and oxygen into the glass cover, pre-introduce for half an hour, and adjust the environment inside the glass cover to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment;

[0087] S6. The temperature measuring element 10 is brought close to the sample 8 to be measured, and the deformation measuring element is aligned with the surface of the sample 8 to be measured, the control element 18 is set to a predetermined temperature, and the induction heating system 1 is controlled to start heating;

[0088] S7. After the temperature measuring element 10 detects that the sample 8 has reached the preset temperature, it is kept warm for 10 minutes to 20 minutes, and the load applying element 7 is started to perform a mechanical property test;

[0089] S8. Save the test data and turn off the induction heating system 1;

[0090] S9. After the temperature of the sample 8 to be tested drops to room temperature, stop introducing water vapor and oxygen, take out the sample 8 to be tested and the fixture 9, and turn off the entire test device for material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

[0091] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, characterized in that: include: A mechanical properties testing system, the mechanical properties testing system comprising a supporting frame, a semi-enclosed simulation cabin, a load applying element, a fixture and a deformation measuring element, the semi-enclosed simulation cabin is installed on the supporting frame, and an outlet is provided on the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, the load applying element is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, the fixed end of the fixture is connected to the load applying element, the clamping end of the fixture extends into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin and is used to clamp a sample to be tested, and the deformation measuring element is located outside the semi-enclosed simulation cabin and is arranged directly opposite to the sample to be tested; An induction heating system, wherein a heating end of the induction heating system is connected to the mechanical property testing system, and the induction heating system is used to heat the sample to be tested; as well as, A water-oxygen environment simulation system, wherein the outlet of the water-oxygen environment simulation system is connected to the inlet of the mechanical properties testing system, and the water-oxygen environment simulation system can adjust the water-oxygen environment in the mechanical properties testing system.

2. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-enclosed simulation cabin is a glass cover.

3. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes a base, an upper beam and two columns, the two columns are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two columns are installed on the base, and the upper ends of the two columns are movably connected to the two ends of the upper beam respectively, the upper half of the load applying element is installed in the middle of the upper beam, the lower half of the load applying element is installed in the middle of the base, and the upper half of the load applying element is connected to the upper end of a connecting rod, and a force sensor is also provided between the upper half of the load applying element and the upper end of the connecting rod, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the upper half of the clamp, the lower half of the load applying element is a driving part, and the output end of the driving part is connected to the lower half of the clamp; a connecting component is provided at the upper end of each column, the connecting component is connected to the end of the upper beam, and the connecting component can clamp or loosen the end of the upper beam.

4. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load applying element is a universal testing machine, a creep testing machine or a fatigue testing machine; the deformation measuring element is a video extensometer.

5. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction heating system comprises a power supply end and a heating end, wherein the power supply end is electrically connected to the heating end, and the heating end is a power supply coil.

6. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The induction heating system further comprises a radiation tube, which is inductively connected to the energized coil and is used to cover the periphery of the sample to be tested.

7. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radiation tube is made of precious metal material.

8. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control system, which includes a temperature measuring element and a control element. The temperature measuring element is used to be arranged close to the sample to be measured, and the temperature measuring element and the induction heating system are both electrically connected to the control element.

9. The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-oxygen environment simulation system includes a gas flow controller and a water vapor generator, wherein the gas flow controller is used to provide oxygen into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin, and the water vapor generator is used to provide water vapor into the semi-enclosed simulation cabin.

10. A method for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment, characterized in that: The device for testing material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Design drawings of the samples to be tested and the corresponding fixtures according to the type of mechanical properties test required for the materials to be tested; S2. Load the sample to be tested and the fixture on the corresponding load applying element; S3. Place the sample to be tested in a glass cover and place it in the middle of the induction heating system. Choose whether to use a radiation tube according to the material of the sample to be tested and the required temperature; S4. Debug the deformation measuring element; S5. According to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment, adjust the ratio of water vapor and oxygen introduced into the glass cover by the water-oxygen environment simulation system, introduce it for half an hour in advance, and adjust the environment inside the glass cover to the preset water-oxygen corrosion environment; S6. Place the temperature measuring element close to the sample to be measured, align the deformation measuring element with the surface of the sample to be measured, adjust the control element to a predetermined temperature, and control the induction heating system to start heating; S7. After the temperature measuring element detects that the sample to be tested has reached the preset temperature, it is kept warm for 10 minutes to 20 minutes, and the load applying element is controlled to start and perform mechanical property testing; S8. Save the test data and turn off the induction heating system; S9. After the temperature of the sample to be tested drops to room temperature, stop introducing water vapor and oxygen, take out the sample to be tested and the fixture, and turn off the entire test device for material properties in a high-temperature water-oxygen corrosion environment.

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