Voltage monitoring system and voltage monitoring method for vehicle controller

Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage monitoring system and a voltage monitoring method for a vehicle controller, the voltage monitoring system comprises a monitoring voltage input interface, a reference voltage generation module, a voltage monitoring module, a monitoring module and an online fault injection module, the voltage monitoring module comprises a reference voltage input end and a monitoring voltage input end; the voltage monitoring module is used for comparing the reference voltage with the to-be-monitored voltage to obtain a comparison result; the monitoring module is used for receiving the comparison result transmitted by the voltage monitoring module; and the online fault injection module is used for changing the reference voltage input into the voltage monitoring module. According to the voltage monitoring system and the voltage monitoring method, an intelligent power supply chip does not need to be adopted, power supply voltages of various voltage levels are monitored by using a separation device, the voltage monitoring system has the online fault injection capability, and self-inspection of the voltage monitoring system is achieved; the device has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle controllers, and in particular to a voltage monitoring system and a voltage monitoring method for a vehicle controller. Background Art

[0002] With the development of automobile electrification, there are more and more electronic control systems inside the car, such as battery management system, motor control system, automatic emergency braking system, energy recovery control system, etc. These systems play a vital role in many aspects such as the normal operation, performance, and safety of the vehicle. Stable voltage supply is the basis for the normal operation of these electronic systems. In order to monitor the stability of the power supply voltage of each system in real time, the existing technical solutions mostly use intelligent power supply chips with integrated power supply monitoring functions. The stability and compatibility of highly integrated intelligent power supply chips are poor, and a new voltage monitoring system is needed to monitor the power supply voltage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a voltage monitoring system and a voltage monitoring method for a vehicle controller, which have the advantages of simple structure, high stability and good compatibility.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a voltage monitoring system for a vehicle controller, comprising:

[0005] A monitoring voltage input interface, used to input an external voltage to be monitored into the voltage monitoring system;

[0006] A reference voltage generating module, used for generating a reference voltage;

[0007] A voltage monitoring module, comprising a reference voltage input terminal and a monitoring voltage input terminal, wherein the reference voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module to receive the reference voltage, and the monitoring voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface to receive the voltage to be monitored; the voltage monitoring module is used to compare the reference voltage with the voltage to be monitored to obtain a comparison result;

[0008] A monitoring module, electrically connected to the voltage monitoring module, and configured to receive the comparison result transmitted by the voltage monitoring module;

[0009] An online fault injection module is electrically connected to the reference voltage generation module and is used to change the reference voltage input to the voltage monitoring module.

[0010] Optionally, the voltage monitoring module includes:

[0011] An overvoltage monitoring submodule, comprising a first reference voltage input interface and a first monitoring voltage input interface, wherein the first reference voltage input interface is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module, and the first monitoring voltage input interface is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface;

[0012] The undervoltage monitoring submodule includes a second reference voltage input interface and a second monitoring voltage input interface, wherein the second reference voltage input interface is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module, and the second monitoring voltage input interface is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface.

[0013] Optionally, the voltage monitoring system further includes a latch module, and the latch module is electrically connected to the overvoltage monitoring submodule and the undervoltage monitoring submodule respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the overvoltage monitoring submodule includes a first comparator, the first comparator is provided with a first unidirectional input terminal and a first reverse input terminal, the first reference voltage input interface is set at the first unidirectional input terminal, and the first monitoring voltage input interface is set at the first reverse input terminal.

[0015] Optionally, the undervoltage monitoring submodule includes a second comparator, the second comparator is provided with a second non-inverting input terminal and a second reverse input terminal, the second reference voltage input interface is set at the second reverse input terminal, and the second monitoring voltage input interface is set at the second non-inverting input terminal.

[0016] Optionally, the online fault injection module includes an overvoltage fault injection submodule, and the overvoltage fault injection submodule is electrically connected to the first reverse input terminal.

[0017] Optionally, the online fault injection module further includes an undervoltage fault injection submodule, and the undervoltage fault injection submodule is electrically connected to the second common-direction input terminal.

[0018] Optionally, the voltage monitoring system also includes a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface and the grounding point, the second same-direction input terminal is connected to a point between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the undervoltage fault injection submodule and the second same-direction input terminal are connected through the third resistor.

[0019] Optionally, the voltage monitoring system also includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface and the grounding point, the first reverse input terminal is connected to the point between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, and the overvoltage fault injection submodule and the first reverse input terminal are connected through the sixth resistor.

[0020] The present invention further provides a voltage monitoring method, which is used in the voltage monitoring system as described above, and comprises:

[0021] S10, the voltage monitoring system is turned on, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module;

[0022] S20, the online fault injection module injects an overvoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module;

[0023] S30, the online fault injection module cancels the overvoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module;

[0024] S40, the online fault injection module injects an undervoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads a comparison result of the voltage monitoring module;

[0025] S50: The online fault injection module cancels the undervoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module.

[0026] In summary, compared with the prior art, the voltage monitoring system and voltage monitoring method for a vehicle controller provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The voltage monitoring system and voltage monitoring method of the present invention do not need to adopt an intelligent power supply chip. They monitor the power supply voltages of various voltage levels by using separation devices, and have online fault injection capabilities to achieve self-checking of the voltage monitoring system. The voltage monitoring system of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of connecting the voltage monitoring system of the present invention with an external unit.

[0029] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the voltage monitoring system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 The figure is a flow chart of the voltage monitoring method of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of the voltage monitoring system performing self-checking through an online fault injection module.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] Voltage Monitoring System 10

[0034] Voltage monitoring module 110

[0035] Overvoltage monitoring submodule 111

[0036] First reference voltage input interface 112

[0037] The first monitoring voltage input interface 113

[0038] Undervoltage monitoring submodule 114

[0039] The second reference voltage input interface 115

[0040] Second monitoring voltage input interface 116

[0041] Monitoring module 120

[0042] Monitoring voltage input interface 130

[0043] Reference voltage generation module 140

[0044] Online Fault Injection Module 150

[0045] Latch module 160

[0046] Car Controller 20

[0047] Power supply unit 30

[0048] Power consumption unit 40

[0049] The first resistor R1

[0050] The second resistor R2

[0051] The third resistor R3

[0052] The fourth resistor R4

[0053] The fifth resistor R5

[0054] The sixth resistor R6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 4 , the technical solutions, structural features, objectives achieved and effects in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0056] It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions. They are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only the elements explicitly listed, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a voltage monitoring system 10 for a vehicle controller. The voltage monitoring system 10 includes a monitoring voltage input interface 130, a reference voltage generating module 140, a voltage monitoring module 110, a monitoring module 120, and an online fault injection module 150. Among them, the voltage monitoring system 10 is arranged in the vehicle controller 20, and is used to monitor whether the output voltage of its power supply unit 30 is stable. In the vehicle controller 20, the power supply unit 30 supplies power to the power unit 40, and one output of the power supply unit 30 is connected to the power unit 40. In addition, another output of the power supply unit 30 is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 of the voltage monitoring system 10, and the monitoring voltage input interface 130 is used to input the external voltage to be monitored into the voltage monitoring system 10, so that the output voltage of the power supply unit 30 is input into the voltage monitoring system 10 through the monitoring voltage input interface 130. The voltage monitoring module 110 in the voltage monitoring system 10 monitors the output voltage of the power supply unit 30, and outputs the comparison result of the monitoring voltage to the monitoring module 120.

[0059] In the voltage monitoring system 10 , the reference voltage generating module 140 is used to generate a reference voltage, and the supply voltage generated by the power supply unit 30 is compared with the reference voltage.

[0060] The voltage monitoring module 110 includes a reference voltage input terminal and a monitoring voltage input terminal. The reference voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module 140 to receive the reference voltage. The monitoring voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 to receive the voltage to be monitored. The voltage monitoring module 110 compares the reference voltage and the voltage to be monitored according to the received reference voltage and the voltage to be monitored to obtain a comparison result; if the voltage difference between the voltage to be monitored generated by the power supply unit 30 and the reference voltage is greater than the overvoltage threshold, indicating that the voltage to be monitored is too high, the voltage monitoring system 10 generates an overvoltage alarm; if the voltage difference between the voltage to be monitored generated by the power supply unit 30 and the reference voltage exceeds the undervoltage threshold, indicating that the voltage to be monitored is too low, the voltage monitoring system 10 generates an undervoltage alarm.

[0061] The monitoring module 120 is electrically connected to the voltage monitoring module 110, and is used to receive the comparison result transmitted by the voltage monitoring module 110. The online fault injection module 150 is electrically connected to the reference voltage generation module 140, and is used to change the reference voltage of the input voltage monitoring module 110, so that when the voltage to be monitored does not change, an overvoltage alarm or undervoltage alarm is triggered by actively changing the reference voltage, thereby realizing self-checking whether the voltage monitoring system can issue an overvoltage alarm or undervoltage alarm.

[0062] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the voltage monitoring module 110 includes an overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 and an undervoltage monitoring submodule 114. The overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 includes a first reference voltage input interface 112 and a first monitoring voltage input interface 113. The first reference voltage input interface 112 is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module 140 for receiving a reference voltage. The first monitoring voltage input interface 113 is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 for receiving a voltage to be monitored. The overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 compares the voltage to be monitored with the reference voltage to determine whether the voltage to be monitored exceeds the reference voltage and whether the difference between the two exceeds the overvoltage threshold, and issues an overvoltage alarm when the overvoltage threshold is exceeded.

[0063] The undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 includes a second reference voltage input interface 115 and a second monitoring voltage input interface 116. The second reference voltage input interface 115 is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module 140 for receiving a reference voltage. The second monitoring voltage input interface 116 is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 for receiving a voltage to be monitored. The undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 compares the voltage to be monitored with the reference voltage to determine whether the voltage to be monitored is lower than the reference voltage and whether the difference between the two is lower than the undervoltage threshold. When the voltage is lower than the undervoltage threshold, an undervoltage alarm is issued.

[0064] In this embodiment, an overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 and an undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 are provided to respectively perform overvoltage monitoring and undervoltage monitoring on the voltage to be monitored. The structure is simple and reliable, and the stability of the voltage monitoring system 10 is improved.

[0065] Continue as Figure 2As shown, the voltage monitoring system 10 also includes a latch module 160, which is electrically connected to the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 and the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114. When the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 detects that the voltage to be monitored exceeds the reference voltage, and the difference between the voltage to be monitored and the reference voltage is greater than the overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 issues an overvoltage alarm, and the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 outputs a high level to the latch module 160, and the latch module 160 outputs a fault state to the outside as a low level and maintains it. Similarly, when the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 detects that the voltage to be monitored is lower than the reference voltage, and the difference between the voltage to be monitored and the reference voltage is less than the undervoltage threshold, the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 issues an undervoltage alarm, and the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 outputs a high level to the latch module 160, and the latch module 160 outputs a fault state to the outside as a low level and maintains it.

[0066] In this embodiment, the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 includes a first comparator, and the first comparator is provided with a first unidirectional input terminal and a first reverse input terminal. The first reference voltage input interface 112 is set at the first unidirectional input terminal, and the first monitoring voltage input interface 113 is set at the first reverse input terminal. The first comparator compares the reference voltage inputted at the first unidirectional input terminal with the voltage to be monitored inputted at the first reverse input terminal. If the voltage to be monitored is higher than the reference voltage and the difference between the two exceeds the overvoltage threshold, the first comparator outputs a high level to the latch module 160 as an overvoltage alarm.

[0067] The undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 includes a second comparator, which is provided with a second unidirectional input terminal and a second reverse input terminal. The second reference voltage input interface 115 is provided at the second reverse input terminal, and the second monitoring voltage input interface 116 is provided at the second unidirectional input terminal. The second comparator compares the voltage to be monitored inputted at the second unidirectional input terminal with the reference voltage inputted at the second reverse input terminal. If the voltage to be monitored is lower than the reference voltage and the difference between the two exceeds the undervoltage threshold, the second comparator outputs a high level to the latch module 160 as an undervoltage alarm.

[0068] In this embodiment, the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 and the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 both use comparators and simple separation devices to monitor the voltage to be monitored. When the voltage to be monitored changes abnormally, an overvoltage alarm or an undervoltage alarm can be reliably output.

[0069] In this embodiment, the on-line fault injection module 150 includes an overvoltage fault injection sub-module. The overvoltage fault injection sub-module is electrically connected to the first inverting input terminal. The overvoltage fault injection sub-module can, when the voltage to be monitored input by the monitoring voltage input interface 130 remains unchanged, change the voltage at the first inverting input terminal by adjusting the resistor connection relationship connected to the first inverting input terminal, so as to artificially and controllably make the voltage at the first inverting input terminal higher than the reference voltage at the first non-inverting input terminal when both the voltage to be monitored input by the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the reference voltage remain unchanged. At this time, if an overvoltage alarm occurs, it indicates that the overvoltage monitoring sub-module 111 is working properly and the self-check of the overvoltage alarm function of the voltage monitoring system 10 is completed.

[0070] Specifically, the voltage monitoring system 10 further includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. The fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected in series. Two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are respectively connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the fifth resistor R5, and two ends of the fifth resistor are respectively connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the ground. That is, the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the ground. The first inverting input terminal is connected to the point between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the overvoltage fault injection sub-module and the first inverting input terminal are connected through the sixth resistor R6. One end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the midpoint of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the open-drain output pin of the overvoltage fault injection sub-module.

[0071] Overvoltage threshold = reference voltage * (R4 + R5') / R5', where R5' = R5 * R6 / (R5 + R6). When the overvoltage fault injection sub-module does not inject an overvoltage fault and the overvoltage monitoring sub-module 111 is working properly, the overvoltage fault injection sub-module grounds the sixth resistor R6; after the overvoltage fault injection sub-module injects an overvoltage fault, the sixth resistor R6 is disconnected from the ground. At this time, the overvoltage threshold will be adjusted to overvoltage threshold = reference voltage * (R4 + R5) / R5. Since R5' < R5, the overvoltage threshold decreases and the overvoltage fault is triggered, realizing the self-check of the overvoltage fault.

[0072] The on-line fault injection module 150 further includes an under-voltage fault injection sub-module, which is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal. The under-voltage fault injection sub-module can, when the voltage to be monitored input by the monitoring voltage input interface 130 remains unchanged, change the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal by adjusting the resistance connection relationship connected to the non-inverting input terminal, so as to artificially and controllably make the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal lower than the reference voltage at the inverting input terminal when both the voltage to be monitored input by the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the reference voltage remain unchanged. At this time, if an under-voltage alarm occurs, it indicates that the under-voltage monitoring sub-module 114 is working properly and the self-check of the under-voltage alarm function of the voltage monitoring system 10 is completed.

[0073] Specifically, the voltage monitoring system 10 further includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series. Two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected to the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the second resistor R2, and two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected to the first resistor R1 and the ground. That is, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface 130 and the ground. The non-inverting input terminal is connected to the point between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the under-voltage fault injection sub-module and the non-inverting input terminal are connected through the third resistor R3. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the midpoint of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor (T1) of the under-voltage fault injection sub-module. The base of the NPN transistor (T1) is connected to the push-pull output pin of the on-line fault injection module 150; the emitter of the NPN transistor (T1) is grounded.

[0074] When the under-voltage fault injection sub-module does not inject an under-voltage fault and the under-voltage monitoring sub-module 114 is working properly, the under-voltage fault injection control signal is not enabled, the NPN transistor (T1) is not conducting, the third resistor R3 is disconnected from the ground, and the under-voltage threshold = reference voltage * (R1 + R2) / R2. After the under-voltage fault injection sub-module works and the under-voltage fault injection control signal is enabled, the NPN transistor (T1) conducts, the third resistor R3 is grounded, and at this time the under-voltage threshold = reference voltage * (R1 + R2') / R2', where R2' = R2 * R3 / (R2 + R3). Since R2' < R2, the under-voltage threshold increases, the under-voltage fault is triggered, and the self-check of the under-voltage fault is realized.

[0075] As Figure 3 shown, the present invention further provides a voltage monitoring method, which is used for the voltage monitoring system 10 as described above. The voltage monitoring method includes:

[0076] S10, the voltage monitoring system 10 is turned on, and the monitoring module 120 reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module 110. After the system is turned on, the monitoring module reads the voltage to be monitored from the monitoring voltage input interface 130, and compares the voltage to be monitored with the reference voltage. Figure 4 As shown, if no overvoltage alarm and no undervoltage alarm are generated, the fault signal feedback is high level, and the next step is entered for subsequent self-test; if an overvoltage alarm or an undervoltage alarm is generated, the fault signal feedback is low level, and the self-test fails. In this embodiment, when an overvoltage alarm or an undervoltage alarm is generated, the overvoltage fault signal feedback is low level; when no overvoltage alarm or undervoltage alarm is generated, the overvoltage fault signal feedback is high level.

[0077] S20, the online fault injection module 150 injects an overvoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module 110, and the monitoring module 120 reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module 110. In this step, the overvoltage fault injection submodule injects an overvoltage fault, and the overvoltage fault injection signal is enabled. At this time, if the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 generates an overvoltage alarm and the fault signal feedback is a low level, it indicates that the overvoltage monitoring function is normal, and the next step is performed; if the overvoltage monitoring submodule 111 does not generate an overvoltage alarm at this time, and the fault signal feedback is still a high level, it indicates that the overvoltage monitoring function is abnormal and the self-test fails.

[0078] S30, the online fault injection module 150 cancels the overvoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module 110, and clears the signal stored in the latch module 160 at the same time. At this time, the overvoltage alarm signal should be eliminated, and the overvoltage fault signal feedback should be a high level; the monitoring module 120 reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module 110. If the fault signal feedback is still a low level, the self-test fails; if the fault signal feedback is still a high level, it indicates that the overvoltage fault signal is eliminated successfully, and proceeds to the next step.

[0079] S40, the online fault injection module 150 injects an undervoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module 110, and the monitoring module 120 reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module 110; in this step, the undervoltage fault injection submodule injects an undervoltage fault, and sets the undervoltage fault injection signal to be enabled. At this time, if the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 generates an undervoltage alarm and the fault signal feedback is a low level, it indicates that the overvoltage monitoring function is normal, and the next step is performed; if the undervoltage monitoring submodule 114 does not generate an undervoltage alarm at this time, and the fault signal feedback is still a high level, it indicates that the undervoltage monitoring function is abnormal and the self-test fails.

[0080] S50, the online fault injection module 150 cancels the undervoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module 110, and clears the signal stored in the latch module 160 at the same time. At this time, the undervoltage alarm signal should be eliminated, and the undervoltage fault signal feedback should be a high level; the monitoring module 120 reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module 110. If the fault signal feedback is still a low level, the self-test fails; if the fault signal feedback is still a high level, it indicates that the overvoltage fault signal is eliminated successfully and the self-test is completed.

[0081] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A voltage monitoring system for a vehicle controller, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring system comprises: A monitoring voltage input interface, used to input an external voltage to be monitored into the voltage monitoring system; A reference voltage generating module, used for generating a reference voltage; A voltage monitoring module, comprising a reference voltage input terminal and a monitoring voltage input terminal, wherein the reference voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module to receive the reference voltage, and the monitoring voltage input terminal is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface to receive the voltage to be monitored; the voltage monitoring module is used to compare the reference voltage with the voltage to be monitored to obtain a comparison result; a monitoring module is electrically connected to the voltage monitoring module to receive the comparison result transmitted by the voltage monitoring module; An online fault injection module is electrically connected to the reference voltage generation module and is used to change the reference voltage input to the voltage monitoring module.

2. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring module comprises: an overvoltage monitoring submodule, comprising a first reference voltage input interface and a first monitoring voltage input interface, the first reference voltage input interface is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module, and the first monitoring voltage input interface is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface; The undervoltage monitoring submodule includes a second reference voltage input interface and a second monitoring voltage input interface, wherein the second reference voltage input interface is electrically connected to the reference voltage generating module, and the second monitoring voltage input interface is electrically connected to the monitoring voltage input interface.

3. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring system further comprises a latch module, and the latch module is electrically connected to the overvoltage monitoring submodule and the undervoltage monitoring submodule respectively.

4. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overvoltage monitoring submodule includes a first comparator, which is provided with a first unidirectional input terminal and a first reverse input terminal, the first reference voltage input interface is arranged at the first unidirectional input terminal, and the first monitoring voltage input interface is arranged at the first reverse input terminal.

5. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The undervoltage monitoring submodule includes a second comparator, which is provided with a second non-inverting input terminal and a second reverse input terminal, the second reference voltage input interface is arranged at the second reverse input terminal, and the second monitoring voltage input interface is arranged at the second non-inverting input terminal.

6. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The online fault injection module includes an overvoltage fault injection submodule, and the overvoltage fault injection submodule is electrically connected to the first reverse input terminal.

7. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The online fault injection module further includes an undervoltage fault injection submodule, and the undervoltage fault injection submodule is electrically connected to the second common-direction input terminal.

8. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring system also includes a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface and the grounding point, the second same-direction input terminal is connected to a point between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the undervoltage fault injection submodule and the second same-direction input terminal are connected through the third resistor.

9. The voltage monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring system also includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are connected in series between the monitoring voltage input interface and the grounding point, the first reverse input terminal is connected to a point between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor, and the overvoltage fault injection submodule and the first reverse input terminal are connected through the sixth resistor.

10. A voltage monitoring method, characterized in that: The voltage monitoring method is used in the voltage monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the voltage monitoring method comprises: S10, the voltage monitoring system is turned on, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module; S20, the online fault injection module injects an overvoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module; S30, the online fault injection module cancels the overvoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module; S40, the online fault injection module injects an undervoltage fault signal into the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads a comparison result of the voltage monitoring module; S50: The online fault injection module cancels the undervoltage fault signal of the voltage monitoring module, and the monitoring module reads the comparison result of the voltage monitoring module.

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