A construction site safety monitoring management system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a construction site safety monitoring and management system and method, which relates to the field of construction technology. The method adopts a calculation model of a multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI, a foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, and a foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, and extracts multi-dimensional data through an embedded database for real-time analysis. The dynamic calculation based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI can comprehensively evaluate the impact of different vibration sources on the stability of the foundation pit; at the same time, the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF refines the stress distribution of vibration on the foundation soil; the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is used as a core indicator to comprehensively analyze the stability status of the foundation pit. When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC value is lower than the safety threshold, the system will generate a first warning message, and calculate the monitoring point risk value RIM in combination with the multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI, and locate the abnormal area through the monitoring point risk value RIM.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a building construction site safety monitoring and management system and method. Background Art

[0002] The construction industry is an integral part of modern urbanization. Foundation pit construction, as a key component of deep foundation pit support and underground engineering construction, plays a crucial role in construction. Deep foundation pit construction typically involves excavation and support of the foundation soil, and is a key focus of project safety management. In actual construction, foundation stability is affected by a variety of factors, including vibrations caused by construction equipment, ambient vibration sources, and the characteristics of the soil itself. The complexity of these factors necessitates real-time safety monitoring of foundation pit construction sites. Dynamic assessment of foundation stability is particularly important when multiple vibration sources are combined.

[0003] At present, the safety monitoring methods for foundation pit construction sites are often based on static assessments, such as obtaining the bearing capacity of the foundation through geotechnical tests and formulating construction plans. However, this method lacks dynamic monitoring capabilities and is not easy to reflect the impact of vibration on the foundation in real time. In addition, conventional vibration monitoring equipment mostly uses a single vibration source as the analysis object and cannot fully analyze the combined impact of multiple sources of vibration. For example, when the environmental background vibration is superimposed on the vibration of construction machinery, it may cause changes in the stress concentration area of ​​the foundation. This phenomenon is difficult to detect in time with traditional monitoring methods and can easily pose a safety hazard to construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a construction site safety monitoring and management system and method, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Set up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, install sensor groups at the monitoring points, and set up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. Then build a construction platform, connect it to the sensor groups and environmental compensation points, and remotely transmit the vibration data to the construction platform.

[0007] S2. Receiving vibration data in real time on the construction platform, preprocessing the vibration data to obtain a vibration impact data set, and simultaneously constructing an embedded database, storing the vibration impact data set in the embedded database;

[0008] S3, extracting the vibration impact data set, calculating and outputting a multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and calculating a foundation pit stress distribution value GSF of the foundation pit based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and then comprehensively calculating the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF to obtain a foundation pit stability coefficient GSC;

[0009] S4. Perform a preliminary assessment based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, generate an early warning message. Simultaneously, calculate and output the risk value RIM of the monitoring point in combination with the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and analyze the abnormal monitoring point.

[0010] S5. Perform a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point. Based on the secondary assessment results, the monitoring point is divided into risk levels. At the same time, a visualization interface is constructed to display different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk levels.

[0011] Preferably, said S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0012] S11, by laying out a number of monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, the monitoring points are arranged and installed at intervals of 10 meters by 10 meters to generate a grid of monitoring points, and a sensor group is installed at each monitoring point to collect real-time on-site vibration data of the vibration source during the foundation pit construction process;

[0013] At the same time, environmental compensation points are set up outside the foundation pit construction site to collect real-time off-site vibration data of the foundation pit construction site and the vibration source, and the on-site vibration data and the off-site vibration data are integrated to obtain vibration data;

[0014] The vibration data includes acceleration component a, construction site vibration signal, natural acceleration component a z and foundation pit stress signals;

[0015] The sensor group includes a triaxial vibration acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor and a ground stress sensor;

[0016] The triaxial vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the foundation pit construction site and near the construction equipment, covering the foundation pit construction site, and installing a vibration sensor in each grid;

[0017] The ground stress sensor is installed by embedding at the bottom and side wall of the foundation pit;

[0018] The environmental compensation point is to place a number of three-axis vibration acceleration sensors outside the construction site to collect the natural acceleration component a of the natural background. z ;

[0019] S12. Build a construction platform and install communication modules on the sensor group and environmental compensation points. Remotely connect the construction platform with the communication modules installed on the sensor group and environmental compensation points by setting up a 5G communication network, and transmit the vibration data collected in real time to the construction platform.

[0020] Preferably, said S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0021] S21. Receive the vibration data in real time on the construction platform, label the vibration data collected by sensors at the same monitoring point with the same ID code, preprocess the vibration data to obtain a standardized data set, wherein the preprocessing method includes denoising and normalization, and then perform computational processing on the standardized data set to obtain a vibration impact data set;

[0022] The vibration impact data set includes vibration intensity VI, vibration frequency VF, ground stress GS and environmental interference compensation coefficient EC;

[0023] The vibration intensity VI is obtained by accumulating the square of the acceleration component a and taking the root mean square value. The specific algorithm formula is: Where n represents the number of acceleration components a collected in the time series, and ai represents the acceleration of the i-th vibration source;

[0024] The vibration frequency VF is obtained by using a vibration sensor to collect the vibration signal of the construction site, converting it into a frequency domain signal through an FFT algorithm, and extracting the frequency corresponding to the amplitude from the frequency domain signal as the main frequency component;

[0025] The ground stress GS is obtained by performing denoising and normalization on the foundation pit stress signal collected by the ground stress sensor, and extracting the mean stress signal.

[0026] The environmental interference compensation coefficient EC is obtained by collecting the natural acceleration component a z The natural background vibration intensity VItotal is calculated using the vibration intensity VI algorithm formula, and then compared with the vibration intensity VI at the construction site. The specific algorithm formula is:

[0027] S22, constructing an embedded database in the construction platform, and setting a plurality of data storage tables for the embedded database, wherein the data storage table corresponds to an ID code, and storing the vibration impact data set into the data storage table corresponding to the embedded database according to the ID code.

[0028] Preferably, said S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0029] S31. Extract the vibration impact data set with the same ID code from the embedded database, perform comprehensive calculation to output the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and comprehensively analyze the impact of vibration sources in different grid monitoring systems on the foundation pit.

[0030] Preferably, S32, based on the comprehensive impact index MVTI and the ground stress GS, calculate and output the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, and the dynamic distribution of vibration on foundation stress;

[0031] The foundation pit stress distribution value GSF is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula:

[0032] GSF=GS+κ·MVTI·(1-δ·d 2 );

[0033] Where κ represents the influence factor of the ground stress change caused by vibration, d represents the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measurement point, and δ represents the vibration attenuation factor.

[0034] Preferably, S33, based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, a comprehensive calculation is performed to output the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC;

[0035] The foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula:

[0036]

[0037] Where, GS threshold represents the safety threshold of foundation bearing capacity, and η represents the weighted influence factor of vibration on foundation stress.

[0038] Preferably, said S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0039] S41. Based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, a preliminary assessment is performed, and warning information is generated based on the preliminary assessment result to analyze the stability of the foundation pit under the influence of external vibration forces. The specific assessment contents are as follows;

[0040] When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC ≥ 1, it means that the current foundation pit stability is normal and construction can continue as planned without intervention;

[0041] When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is less than 1, it indicates that the current foundation pit stability is abnormal, and the first warning information is generated at this time.

[0042] Preferably, in step S42, when the foundation pit stability is preliminarily assessed to be abnormal, the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI of the grid-type monitoring points is used to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM, so as to trace the vibration abnormality at different locations of the foundation pit construction site;

[0043] The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0044]

[0045] Where R represents the vibration propagation radius, ρ0 represents the initial soil density near the vibration source, γ represents the soil density attenuation coefficient, β represents the spatial attenuation factor of vibration energy propagation, z represents the depth, λ represents the vibration attenuation factor with depth z, and Dd represents the integral variable of the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measuring point.

[0046] Preferably, said S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0047] S51. A risk threshold R1 is set based on the upper limit of the vibration bearing capacity of the foundation pit soil. The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is then re-evaluated with the risk threshold R1 to analyze the foundation pit risk of the current monitoring point and classify it into levels. The specific evaluation contents are as follows;

[0048] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is ≥ twice the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a first-level risk area;

[0049] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is greater than the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a secondary risk area;

[0050] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is less than or equal to the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a level 3 risk area;

[0051] Among them, the first-level risk area> the second-level risk area> the third-level risk area,

[0052] S52. Construct a visualization interface in the construction platform using front-end and back-end technologies, draw a plan of the foundation pit construction site using CAD software, embed the gridded monitoring points into the plan of the foundation pit construction site, and generate a visualization grid map of the foundation pit. Simultaneously, construct a prompt bar on the visualization interface using front-end technology. When a preliminary assessment generates a first warning message, the prompt bar indicates that an abnormality exists in the foundation pit in the current monitoring point area, and collects and maintains the current foundation pit area accordingly.

[0053] After a second evaluation, the relevant color RGB values ​​are generated on the foundation pit visualization grid map based on the divided grades;

[0054] The specific generated content is as follows;

[0055] When the current monitoring point is classified as a first-level risk area, the RGB value of the color of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (255, 0, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0056] When the current monitoring point is divided into the secondary risk area, the RGB value of the color of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (0, 255, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0057] When the current monitoring point is divided into a first-level risk area, the color RGB value of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (0, 0, 255) on the foundation pit visualization grid map.

[0058] A construction site safety monitoring and management system, comprising a multi-point acquisition module, a data processing module, a foundation pit stability analysis module, a monitoring point anomaly analysis module, and a visual thermal distribution module;

[0059] The multi-point acquisition module sets up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, installs sensor groups in the monitoring points, and sets up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. The construction platform is remotely connected to the sensor groups and environmental compensation points to transmit the vibration data to the construction platform.

[0060] The data processing module receives vibration data in real time on the construction platform, pre-processes the vibration data, obtains a vibration impact data set, and constructs an embedded database, and stores the vibration impact data set in the embedded database;

[0061] The foundation pit stability analysis module extracts the vibration impact data set, calculates and outputs a multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, calculates the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF of the foundation pit based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and then comprehensively calculates the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF to obtain the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC;

[0062] The monitoring point abnormality analysis module performs a preliminary assessment based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, an early warning message is generated. At the same time, the module combines the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM and analyze the abnormal monitoring point.

[0063] The thermal distribution visualization module performs a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point, divides the risk level of the monitoring point based on the secondary assessment result, and constructs a visualization interface at the same time, and displays different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk level.

[0064] The present invention provides a construction site safety monitoring and management system and method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0065] (1) This method can collect vibration data inside and outside the construction site in real time by setting up grid-type monitoring points and installing multiple sensors at the foundation pit construction site, as well as deploying environmental compensation points outside the site. The sensor group accurately covers the construction area, and transmits the on-site vibration signals and environmental compensation signals to the construction platform through the 5G communication network, and performs real-time integration processing. Combining denoising and normalization techniques, a vibration impact data set is constructed. This data collection and integration method ensures that the vibration data at each time point during the construction process has high precision and low interference, laying a solid data foundation for subsequent dynamic analysis, and greatly improving the real-time performance and reliability of the monitoring system.

[0066] (2) This method uses a calculation model based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, and the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, and extracts multidimensional data through an embedded database for real-time analysis. Dynamic calculation based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI can comprehensively evaluate the impact of different vibration sources on foundation pit stability; the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF refines the stress distribution of vibration on the foundation soil; and the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is used as a core indicator to comprehensively analyze the stability status of the foundation pit. When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC value is lower than the safety threshold, the system will generate a first warning message and calculate the monitoring point risk value RIM based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI. The monitoring point risk value RIM is used to locate abnormal areas. This multi-stage evaluation mechanism can not only identify potential high-risk areas, but also provide real-time feedback on the dynamic impact of construction equipment and vibration sources, improve the accuracy and response speed of the warning, and avoid foundation pit instability caused by the accumulation of vibration effects.

[0067] (3) After completing the vibration risk assessment, the construction platform divides the different areas of the foundation pit into secondary risk levels based on the monitoring point risk value RIM and the preset risk threshold R1, and generates a foundation pit visualization grid map by combining the front-end visualization technology with the CAD plan. The system dynamically updates the risk level of each monitoring point and displays it using RGB color coding: the red first-level risk area indicates a high-risk area, prompting immediate suspension of construction and grouting or wall reinforcement; the green second-level risk area indicates a critical risk area, suggesting stopping construction equipment and implementing foundation pit maintenance; the blue third-level risk area indicates a potential risk area, suggesting reducing equipment use and optimizing the construction rhythm. This visual heat map display not only improves construction management efficiency, but also effectively guides on-site personnel to make quick decisions under high-risk conditions, ensuring the safe and orderly progress of the construction process, while reducing economic losses caused by uncontrolled risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a construction site safety monitoring and management method of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a construction site safety monitoring and management system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a construction site safety monitoring and management method. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: comprising the following steps:

[0073] S1. Set up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, install sensor groups at the monitoring points, and set up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. Build a construction platform, connect the sensor groups and environmental compensation points remotely, and transmit the vibration data to the construction platform.

[0074] S2. Receive vibration data in real time on the construction platform, pre-process the vibration data, obtain a vibration impact data set, and simultaneously build an embedded database and store the vibration impact data set in the embedded database;

[0075] S3. Extract the vibration impact data set, calculate and output the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, calculate the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF of the foundation pit based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and then comprehensively calculate the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF to obtain the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC;

[0076] S4. Perform a preliminary assessment based on the output results of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, generate an early warning message. At the same time, combine the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM, and analyze the abnormal monitoring points;

[0077] S5. Perform a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point. Based on the secondary assessment results, the monitoring point is divided into risk levels. At the same time, a visualization interface is constructed to display different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk levels.

[0078] In this embodiment, the method comprehensively covers vibration data both inside and outside the site, starting with on-site monitoring points and environmental compensation points. Based on real-time data collection from a sensor array, the method then transmits the data in real time to the construction platform via 5G communication technology. Within the construction platform, the vibration data is preprocessed and standardized to generate a vibration impact dataset, which is then structured and stored via an embedded database. This systematic data processing approach ensures high-quality data input and avoids monitoring errors caused by noise and data loss in traditional methods. By extracting the vibration impact dataset, the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index (MVTI), the foundation pit stress distribution value (GSF), and the foundation pit stability coefficient (GSC) are calculated, dynamically reflecting the comprehensive impact of vibration on the foundation pit and the real-time stability status of the foundation. When the foundation pit stability coefficient (GSC) is abnormal, the system automatically generates an early warning message and locates high-risk areas through further calculation of the monitoring point risk value (RIM). Furthermore, a secondary risk assessment is performed by comparing the monitoring point risk value (RIM) with the preset risk threshold (R1), forming a refined risk level classification, which is intuitively displayed in the form of a heat map on the construction platform's visual interface. RGB codes of different colors are used to mark the risk area levels, prompting on-site personnel to take measures such as emergency reinforcement, equipment shutdown, or optimization of construction rhythm from high to low. The implementation of this method not only realizes the all-round monitoring and dynamic evaluation of the vibration impact on the foundation pit construction site, but also greatly improves the safety management level and decision-making efficiency of the construction site through intelligent early warning and risk visualization. Its beneficial effects are reflected in many aspects: first, accurate identification of high-risk areas and effective avoidance of construction accidents; second, by optimizing the construction rhythm, the continuous impact of equipment operation on the foundation is reduced; third, the risk management results are clearly presented through a visual interface, shortening the response time from data analysis to decision execution. The overall effect significantly improves the construction safety, controllability and construction efficiency in complex vibration environments, providing reliable technical support for high-risk foundation pit projects.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] This embodiment is explained in Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: S1 includes S11 and S12;

[0081] S11. A plurality of monitoring points are arranged at intervals of 10 meters by 10 meters at the foundation pit construction site to generate a grid of monitoring points. A sensor group is installed at each monitoring point to collect real-time on-site vibration data of the vibration source during the foundation pit construction process.

[0082] At the same time, environmental compensation points are set up outside the foundation pit construction site to collect real-time off-site vibration data of the foundation pit construction site and vibration sources, and the on-site vibration data and off-site vibration data are integrated to obtain vibration data;

[0083] Vibration data includes acceleration component a, construction site vibration signal, natural acceleration component a z and foundation pit stress signals;

[0084] The sensor group includes a triaxial vibration acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor and a ground stress sensor;

[0085] The triaxial vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the foundation pit construction site and near the construction equipment, covering the foundation pit construction site, and installing a vibration sensor in each grid;

[0086] The ground stress sensor is installed by embedding at the bottom and side wall of the foundation pit;

[0087] Environmental compensation points are set up outside the construction site with a number of triaxial vibration acceleration sensors to collect the natural acceleration component a of the natural background. z ;

[0088] S12. Build a construction platform and install communication modules on the sensor group and environmental compensation points. Remotely connect the construction platform with the communication modules installed on the sensor group and environmental compensation points by setting up a 5G communication network, and transmit the vibration data collected in real time to the construction platform.

[0089] In this embodiment, the method ensures the comprehensive collection and effective integration of vibration data by rationally arranging grid-type monitoring points and environmental compensation points at the foundation pit construction site. The monitoring points are arranged at a grid spacing of 10 meters × 10 meters, and a sensor group is installed at each monitoring point to cover the core position of the foundation pit construction area. At the same time, ground stress sensors are buried at the bottom and side walls of the foundation pit to accurately capture the vibration effects near the construction equipment and inside the soil. In addition, the environmental compensation points are set up outside the construction site to collect the natural acceleration component a z , effectively eliminating the natural vibration interference of the background environment, making the vibration data purer. Ultimately, on-site vibration data and off-site environmental compensation data were integrated into a complete vibration dataset, providing the foundation for subsequent dynamic analysis. By building a construction platform and installing a communication module, relying on the 5G communication network, real-time data collected by the sensor group and environmental compensation points was transmitted to the construction platform, achieving remote and efficient data transmission. The platform's centralized management significantly improved data collection and processing efficiency, providing technical support for subsequent vibration analysis, risk assessment, and dynamic display.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] This embodiment is explained in Example 2, please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S2 includes S21 and S22;

[0092] S21. Receive vibration data in real time on the construction platform, label the vibration data collected by sensors at the same monitoring point with the same ID code, preprocess the vibration data to obtain a standardized data set, the preprocessing method includes denoising and normalization, and then perform computational processing on the standardized data set to obtain a vibration impact data set;

[0093] The vibration impact data set includes vibration intensity VI, vibration frequency VF, ground stress GS and environmental interference compensation coefficient EC;

[0094] The Vibration Intensity VI calculates the RMS value by summing the squares of the acceleration component a. The specific algorithm is: Where n represents the number of acceleration components a collected in the time series, ai represents the acceleration of the i-th vibration source, that is, the acceleration component collected by the i-th sensor;

[0095] The vibration frequency VF is obtained by using a vibration sensor to collect the vibration signal of the construction site, converting it into a frequency domain signal through the FFT algorithm, and extracting the frequency corresponding to the amplitude from the frequency domain signal as the main frequency component;

[0096] The ground stress GS is obtained by denoising and normalizing the foundation pit stress signal collected by the ground stress sensor, and extracting the mean stress signal.

[0097] The environmental interference compensation coefficient EC is obtained by collecting the natural acceleration component a z The natural background vibration intensity VItotal is calculated using the vibration intensity VI algorithm formula, and then compared with the vibration intensity VI at the construction site. The specific algorithm formula is:

[0098] S22. An embedded database is constructed in the construction platform, and several data storage tables are set for the embedded database. Each data storage table corresponds to an ID code, and the vibration impact data set is stored in the data storage table corresponding to the embedded database according to the ID code.

[0099] In this embodiment, the method labels data collected by multiple sensors at the same monitoring point with the same ID code, facilitating subsequent data correlation and analysis. The vibration data is then preprocessed, including denoising and normalization, to eliminate data interference and improve computational efficiency. Through this process, a vibration impact dataset is successfully constructed. The vibration intensity (VI) is calculated by taking the root mean square (RMS) value of the acceleration component, while the vibration frequency (VF) is extracted using the FFT algorithm to extract the dominant frequency component. The ground stress (GS) is calculated based on denoising and averaging the sensor signals, and the environmental interference compensation coefficient (EC) is calculated by comparing natural background vibration with on-site vibration. Next, an embedded database is constructed within the construction platform, and corresponding data storage tables are created based on the data source ID code, enabling efficient data storage and management. Each data storage table corresponds to all vibration impact data for a monitoring point, forming a structured data repository. This database design not only supports real-time data updates but also provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent analysis and evaluation. Through the above implementation, standardized processing and efficient storage and management of vibration data are achieved, significantly improving the accuracy, traceability, and analytical efficiency of construction monitoring data. The beneficial effects are reflected in three aspects: first, data preprocessing improves the purity and information quality of vibration signals, laying a solid foundation for subsequent evaluation; second, the introduction of embedded databases realizes modular storage and rapid retrieval of data, enhancing the operating efficiency of the system; third, the construction of multi-dimensional vibration impact data provides comprehensive basic support for risk assessment and dynamic monitoring of construction sites.

[0100] Example 4

[0101] This embodiment is explained in Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S3 includes S31, S32 and S33;

[0102] S31. Extract the vibration impact data set with the same ID code from the embedded database, perform comprehensive calculation to output the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and comprehensively analyze the impact of vibration sources in different grid monitoring systems on the foundation pit.

[0103] S32. Based on the comprehensive impact index MVTI and the ground stress GS, calculate and output the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, and the dynamic distribution of vibration on foundation stress;

[0104] The foundation pit stress distribution value GSF is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0105] GSF=GS baseline +κ·MVTI·(1-δ·d 2 );

[0106] Where, represents the natural stress state of the foundation soil before construction, κ represents the influencing factor of the ground stress change caused by vibration, d represents the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measurement point, which is obtained by calculating the grid distance, and δ represents the vibration attenuation factor.

[0107] S33. Based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, a comprehensive calculation is performed to output the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the ground stress state, vibration impact, and bearing capacity of the foundation at the current foundation pit construction site;

[0108] The foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0109]

[0110] Where, GS threshold It represents the safety threshold of foundation bearing capacity, which is determined by standard geotechnical tests. η represents the weighted influence factor of vibration on foundation stress.

[0111] In this embodiment, the method realizes the comprehensive calculation and in-depth analysis of multi-source data by extracting the vibration impact data set marked with the same ID code in the same monitoring point through the use of an embedded database. First, the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI is calculated by a formula to quantitatively evaluate the impact of different vibration sources on the foundation pit. Then, based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the ground stress GS, the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF is calculated to dynamically reflect the stress effect of vibration on the foundation soil and its distribution law. Finally, the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is comprehensively calculated by combining the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF. The overall stability of the foundation pit is quantitatively analyzed by the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, and the bearing capacity of the current foundation and the comprehensive impact of vibration on ground stress are evaluated. Through the above steps, the purpose of multi-dimensional dynamic analysis of the vibration impact on the foundation pit construction site and comprehensive stability evaluation is achieved. Its beneficial effects are mainly reflected in: First, the introduction of the multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI realizes the quantitative analysis of the comprehensive influence of multiple vibration sources and improves the accuracy of vibration assessment; second, the calculation of the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF refines the stress distribution inside the foundation pit and provides data support for the accurate identification of stress concentration areas; third, the output of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC provides a reliable basis for the comprehensive assessment of foundation pit stability and provides scientific guidance for risk warning and construction optimization.

[0112] Example 5

[0113] This embodiment is explained in Example 4. Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: S4 includes S41 and S42;

[0114] S41. Based on the output of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, a preliminary assessment is conducted, and warning information is generated based on the preliminary assessment results to analyze the stability of the foundation pit under the influence of external vibration forces. The specific assessment contents are as follows;

[0115] When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC ≥ 1, it indicates that the current foundation pit stability is normal and can withstand the impact of current vibration and construction activities. At this time, construction can continue as planned without intervention.

[0116] When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is less than 1, it indicates that the current foundation pit stability is abnormal, and the first warning information is generated at this time.

[0117] S42. When the foundation pit stability is abnormal after preliminary assessment, the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI of the grid monitoring point is used to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM, and trace the abnormal vibration conditions at different locations of the foundation pit construction site;

[0118] The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula;

[0119]

[0120] Where R represents the vibration propagation radius, ρ0 represents the initial soil density near the vibration source, γ represents the soil density attenuation coefficient, β represents the spatial attenuation factor of vibration energy propagation, z represents the depth, which reflects the vertical propagation characteristics of vibration energy, λ represents the vibration attenuation factor with depth z, and Dd represents the integral variable of the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measuring point.

[0121] In this embodiment, the method evaluates the overall stability of the foundation pit based on the output of the pit stability coefficient (GSC). When GSC ≥ 1, the pit can withstand vibration and construction impacts, and construction can proceed as planned. When GSC < 1, the system identifies an abnormality in the pit stability and generates a first warning message, prompting construction personnel to immediately pay attention to potential risk areas. Subsequently, based on the abnormality in the pit stability coefficient (GSC), the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index (MVTI) of the monitoring point is used to further calculate the risk value (RIM) of the monitoring point. Tracing the source analysis to determine the location and impact range of the vibration anomaly provides a scientific basis for accurately locating high-risk areas. Through this implementation method, the goal of real-time identification of foundation pit anomalies and precise tracing of risk locations is achieved. Its beneficial effects are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the GSC-based assessment provides dynamic safety judgment for construction activities, avoiding the accumulation of potential instability risks; second, through RIM traceability analysis, abnormal areas and their risk levels can be intuitively located, providing construction personnel with clear intervention guidance; third, the distribution characteristics of vibration impacts are refined and quantified, helping construction parties optimize the layout of vibration sources and construction plans, and reducing vibration loads in high-risk areas.

[0122] Example 6

[0123] This embodiment is explained in Example 5, please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: S5 includes S51 and S52;

[0124] S51. A risk threshold R1 is set based on the upper limit of the vibration bearing capacity of the foundation pit soil. The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is then re-evaluated with the risk threshold R1 to analyze the foundation pit risk of the current monitoring point and classify it into levels. The specific evaluation contents are as follows;

[0125] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is ≥ twice the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a first-level risk area;

[0126] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is greater than the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a secondary risk area;

[0127] When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is less than or equal to the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a level 3 risk area;

[0128] Among them, the first-level risk area> the second-level risk area> the third-level risk area,

[0129] S52. Construct a visualization interface in the construction platform using front-end and back-end technologies, draw a plan of the foundation pit construction site using CAD software, embed the gridded monitoring points into the plan of the foundation pit construction site, and generate a visualization grid map of the foundation pit. Simultaneously, construct a prompt bar on the visualization interface using front-end technology. When a preliminary assessment generates a first warning message, the prompt bar indicates that an abnormality exists in the foundation pit in the current monitoring point area, and collects and maintains the current foundation pit area accordingly.

[0130] After a second evaluation, based on the graded classification, the relevant color RGB values ​​are generated on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0131] The specific generated content is as follows;

[0132] When the current monitoring point is classified as a first-level risk area, the RGB value of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to red RGB (255, 0, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0133] When the current monitoring point is divided into the secondary risk area, the RGB value of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to green RGB (0, 255, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0134] When the current monitoring point is classified as a first-level risk area, the RGB value of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to blue RGB (0, 0, 255) on the foundation pit visualization grid map;

[0135] Among them, red RGB (255,0,0) indicates a high-risk area, where there is a risk of foundation pit collapse. At this time, relevant personnel are prompted to stop construction equipment in the current monitoring point area and evacuate immediately. At the same time, grouting or retaining wall pile construction is immediately carried out in the current foundation pit.

[0136] Green RGB (0, 255, 0) indicates a medium-risk area. There is a critical risk in the foundation pit. At this time, the relevant staff is prompted to stop the construction equipment in the current monitoring point area and immediately maintain the foundation pit in the current monitoring point area.

[0137] Blue RGB (0, 0, 255) indicates a low-risk area, where there is a potential risk in the foundation pit. In this case, the relevant staff are prompted to reduce the number of construction equipment in the current area and adopt alternating construction to optimize the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI in the current area.

[0138] In this embodiment, the method realizes the secondary assessment and hierarchical management of the risk value RIM of the monitoring point by setting the risk threshold R1R1R1 based on the upper limit of the vibration bearing capacity of the foundation pit soil. The risk level of the monitoring point is divided into three levels: when the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is ≥ twice the risk threshold R1, it is marked as a first-level risk area, red, indicating the risk of collapse and immediately stopping construction; when the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is greater than the risk threshold R1, it is marked as a second-level risk area, green, indicating critical risk and implementing maintenance; when the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is ≤ the risk threshold R1, it is marked as a third-level risk area, blue, indicating potential risks and optimizing the construction rhythm. This multi-level risk division method effectively refines the risk control of different areas through scientific threshold setting. In terms of visualization, the construction site plan is drawn through the construction platform combined with CAD software to generate a foundation pit visualization grid map embedded in the grid. The construction platform dynamically displays the risk level of each monitoring point through the linkage of front-end and back-end technologies, and updates it in real time with RGB color coding: red indicates that high-risk areas require urgent reinforcement; green indicates that medium-risk areas require construction to be stopped and maintenance to be carried out; blue indicates that low-risk areas require reduced equipment use and optimized vibration intensity. The visualization interface also integrates a prompt bar function. When the first warning information is generated, the platform will automatically prompt the specific abnormal area to assist construction personnel in responding quickly. Through the above implementation methods, the purpose of accurately assessing the risk level of the foundation pit and visually displaying the risk area in real time is achieved. Its beneficial effects are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, through scientific hierarchical management, targeted intervention measures are taken for high, medium and low risk areas, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of risk control; second, through visualization technology, complex monitoring data is presented in the form of intuitive heat maps, shortening the time from data analysis to on-site response; third, through dynamic prompts and color coding, construction scheduling is optimized, reducing the possibility of safety accidents caused by regional risk out of control.

[0139] Example 7

[0140] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a construction site safety monitoring and management system, including a multi-point acquisition module, a data processing module, a foundation pit stability analysis module, a monitoring point anomaly analysis module and a visual thermal distribution module;

[0141] The multi-point acquisition module sets up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, installs sensor groups at the monitoring points, and sets up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. It then establishes a remote connection between the construction platform, the sensor groups, and the environmental compensation points to transmit the vibration data to the construction platform.

[0142] The data processing module receives vibration data in real time on the construction platform, pre-processes the vibration data, obtains the vibration impact data set, and builds an embedded database to store the vibration impact data set in the embedded database;

[0143] The foundation pit stability analysis module extracts the vibration impact data set, calculates and outputs the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and calculates the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI. The multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF are then comprehensively calculated to obtain the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC.

[0144] The monitoring point anomaly analysis module performs a preliminary assessment based on the output results of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, an early warning message is generated. At the same time, combined with the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is calculated and output, and the abnormal monitoring point is analyzed;

[0145] The visualization thermal distribution module performs a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point. Based on the secondary assessment results, the monitoring point is divided into risk levels. At the same time, a visualization interface is constructed to display different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk levels.

[0146] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A construction site safety monitoring and management method, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Set up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, install sensor groups at the monitoring points, and set up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. Then build a construction platform, connect it to the sensor groups and environmental compensation points, and remotely transmit the vibration data to the construction platform. S2. Receiving vibration data in real time on the construction platform, preprocessing the vibration data to obtain a vibration impact data set, and simultaneously constructing an embedded database, storing the vibration impact data set in the embedded database; S3, extracting the vibration impact data set, calculating and outputting a multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and calculating a foundation pit stress distribution value GSF of the foundation pit based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and then comprehensively calculating the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF to obtain a foundation pit stability coefficient GSC; Based on the comprehensive impact index MVTI and the ground stress GS, the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF is calculated and output, which is the dynamic distribution of vibration on foundation stress; The foundation pit stress distribution value GSF is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula: GSF=GS+κ MVTI (1-δ d 2 ); Where κ represents the influence factor of ground stress change caused by vibration, d represents the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measurement point, and δ represents the vibration attenuation factor; Based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive influence index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF, a comprehensive calculation is performed to output the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC; The foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula: Where, GS threshold represents the safety threshold of foundation bearing capacity, and η represents the weighted influence factor of vibration on foundation stress; S4. Perform a preliminary assessment based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, generate an early warning message. Simultaneously, calculate and output the risk value RIM of the monitoring point in combination with the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and analyze the abnormal monitoring point. S5. Perform a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point. Based on the secondary assessment results, the monitoring point is divided into risk levels. At the same time, a visualization interface is constructed to display different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk levels.

2. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 includes S11 and S12; S11, by laying out a number of monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, the monitoring points are arranged and installed at intervals of 10 meters by 10 meters to generate a grid of monitoring points, and a sensor group is installed at each monitoring point to collect real-time on-site vibration data of the vibration source during the foundation pit construction process; At the same time, environmental compensation points are set up outside the foundation pit construction site to collect real-time off-site vibration data of the foundation pit construction site and the vibration source, and the on-site vibration data and the off-site vibration data are integrated to obtain vibration data; The vibration data includes acceleration component a, construction site vibration signal, natural acceleration component a z and foundation pit stress signals; The sensor group includes a triaxial vibration acceleration sensor, a vibration sensor and a ground stress sensor; The triaxial vibration acceleration sensor is installed in the foundation pit construction site and near the construction equipment, covering the foundation pit construction site, and installing a vibration sensor in each grid; The ground stress sensor is installed by embedding at the bottom and side wall of the foundation pit; The environmental compensation point is to place a number of three-axis vibration acceleration sensors outside the construction site to collect the natural acceleration component a of the natural background. z ; S12. Build a construction platform and install communication modules on the sensor group and environmental compensation points. Remotely connect the construction platform with the communication modules installed on the sensor group and environmental compensation points by setting up a 5G communication network, and transmit the vibration data collected in real time to the construction platform.

3. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Said S2 includes S21 and S22; S21. Receive the vibration data in real time on the construction platform, label the vibration data collected by sensors at the same monitoring point with the same ID code, preprocess the vibration data to obtain a standardized data set, wherein the preprocessing method includes denoising and normalization, and then perform computational processing on the standardized data set to obtain a vibration impact data set; The vibration impact data set includes vibration intensity VI, vibration frequency VF, ground stress GS and environmental interference compensation coefficient EC; The vibration intensity VI is obtained by accumulating the square of the acceleration component a and taking the root mean square value. The specific algorithm formula is: Where n represents the number of acceleration components a collected in the time series, and ai represents the acceleration of the i-th vibration source; The vibration frequency VF is obtained by using a vibration sensor to collect the vibration signal of the construction site, converting it into a frequency domain signal through an FFT algorithm, and extracting the frequency corresponding to the amplitude from the frequency domain signal as the main frequency component; The ground stress GS is obtained by performing denoising and normalization on the foundation pit stress signal collected by the ground stress sensor, and extracting the mean stress signal. The environmental interference compensation coefficient EC is obtained by collecting the natural acceleration component a z Calculate and obtain the natural background vibration intensity VItotal, and then compare it with the vibration intensity VI within the construction site. The specific algorithm formula is: S22, constructing an embedded database in the construction platform, and setting a plurality of data storage tables for the embedded database, wherein the data storage table corresponds to an ID code, and storing the vibration impact data set into the data storage table corresponding to the embedded database according to the ID code.

4. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Said S3 includes S31; S31. Extract the vibration impact data set with the same ID code from the embedded database, perform comprehensive calculation to output the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and comprehensively analyze the impact of vibration sources in different grid monitoring systems on the foundation pit.

5. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S4 includes S41 and S42; S41. Based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC, a preliminary assessment is performed, and warning information is generated based on the preliminary assessment result to analyze the stability of the foundation pit under the influence of external vibration forces. The specific assessment contents are as follows; When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC ≥ 1, it means that the current foundation pit stability is normal and construction can continue as planned without intervention; When the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC is less than 1, it indicates that the current foundation pit stability is abnormal, and the first warning information is generated at this time.

6. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 5, characterized in that: S42. When the foundation pit stability is abnormal after preliminary assessment, the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI of the grid monitoring point is used to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM, and trace the abnormal vibration conditions at different locations of the foundation pit construction site; The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is calculated and output by the following algorithm formula; Where R represents the vibration propagation radius, ρ0 represents the initial soil density near the vibration source, γ represents the soil density attenuation coefficient, β represents the spatial attenuation factor of vibration energy propagation, z represents the depth, λ represents the vibration attenuation factor with depth z, and Dd represents the integral variable of the distance from the vibration source to the ground stress measuring point.

7. A construction site safety monitoring and management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Said S5 includes S51 and S52; S51. A risk threshold R1 is set based on the upper limit of the vibration bearing capacity of the foundation pit soil. The risk value RIM of the monitoring point is then re-evaluated with the risk threshold R1 to analyze the foundation pit risk of the current monitoring point and classify it into levels. The specific evaluation contents are as follows; When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is ≥ twice the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a first-level risk area; When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is greater than the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a secondary risk area; When the risk value RIM of the monitoring point is less than or equal to the risk threshold R1, the current monitoring point is marked as a level 3 risk area; Among them, the first-level risk area> the second-level risk area> the third-level risk area, S52. Construct a visualization interface in the construction platform using front-end and back-end technologies, draw a plan of the foundation pit construction site using CAD software, embed the gridded monitoring points into the plan of the foundation pit construction site, and generate a visualization grid map of the foundation pit. Simultaneously, construct a prompt bar on the visualization interface using front-end technology. When a preliminary assessment generates a first warning message, the prompt bar indicates that an abnormality exists in the foundation pit in the current monitoring point area, and collects and maintains the current foundation pit area accordingly. After a second evaluation, the relevant color RGB values ​​are generated on the foundation pit visualization grid map based on the divided grades; The specific generated content is as follows; When the current monitoring point is classified as a first-level risk area, the RGB value of the color of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (255, 0, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map; When the current monitoring point is divided into the secondary risk area, the RGB value of the color of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (0, 255, 0) on the foundation pit visualization grid map; When the current monitoring point is divided into a first-level risk area, the color RGB value of the current monitoring point is automatically updated to RGB (0, 0, 255) on the foundation pit visualization grid map.

8. A construction site safety monitoring and management system, applied to a construction site safety monitoring and management method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes multi-point acquisition module, data processing module, foundation pit stability analysis module, monitoring point anomaly analysis module and visual thermal distribution module; The multi-point acquisition module sets up several monitoring points at the foundation pit construction site, installs sensor groups in the monitoring points, and sets up environmental compensation points around the construction site to collect vibration data from the foundation pit construction site in real time. The construction platform is remotely connected to the sensor groups and environmental compensation points to transmit the vibration data to the construction platform. The data processing module receives vibration data in real time on the construction platform, pre-processes the vibration data, obtains a vibration impact data set, and constructs an embedded database, and stores the vibration impact data set in the embedded database; The foundation pit stability analysis module extracts the vibration impact data set, calculates and outputs a multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, calculates the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF of the foundation pit based on the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI, and then comprehensively calculates the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI and the foundation pit stress distribution value GSF to obtain the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC; The monitoring point abnormality analysis module performs a preliminary assessment based on the output result of the foundation pit stability coefficient GSC. If the preliminary assessment shows that the foundation pit stability is abnormal, an early warning message is generated. At the same time, the module combines the multi-source vibration comprehensive impact index MVTI to calculate and output the monitoring point risk value RIM and analyze the abnormal monitoring point. The thermal distribution visualization module performs a secondary assessment based on the preset risk threshold R1 and the acquired risk value RIM of the monitoring point, divides the risk level of the monitoring point based on the secondary assessment result, and constructs a visualization interface at the same time, and displays different color RGB values ​​on the visualization interface based on the divided risk level.

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