Mixed layer number winding structure, stator assembly and motor

Abstract

The invention relates to a mixed layer number winding structure, a stator assembly and a motor, the number of poles of the stator assembly is 2p, an iron core part is provided with Z stator slots at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and Z is equal to 18p; every three stator slots form a group, the two stator slots at two sides are sequentially provided with first, second,... (m + 1) th slot layers, the stator slot at the middle position is sequentially provided with first, second,..., m th slot layers, and m is an even number not less than 4; the winding circuit of each phase comprises n winding branches which are connected in parallel, each winding branch comprises a plurality of lap-wound coils, and the lap-wound coils are provided with m / 2 + 1 cross-layer modes. According to the hybrid layer winding structure provided by the invention, the peak power of the motor at a high rotating speed can be improved, the high-efficiency interval area of the motor is increased, and the back electromotive force harmonic proportion is greatly reduced, so that the problem of low power density or low torque density of the motor is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a mixed-layer winding structure, a stator assembly and a motor. Background Art

[0002] Flat wire motors can be used as an important part of the power system of new energy vehicles. Their stator components usually include an iron core and a winding structure wound on the iron core. The winding structure of flat wire motors usually adopts an even-layer winding design. The slot types of several stator slots on the iron core are usually set to be exactly the same and used to arrange the same number of layers of conductors. When current passes through the conductor, it often generates large harmonics and the power matching is poor, which leads to low power density or low torque density of the motor, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, the present application provides a mixed-layer winding structure, a stator assembly and a motor to improve the problem in the prior art that the winding structure adopts an even-number-layer winding design and the slot types of several stator slots are exactly the same, resulting in low power density or low torque density of the motor.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application provides a mixed-layer winding structure, which is used for a stator assembly, the number of poles of the stator assembly is 2p, and the stator assembly also includes an iron core member, and the iron core member is provided with Z stator slots at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, where Z=18p; among the Z stator slots, every 3 stator slots form a group, and in the same group of stator slots, the two stator slots located at the two sides are sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd...(m+1) slot layers, and the stator slot located in the middle position is sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd...m slot layers, where m is an even number not less than 4; the mixed-layer winding structure includes winding circuits for a total of three phases, namely U, V and W, and the winding circuits of the V phase and the W phase are sequentially shifted by Z / 3p from the winding branch of the U phase. and 2Z / 3p stator slots, the winding circuit of each phase is completely wound in the three stator slots constituting the same group, and is evenly spaced by six stator slots; the winding circuit of each phase includes n parallel winding branches, each winding branch includes a plurality of lapped coils, the lapped coils include two lapped effective edges arranged at intervals, and the lapped effective edges are arranged in one of the slot layers of the stator slots; wherein the lapped coils are arranged with m / 2+1 kinds of cross-layer modes: two lapped effective edges span the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two lapped effective edges span the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer...two lapped effective edges span the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two lapped effective edges span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0005] In one embodiment, the lapped coil further includes a lapped welding end and a lapped hairpin end, wherein two lapped welding ends are provided, the two lapped welding ends are provided at the same end of the two lapped effective edges and extend in a direction approaching each other, and the lapped hairpin end connects the other ends of the two lapped effective edges.

[0006] In one embodiment, each winding branch further includes a bridge wire, the bridge wire connecting the two stacked coils, and the two stacked coils connected by the bridge wire have two stacked effective edges spanning the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0007] In one embodiment, the stacked coils in the same cross-layer manner all have the same pitch.

[0008] In one embodiment, Z=54, p=3, m=6, n=2 or 3, the pitches of the three types of stacked coils, namely, two stacked effective sides spanning the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer, two stacked effective sides spanning the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer, and two stacked effective sides spanning the 5th slot layer and the 6th slot layer, are all 9 slots, and the pitch of the stacked coils, namely, two stacked effective sides spanning the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer, is 7 slots.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, when n=2, the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U phase and the line entry position of the second winding branch of the U phase are respectively the 1st slot layer and the 7th slot layer of the same stator slot.

[0010] In one embodiment, when n=2, the first winding branch of the U phase is:

[0011] 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4- 11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1-19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7;

[0012] The second winding branch of the U phase is:

[0013] 1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1-37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3- 48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1.

[0014] In one embodiment, when n=3, the first winding branch of the U phase is:

[0015] 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4-11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1;

[0016] The second winding branch of the U phase is:

[0017] 19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1;

[0018] The third winding branch of the U phase is:

[0019] 37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3-48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a stator assembly, wherein the stator assembly includes any mixed-layer winding structure provided in the present application.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a motor, comprising any one of the stator assemblies provided in the present application.

[0022] The mixed-layer winding structure provided in the present application can improve the peak power of the motor at high speed, increase the high-efficiency range area of ​​the motor, and significantly reduce the proportion of back-electromotive force harmonics, thereby effectively improving the problem of low power density or low torque density of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a mixed-layer winding structure provided in Example 1 of the present application when it is wound on an iron core member;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of winding when the mixed-layer winding structure provided in Example 1 of the present application is 54 slots, 6 poles and 2 branches in parallel;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of winding of the U phase when the mixed-layer winding structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application is 54 slots, 6 poles and 2 branches in parallel;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked coil with a mixed number of winding layers provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bridge wire with a mixed-layer winding structure provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of winding of the U phase when the mixed-layer winding structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application is 54 slots, 6 poles and 3 branches in parallel;

[0029] Figure 7 Output performance comparison diagram of Example 1 and Comparative Example provided for application Example 1 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 The reverse potential spectrum diagram of Example 1 provided for the application of Example 2 of this application;

[0031] Fig. 9 The reverse potential spectrum diagram of the comparative example provided for the application of Example 2 of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 A comparison diagram of the back electromotive force of Example 1 and the comparative example provided for the application of Example 3 of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 A comparison chart of stator transient temperature curves of Example 1 and the comparative example provided for application Example 4 of the present application.

[0034] Figure numerals: 100, lap-wound coil; 110, lap-wound effective edge; 120, lap-wound welding end; 130, lap-wound hairpin end; 200, bridge wire; 210, bridge arc segment; 220, bridge welding end; 300, core piece; 310, stator slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only used to schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present invention.

[0037] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0038] The directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential" and the like in this specification are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a mixed-layer winding structure, such as Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the mixed-layer winding structure is used for a stator assembly, the number of poles of the stator assembly is 2p, and the stator assembly also includes an iron core 300, and the iron core 300 is provided with Z stator slots 310 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, where Z=18p; among the Z stator slots 310, every three consecutive stator slots 310 form a group, and in the same group of stator slots 310, the two stator slots 310 located at the two sides are sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd...(m+1) slot layers, and the stator slot 310 located in the middle is sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd...m slot layers, where m is an even number not less than 4; the mixed-layer winding structure includes winding circuits of three phases, namely, U, V and W, and the winding circuits of the V phase and the W phase are obtained by translating the circuit of the U phase by Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots 310 in sequence, and the winding circuit of each phase They are all completely wound in three stator slots 310 constituting the same group, and are evenly spaced apart by six stator slots 310; the winding circuit of each phase includes n parallel winding branches, wherein n is a natural number not less than 2, and each winding branch includes a plurality of lapped coils 100, and the lapped coils 100 include two lapped effective edges 110 arranged at intervals, and the lapped effective edges 110 are arranged in one of the slot layers of the stator slots 310; wherein the lapped coils 100 are arranged with m / 2+1 kinds of cross-layer modes: two lapped effective edges 110 span the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two lapped effective edges 110 span the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer... two lapped effective edges 110 span the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two lapped effective edges 110 span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplarily explained that the stator assembly may include a core piece 300 and a winding structure wound on the core piece 300. The core piece 300 may include a plurality of stator punchings, and the plurality of stator punchings may be prepared by stacking. The core piece 300 may be cylindrical and may be hollow, and its inner side may be provided with Z stator slots 310 at equal intervals along its circumference, and the winding structure is at least partially wound in the stator slot 310; wherein Z=18p, p is the number of pole pairs of the stator assembly, that is, the number of poles of the stator assembly is 2p. According to the distribution position of the winding structure in the stator slot 310, the stator slot 310 may be divided into a plurality of slot layers along the radial direction of the core piece 300. The stator slot 310 in this embodiment has two numbers of slot layers, namely, m layers and m+1 layers, wherein m is an even number not less than 4. From inside to outside along the radial direction of the core member 300, the first slot layer, the second slot layer, ... the mth or m+1th slot layer can be arranged in sequence. Among the Z stator slots 310, every three consecutive stator slots 310 can be arranged as a group. In the same group of stator slots 310, the number of slot layers of the two stator slots 310 located at the two sides is m+1, and the number of slot layers of the stator slot 310 located in the middle is m.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the stator assembly can be applied to a three-phase motor, and the three phases of the stator assembly can be U phase, V phase and W phase, respectively, wherein the marks "U", "V" and "W" are only for the convenience of describing the three phases of the stator assembly, and are not used to limit them. In some embodiments, other marks can also be used to represent the three phases of the stator assembly. Correspondingly, the winding structure includes winding circuits of three phases, namely, winding circuits of three phases in total, namely, U phase, V phase and W phase. For any phase, its winding circuit is completely arranged in the three stator slots 310 constituting the same group, that is, any winding circuit will occupy all slot layers of three consecutive stator slots 310 when winding; at the same time, its winding circuit is evenly spaced 6 stator slots 310. In order to ensure the balance of the three phases, the winding circuits of the V phase and the W phase can be obtained by translating the winding circuit of the U phase by Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots 310 in sequence. Since Z=18p, the winding branches of the V phase and the W phase can be obtained by sequentially shifting the winding branch of the U phase by 6 and 12 stator slots 310. It is not difficult to see that under this winding rule, the continuous 9 stator slots 310 can form three groups, and the winding lines of the three phases sequentially occupy all slot layers of the three groups of stator slots 310.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the winding circuit of each phase may include n parallel winding branches, where n is a natural number not less than 2. For any winding branch, it includes a plurality of lapped coils 100. The lapped coil 100 is shaped like a "U", so it can be called an Up in line, which includes two lapped effective edges 110 arranged at intervals, and the two lapped effective edges 110 are respectively arranged in two stator slots 310, and the lapped effective edges 110 are located in one of the slot layers of the stator slot 310 when arranged.

[0044] In this embodiment, the two lapped effective sides 110 of the lapped coil 100 cross layers in a specified manner. In detail, there are m / 2+1 ways for the lapped coil 100 to cross layers, including two lapped effective sides 110 crossing the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two lapped effective sides 110 crossing the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer... two lapped effective sides 110 crossing the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two lapped effective sides 110 crossing the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer. For example, if m=6, there are 4 ways for the lapped coil 100 to cross layers: crossing the first slot layer and the second slot layer, crossing the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, crossing the fifth slot layer and the sixth slot layer, and crossing the seventh slot layer and the seventh slot layer.

[0045] It is not difficult to understand that, since the stator slot 310 is a mixed number of m layers and m+1 layers, when the winding structure of the present application is wound, it forms a mixed number of odd and even layers of winding structure, and the number of layers is not less than 4. It has been verified that compared with the winding structure of even layers with exactly the same slot type of the stator slot 310, the mixed number of layers of winding structure provided by the present application can improve the peak power of the motor at high speed, increase the high efficiency range area of ​​the motor, and significantly reduce the proportion of back electromotive force harmonics, thereby effectively improving the problem of low power density or low torque density of the motor.

[0046] Specifically, the lapped coil 100 also includes a lapped welding end 120 and a lapped hairpin end 130. Two lapped welding ends 120 are provided. The two lapped welding ends 120 are provided at the same end of the two lapped effective edges 110 and extend in a direction approaching each other. The lapped hairpin end 130 connects the other ends of the two lapped effective edges 110.

[0047] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplified that the lapped coil 100 can be prepared in an integrated manner, and can be made of a flat conductor, specifically an enameled wire, and the conductor material in the enameled wire can be a copper wire. In addition to two lapped effective edges 110, the lapped coil 100 also includes two lapped welding ends 120 and a lapped hairpin end 130. The two lapped welding ends 120 can be respectively arranged at the same end of the two lapped effective edges 110, and the two lapped welding ends 120 can be inclined and extended in a direction close to each other to form a gathered shape. A lapped hairpin end 130 can be arranged between the other ends of the two lapped effective edges 110, and can be specifically arranged in a shape similar to a "V", and the tip of the "V" shape can be facing away from the stator core. When two lapped coils 100 are connected, the two lapped coils 100 are connected respectively through one of their lapped welding ends 120, and the two lapped welding ends 120 can be connected in a welding fixed manner.

[0048] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, by reasonably arranging the structure of the stacked coil 100 , it is convenient to stack a plurality of stacked coils 100 to obtain a winding structure with a desired number of mixed layers.

[0049] More specifically, each winding branch further includes a bridge wire 200, which connects two stacked coils 100, and the two stacked coils 100 connected by the bridge wire 200 have two stacked effective edges 110 that span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplarily explained that the bridge wire 200 can be used to connect two stacked coils 100 across a number of stator slots 310 according to actual needs, and it can include a bridge arc segment 210 and a bridge welding end 220, wherein the bridge welding end 220 can be set to two, and the bridge arc segment 210 connects the two bridge welding ends 220. Similarly, the bridge wire 200 can also be prepared in an integrated manner, and the material can be the same as that of the stacked coil 100. The bridge wire 200 can be set close to the stacked welding end 120 of the stacked coil 100. When it connects two stacked coils 100, its two bridge welding ends 220 can be respectively connected to one stacked welding end 120 of one stacked coil 100, and the connection method can still be welding fixation. When m is an even number, the bridge line 200 can be used to connect two stacked coils 100 in which two stacked effective sides 110 span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0051] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, by setting the bridge wire 200, it is convenient for the stacked coils 100 with two effective sides 110 spanning the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer in each winding branch to be connected across a number of stator slots 310 according to actual needs, so as to obtain a winding structure with the required number of mixed layers.

[0052] More specifically, the stacked coils 100 in the same cross-layer manner all have the same pitch.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of stator slots 310 spaced between two effective sides of the stacked coil 100 is exemplarily described, that is, the pitch of the stacked coil 100. The stacked coils 100 using the same cross-layer method can all use the same pitch, which can be defined as the same line type of the stacked coils 100. For example, when m=6, the pitch of the stacked coils 100 across the first slot layer and the second slot layer can be set to 9 slots, which is the first line type of the stacked coil 100; the pitch of the stacked coils 100 across the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer can be set to 9 slots, which is the second line type of the stacked coil 100; the pitch of the stacked coils 100 across the fifth slot layer and the sixth slot layer can be set to 9 slots, which is the third line type of the stacked coil 100; and the pitch of the stacked coils 100 across the seventh slot layer and the seventh slot layer can be set to 7 slots, which is the fourth line type of the stacked coil 100. It should be noted that when any of the cross-layer modes or pitches of the two stacked coils 100 are different, they should be of different line types. It is not difficult to understand that the present embodiment adopts the above-mentioned setting mode, which can simplify the line types of the stacked coils 100, thereby making the winding structure less prone to errors during the winding process, and at the same time can improve the winding efficiency of the winding structure.

[0054] More specifically, Z=54, p=3, m=6, n=2 or 3, the pitches of the three types of stacked coils 100, namely, two stacked effective edges 110 spanning the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer, two stacked effective edges 110 spanning the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer, and two stacked effective edges 110 spanning the 5th slot layer and the 6th slot layer, are all 9 slots, and the pitch of the stacked coil 100, namely, two stacked effective edges 110 spanning the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer, is 7 slots.

[0055] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplarily explained that this embodiment takes a three-phase winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles and 2 branches in parallel, or a three-phase winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles and 3 branches in parallel as an example. In these two winding structures, the lapped coil 100 is provided with 4 line types. Among them, the lapped coil 100 with a pitch of 9 slots and two lapped effective sides 110 spanning the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer is the first line type, the lapped coil 100 with a pitch of 9 slots and two lapped effective sides 110 spanning the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer is the second line type, the lapped coil 100 with a pitch of 9 slots and two lapped effective sides 110 spanning the 5th slot layer and the 6th slot layer is the third line type, and the lapped coil 100 with a pitch of 7 slots and two lapped effective sides 110 spanning the 7th slot layer and the 7th slot layer is the fourth line type.

[0056] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, by reasonably setting the pitch and the cross-layer mode of the stacked coil 100, it is convenient to wind a three-phase winding structure with 54 slots, 6 poles and multiple branches in parallel.

[0057] More specifically, when n=2, the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U-phase and the line entry position of the second winding branch of the U-phase are respectively the 1st slot layer and the 7th slot layer of the same stator slot 310, and the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U-phase and the line exit position of the second winding branch of the U-phase are respectively the 1st slot layer and the 7th slot layer of another stator slot 310.

[0058] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplarily explained that when the winding structure is 54 slots, 6 poles and 2 branches in parallel, the two winding branches can be wired in the same stator slot 310, and the wire-entry positions are respectively the innermost and outermost layers of the stator slot 310, that is, the 1st slot layer and the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310. At the same time, the two winding branches can be wired in the same stator slot 310, and the wire-entry positions are respectively the 1st slot layer and the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310. It is not difficult to understand that under this structure, the winding structure also has the characteristics of centralized inlet and outlet lines, and it is more convenient to introduce and lead out the winding lines of the three phases later, that is, to prepare a busbar assembly composed of phase copper bars and / or star point copper bars.

[0059] More specifically, when n=2, the first winding branch of phase U is:

[0060] 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4- 11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1-19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7;

[0061] The second winding branch of phase U is:

[0062] 1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1-37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3- 48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1.

[0063] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, 54 conductor slots can be exemplarily represented by serial numbers "1"-"54", and the serial numbers "1"-"54" are only for the convenience of describing the 54 conductor slots, and are not used to limit them.

[0064] Take the first winding branch of the U phase as an example. The line corresponding to "1.1-10.2" is the first lapped coil 100, and its two lapped effective sides 110 are respectively wound on the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "1" and the second slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "10", and the pitch is 9 slots; at the same time, it represents that the first winding branch of the U phase enters the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "1", referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3The subsequent winding lines are similar, where the lines corresponding to "3.7-10.7" and "19.7-12.7" are both stacked coils 100 spanning the 7th slot layer and the 7th slot layer, the pitch of the two stacked coils 100 is 7 slots, and they are connected by a bridge wire 200, and the two bridge welding sections of the bridge wire 200 are connected between the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "10" and the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "12". The line corresponding to "21.7-28.7" is the last lapped coil 100, and its two lapped effective sides 110 are respectively wound on the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "21" and the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "28", and the pitch is 7 slots; at the same time, it represents that the first winding branch of the U phase is connected to the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "28", as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 X1 in.

[0065] The second winding branch of the U phase is similar. The line corresponding to "1.7-48.7" is the first lapped coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots. At the same time, it represents that the second winding branch of the U phase enters the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "1", as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The line corresponding to "37.2-28.1" is the last stacked coil 100, whose pitch is 7 slots; at the same time, it represents that the second winding branch of the U phase is connected to the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "28", as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It is not difficult to see that the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U phase and the line entry position of the second winding branch of the U phase are the first slot layer and the seventh slot layer of the stator slot 310 numbered "1" respectively; the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U phase and the line exit position of the second winding branch of the U phase are the seventh slot layer and the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 numbered "28" respectively.

[0066] The winding lines of the V phase and the W phase can be shifted by 6 and 12 stator slots 310 in the direction of increasing number of stator slots 310 from the winding line of the U phase. Based on this, the entry positions of the two winding branches of the V phase are 7.1 and 7.7 respectively. Figure 2 V1 and V2 in the figure; the outlet positions of the two winding branches of phase V are 34.7 and 34.1 respectively, refer to Figure 2 The two winding branches of phase W have their entry positions at 13.1 and 13.7 respectively. Figure 2 W1 and W2 in the figure; the outlet positions of the two winding branches of phase W are 40.7 and 40.1 respectively, refer to Figure 2 Z1 and Z2 in .

[0067] In this embodiment, the mixed layer winding structure may also include phase copper bars and star point copper bars, wherein the phase copper bars correspond to the three phases of the stator assembly one by one, that is, three are provided. Any phase copper bar is connected to the incoming line positions of the n winding branches of the corresponding phase, for example, in the aforementioned embodiment, the phase copper bar corresponding to U is connected to U1 and U2. The star point copper bar may be provided to be only one, which is connected to the outgoing line positions of the 3n winding branches of the three phases, that is, the star point copper bar is connected to X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1 and Z2.

[0068] Of course, in some embodiments, the star point copper bar may also correspond to the number of parallel winding branches of any phase, that is, set to n. Any star point copper bar is connected to the outlet positions of the corresponding winding branches of the three phases. For example, in the above embodiment, the star point copper bar corresponding to the first winding branch is connected to U1, V1 and W1.

[0069] More specifically, when n=3, the first winding branch of phase U is:

[0070] 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4-11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1;

[0071] The second winding branch of phase U is:

[0072] 19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1;

[0073] The third winding branch of phase U is:

[0074] 37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3-48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, it is exemplarily explained that, similarly, in the first winding branch of the U phase, the line corresponding to "1.1-10.2" is the first stacked coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots; at the same time, it represents that the first winding branch of the U phase enters the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "1", referring to Figure 6 U1 in the figure. The lines corresponding to "3.7-10.7" and "19.7-12.7" are both stacked coils 100 that span the 7th slot layer and the 7th slot layer. The pitch of the two stacked coils 100 is 7 slots and they are connected by a bridge line 200. The two bridge welding sections of the bridge line 200 are connected between the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "10" and the 7th slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "12". The line corresponding to "19.2-10.1" is the last stacked coil 100 with a pitch of 9 slots; at the same time, it represents that the first winding branch of the U phase is the 1st slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "10", refer to Figure 6 X1 in.

[0076] In the second winding branch of the U phase, the line corresponding to "19.1-28.2" is the first lapped coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots. At the same time, it represents that the second winding branch of the U phase enters the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "19", referring to Figure 6 U2 in the figure. The line corresponding to "37.2-28.1" is the last lapped coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots; at the same time, it represents that the second winding branch of the U phase is connected to the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "28", refer to Figure 6 X2 in.

[0077] In the third winding branch of the U phase, the line corresponding to "37.1-46.2" is the first lapped coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots. At the same time, it represents that the second winding branch of the U phase enters the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "37", referring to Figure 6U3 in the figure. The line corresponding to "1.2-46.1" is the last lapped coil 100, whose pitch is 9 slots; at the same time, it represents that the third winding branch of the U phase is connected to the first slot layer of the stator slot 310 with the serial number "46", refer to Figure 6 X3 in.

[0078] The winding lines of the V phase and the W phase can be shifted by 6 and 12 stator slots 310 in the direction of increasing serial numbers of the stator slots 310 from the winding line of the U phase. Based on this, the inlet positions of the two winding branches of the V phase are 7.1, 25.1 and 43.1 respectively; the outlet positions of the two winding branches of the V phase are 16.1, 34.1 and 52.1 respectively. The inlet positions of the two winding branches of the W phase are 13.1, 31.1 and 49.1 respectively; the outlet positions of the two winding branches of the W phase are 22.1, 40.1 and 2.1 respectively.

[0079] In some embodiments, n can be other parameters, for example, the aforementioned three-phase winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles and 3 parallel branches can be adjusted to a three-phase winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles and 6 parallel branches, for example, any winding branch is disconnected into two winding branches at the bridge line 200, and at this time, the three parallel winding branches of any phase are adjusted to 6 parallel winding branches, that is, n = 6. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the design of the bridge line 200 can be cancelled.

[0080] Of course, in other embodiments, Z, p and m may also be other parameters. For example, Z=72, p=4, m=4. In this embodiment, the cross-layer mode of several lapped coils 100 includes: two lapped effective edges 110 span the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer, two lapped effective edges 110 span the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer, and two lapped effective edges 110 span the 5th slot layer and the 5th slot layer. For another example, Z=108, p=6, m=8. In this embodiment, the cross-layer mode of several lapped coils 100 includes: two lapped effective edges 110 span the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer, two lapped effective edges 110 span the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer, two lapped effective edges 110 span the 5th slot layer and the 6th slot layer, two lapped effective edges 110 span the 7th slot layer and the 8th slot layer, and two lapped effective edges 110 span the 9th slot layer and the 9th slot layer.

[0081] The implementation principle of the mixed-layer winding structure provided in the first embodiment of the present application is:

[0082] The stator punching sheets are stacked into an iron core 300, and then a plurality of stacked coils 100 are wound on the iron core 300 to obtain 3n winding branches. Among them, the plurality of stacked coils 100 are provided with m / 2+1 kinds of cross-layer modes: two stacked effective edges 110 span the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two stacked effective edges 110 span the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer... two stacked effective edges 110 span the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two stacked effective edges 110 span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer. Subsequently, the phase copper bar and the star point copper bar are connected at the specified positions of the 3n winding branches.

[0083] The mixed-layer winding structure provided in the present application can improve the peak power of the motor at high speed, increase the high-efficiency range area of ​​the motor, and significantly reduce the proportion of back-electromotive force harmonics, thereby effectively improving the problem of low power density or low torque density of the motor.

[0084] Embodiment 2

[0085] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a stator assembly, and the stator assembly includes any mixed-layer winding structure provided in the present application.

[0086] Embodiment 3

[0087] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a motor, and the motor includes any stator assembly provided in the present application.

[0088] Comparative Example

[0089] The comparative example of the present application provides a winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles, 6 layers and 2 branches in parallel with exactly the same slot type of stator slots 310, which is used for comparison with the winding structure of 54 slots, 6 poles with mixed layers and 2 branches in parallel in Example 1 of the present application.

[0090] Application Example 1

[0091] The present application embodiment 1 compares the output performance of the motors to which the two winding structures provided in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example are applicable, and obtains the following results under the premise that the motor size / material usage and other parameters are the same: Figure 7 As shown in the comparison diagram, the solid line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the first embodiment is applicable, and the solid line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the comparative example is applicable. It is not difficult to see that the first embodiment of the present application can optimize the motor inductance, thereby increasing the output power of the motor at high speed by 15%; at the same time, the motor high efficiency range area can be increased by 5%-10%.

[0092] Application Example 2

[0093] The present application applies Example 2 to obtain the reverse potential spectrum of the motors applicable to the two winding structures provided in Example 1 and the comparative example, respectively. Under the premise that other parameters such as motor size / material usage are the same, the following can be obtained: Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The bar chart shown in Figure 8 The data indicating the motor to which the winding structure provided in the first embodiment is applicable, Fig. 9 The winding structure provided in the comparison is applicable to the motor data. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the harmonic order, and the vertical axis represents the voltage, with the unit being V. It is not difficult to see that the first embodiment of the present application can reduce the proportion of 3rd / 5th / 7th harmonics, thereby improving the NVH performance of the motor.

[0094] Application Example 3

[0095] The present application uses the third embodiment to compare the back electromotive force of the motors applicable to the two winding structures provided in the first embodiment and the comparative example, and obtains the following under the premise that the motor size / material usage and other parameters are the same: Fig.10 As shown in the comparison diagram, the red line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the first embodiment is applicable, and the blue line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the comparative example is applicable. It is not difficult to see that the first embodiment of the present application can optimize the inductance of the motor, thereby improving the sinusoidality of the back-EMF waveform.

[0096] Application Example 4

[0097] The present application uses the fourth embodiment to compare the stator transient temperature curves of the motors applicable to the two winding structures provided in the first embodiment and the comparative example, and obtains the following under the premise that the motor size / material usage and other parameters are the same: Fig.11 As shown in the comparison diagram, the dotted line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in Example 1 is applicable, and the solid line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the comparative example is applicable. It is not difficult to see that, under the same peak power output, Example 1 of the present application requires lower electrical density / line load and lower copper loss and heat generation. In detail, the peak temperature of the stator winding is relatively reduced by about 30°C, and the peak temperature of the stator core can be reduced by about 15°C.

[0098] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0099] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A mixed layer winding structure, characterized in that: The mixed-layer winding structure is used for a stator component, the number of poles of the stator component is 2p, the stator component further comprises an iron core member (300), the iron core member (300) is provided with Z stator slots (310) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, wherein Z=18p; among the Z stator slots (310), every three stator slots (310) form a group, and in the same group of stator slots (310), the two stator slots (310) located at the two sides are arranged at the same intervals. 0) are sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd ... (m+1)th slot layers, and a stator slot (310) located in the middle is sequentially provided with the 1st, 2nd ... mth slot layers, wherein m is an even number not less than 4; the mixed layer winding structure comprises winding circuits of three phases, namely, U, V and W, the winding circuits of the V phase and the W phase are obtained by sequentially translating the winding branch of the U phase by Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots (310), and each phase The winding circuits are all completely wound in three stator slots (310) constituting the same group, and six stator slots (310) are evenly spaced apart; the winding circuit of each phase includes n parallel winding branches, each winding branch includes a plurality of lapped coils (100), and the lapped coils (100) include two lapped effective sides (110) arranged at intervals, and the lapped effective sides (110) are arranged at the stator slots (310). In one of the slot layers; wherein the stacked coil (100) is provided with m / 2+1 kinds of cross-layer modes: two of the stacked effective edges (110) span the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two of the stacked effective edges (110) span the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer... two of the stacked effective edges (110) span the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two of the stacked effective edges (110) span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

2. The mixed layer winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lapped coil (100) further comprises a lapped welding end (120) and a lapped hairpin end (130), wherein two lapped welding ends (120) are provided, and the two lapped welding ends (120) are provided at the same end of the two lapped effective edges (110) and extend in a direction approaching each other, and the lapped hairpin end (130) connects the other ends of the two lapped effective edges (110).

3. The mixed layer winding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each winding branch further comprises a bridge wire (200), wherein the bridge wire (200) connects the two stacked coils (100), and the two stacked coils (100) connected by the bridge wire (200) have a cross-layer mode in which the two stacked effective edges (110) cross the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

4. The mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The stacked coils (100) in the same cross-layer manner all have the same pitch.

5. The mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Z=54, p=3, m=6, n=2 or 3, the pitches of the three types of stacked coils (100) are all 9 slots, namely, two stacked effective edges (110) span the 1st slot layer and the 2nd slot layer, two stacked effective edges (110) span the 3rd slot layer and the 4th slot layer, and two stacked effective edges (110) span the 5th slot layer and the 6th slot layer in a cross-layer manner, and the pitch of the stacked coil (100) is 7 slots, namely, two stacked effective edges (110) span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer in a cross-layer manner.

6. The mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: When n=2, the line entry position of the first winding branch of the U phase and the line entry position of the second winding branch of the U phase are respectively the first slot layer and the seventh slot layer of the same stator slot (310).

7. The mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When n=2, the first winding branch of the U phase is: 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4-11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1-19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7； The second winding branch of the U phase is: 1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1-37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3-48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1。 8. The mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: When n=3, the first winding branch of the U phase is: 1.1-10.2-2.1-11.2-3.1-12.2-1.3-10.4-2.3-11.4-3.3-12.4-1.5-10.6-2.5-11.6-3.5-12.6-3.7-10.7-19.7-12.7-21.6-12.5-20.6-11.5-19.6-10.5-21.4-12.3-20.4-11.3-19.4-10.3-21.2-12.1-20.2-11.1-19.2-10.1； The second winding branch of the U phase is: 19.1-28.2-20.1-29.2-21.1-30.2-19.3-28.4-20.3-29.4-21.3-30.4-19.5-28.6-20.5-29.6-21.5-30.6-21.7-28.7-37.7-30.7-39.6-30.5-38.6-29.5-37.6-28.5-39.4-30.3-38.4-29.3-37.4-28.3-39.2-30.1-38.2-29.1-37.2-28.1； The third winding branch of the U phase is: 37.1-46.2-38.1-47.2-39.1-48.2-37.3-46.4-38.3-47.4-39.3-48.4-37.5-46.6-38.5-47.6-39.5-48.6-39.7-46.7-1.7-48.7-3.6-48.5-2.6-47.5-1.6-46.5-3.4-48.3-2.4-47.3-1.4-46.3-3.2-48.1-2.2-47.1-1.2-46.1。 9. A stator assembly, characterized in that: The stator assembly comprises a mixed-layer winding structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A motor, characterized in that: The electric machine comprises the stator assembly of claim 9.

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