Odd-even mixed layer winding structure, stator assembly and motor equipment

Abstract

This application relates to an odd-even mixed-layer winding structure, a stator assembly, and a motor device. The stator assembly has 2p poles, and the stator core has Z stator slots, where Z = 12p. Each pair of stator slots forms a group. Within the same group, the stator slot on the left side has slot layers 1, 2, ..., m sequentially, and the stator slot on the right side has slot layers 1, 2, ..., (m+1) sequentially. Each winding branch includes several hairpin coils. The hairpin coils have m / 2+1 cross-layer configurations: crossing slot layers 1 and 2, slot layers 3 and 4, ..., slot layers (m-1) and m, and slot layers (m+1) and (m+1) respectively. This application can effectively avoid generating large stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics during motor device operation, thereby reducing the proportion of back EMF harmonics and preventing the performance of the motor device from being affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to an odd-even mixed layer winding structure, stator assembly, and motor equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical motors, used in the power systems of new energy vehicles, typically include a stator assembly fixed within a motor housing. This stator assembly may comprise a stator core formed by stacked laminations and a winding structure wound around the stator core. The winding structure usually consists of several hairpin coils, each at least partially wound within stator slots on the stator core. The stator slots can have different slot layers depending on their radial position, with each slot layer accommodating an effective side of a hairpin coil. In existing technologies, winding structures are often even-numbered, such as 6, 8, or 10 layers; simultaneously, the stator slots on the stator core all employ the same slot shape to accommodate the same number of effective sides. However, in the aforementioned existing winding structures, the electrical motors used often generate significant stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics, especially higher-order harmonics, during operation, thus affecting the performance of the electrical motor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, this application provides an odd-even mixed layer winding structure, a stator assembly, and a motor device to improve the problem of large stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics generated during operation in motor devices to which the winding structure in the prior art is applicable.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an odd-even mixed-layer winding structure for a stator assembly. The stator assembly has 2p poles and includes a stator core. The stator core has Z stator slots evenly spaced circumferentially, where Z = 12p. In the Z stator slots, every two slots form a group. Within the same group, the stator slot on the left side has slot layers 1, 2...m sequentially, and the stator slot on the right side has slot layers 1, 2...(m+1) sequentially, where m is an even number not less than 4. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure includes three phases of winding lines: U, V, and W. The winding lines of phases V and W are formed by the winding branch of phase U. By sequentially shifting Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots, the winding lines of each phase are completely wound within the two stator slots forming the same group, and are evenly spaced by four stator slots. The winding lines of each phase include n parallel winding branches, and each winding branch includes several hairpin coils. Each hairpin coil includes two spaced effective sides, which are located in one of the slot layers of the stator slot. The hairpin coils are configured with m / 2+1 cross-layer arrangements: the two effective sides cross the first and second slot layers, the two effective sides cross the third and fourth slot layers, ..., the two effective sides cross the (m-1) and m slot layers, and the two effective sides cross the (m+1) and (m+1) slot layers.

[0005] In one embodiment, the hairpin coil further includes a soldering end and a hairpin end. Two soldering ends are provided, located at the same end of the two effective sides. The hairpin end connects to the other end of the two effective sides. The hairpin coil has two types: a lapped coil and a reverse-twist coil. The two soldering ends of the lapped coil extend in a direction close to each other, and the two soldering ends of the reverse-twist coil extend in the same direction. The layer-crossing method is as follows: the hairpin coils spanning the 1st and 2nd slot layers, the 3rd and 4th slot layers, ..., the hairpin coils spanning the (m-1)th and mth slot layers are all lapped coils. The layer-crossing method is as follows: the hairpin coils spanning the (m+1)th and (m+1)th slot layers are all reverse-twist coils.

[0006] In one embodiment, each winding branch further includes a bridging wire that connects two of the hairpin coils, both of which are the lapped coils.

[0007] In one embodiment, the hairpin coils of the same cross-layer type all have the same pitch.

[0008] In one embodiment, Z = 48, p = 4, m = 6, n = 2 or 4, and the cross-layer method is that the pitch of the hairpin coil spanning the first and second slot layers, the third and fourth slot layers, the fifth and sixth slot layers, and the seventh and seventh slot layers is 6 slots.

[0009] In one embodiment, any winding branch enters through the first slot layer of the stator slot and exits through the first slot layer of the stator slot.

[0010] In one embodiment, when n=4, the first winding branch of the U phase is:

[0011] 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6-8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1;

[0012] The second winding branch of the U phase is:

[0013] 13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1;

[0014] The third winding branch of the U phase is:

[0015] 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-31.1;

[0016] The fourth winding branch of the U phase is:

[0017] 37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1.

[0018] In one embodiment, when n=2, the first winding branch of the U phase is:

[0019] 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6 -8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1-13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1;

[0020] The second winding branch of the U phase is:

[0021] 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-3 1.1-37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a stator assembly, which includes any of the odd-even mixed layer winding structures provided in this application.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides an electric motor device, which includes any of the stator assemblies provided in this application.

[0024] This application achieves the desired odd-even mixed-layer winding structure by configuring several stator slots of the stator core into a mixed slot type of m slot layers and m+1 slot layers, and by rationally setting the combination form and number of several stator slots. Simultaneously, by rationally setting the cross-layer arrangement of several hairpin coils in the winding structure, the desired odd-even mixed-layer winding structure can be prepared. Verification has shown that, compared to a winding structure with identical slot types and an even-numbered layer design for the matching stator core, the odd-even mixed-layer winding structure provided in this application can effectively avoid generating large stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics during the operation of the motor, thereby reducing the proportion of back EMF harmonics, especially higher-order harmonics, and thus preventing the performance of the motor from being affected. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application showing a mixed-odd layer winding structure wound on a stator core;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the winding structure of a mixed-layer odd-even layer provided in an embodiment of this application, which is a 48-slot, 8-pole, 6-layer, parallel 4-branch winding;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the winding of phase U when the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in an embodiment of this application is 48 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers, and 4 branches in parallel;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lapped coil structure of the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-torsion coil of the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the winding of phase U when the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in one embodiment of this application is 48 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers, and 2 parallel branches;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge wire structure of the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 The opposite potential spectrum diagram of the comparative example provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 The opposite potential spectrum diagram of Embodiment 1 provided for Application Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0034] Figure 10 A comparison diagram of the back potential of Embodiment 1 and the comparative example provided for the application embodiment 3 of this application;

[0035] Figure 11 A comparison chart of the output performance of Example 1 and the comparative example provided for the application of this application.

[0036] Reference numerals: 100, hairpin coil; 100a, lapped coil; 100b, reverse twisted coil; 110, effective side; 120, welding end; 130, hairpin end; 200, bridging wire; 210, bridging connection wire; 220, bridging welding end; 300, phase copper busbar; 400, star copper busbar; 500, stator core; 510, stator slot. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0038] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention.

[0039] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0040] The orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," "longitudinal," "lateral," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "radial," and "circumferential" used in this specification are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Embodiment 1 of this application provides an odd-even mixed-layer winding structure, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the odd-even mixed-layer winding structure is used for the stator assembly, which has 2p poles. The stator assembly also includes a stator core 500, which has Z stator slots 510 evenly spaced circumferentially, where Z = 12p. In the Z stator slots 510, every two slots form a group. Within the same group, the left-hand slot 510 has slot layers 1, 2...m, and the right-hand slot 510 has slot layers 1, 2...(m+1), where m is an even number not less than 4. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure includes winding lines for three phases: U, V, and W. The winding lines for phases V and W are shifted sequentially by Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots 510 from the winding branch of phase U, respectively. 10. The winding circuit of each phase is completely wound in the two stator slots 510 that constitute the same group, and is evenly spaced by 4 stator slots 510. The winding circuit of each phase includes n parallel winding branches, and each winding branch includes several hairpin coils 100. The hairpin coil 100 includes two spaced effective edges 110, and the effective edges 110 are set in one of the slot layers of the stator slots 510. Among them, the hairpin coil 100 is provided with m / 2+1 cross-layer methods: the two effective edges 110 cross the first slot layer and the second slot layer, the two effective edges 110 cross the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, ... the two effective edges 110 cross the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and the two effective edges 110 cross the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown in this embodiment, the stator assembly has 2p poles, meaning it includes p pairs of magnetically opposite poles. The stator assembly can primarily consist of a stator core 500 and a winding structure. The stator core 500 can be a hollow cylindrical structure, specifically fabricated from several laminations using a stacking process. Stator slots 510 can be located inside the stator core 500, and Z slots 510 can be evenly spaced along the circumference of the stator core 500, where Z = 12p. The stator slots 510 can be open slots, with their openings facing the axis of the stator core 500. Stator slots 510 are used to arrange hairpin coils 100. Depending on the position of the hairpin coils 100 within the stator slots 510, the stator slots 510 can be configured with m or m+1 slot layers along the radial direction of the stator core 500, where m is an even number not less than 4; that is, in this embodiment, the stator slots 510 have two numbers of slot layers. Along the radial direction of the stator core 500 from the inside out, the first slot layer, the second slot layer… the mth or m+1th slot layer of the stator slots 510 can be arranged sequentially. In the aforementioned Z stator slots 510, every two stator slots 510 form a group, that is, this embodiment has Z / 2 groups of stator slots 510. In the same group of stator slots 510, the number of slot layers in a stator slot 510 located on the left side is m, while the number of slot layers in a stator slot 510 located on the right side is m+1. The aforementioned left and right positions can be the relative positions of the two stator slots 510 in the same group when viewed from the angle of looking down at the end of the stator core 500. In some embodiments, the left and right positions can be adaptively interchanged.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the stator assembly can have three phases, specifically phases U, V, and W. The designations "U," "V," and "W" are merely for descriptive purposes and not intended to limit the number of phases. In some embodiments, other designations may be used to represent the three phases of the stator assembly. A three-phase stator assembly is suitable for a three-phase motor. The stator assembly's winding structure includes three phases of winding lines, which are electrically connected to form a three-phase circuit. For any phase of the winding structure, its winding lines are completely wound within two consecutive stator slots 510, and these two slots 510 constitute the same group. Furthermore, the winding lines of any phase are evenly spaced four stator slots 510 apart. Under this structure, when the winding lines of phase W of phase V are shifted by Z / 3p = 4 and 2Z / 3p = 8 stator slots 510 respectively by the winding lines of phase U, the winding lines of phase U, phase V and phase W can be arranged in a staggered manner and fill Z stator slots 510.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the winding circuit of any phase also includes n winding branches, which are connected in parallel, where n is a positive integer not less than 2. Depending on actual needs, n can be set to different values ​​to obtain various motors such as low-voltage or high-voltage motors. Each winding branch includes several hairpin coils 100. The hairpin coils 100 are at least partially wound within the stator slots 510, and the portion arranged within the stator slots 510 is called the effective edge 110. In this embodiment, each hairpin coil 100 includes two effective edges 110, which are spaced apart and respectively disposed within a slot layer of a stator slot 510; at this time, the shape of the hairpin coil 100 is similar to a "U" shape and can be called a "U"-shaped line.

[0046] In this embodiment, several hairpin coils 100 are arranged across layers in a specified manner, specifically including m / 2+1 ways of bridging layers. The first way is that the two effective edges 110 of the hairpin coil 100 span the first slot layer and the second slot layer. The second way is that the two effective edges 110 of the hairpin coil 100 span the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer. The m / 2 way is that the two effective edges 110 of the hairpin coil 100 span the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer. The m / 2+1 way is that the two effective edges 110 of the hairpin coil 100 span the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer. For example, when m=6, there are four ways for several hairpin coils 100 to cross layers: two effective edges 110 cross the first and second slot layers, two effective edges 110 cross the third and fourth slot layers, two effective edges 110 cross the fifth and sixth slot layers, and two effective edges 110 cross the seventh and seventh slot layers.

[0047] It is easy to understand that this application can prepare the required odd-even mixed-layer winding structure by setting several stator slots 510 of the stator core 500 into a mixed slot type of m slot layers and m+1 slot layers, and by reasonably setting the combination form and number of several stator slots 510, and by reasonably setting the cross-layer method of several hairpin coils 100 in the winding structure. Verification has shown that, compared to the winding structure of the matching stator core 500 with several stator slots 510 having the same slot type and using an even-numbered-layer design, the odd-even mixed-layer winding structure provided by this application can effectively avoid generating large stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics during the operation of the motor equipment, thereby reducing the proportion of back EMF harmonics, especially the proportion of higher-order harmonics, and thus preventing the performance of the motor equipment from being affected.

[0048] Specifically, the hairpin coil 100 also includes a welding end 120 and a hairpin end 130. There are two welding ends 120, which are located at the same end of the two effective sides 110. The hairpin end 130 connects to the other end of the two effective sides 110. The hairpin coil 100 is provided with two types: a lapped coil 100a and a reverse twisted coil 100b. The two welding ends 120 of the lapped coil 100a extend in a direction that approaches each other, and the two welding ends 120 of the reverse twisted coil 100b extend in the same direction. The layer crossing method is that the two effective sides 110 cross the first slot layer and the second slot layer, the two effective sides 110 cross the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, and so on. The hairpin coils 100 that cross the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer are all lapped coils 100a. The hairpin coils 100 that cross the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer are all reverse twisted coils 100b.

[0049] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment, the hairpin coil 100 can be manufactured using a one-piece molding method. For example, the hairpin coil 100 is made of flat enameled wire. In addition to the two effective edges 110, it may also include a soldering end 120 and a hairpin end 130. There are two soldering ends 120, each corresponding to one of the two effective edges 110, and they are located at the same end of the two effective edges 110. There is only one hairpin end 130, which is connected between the other ends of the two effective edges 110.

[0050] Based on the shape of the hairpin coil 100, it can be divided into two types: a folded coil 100a and a reverse twisted coil 100b. The two solder ends 120 of the folded coil 100a extend obliquely in a direction close to each other to form a constricted structure, while the two solder ends 120 of the reverse twisted coil 100b extend obliquely in the same direction. The hairpin ends 130 of the folded coil 100a and the reverse twisted coil 100b can have similar shapes, both being V-shaped. In this embodiment, when the two folded coils 100a are connected, they are connected through one solder end 120 of each coil, typically fixed by welding. Similarly, when the reverse twisted coil 100b connects the two folded coils 100a, its two solder ends 120 are connected to one solder end 120 of each coil 100a, also fixed by welding.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the hairpin coils 100 with two effective edges 110 spanning the first and second slot layers, the two effective edges 110 spanning the third and fourth slot layers, ... the two effective edges 110 spanning the (m-1)th and mth slot layers are all configured as folded coils 100a, while the hairpin coils 100 with two effective edges 110 spanning the (m+1)th and (m+1)th slot layers are all configured as reverse twisted coils 100b.

[0052] It is understood that, according to the layering method of the hairpin coils 100, the hairpin coils 100 are set as two types: stacked coils 100a and reverse twisted coils 100b, so that the hairpin coils 100 can be wound on the stator core 500 in a specified layering method to prepare the required stator assembly.

[0053] More specifically, each winding branch also includes a bridge line 200, which connects two hairpin coils 100, both of which are stacked coils 100a.

[0054] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in this embodiment, it is exemplarily illustrated that during the winding process, when the connection positions of two hairpin coils 100 are far apart, they can also be connected by a bridging wire 200. In this embodiment, the bridging wire 200 is used to connect two lapped coils 100a whose connection positions are far apart. The bridging wire 200 may include a bridging connecting wire 210 and a bridging welding end 220, which can also be integrally formed, for example, using flat enameled wire. The bridging welding ends 220 are located near the welding ends 120 of the hairpin coils 100, and there are two of them. Each of the two bridging welding ends 220 is connected to one welding end 120 of each of the two lapped coils 100a, and the connection method can also be welding. The bridging connecting wire 210 can extend circumferentially along the stator core 500 to connect the two bridging welding ends 220.

[0055] It is understood that, by setting the bridge line 200 in this embodiment, it is convenient to connect the winding branches when the two hairpin coils 100 are far apart at the connection position, so as to wind the desired odd-even mixed layer winding structure.

[0056] More specifically, all hairpin coils 100 with the same cross-layer method have the same pitch.

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in this embodiment, the pitch of the hairpin coil 100 is exemplarily illustrated as the number of stator slots 510 spaced between its two effective sides 110. It should be noted that when hairpin coils 100 are of the same type, use the same layering method, and have the same pitch, they can be defined as hairpin coils 100 of the same line type; however, if one of these conditions is not met, they should all be defined as hairpin coils 100 of different line types. In this embodiment, the hairpin coil 100 has two types: lapped coil 100a and anti-twist coil 100b. Lapped coil 100a has m / 2 layering methods, and among the lapped coils 100a with the same layering method, the lapped coils 100a with the same layering method have the same pitch. Anti-twist coil 100b has only one layering method, and all of its pitches are the same.

[0058] For example, when m=6, the pitch of the two effective edges 110 spanning the first and second slot layers of the lapped coil 100a can both be set to 6 slots, which is the first type of lapped coil 100a. The pitch of the lapped coil 100a spanning the third and fourth slot layers can both be set to 6 slots, which is the second type of lapped coil 100a. The pitch of the lapped coil 100a spanning the fifth and sixth slot layers can both be set to 6 slots, which is the third type of lapped coil 100a. The pitch of the anti-twist coil 100b spanning the seventh and seventh slot layers can both be set to 6 slots, which is the only type of anti-twist coil 100b.

[0059] It is understood that in this embodiment, all hairpin coils 100 of the same type and with the same cross-layer method are set to the same pitch, which can simplify the types of wires of hairpin coils 100, thereby making the winding structure less prone to errors during the winding process, and improving the winding efficiency of the winding structure.

[0060] More specifically, Z=48, p=4, m=6, n=2 or 4, and the layer crossing method is that the two effective edges 110 span the first and second slot layers, the two effective edges 110 span the third and fourth slot layers, the two effective edges 110 span the fifth and sixth slot layers, and the two effective edges 110 span the seventh and seventh slot layers, and the pitch of the hairpin coil 100 is 6 slots.

[0061] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in this embodiment, by way of example, when Z=48, p=4, m=6, n=2 or 4, the odd-even mixed layer winding structure constitutes a three-phase winding structure of 48 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers, and 2 parallel branches, or a three-phase winding structure of 48 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers, and 4 parallel branches. In the aforementioned two winding structures, a plurality of hairpin coils 100 include three types of lapped coils 100a and one type of anti-twist coil 100b. The three types of lapped coils 100a are respectively two effective sides 110 spanning the first and second slot layers with a pitch of 6 slots, two effective sides 110 spanning the third and fourth slot layers with a pitch of 6 slots, and two effective sides 110 spanning the fifth and sixth slot layers with a pitch of 6 slots; the one type of anti-twist coil 100b is two effective sides 110 spanning the seventh and seventh slot layers with a pitch of 6 slots.

[0062] It is understood that this embodiment, by reasonably setting the pitch and layering method of several hairpin coils 100, facilitates the winding of a three-phase winding structure with 48 slots, 6 poles, 6 layers, and 2 parallel branches, or a three-phase winding structure with 48 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers, and 4 parallel branches.

[0063] More specifically, each winding branch enters through the first slot layer of stator slot 510 and exits through the first slot layer of stator slot 510.

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown in this embodiment, the first slot layer of stator slot 510 is the slot layer closest to the axis of stator core 500, located at the innermost side of stator slot 510. For any winding branch, there are entry and exit positions during the winding process, i.e., the starting and ending positions of the winding. In this embodiment, the winding branches all enter and exit from the innermost side of stator slot 510, that is, the entry and exit positions are both set as the first slot layer of stator slot 510.

[0065] It is understood that by reasonably setting the input and output positions of any winding branch, this embodiment facilitates the connection of the input and output positions of the three phase winding lines with the phase copper busbar 300 and the star copper busbar 400 when the three phase winding lines are subsequently introduced and led out.

[0066] More specifically, when n=4, the first winding branch of phase U is:

[0067] 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6-8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1;

[0068] The second winding branch of phase U is:

[0069] 13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1;

[0070] The third winding branch of phase U is:

[0071] 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-31.1;

[0072] The fourth winding branch of phase U is:

[0073] 37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, exemplarily, the 48 stator slots 510 can be represented by numbers "1" to "48". These numbers are only for ease of description and are not intended to limit the number of stator slots 510. Any stator slot 510 of the stator core 500 can be designated as stator slot 510 with the number "1". The numbering can increase in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction of the stator core 500; no specific limitation is made. In some embodiments, the 54 stator slots 510 can also be represented by other numbers.

[0075] like Figure 3As shown, taking the first winding branch of phase U as an example, in the first winding branch of phase U, the line corresponding to "1.1-7.2" is the first hairpin coil 100, which is a lap-wound coil 100a. Its two effective sides 110 are wound on the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with the number "1" and the second slot layer of stator slot 510 with the number "7", respectively, with a pitch of 6 slots. At the same time, it represents that the first winding branch of phase U enters the circuit from the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with the number "1", as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The U1 in the diagram. The subsequent winding lines are similar. Line "1.7-7.7" corresponds to the anti-twist coil 100b spanning the 7th slot layer and the 7th slot layer. This anti-twist coil 100b has a pitch of 7 slots, and its two effective edges 110 are respectively arranged in the 7th slot layer of stator slot 510 numbered "1" and the 7th slot layer of stator slot 510 numbered "7". Line "13.2-7.1" corresponds to the last hairpin coil 100, which is also a lap-wound coil 100a. Its two effective edges 110 are respectively wound in the 2nd slot layer of stator slot 510 numbered "13" and the 1st slot layer of stator slot 510 numbered "7", with a pitch of 6 slots. Simultaneously, it represents the first winding branch of phase U, exiting from the 1st slot layer of stator slot 510 numbered "7", as shown in the reference diagram. Figure 3 X1 in the example. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first winding branch of phase U does not have a bridging line 200.

[0076] The second, third, and fourth winding branches of phase U are similar. The line corresponding to "13.1-19.2" is the first lapped coil 100a of the second winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the second winding branch of phase U being the first slot layer entry line of stator slot 510 with sequence number "13", referring to... Figure 3 In U2, “25.2-19.1” corresponds to the last lapped coil 100a of the second winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the second winding branch of phase U, with the stator slot 510, numbered “19”, as the first layer output, referring to… Figure 3 X2 in the middle.

[0077] The line “25.1-31.2” corresponds to the first lapped coil 100a of the third winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the third winding branch of phase U as the first slot layer entry line of stator slot 510 with sequence number “25”, referring to… Figure 3 U3. The line corresponding to “37.2-31.1” is the last lapped coil 100a of the third winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; at the same time, it represents the third winding branch of phase U as the output line of the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with the sequence number “31”, referring to Figure 3X3 in the middle.

[0078] The line “37.1-43.2” corresponds to the first lapped coil 100a of the fourth winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the fourth winding branch of phase U as the first slot layer entry line of stator slot 510 with sequence number “37”, referring to… Figure 3 In U4, “1.2-43.1” corresponds to the last lapped coil 100a of the fourth winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the fourth winding branch of phase U as the output line of the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number “43”, referring to… Figure 3 X4 in the middle.

[0079] It is not difficult to see that the entry and exit positions of the first winding branch of the U phase are the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "1" and the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "7", respectively. The entry and exit positions of the second winding branch of the U phase are the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "13" and the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "19", respectively. The entry and exit positions of the third winding branch of the U phase are the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "25" and the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "31", respectively. The entry and exit positions of the fourth winding branch of the U phase are the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "37" and the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number "43", respectively.

[0080] The winding lines of phases V and W can be obtained by shifting the winding line of phase U by 4 and 8 stator slots 510 respectively, along the direction of increasing stator slot number 510. Based on this, the entry positions of the four winding branches of phase V are 5.1, 17.1, 29.1, and 41.1, respectively, referring to... Figure 2 V1, V2, V3, and V4; the outgoing positions of the four winding branches of phase V are 11.1, 23.1, 35.1, and 47.1, respectively, referring to... Figure 2 Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 in the diagram. The entry points for the four winding branches of phase W are 9.1, 21.1, 33.1, and 45.1, respectively. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The outgoing lines of the four winding branches of phase W1, W2, W3, and W4 are located at 15.1, 27.1, 39.1, and 3.1 respectively, referring to... Figure 2 Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 in the example.

[0081] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the odd-even mixed layer winding structure may further include phase copper busbars 300 and star copper busbars 400, wherein the phase copper busbars 300 correspond one-to-one with the three phases of the stator assembly, i.e., three are configured. Each phase copper busbar 300 is connected to the input position of the n winding branches of its corresponding phase. For example, in the aforementioned embodiment, the phase copper busbar 300 corresponding to U is connected to U1, U2, U3, and U4. The star copper busbars 400 can correspond to the number of parallel winding branches of any phase, i.e., n are configured. Each star copper busbar 400 is connected to the output position of the corresponding winding branches of the three phases. For example, in the aforementioned embodiment, the star copper busbar 400 corresponding to the first winding branch is connected to U1, V1, and W1.

[0082] Of course, in some embodiments, the star copper busbar 400 may be set to only one, which is connected to the output positions of the three phases and a total of 3n winding branches. For example, in the aforementioned embodiment, the star copper busbar 400 is connected to X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4.

[0083] More specifically, when n=2, the first winding branch of phase U is:

[0084] 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6 -8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1-13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1;

[0085] The second winding branch of phase U is:

[0086] 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-3 1.1-37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown in this embodiment, which is an exemplary description, it is not difficult to see that... Figure 6 The winding structure of the parallel two branches in the middle can be made by Figure 3 The parallel four-branch winding structure is obtained by deformation, specifically it can be Figure 3 In the parallel 4-branch winding structure, X1 and U1 are connected by a bridge line 200, and Figure 3 In the parallel 4-branch winding structure, X3 and U4 are connected by a bridge line 200 to enable... Figure 3 The first and second winding branches of the parallel 4-branch winding structure are connected in series to form Figure 6 The first winding branch of the parallel two-branch winding structure, and Figure 3 The third and fourth winding branches of the parallel four-branch winding structure are connected in series to form... Figure 6 The second winding branch in the parallel two-branch winding structure. In both winding structures, the wire profile of the hairpin coil 100 can be exactly the same.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the first winding branch of phase U is taken as an example. The line corresponding to "1.1-7.2" is the first hairpin coil 100, which is a lap-wound coil 100a. Its two effective sides 110 are wound on the first slot layer of stator slot 510 (number "1") and the second slot layer of stator slot 510 (number "7"), respectively, with a pitch of 6 slots. Simultaneously, it represents the first winding branch of phase U entering the circuit from the first slot layer of stator slot 510 (number "1"). Figure 6U1′ in the diagram. The subsequent winding circuits follow the same pattern. The circuit corresponding to “7.1-13.1” is the bridge line 200, which connects the two lapped coils 100a represented by the circuits corresponding to “13.2-7.1” and “13.1-19.2”. The circuit corresponding to “25.2-19.1” is the last hairpin coil 100, which is also a lapped coil 100a. Its two effective edges 110 are wound on the second layer of stator slot 510 (number “25”) and the first layer of stator slot 510 (number “19”), respectively, with a pitch of 6 slots. Simultaneously, it represents the first winding branch of phase U, originating from the first layer of stator slot 510 (number “19”), as shown in the diagram. Figure 6 X1′ in the middle.

[0089] The second winding branch of phase U is similar. The line corresponding to "25.1-31.2" is the first lapped coil 100a of the second winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the second winding branch of phase U being the first slot layer entry line of stator slot 510 with sequence number "25", referring to... Figure 6 In U2′, “1.2-43.1” corresponds to the last lapped coil 100a of the second winding branch, with a pitch of 6 slots; simultaneously, it represents the second winding branch of phase U as the output line of the first slot layer of stator slot 510 with serial number “43”, referring to… Figure 6 X2′ in the middle.

[0090] The winding circuits for phase V and phase W can be obtained in the same way, and will not be elaborated here.

[0091] Of course, in other embodiments, Z, p, and m can be other parameters. For example, Z = 72, p = 6, m = 4. In this embodiment, the layer-crossing method of the plurality of hairpin coils 100 includes: a stacked coil 100a with two effective sides 110 crossing the first and second slot layers and two effective sides 110 crossing the third and fourth slot layers, and a reverse-twisted coil 100b with two effective sides 110 crossing the fifth and fifth slot layers. Another example is Z = 96, p = 8, m = 8. In this embodiment, the layer-crossing method of the plurality of hairpin coils 100 includes: two effective edges 110 crossing the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two effective edges 110 crossing the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, two effective edges 110 crossing the fifth slot layer and the sixth slot layer, and two effective edges 110 crossing the seventh slot layer and the eighth slot layer, and a reverse twisted coil 100b with two effective edges 110 crossing the ninth slot layer and the ninth slot layer.

[0092] The implementation principle of the odd-even mixed layer winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows:

[0093] Laminations are stacked to form a stator core 500, and then several hairpin coils 100 are wound on the stator core 500 to obtain 3n winding branches. The hairpin coils 100 are configured with m / 2+1 different layer crossing methods: two effective edges 110 crossing the 1st and 2nd slot layers, two effective edges 110 crossing the 3rd and 4th slot layers… two effective edges 110 crossing the (m-1)th and mth slot layers in a stacked coil 100a, and two effective edges 110 crossing the (m+1)th and (m+1)th slot layers in a reverse-twisted coil 100b. Subsequently, phase busbars 300 and star-point busbars 400 are connected to designated positions in the 3n winding branches.

[0094] This application achieves the desired odd-even mixed-layer winding structure by configuring several stator slots 510 of the stator core 500 into a mixed slot type of m slot layers and m+1 slot layers, and by rationally setting the combination form and number of several stator slots 510, and by rationally setting the cross-layer method of several hairpin coils 100 in the winding structure. Verification has shown that, compared to a winding structure in which several stator slots 510 of the matching stator core 500 have identical slot types and adopt an even-numbered-layer design, the odd-even mixed-layer winding structure provided by this application can effectively avoid generating large stator-side magnetomotive force harmonics during the operation of the motor equipment, thereby reducing the proportion of back EMF harmonics, especially the proportion of higher-order harmonics, and thus preventing the performance of the motor equipment from being affected.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] Embodiment 2 of this application provides a stator assembly, which includes any of the odd-even mixed layer winding structures provided in this application.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] Embodiment 2 of this application provides an electric motor device, which includes any of the stator assemblies provided in this application.

[0099] Comparative Example

[0100] This application provides a comparative example of a 48-slot, 8-pole, 6-layer, parallel 4-branch winding structure with identical stator slot 510 slot type, which is used for comparison with the 48-slot, 8-pole, odd-even mixed-layer, parallel 4-branch winding structure in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0101] Application Example 1

[0102] This application uses Example 1 to obtain the back potential spectrum of motors suitable for the two winding structures provided in Example 1 and the comparative example. Under the premise that other parameters such as motor size / material usage are the same, the following can be obtained: Figure 8 and Figure 9 The bar chart shown, in which Figure 8 This indicates the data for the motor to which the winding structure provided by the comparative model is applicable. Figure 9 This indicates the data for the motor to which the winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 is applicable. Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the harmonic order, and the vertical axis represents the voltage, with the unit being V. It is easy to see that Embodiment 1 of this application can reduce the proportion of the 3rd / 5th / 7th harmonics, thereby improving motor performance.

[0103] Application Example 2

[0104] This application uses Example 2 to compare the back EMF of motors suitable for the two winding structures provided in Example 1 and the comparative example. Under the premise that other parameters such as motor size / material usage are the same, the results are as follows: Figure 10 The comparison diagram shows that the red line represents the data for the motor to which the winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 is suitable, and the blue line represents the data for the motor to which the winding structure provided in the comparative example is suitable. It is easy to see that Embodiment 1 of this application can optimize the inductance of the motor, thereby improving the sinusoidal nature of the back EMF waveform.

[0105] Application Example 3

[0106] This application uses Example 3 to compare the output performance of motors suitable for the two winding structures provided in Example 1 and the comparative example. Under the premise that other parameters such as motor size / material usage are the same, the results are as follows: Figure 11 The comparison diagram shows that the solid line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in Embodiment 1 is suitable, and the dashed line represents the data of the motor to which the winding structure provided in the comparative example is suitable. It is easy to see that Embodiment 1 of this application can optimize the motor inductance, thereby increasing the motor's output power at high speed by 6.2%; at the same time, the area of ​​the motor's high-efficiency range can be increased by about 0.3%.

[0107] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0108] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mixed-layer winding structure, characterized in that, The odd-even mixed layer winding structure is used in the stator assembly, which has 2p poles. The stator assembly also includes a stator core (500), which has Z stator slots (510) evenly spaced along the circumference, where Z = 12p. In the Z stator slots (510), every two slots form a group. In the same group of stator slots (510), the slot located on the left side... The stator slots (510) are sequentially arranged with slot layers 1, 2...m. One of the stator slots (510) located on the right side is sequentially arranged with slot layers 1, 2...(m+1), where m is an even number not less than 4. The odd-even mixed layer winding structure includes winding lines for three phases: U, V, and W. The winding lines for phases V and W are obtained by sequentially shifting the winding branch of phase U by Z / 3p and 2Z / 3p stator slots (510), respectively. The winding line of each phase is completely wound in two stator slots (510) forming the same group, and is evenly spaced by four stator slots (510). The winding line of each phase includes n parallel winding branches, and each winding branch includes several hairpin coils (100). The hairpin coil (100) includes two spaced effective sides (110), and the effective sides (110) are located in the stator slot. (510) in one of the slot layers; wherein the hairpin coil (100) is provided with m / 2+1 cross-layer methods: two effective edges (110) cross the first slot layer and the second slot layer, two effective edges (110) cross the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer... two effective edges (110) cross the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer, and two effective edges (110) cross the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer.

2. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hairpin coil (100) further includes a soldering end (120) and a hairpin end (130). Two soldering ends (120) are provided, each located at the same end of one of the two effective sides (110). The hairpin end (130) connects to the other end of the two effective sides (110). The hairpin coil (100) can be of two types: a lapped coil (100a) and a reverse-twist coil (100b). The two soldering ends (120) of the lapped coil (100a) extend in a direction that brings them closer together. The reverse-twist coil... The two welding ends (120) of (100b) extend in the same direction. The cross-layer mode is that the two effective edges (110) cross the first slot layer and the second slot layer, the two effective edges (110) cross the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, and so on. The hairpin coils (100) that cross the (m-1)th slot layer and the mth slot layer are all the stacked coils (100a). The cross-layer mode is that the hairpin coils (100) that cross the (m+1)th slot layer and the (m+1)th slot layer are all the reverse twisted coils (100b).

3. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each winding branch also includes a bridge wire (200) that connects two hairpin coils (100), both of which are the lapped coils (100a).

4. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, All hairpin coils (100) of the same cross-layer method have the same pitch.

5. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Z = 48, p = 4, m = 6, n = 2 or 4, the cross-layer mode is that the two effective edges (110) cross the first slot layer and the second slot layer, the two effective edges (110) cross the third slot layer and the fourth slot layer, the two effective edges (110) cross the fifth slot layer and the sixth slot layer, and the two effective edges (110) cross the seventh slot layer and the seventh slot layer. The pitch of the hairpin coil (100) is 6 slots.

6. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each winding branch enters through the first slot layer of the stator slot (510) and exits through the first slot layer of the stator slot (510).

7. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, When n=4, the first winding branch of the U phase is: 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6-8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1； The second winding branch of the U phase is: 13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1； The third winding branch of the U phase is: 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-31.1； The fourth winding branch of the U phase is: 37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1。 8. The odd-even mixed-layer winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, When n=2, the first winding branch of the U phase is: 1.1-7.2-2.1-8.2-1.3-7.4-2.3-8.4-1.5-7.6-2.5-8.6-1.7-7.7-14.6 -8.5-13.6-7.5-14.4-8.3-13.4-7.3-14.2-8.1-13.2-7.1-13.1-19.2-14.1-20.2-13.3-19.4-14.3-20.4-13.5-19.6-14.5-20.6-13.7-19.7-26.6-20.5-25.6-19.5-26.4-20.3-25.4-19.3-26.2-20.1-25.2-19.1； The second winding branch of the U phase is: 25.1-31.2-26.1-32.2-25.3-31.4-26.3-32.24-25.5-31.6-26.5-32.6-25.7-31.7-38.6-32.5-37.6-31.5-38.4-32.3-37.4-31.3-38.2-32.1-37.2-31.1-37.1-43.2-38.1-44.2-37.3-43.4-38.3-44.4-37.5-43.6-38.5-44.6-37.7-43.7-2.6-44.5-1.6-43.5-2.4-44.3-1.4-43.3-2.2-44.1-1.2-43.1。 9. A stator assembly, characterized in that, The stator assembly includes the odd-even mixed layer winding structure as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electric motor, characterized in that, The motor includes the stator assembly as described in claim 9.

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