Method for storing Ixeris denticulata seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for storing Ixeris denticulata seeds, and belongs to the technical field of seed storage. Comprising the following steps: (1) seed treatment: collecting seeds in a complete ripening stage of Ixeris denticulata, removing impurities to obtain mature and full seeds, disinfecting and washing with clear water; (2) seed drying: air-drying the seeds obtained in the step (1) until the water content is 7%-10%; and (3) loading the air-dried seeds into a sealing bag, freeze-drying and storing for a long time or refrigerating for a short time. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the seeds are dried in the shade to a certain water content and are frozen and stored, so that the storage time of the seeds can be remarkably prolonged to 3y or more from about 0.5 y under a natural condition, the operation and cultivation mode of the Ixeris denticulata can be improved, large-scale introduction and cultivation are facilitated, and meanwhile, reseeding can be performed in time to provide high-quality seeds when encountering natural disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed storage, in particular to a method for storing oleander seeds. Background Art

[0002] Ipomoea aquatica is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Lactuca in the Asteraceae family. It is cross-pollinated, has a taproot system, and has a thick, spindle-shaped taproot that penetrates more than 80 cm into the soil. The root clusters are concentrated in the soil layer of 0 cm to 25 cm. The plant is tall and upright, with a height of 0.6 m to 2.5 m. The stem is thick, smooth and hairless, and the stem is 3.5 cm to 4.7 cm thick. Initially, it is basal, clustered, and has abundant leaves. The leaves are elliptical and oblanceolate, with entire or wavy edges and short petioles. The leaves are gray-green or purple-red in the rosette stage, and the whole leaves are gray-green after bud formation. The leaf length is 14 cm to 60 cm, and the leaf width is 4.5 cm to 17 cm. The inflorescence is capitulated, with ligulate flowers, light yellow, and achenes, which are long and ovate. When mature, they are brown-black, with white pappus on the top. The weight of 1,000 seeds of Ipomoea aquatica is about 1 g, which is a very small seed with a weight of less than 5 g. The whole plant is rich in white latex and tastes bitter. The utilization value of Sophora flavescens is high, and it has multiple functions such as medicine, food, and feed. As a medicinal plant, Sophora flavescens has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, removing pus, stopping bleeding and promoting tissue regeneration, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and liver protection, and can treat diabetes, sores, unidentified swelling, uterine bleeding and other diseases. As a feed plant, it has a strong ability to adapt to the environment, low planting cost, rapid reproduction, fresh grass, good palatability, and is a green and juicy feed that livestock, poultry, and fish like to eat.

[0003] After the harvest of dandelion seeds, in order to facilitate management, demonstration and promotion, natural disaster replanting and other requirements, they are often stored for a period of time before planting. However, compared with general crop seeds, dandelion seeds have small grains, short storage life, and large differences in storage conditions. The existing crop seed storage technology cannot well meet the storage of dandelion seeds. Secondly, there is currently no technical method specifically for the storage and utilization of very small seeds such as dandelion, and the actual operation of dandelion seed storage cannot be realized in a simple and easy-to-understand manner. Thirdly, with the large-scale application and promotion of dandelion high-quality forage, a storage method that prolongs the seed storage time, maintains seed vitality for a long time, ensures seed germination rate, and improves the emergence rate of dandelion is urgently needed in actual production, and the current technology cannot solve this problem. Therefore, it is necessary to study suitable methods and design new technical solutions to solve them.

[0004] The seeds of bitter vine stored at room temperature are very easy to inactivate, thus losing the ability to germinate and being not resistant to storage. According to previous literature reports, bitter vine seeds cannot germinate after being stored for 16 months at room temperature or 25°C. In production, small seeds have less stored nutrients and poor moisture retention, and are less rapidly converted into small molecules in the early stage of germination, providing a poor material basis for seed germination. Their germination rate and germination index are significantly lower than those of large and medium seeds, and the dormancy ability of medium and small seeds is lower than that of large seeds. As a result, bitter vine seeds need to be sown in the same year or the next year after harvest, are not resistant to storage, and their germination ability decreases rapidly, which seriously hinders the operation and demonstration and promotion of bitter vine seeds. If natural disasters such as high temperature, pests and diseases, and heavy rains during the harvest period are encountered for two consecutive years, resulting in poor seed harvests, the lack of suitable seed storage methods, and the inability to ensure timely seed supply in production will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, seed preservation in the cultivation and production process of bitter vine has become an increasingly prominent limiting factor. In the cultivation and production of bittercress, a method to prolong the seed storage time is urgently needed to maintain seed vitality for a long time, ensure the seed germination rate, and increase the emergence rate of bittercress. At the same time, it provides conditions for introduction and cultivation in other areas and replanting during natural disasters.

[0005] At present, the storage of dandelion is mainly based on the national standard GB / T 7415-2008 for crop seed storage, including warehouse conditions, seed storage requirements, seed storage, stacking marks, inspection, seed pest control, seed storage moisture control, and seed storage period, but it cannot be specifically applied to the storage requirements of dandelion seeds and similar very small seeds. In order to ensure the long-term storage of dandelion and maintain a good germination rate and vitality, a lower storage temperature than large and medium seeds is required to control the changes in seed nutrients and water content. Although the patents "Rapeseed Storage Method" (Patent No.: CN 102090178 A) and "A Panax Notoginseng Seed Storage Method" (Patent No.: CN 104996103 A) can provide certain references, there are no relevant patents specifically applied to the storage of dandelion seeds. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for storing lycopodii seeds to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a method for storing oleander seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Seed treatment: Collect seeds of Sophora flavescens at the mature stage, remove impurities, obtain mature and full seeds, disinfect them and wash them with clean water;

[0010] (2) Seed drying: air-drying the seeds obtained in step 1) to a moisture content of 7% to 10%;

[0011] (3) The air-dried seeds are placed in sealed bags and freeze-dried for long-term storage or refrigerated for short-term storage.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0013] 1) Simple, easy to understand, and easy to operate. The method of the present invention is simple and detailed, easy to operate, easy to use, requires simple equipment, saves storage space, has low processing costs, and is easy to promote and apply in actual production.

[0014] 2) Highly targeted. The inventor has studied the breeding and cultivation of oleander for many years and has a large amount of experience and test data in the actual production and application of oleander seed storage. After repeated tests and studies on the storage temperature, humidity, and years of oleander, a highly targeted method for storing oleander seeds was obtained, which can also provide a basis for the storage of other similar very small seeds.

[0015] 3) High actual production value. At present, the use of bitter endive is becoming more and more extensive. It is not only used in the breeding of pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, and fish, but also widely used in silage preparation, functional health care, disease prevention, etc. of herbivorous animals such as cattle and sheep. The implementation of this method has promoted the breadth of bitter endive management, application, and demonstration.

[0016] 4) The present invention uses sealed bags to store seeds at low temperature and keep them moist, which can delay the development of embryos and facilitate the storage and transportation of seeds.

[0017] 5) Prolonging the storage time of seeds: The method of the present invention can significantly prolong the storage time of seeds by air-drying the seeds to a certain moisture content and freezing them for storage, extending the storage time from about 0.5 years under natural conditions to more than 3 years at most. It can improve the management and cultivation mode of Sophora flavescens, facilitate large-scale introduction and cultivation, and provide high-quality seeds for timely replanting in the event of natural disasters.

[0018] 6) Strict temperature control during pod processing and seed storage effectively prevents seed deterioration and ensures that the vitality of seeds after storage is close to that of fresh seeds.

[0019] 7) The present invention provides a new method and opens up a new path for the storage of extremely small seeds with a thousand-grain weight of less than 5g. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. The methods in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents used are conventional commercially available reagents or reagents prepared by conventional methods unless otherwise specified. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0022] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0023] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to the skilled artisan. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0024] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0025] The technical solutions described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional solutions in the art, and the reagents or raw materials used, unless otherwise specified, are purchased from commercial channels or have been disclosed.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for storing lycopodii seeds, comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) Seed treatment: Collect seeds of Sophora flavescens at the mature stage, remove impurities, obtain mature and full seeds, disinfect them and wash them with clean water;

[0028] (2) Seed drying: air-drying the seeds obtained in step 1) to a moisture content of 7% to 10%;

[0029] (3) The air-dried seeds are placed in sealed bags and freeze-dried for long-term storage or refrigerated for short-term storage.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the disinfection method is: disinfection with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes.

[0031] The purpose of disinfection is to kill the microorganisms on the surface of the seeds to prevent the seeds from becoming moldy during subsequent storage; after the disinfection, the seeds are washed with clean water to prevent the disinfectant from remaining on the seeds and damaging the vitality of the seeds.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the air-drying method is: spreading and air-drying evenly for 24-72 hours at a temperature of 10-30° C. and a relative humidity of 20-60%.

[0033] The air-drying method is to spread it out to prevent uneven drying and mold and deterioration.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the sealed bag is selected from a sealed aluminum foil bag or a 3-7 layer aluminum-plastic composite bag; the sealed bag is opaque.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the freeze-dried long-term storage temperature is -20°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the time is 1-3 years.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the short-term refrigeration temperature is 4° C., the relative humidity is ≤ 60%, and the time is 6 to 12 months.

[0037] During long-term freeze-drying storage or short-term cold storage, the seeds are kept in a dormant stage, that is, the embryos basically do not develop or grow very slowly, which prolongs the embryo development time. The seeds fully meet the requirements of replanting and transportation in production.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the fully mature seeds are as follows: the pods are yellow-brown; the pods are dry, the parapets are half-cracked, the pappus are exposed, and the pappus is not easy to fall off; the seeds are dark brown.

[0039] In some specific embodiments, the seeds obtained in step 1) are air-dried to a moisture content of 8%.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the method for removing impurities is to use a seed screen to screen out the impurities.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] 1) Seed acquisition: The seeds of Ilex oleraceus were collected in batches at the mature stage, and the impurities such as the pericarp and pappus were removed. The seeds were then disinfected with a 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) aqueous solution for 10 min and then repeatedly washed with clean water.

[0043] 2) Seed drying: Spread the seeds evenly and air-dry them for 24 hours at 20°C and a relative humidity of 30% to obtain seeds with a moisture content of 8%.

[0044] 3) Low-temperature drying and storage: the seeds treated in step 2) are placed in sealed composite aluminum foil bags and stored in refrigerators at room temperature, 4°C, -20°C, and -80°C for 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months, 10 months, 1 year, and 3 years. At the end of each storage period, the seeds are tested for germination rate, germination potential, germination index, root length, seedling height, seedling fresh weight, vitality index, average germination time, synchronization index, and other indicators. The data are shown in Table 1.

[0045] 4) The seeds stored by the method of the present invention are tested for germination rate: 100 seeds of each variety of each treatment of bitter endive are placed in a culture dish covered with 2 layers of moist filter paper, and cultured in a light incubator. The culture conditions are set to 8h 25 (± 1) ℃ light, 16h 15 (± 1) ℃ dark, and repeated 4 times. The seed germination standard is that the radicle breaks through the seed coat by 1mm, and the seed germination end standard is that there is no seed germination for 5 consecutive days. The germination potential is counted on the 7th day of the germination test, and the germination rate is counted on the 21st day. After the germination is completed, the seedling length (cm) and root length (cm) of the seedling are measured with a ruler, and the fresh seedling weight (g) is weighed to calculate the germination index, vitality index, average germination time, and synchronization index. As shown in Table 1, the present invention can significantly prolong the storage time of seeds, keep the seeds more vigorous, and the germination rate after planting is high.

[0046] Table 1 Seed storage time and vitality changes

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] The results of this experiment showed that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vitality index and synchronization index of mature oleander seeds stored at room temperature for one year decreased by 59%, 74.23%, 67.17%, 68.76% and 29.87% respectively, and the germination ability was basically lost after three years of storage. The vitality of seeds stored at low temperature was higher than that stored at room temperature, which had a certain promoting effect on seed germination. The oleander seeds stored at 4℃, -20℃ and -80℃ could maintain a good germination rate. The germination rate decreased by 30.33%, 10% and 11% respectively after half a year of storage, 24%, 3% and 6% respectively after one year of storage, and 32.67%, 21% and 12% respectively after three years of storage. However, with the extension of storage time, the germination potential and germination index of seeds stored at 4℃ showed a downward trend. -20℃ and -80℃ can maintain or even improve germination potential, germination index, root length, seedling height, seedling fresh weight, vitality index and germination synchronization index. Taking short-term utilization, energy conservation and emission reduction into consideration, 4℃ can be selected for 6-12 months storage of seeds, and -20℃ can be selected for 1-3 years storage of seeds.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technical users in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for storing oleander seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed treatment: Collect seeds of Sophora flavescens at the mature stage, remove impurities, obtain mature and full seeds, disinfect them and wash them with clean water; (2) Seed drying: air-drying the seeds obtained in step 1) to a moisture content of 7% to 10%; (3) The air-dried seeds are placed in sealed bags and freeze-dried for long-term storage or refrigerated for short-term storage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The disinfection method is: using 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection for 10 minutes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The air-drying method is: spreading out and air-drying evenly for 24 to 72 hours at a temperature of 10 to 30° C. and a relative humidity of 20% to 60%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed bag is selected from a sealed aluminum foil bag or a 3-7 layer aluminum-plastic composite bag; the sealed bag is lightproof.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature of the freeze-dried long-term storage is -20°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the time is 1 to 3 years.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The short-term refrigeration temperature is 4° C., the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the time is 6 to 12 months.

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