Zero-energy-consumption greenhouse capable of adjusting temperature and humidity by combining detachable photovoltaic and multi-spectral regulation and control film

Abstract

The invention discloses a zero-energy-consumption greenhouse capable of adjusting temperature and humidity by combining detachable photovoltaic and multi-spectral regulation and control films, and belongs to the technical field of greenhouses. The problems that in the prior art, a photovoltaic greenhouse is uneven in temperature and humidity distribution, and crops grow slowly are solved. The technical key points are as follows: a semitransparent photovoltaic panel and a multispectral regulation and control film are laid on the upper surface of the steel frame, the semitransparent photovoltaic panel and the multispectral regulation and control film are distributed in a chessboard shape, the semitransparent photovoltaic panel is detachable, an upper ventilation window and a lower ventilation window are arranged on the steel frame, and the upper ventilation window and the lower ventilation window can rotate by 0-180 degrees around a shaft. According to the invention, precise regulation and control of the light environment and the temperature and humidity environment in the greenhouse can be realized, ideal conditions are provided for crop growth, zero-energy-consumption operation of the greenhouse is realized, the system also has the advantages of flexibility, environmental friendliness, promotion of crop growth and the like, and the research provides a basis for design and application of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of greenhouse technology, specifically to a zero-energy greenhouse that combines detachable photovoltaic and multi-spectral control film to regulate temperature and humidity. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaics, as a clean and renewable energy source, can directly power equipment such as lighting, illumination, and water pumps in facility agriculture, effectively reducing carbon emissions in agricultural production. Currently, research on applying photovoltaic modules to solar greenhouses to improve the greenhouse temperature and light environment and increase the utilization rate of renewable energy is attracting attention.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation can save energy and reduce emissions, producing no greenhouse gas emissions during the process, thus helping to mitigate global warming; it can reduce energy costs, although the initial installation cost is high, it can significantly reduce electricity expenses in the long run; it can improve energy self-sufficiency, reducing dependence on traditional energy sources to some extent and improving energy security; it can increase property value, as environmentally friendly and energy-efficient houses are increasingly popular with homebuyers, and houses equipped with photovoltaic systems have a higher market value; it benefits from government subsidies and tax incentives, with many regions offering subsidies or tax breaks for households installing photovoltaic power generation systems, further reducing installation costs; it is green and environmentally friendly, as photovoltaic power generation does not consume fuel or emit greenhouse gases or other waste gases, making it harmless to the environment; and it is versatile and flexible, as photovoltaic power generation systems can be installed on rooftops, walls, and other locations on buildings, adapting to various environments and needs.

[0004] However, the initial investment cost of photovoltaic power generation is high, and the purchase and installation costs of photovoltaic systems are still not low, which is a considerable expense for some families. Affected by weather and geographical location, photovoltaic power generation will decrease on cloudy or rainy days or when there is insufficient sunlight in winter. Differences in the duration and intensity of sunshine in different regions will also affect the power generation efficiency. A certain amount of space is required. Installing photovoltaic panels requires sufficient roof or yard space, which may be a major problem for houses with limited space. The technology is updated and iterated quickly. Photovoltaic technology is updated and replaced quickly, and early installed systems may soon become obsolete. It works intermittently. Photovoltaic power generation depends on sunlight and cannot generate electricity at night and on cloudy days, resulting in unstable power supply.

[0005] In existing technologies, photovoltaic greenhouses are either fully covered by photovoltaic panels or combine photovoltaics with glass. First, the extensive installation of photovoltaic modules can block sunlight, reducing the amount of light received by crops and affecting their photosynthesis. Second, areas without photovoltaic modules allow sunlight of all wavelengths to pass through, some of which are detrimental to crop growth. In particular, excessive near-infrared light in summer can cause excessively high temperatures inside the greenhouse. Furthermore, uneven humidity distribution inside the greenhouse, regardless of whether it is winter or summer, can also have adverse effects on crop growth and development.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a zero-energy greenhouse that combines detachable photovoltaic technology with a multi-spectral control film to regulate temperature and humidity, in order to solve the problems of uneven temperature and humidity distribution and slow crop growth in existing photovoltaic greenhouses. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above facts, in order to solve the problem of uneven temperature and humidity distribution and slow crop growth in existing photovoltaic greenhouses, this invention designs a zero-energy greenhouse that combines detachable photovoltaic panels with a multi-spectral control film to regulate temperature and humidity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A zero-energy greenhouse that combines detachable photovoltaic panels with a multi-spectral control film to regulate temperature and humidity includes a foundation, semi-transparent photovoltaic panels, a multi-spectral control film, temperature and humidity sensors, a machine room, a hot water storage tank, a photoelectric heater, a fan, an enclosure wall, a steel frame, thin steel plates, a sealed door, a junction box, a computer, an upper ventilation window, a lower ventilation window, and a buried heating coil device.

[0010] The buried heating coil device is fixedly installed at the lower end of the foundation, and the retaining wall is fixedly installed at the upper end of the foundation;

[0011] The enclosure wall is an open structure on the front side, and a thin steel plate is installed on the upper end of the rear wall. The open part is covered with a steel frame, and a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel and a multi-spectral control film are laid on the upper surface of the steel frame. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel and the multi-spectral control film are distributed in a checkerboard pattern, and the semi-transparent photovoltaic panel is detachable. The steel frame is equipped with an upper ventilation window and a lower ventilation window.

[0012] A hot water storage tank is installed on the outside of the enclosure wall. The water in the hot water storage tank is heated by a photovoltaic heater. A semi-transparent photovoltaic panel provides power to the photovoltaic heater. The hot water storage tank is connected to the buried heating coil device.

[0013] The side of the enclosure wall is equipped with a sealed door;

[0014] An equipment room is set up on the outside of the enclosure wall. Inside the equipment room, there is a combiner box and a computer. Inside the combiner box, there is an inverter and a battery. Temperature and humidity sensors and fans are set up inside the greenhouse. The temperature and humidity sensors and fans are electrically connected to the computer.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower ventilation windows can rotate 0-180° around an axis.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper and lower ventilation windows are covered with insect-proof mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, silicone sealing strips are provided around the upper and lower ventilation windows.

[0018] Furthermore: the buried heating coil device includes a buried heating coil, a first temperature control valve, a second temperature control valve, and a water pump;

[0019] The inlet and outlet of the buried heating coil are both connected to the hot water storage tank. A first temperature control valve and a water pump are installed at the inlet of the buried heating coil, and a second temperature control valve is installed at the outlet of the buried heating coil. The first temperature control valve, the second temperature control valve, and the water pump are electrically connected to the computer.

[0020] Furthermore, the buried heating coil is a serpentine coil.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. Based on the different light requirements of different crops, this invention can flexibly adjust the number of photovoltaic modules removed and their arrangement to determine the shading rate of the greenhouse, thereby regulating the light and temperature inside the greenhouse; and the semi-transparent photovoltaic panels can allow some light to pass through while absorbing solar energy, reducing shading and ensuring that crops receive sufficient light.

[0023] 2. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel and the multi-spectral control film in this invention are combined in a checkerboard pattern to effectively improve energy utilization efficiency. The multi-spectral control film can selectively absorb and re-emit solar radiation energy, enabling the photovoltaic module to more effectively capture and utilize solar radiation energy in specific wavelengths, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency. The multi-spectral control film can also meet the specific needs of different crops for light intensity and spectrum by controlling the spectral composition, thereby improving the growth rate and quality of crops.

[0024] 3. This invention provides electrical support for the greenhouse, powering equipment such as fans, photovoltaic heaters, and temperature and humidity sensors, enabling zero-energy operation of the greenhouse. The temperature and humidity sensors detect indoor temperature and humidity, allowing for the determination of appropriate active ventilation time and volume based on the suitable temperature and humidity for different crops. During low winter temperatures, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic modules powers the photovoltaic heaters, and the heated water in the hot water storage tank is pumped through buried heating coils to transfer heat to the soil, thereby increasing the temperature inside the greenhouse. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a buried heating coil device;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the computer room structure.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Foundation, 2-Semi-transparent photovoltaic panel, 3-Insect-proof mesh, 4-Multi-spectral control membrane, 5-Temperature and humidity sensor, 6-Computer room, 7-Hot water storage tank, 8-Photovoltaic heater, 9-Fan, 10-Enclosure wall, 11-Steel frame, 12-Silicone sealing strip, 13-Thin steel plate, 14-Airtight door, 15-First temperature control valve, 16-Second temperature control valve, 17-Water pump, 18-Buried heating coil, 19-Combiner box, 20-Computer, 21-Upper ventilation window, 22-Lower ventilation window. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0033] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Example: This example describes a zero-energy greenhouse that combines detachable photovoltaic panels with a multi-spectral control film to regulate temperature and humidity. The greenhouse includes a foundation 1, a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2, a multi-spectral control film 4, a temperature and humidity sensor 5, a machine room 6, a hot water storage tank 7, a photoelectric heater 8, a fan, an enclosure wall 10, a steel frame 11, a thin steel plate 13, a sealed door 14, a junction box 19, a computer 20, an upper ventilation window 21, a lower ventilation window 22, and a buried heating coil device.

[0038] The buried heating coil device is fixedly installed at the lower end of the foundation 1, and the enclosure wall 10 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the foundation 1, which can improve the stability of the greenhouse and provide heat preservation.

[0039] The enclosure wall 10 has an open front structure, with a thin steel plate 13 installed at the upper end of the rear wall. The open part is covered with a steel frame 11 for support. The upper surface of the steel frame 11 is covered with a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 and a multi-spectral control film 4. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 and the multi-spectral control film 4 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 is detachable. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 can adjust the photovoltaic coverage rate according to the actual needs of the crops, reduce shading, and ensure that the crops receive sufficient light. The multi-spectral control film 4 can adjust the light of different wavelengths to enter the greenhouse according to the growth needs of the crops. The steel frame 11 is equipped with an upper ventilation window 21 and a lower ventilation window 22, which can flexibly select the active ventilation mode according to the humidity environment inside the greenhouse.

[0040] A hot water storage tank 7 is installed on the outside of the enclosure wall 10. The water in the hot water storage tank 7 is heated by a photoelectric heater 8. The semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 provides power to the photoelectric heater 8. The hot water storage tank 7 is connected to the buried heating coil device.

[0041] The side of the enclosure wall 10 is provided with a sealed door 14 to ensure the sealed environment of the greenhouse.

[0042] An equipment room 6 is set up on the outside of the enclosure wall 10. Inside the equipment room 6, a combiner box 19 and a computer 20 are installed. Inside the combiner box 19, there is an inverter and a storage battery. Inside the greenhouse, there is a temperature and humidity sensor 5 and a fan 9. The temperature and humidity sensor 5 and the fan 9 are electrically connected to the computer 20.

[0043] More specifically: the upper ventilation window 21 and the lower ventilation window 22 can rotate 0-180° around the axis to flexibly adjust the size of the ventilation opening.

[0044] More specifically: the upper ventilation window 21 and the lower ventilation window 22 are covered with insect-proof mesh 3.

[0045] More specifically: silicone sealing strips 12 are provided around the upper ventilation window 21 and the lower ventilation window 22 to ensure good airtightness inside the greenhouse when the rotatable steel frame is not rotating.

[0046] More specifically: There are two temperature and humidity sensors 5 inside the greenhouse, which can monitor the temperature and humidity data inside the greenhouse in real time and transmit this data to the computer 20;

[0047] There are three fans 9 in the greenhouse. When the temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse are detected to be too high, the upper ventilation window 21 and the lower ventilation window 22 are opened and the fans 9 are turned on to actively ventilate the greenhouse, so as to quickly cool down and dehumidify, and timely regulate the changes in temperature and humidity environment inside the greenhouse.

[0048] More specifically: the computer 20 can collect, monitor in real time, record and analyze the data from the temperature and humidity sensor 5; the inverter can convert the DC power generated by the semi-transparent photovoltaic panel 2 into AC power to power the temperature and humidity sensor 5, computer 20, fan 9, water pump 17 and photoelectric heater 8 in the greenhouse; the battery can store the excess power generated by the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the equipment in the greenhouse can still operate normally when there is insufficient sunlight or at night.

[0049] More specifically: the buried heating coil device 23 includes a buried heating coil 18, a first temperature control valve 15, a second temperature control valve 16, and a water pump 17;

[0050] The inlet and outlet of the buried heating coil 18 are both connected to the hot water storage tank 7. A first temperature control valve 15 and a water pump 17 are installed at the inlet of the buried heating coil 18, and a second temperature control valve 16 is installed at the outlet of the buried heating coil 18. The first temperature control valve 15, the second temperature control valve 16, and the water pump 17 are electrically connected to the computer 20.

[0051] More specifically: the buried heating coil 18 is a serpentine coil, which can be buried at different depths according to the temperature requirements of different crops.

[0052] More specifically: The buried heating coil device is only turned on during the low temperatures of winter. When the temperature inside the greenhouse is lower than the plant growth temperature, the first temperature control valve 15 is opened to supply hot water to the buried heating coil 18 to heat the soil inside the greenhouse. The first temperature control valve 15 can sense the water temperature in the water tank and adjust it according to the set water supply temperature to ensure a stable water supply temperature. When the temperature of the water entering the water tank is lower than the set value, the second temperature control valve 16 will increase its opening to allow more low-temperature water to enter the water tank to heat or maintain the water temperature inside the tank until the temperature inside the greenhouse reaches the suitable temperature for plant growth. Then, the heating coil device 18 is turned off and the water in the coil is drained.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the specific embodiments disclosed in this application can be combined with each other in any way, and will not cause the substance of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A zero-energy greenhouse that combines a detachable photovoltaic and multi-spectral regulation membrane to regulate temperature and humidity, characterized in that: It comprises a foundation (1), a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel (2), a multi-spectral control film (4), a temperature and humidity sensor (5), a machine room (6), a hot water storage tank (7), a photoelectric heater (8), a fan (9), a protective wall (10), a steel frame (11), a thin steel plate (13), a sealed door (14), a junction box (19), a computer (20), an upper ventilation window (21), a lower ventilation window (22), and an underground heating coil device; An underground heating coil device is fixedly installed at the lower end of the foundation (1), and a surrounding wall (10) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the foundation (1); The enclosure wall (10) is a front-side open structure, a thin steel plate (13) is provided at the upper end of the rear wall, a steel frame (11) is laid on the open part, a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel (2) and a multi-spectral regulation film (4) are laid on the upper surface of the steel frame (11), the semi-transparent photovoltaic panel (2) and the multi-spectral regulation film (4) are distributed in a chessboard shape, and the semi-transparent photovoltaic panel (2) is detachable, and an upper ventilation window (21) and a lower ventilation window (22) are provided on the steel frame (11); A hot water storage tank (7) is arranged outside the enclosure wall (10), water in the hot water storage tank (7) is heated by a photoelectric heater (8), a semi-transparent photovoltaic panel (2) provides power to the photoelectric heater (8), and the hot water storage tank (7) is connected to an underground heating coil device; A sealed door (14) is provided on the side of the enclosure wall (10); A machine room (6) is arranged outside the enclosure wall (10), a junction box (19) and a computer (20) are arranged inside the machine room (6), an inverter and a storage battery are arranged inside the junction box (19), a temperature and humidity sensor (5) and a fan (9) are arranged inside the greenhouse, and the temperature and humidity sensor (5) and the fan (9) are electrically connected to the computer (20).

2. According to claim 1, a zero-energy greenhouse for regulating temperature and humidity by combining a detachable photovoltaic and a multi-spectral regulating film, characterized in that: The upper ventilation window (21) and the lower ventilation window (22) can rotate around the axis by 0-180 degrees.

3. According to claim 1, a zero-energy greenhouse for regulating temperature and humidity by combining a detachable photovoltaic and a multi-spectral regulating film, characterized in that: The upper ventilation window (21) and the lower ventilation window (22) are covered with insect-proof gauze (3).

4. According to claim 1, a zero-energy greenhouse for regulating temperature and humidity by combining a detachable photovoltaic and a multi-spectral regulating film, characterized in that: Silicone sealing strips (12) are arranged around the upper ventilation window (21) and the lower ventilation window (22).

5. According to claim 1, a zero-energy greenhouse for regulating temperature and humidity by combining a detachable photovoltaic and a multi-spectral regulating film, characterized in that: The underground heating coil device comprises an underground heating coil (18), a first temperature control valve (15), a second temperature control valve (16), and a water pump (17); The water inlet and outlet of the underground heating coil (18) are both connected to the hot water storage tank (7); a first temperature control valve (15) and a water pump (17) are arranged at the water inlet of the underground heating coil (18); a second temperature control valve (16) is arranged at the water outlet of the underground heating coil (18); the first temperature control valve (15), the second temperature control valve (16) and the water pump (17) are electrically connected to a computer (20).

6. A zero-energy greenhouse for regulating temperature and humidity by combining a detachable photovoltaic and multi-spectral regulating film according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buried heating coil (18) is a serpentine coil.

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