Laser selective melting forming device suitable for vibration weightlessness environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration weightlessness environment, and the laser selective melting forming device comprises a laser moving unit, a powder splashing prevention unit, a powder storage unit, a powder processing platform and a powder feeding unit, the laser moving unit is arranged above the powder splashing prevention unit; the powder feeding unit is arranged on the side face of the powder machining platform, a roller is arranged in the powder splashing prevention unit, powder is fed into the powder machining platform through the roller, powder splashing is prevented by controlling movement of the powder in the powder machining platform through electrostatic force, and the powder is flattened through the roller. And laser selective melting forming is carried out in a vibration weightlessness environment. According to the technical scheme, the laser selective melting forming device suitable for the vibration weightlessness environment and high-energy laser processing cladding are reasonable in structural design, simple in structure, capable of being suitable for the vibration weightlessness environment, good in anti-splashing effect and good in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of simulation experiment devices, and in particular to a laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of aviation equipment technology is the basis for improving the core competitiveness of my country's aerospace strategy. In the complex space environment, equipment materials need to face the challenges of vibration and weightlessness while maintaining excellent mechanical properties. This not only restricts the manufacturing development of my country's aerospace equipment, but also concerns aerospace work. Surface coating technology is an effective method. With the development of deep-sea equipment, the development of under-powder repair methods is also imminent. At present, there is no laser selective melting forming equipment in a vibrating and weightless environment. In the vibrating and weightless environment, the powder will splash and suspend, and laser selective melting forming cannot be achieved; therefore, traditional laser selective melting forming equipment cannot meet the requirements of effective work in a vibrating and weightless environment, resulting in poor forming quality and uncontrollable powder. The equipment relies on high-voltage alternating current to generate an alternating electric field to stabilize the characteristics of metal powder and eliminate the characteristics of powder splashing and suspension; it has the advantages of simple equipment and strong practicality.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with application number CN201510136912.6 proposes a selective laser melting device. The patent discloses the technical solution that "by adding a flatness detector and a computer, the flatness detector can detect the flatness of the upper layer of the molded part in real time and transmit the flatness data to the computer. Once the processed part of the molded part is detected to be warped, the computer sends a stop signal to the motor to stop the powder spreading movement of the scraper to prevent the scraper from colliding with the molded part, and avoid material waste and damage to the scraper." It solves the simulation of the laser selective melting molding device under conventional conditions. The scraper-type design is used to flatten and transport powder, and the laser selective melting procedure can be performed and can work under conventional conditions. However, the above technical solution has an overly complex structure, resulting in high manufacturing costs, and is not suitable for vibrating and weightless environments. The operation difficulty is too high, and special training may be required to use it proficiently. It will also increase the cost and risk of use, and the practicality is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment, which has a reasonable structural design, a simple structure, can be used in a vibration and weightlessness environment, has a good anti-splashing effect and is practical.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibrating weightless environment, comprising a laser moving unit, a powder splash prevention unit, a powder storage unit, a powder processing platform and a powder feeding unit, wherein the powder splash prevention unit is located above the powder processing platform, and the laser moving unit is arranged above the powder splash prevention unit; the powder feeding unit is arranged on the side of the powder processing platform, and a roller is arranged in the powder splash prevention unit, and powder is fed into the powder processing platform by the roller, and the movement of powder in the powder processing platform is controlled by electrostatic force to prevent powder splashing, and the powder is flattened by the roller, and laser selective melting forming is performed in a vibrating weightless environment.

[0006] The present invention is further configured as follows: the laser moving unit includes a main frame, an X-axis moving frame, a Y-axis moving frame, an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis guide rail fixing block, a Y-axis guide rail fixing block, a galvanometer fixing block, a Y-axis guide rail, a galvanometer, a side support plate and a shielding door; the two sides of the main frame are connected and fixed to the side support plates by bolts, and the side support plates are connected and fixed to the X-axis guide rail fixing block by bolts; a sliding contact is formed between the X-axis moving frame and the X-axis guide rail; the upper part of the X-axis moving frame is connected and fixed to four Y-axis guide rail fixing blocks by bolts, and the Y-axis guide rail is installed on the Y-axis guide rail fixing block; a sliding contact is formed between the Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis moving frame, and the Y-axis moving frame is connected to the Y-axis guide rail fixing block and the galvanometer by bolts.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the powder splash prevention unit includes a cover plate, an air inlet channel, an air blower, an exhaust fan, an air inlet duct, a duct support plate, a roller guide rail, a movable baffle, a bellows, an electrode sheet, an insulating plate, a roller shaft, a roller, a roller moving block and a scraper; the powder processing platform includes a processing push plate, a processing cylinder, a needle bearing, a workbench, a push plate connector, a processing push plate large gear and a processing push plate small gear, a push plate lead screw shaft, a push plate lead screw fixing block, a push plate motor, a push plate coupling and a push plate small gear shaft; the air inlet channel is located in the workbench, the air blower and the exhaust fan are located on the side of the processing cylinder, and the air blower is fixed to the lower end surface of the workbench by bolts; The pipe support plate is fixed to the upper part of the main frame by bolt connection, and the air intake pipe is fixed to the upper part of the pipe support plate by bolts; the air blown out by the exhaust fan enters the air intake channel of the pipe support plate, and the air is exhausted by the exhaust fan to form the first gas barrier, thereby preventing the splashing of powder during the processing. At the same time, the shielding door and the main frame form a closed space, and the air intake pipe above the pipe support plate releases inert gas to form a second line of defense to prevent the splashing powder from being suspended.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: a movable baffle is arranged under the cover plate, and the groove of the cover plate and the protrusion of the movable baffle are inlaid to form left and right sliding; an electrode sheet is arranged under the cover plate and the movable baffle, and the insulating plate is installed under the electrode sheet, and an alternating electric field is generated between the electrode sheet and the powder processing platform, so that the powder is positioned on the powder processing platform in an orderly manner; a roller guide is installed under the movable baffle, and a roller moving block is installed on the roller guide, and a sliding contact is formed between the roller guide and the roller moving block, a roller shaft is installed under the roller moving block, a roller is installed on the roller shaft, and a scraper is installed under the roller moving block by bolts; the transportation and leveling of the powder are realized by the roller and the scraper moving back and forth under the cover plate; the corrugated pipe prevents the powder from overflowing and getting stuck from the gap between the cover plate and the movable baffle, so that the movable baffle can operate smoothly.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the powder storage unit includes a powder storage box, a powder baffle and a powder net; the storage box is located below the powder net, the powder baffle is in the slot at the bottom of the storage box, and the excess powder is stored by roller transportation, and the powder net filters impurities. When the powder storage box is full or the molten material is replaced, the powder baffle is pulled out for recycling.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the push plate motor is fixed to the main frame by bolts, the push plate coupling is keyed to the push plate pinion shaft, and the processing push plate pinion contacts the processing push plate large gear; three push plate lead screw fixing blocks are fixed to the main frame by bolts, the push plate lead screw shaft is fixed to the lead screw fixing block by bearings, and is keyed to the processing push plate large gear and threaded to the push plate connector; one end of the push plate connector is welded to the processing push plate; the processing cylinder is fixed to the workbench by bolts, and the cylinder bottom of the processing cylinder is connected to the needle bearing by bolts; the processing push plate pinion is driven by the push plate motor, the processing push plate pinion drives the processing push plate large gear to rotate, and the processing push plate large gear drives the push plate lead screw shaft to rotate, thereby driving the push plate connector and the processing push plate to move up and down.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the powder feeding unit includes a powder feeding piston, a powder feeding cylinder, a powder feeding piston needle bearing, a powder feeding piston connector, a powder feeding large gear, a powder feeding small gear, a powder feeding lever shaft, a powder feeding lever fixing block, a powder feeding motor, a powder feeding coupling and a powder feeding small gear shaft; the powder feeding motor is fixed to the main frame by bolts, and the powder feeding coupling is key-connected to the powder feeding small gear shaft; the powder feeding small gear is fixed to the powder feeding small gear shaft by a bearing and contacts with the powder feeding large gear; three powder feeding lever fixing blocks are fixed to the main frame by bolts, the powder feeding lever shaft is fixed to the powder feeding lever fixing block by bearings, and the powder feeding lever shaft is key-connected to the powder feeding large gear; one end of the powder feeding piston connector is welded to the powder feeding piston; the powder feeding cylinder is fixed to the workbench by bolts, and the bottom of the powder feeding cylinder is bolt-connected to the powder feeding piston needle bearing; the powder feeding motor drives the powder feeding small gear to rotate, and the powder feeding small gear drives the powder feeding large gear and the powder feeding lever shaft to rotate, thereby driving the powder feeding piston connector and the powder feeding piston to move up and down.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the present invention has a reasonable structural design and is suitable for a laser selective melting forming device in a vibrating weightless environment, and can be suitable for a vibrating weightless working environment, as well as high-energy laser processing cladding.

[0013] The present invention couples the vibration and weightlessness environment with the laser processing and the powder feeding mechanism, thereby solving the sealing and processing problems of the laser processing and the powder feeding mechanism in the vibration and weightlessness environment, making the structure simple and reliable with low cost, and realizing the problem of laser melting and forming in the vibration and weightlessness environment at a very low cost.

[0014] The multi-layer anti-splash protection of the present invention includes an inner layer of protection composed of an inner air inlet channel, an air outlet fan, an air outlet channel, and an exhaust fan, and an outer layer of anti-splash protection such as an air inlet duct, a duct support plate, and a shielding door. Double protection can achieve a better anti-splash function.

[0015] The present invention uses the principle that the electrode sheet provides high voltage alternating current to generate an alternating electric field between the electrode and the powder processing platform, so that the powder on the surface of the powder bed oscillates between the insulating plate, and is repositioned on the powder processing platform in an orderly manner. The powder is ensured to be flat, which is more conducive to the processing and molding effect. The structure is simple, suitable for vibration and weightlessness environments, has good anti-splashing effect and good practicality.

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural cross-sectional front view of a laser selective melting forming device in a vibrating weightlessness environment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The left and right isometric cross-sectional side views of the laser moving unit according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a main cross-sectional view of a powder splash prevention unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of part A of the powder splash prevention unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The main left and right isometric cross-sectional views of the powder storage unit according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The main left and right isometric cross-sectional views of the powder material processing platform according to the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a main view of the left and right equal-angle sections of the powder feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of powder feeding in the first stage of the process of an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second stage of processing of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the return journey in the third stage of the process of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", and "third" appear, they are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention discloses a laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment, comprising a laser moving unit 1, an anti-powder splashing unit 2, a powder storage unit 3, a powder processing platform 4 and a powder feeding unit 5, wherein the anti-powder splashing unit 2 is located above the powder processing platform 4, and the laser moving unit 1 is arranged above the anti-powder splashing unit 2; the powder feeding unit 5 is arranged on the side of the powder processing platform 4, and a roller 212 is arranged in the anti-powder splashing unit 2, and the powder is fed into the powder processing platform 4 by the roller 212, and the movement of the powder in the powder processing platform 4 is controlled by electrostatic force to prevent the powder from splashing, and the powder is flattened by the roller 212, and laser selective melting forming is performed in a vibration and weightlessness environment.

[0020] Preferably, the laser moving unit 1 includes a main frame 10, an X-axis moving frame 11, a Y-axis moving frame 12, an X-axis guide rail 13, an X-axis guide rail fixing block 14, a Y-axis guide rail fixing block 15, a galvanometer fixing block 16, a Y-axis guide 17, a galvanometer 18, a side support plate 19 and a shielding door 110. The two sides of the main frame 10 are fixed to the side support plates 19 by bolts, and the side support plates 19 are fixed to the X-axis guide rail fixing block 14 by bolts; a sliding contact is formed between the X-axis moving frame 11 and the X-axis guide 13; the top of the X-axis moving frame 11 is fixed to the Y-axis guide rail fixing block 16 by bolts, and the Y-axis guide 17 is installed on the Y-axis guide rail fixing block 15; a sliding contact is formed between the Y-axis guide 17 and the Y-axis moving frame 12, and the Y-axis moving frame 12 is connected to the Y-axis guide rail fixing block 15 and the galvanometer 18 by bolts.

[0021] Preferably, the main frame 10 is a rectangular body with a hollow front end and a hollow interior, and side support plates 19 are installed on both sides of the interior.

[0022] The main frame 10 and the shielding door 110 form a closed space, and the air intake pipe 24 above the pipe support plate 25 releases a large amount of inert gas to place the particles at the bottom, forming a second line of defense to prevent the splashing particles from floating and vibrating to affect the processing, thereby ensuring the processing effect.

[0023] The powder splash prevention unit 2 includes a cover plate 20, an air inlet channel 21, an air outlet fan 22, an exhaust fan 23, an air inlet duct 24, a duct support plate 25, a roller guide rail 26, a movable baffle 27, a bellows 28, an electrode sheet 29, an insulating plate 210, a roller shaft 211, a roller 212, a roller moving block 213 and a scraper 214; the powder processing platform 4 includes a processing push plate 40, a processing cylinder 41, a needle bearing 42, a workbench 43, a push plate connector 44, a processing push plate large gear 45 and a processing push plate small gear 46, a push plate lead screw shaft 47, a push plate lead screw fixing block 48, a push plate motor 49, a push plate coupling 410 and a push plate small gear shaft 411; the air inlet channel 21 is located in the workbench 43, the air outlet fan 22 and the exhaust fan 23 are located on the side of the processing cylinder 41, and the air outlet fan 22 is fixed to the lower end surface of the workbench 43 by bolts; Preferably, two movable baffle rails 26 are installed under the cover plate 20, and a movable baffle 27 is installed on the movable baffle rail 27, and an electrode sheet 29 and an insulating plate 210 are installed under the cover plate 20 and the movable baffle rail 27, respectively, and the insulating plate 210 is installed under the electrode sheet 29, and a high-voltage alternating current is provided to the electrode sheet 29, so that an alternating electric field is generated between the electrode sheet 29 and the powder processing platform 4, causing the powder on the surface of the powder bed to oscillate with the insulating plate 29, so as to be re-positioned on the powder processing platform 4 in an orderly manner, and between the two movable baffles 27, only a gap of less than 1 mm is left, which is used for the powder irradiated by the laser to melt on the workbench. And the gap changes with the change of the position of the galvanometer 17, which can ensure that the laser can enter the workbench.

[0024] Preferably, high-speed wind blown out by the blower 22 enters the air inlet channel 21, and the gas enters the air inlet channel 21 through the exhaust fan 23, thereby forming a gas protection layer to prevent powder from splashing during processing and ensure the processing effect.

[0025] The pipe support plate 25 is fixed to the upper part of the main frame 10 by bolt connection, and the air intake pipe 24 is fixed to the upper part of the pipe support plate 25 by bolts; the air blown out by the air outlet fan 22 enters the air inlet channel 21 of the pipe support plate 25, and the air is exhausted by the exhaust fan 23 to form a first gas barrier, thereby preventing the splashing of powder during the processing. At the same time, the shielding door 110 and the main frame 10 form a closed space, and the air intake pipe 24 above the pipe support plate 25 releases inert gas to form a second line of defense to prevent the splashing powder from being suspended in the equipment.

[0026] A movable baffle 27 is arranged below the cover plate 20, and the groove of the cover plate 20 is inlaid with the protrusion of the movable baffle 27 to form left and right sliding; an electrode sheet 29 is arranged below the cover plate 20 and the movable baffle 27, and the insulating plate 210 is installed below the electrode sheet 29, and an alternating electric field is generated between the electrode sheet 29 and the powder processing platform 4, so that the powder is positioned on the powder processing platform 4 in an orderly manner; a roller guide rail 26 is installed below the movable baffle 27, a roller moving block 213 is installed on the roller guide rail 26, a roller shaft 211 is installed below the roller moving block 213, a roller 212 is installed on the roller shaft 211, and a scraper 214 is installed below the roller moving block 213 by bolts; the roller 212 and the scraper 214 move back and forth below the cover plate 20 to realize the transportation of powder and the paving of powder; the bellows 28 prevents the powder from overflowing and getting stuck from the gap between the cover plate 20 and the movable baffle 27, so that the movable baffle 27 can operate smoothly.

[0027] Preferably, a roller guide rail 26 is installed below the movable baffle plate 27 and fixed on the cover plate 20, a roller moving block 213 is installed on the roller guide rail 26, a roller shaft 211 is installed below the roller moving block 213, and a roller 212 and a scraper 214 are installed on the roller shaft 211; when feeding powder, the roller 211 moves to the rightmost end, and the powder overflowing from the powder feeding cylinder 51 is sent to the working processing cylinder 41 through the roller, and is scraped flat by the scraper 214 at the rear, thereby realizing the transportation and transmission of the powder, as well as the paving of the powder.

[0028] The electrode sheet 29 and the insulating plate 210 are both fixed by gluing, and the roller guide rail 26 is positioned and fixed on the cover plate 20 through holes.

[0029] The powder storage unit 3 includes a powder storage box 30, a powder baffle 31 and a powder net 32; the storage box 30 is located below the powder net 32, the powder baffle 31 is at the card slot at the bottom of the storage box 30, and the excess powder is transported by the roller 212 for storage, and the powder net 32 ​​filters impurities. When the powder storage box 30 is full or the molten material is replaced, the powder baffle 31 is pulled out for recycling.

[0030] Preferably, the powder net 32 ​​is fixed to the upper end of the storage box 30 by bolts or glue, and the powder net 32 ​​can filter impurities other than powder; the powder baffle 31 is installed in the slot at the bottom of the storage box 30 through the slot.

[0031] The push plate motor 49 is fixed to the main frame 10 by bolts, and is key-connected with the push plate pinion shaft 411 through the push plate coupling 410, and the processing push plate pinion 46 is in contact with the processing push plate large gear 45; three push plate lead screw fixing blocks 48 are fixed to the main frame 10 by bolts, and the push plate lead screw shaft 47 is fixed to the lead screw fixing block 48 through a bearing, and is key-connected to the processing push plate large gear 45 and the threaded push plate connector 44; one end of the push plate connector 44 is connected to the processing push plate 40; the processing cylinder 41 is fixed to the workbench 43 by bolts, and the cylinder bottom of the processing cylinder 41 is bolted to the needle bearing 42; the processing push plate pinion 46 is driven by the push plate motor 49, and the processing push plate pinion 46 drives the processing push plate large gear 45 to rotate, and the processing push plate large gear 45 drives the push plate lead screw shaft 47 to rotate, thereby driving the push plate connector 44 and the processing push plate 40 to move up and down.

[0032] Preferably, the push plate motor 49 is connected to the push plate pinion shaft 411 and the processing push plate pinion 46 through the push plate coupling 410, and the processing push plate pinion 46 is in contact with the processing push plate gear 45; the push plate screw shaft 47 is fixed to the main frame 10 by three push plate screw fixing blocks 48, connecting the processing push plate gear 45 and the push plate connector 44; the push plate connector 44 is connected to the processing push plate 40, the processing cylinder 41 is fixed inside the workbench 43, and the bottom of the processing push plate 40 is connected to the needle bearing 42. The push plate motor 49 drives the processing push plate small gear 46 to rotate first through the push plate coupling 410, and the processing push plate small gear 46 drives the processing push plate large gear 45 to rotate, and the processing push plate large gear 45 drives the push plate screw shaft 47 to rotate, and the push plate screw shaft 47 drives the push plate connector 44 to move up and down, and the push plate connector 44 drives the processing push plate 40 to move up and down, and the processing push plate 40 moves in the processing cylinder 41; when the laser melts a layer, the processing push plate 40 moves up, and the powder is replenished by the roller 212 and the scraper 216 is used to level it, and then it is lowered to the air inlet channel 21 for melting and forming.

[0033] The powder feeding unit 5 includes a powder feeding piston 50, a powder feeding cylinder 51, a powder feeding piston needle bearing 52, a powder feeding piston connector 53, a powder feeding large gear 54, a powder feeding small gear 55, a powder feeding lever shaft 56, a powder feeding lever fixing block 57, a powder feeding motor 58, a powder feeding coupling 59 and a powder feeding small gear shaft 510; the powder feeding motor 58 is fixed to the main frame 10 by bolts, and the powder feeding coupling 59 is connected to the powder feeding small gear shaft 510 by a key; the powder feeding small gear 55 is fixed to the powder feeding small gear shaft 510 by a bearing and contacts with the powder feeding large gear 54; the three powder feeding lever fixing blocks 57 It is fixed to the main frame 10 by bolts, and the powder feeding lever shaft 56 is fixed to the powder feeding lever fixing block 57 by a bearing, and the powder feeding lever shaft 56 is key-connected with the powder feeding large gear 54; one end of the powder feeding piston connector 53 is welded to the powder feeding piston 50; the powder feeding cylinder 51 is fixed to the workbench 43 by bolts, and the cylinder bottom of the powder feeding cylinder 51 is connected to the powder feeding piston needle bearing 52 by bolts; the powder feeding pinion 55 is driven to rotate by the powder feeding motor 58, and the powder feeding pinion 55 drives the powder feeding large gear 54 and the powder feeding lever shaft 56 to rotate, thereby driving the powder feeding piston connector 53 and the powder feeding piston 50 to move up and down.

[0034] Preferably, the powder feeding motor 58 is connected to the powder feeding pinion shaft 510 and the powder feeding pinion 55 through the powder feeding coupling 59, and the powder feeding pinion 55 is in contact with the powder feeding large gear 54; the powder feeding lever shaft 56 is fixed to the main frame 10 by three powder feeding lever fixing blocks 57, and the powder feeding lever shaft 56 is connected to the powder feeding large gear 54 and the powder feeding piston connector 53; the powder feeding piston connector 53 is connected to the powder feeding piston 50, the powder feeding cylinder 51 is fixed to the workbench 43, and the bottom of the powder feeding piston 50 is connected to the powder feeding piston needle bearing 52. The powder feeding motor 58 drives the powder feeding pinion 55 to rotate first through the powder feeding coupling 59, and the powder feeding pinion 55 drives the powder feeding gear 54 to rotate, and the powder feeding gear 54 drives the powder feeding lever shaft 56 to rotate, and the powder feeding lever shaft 56 drives the powder feeding piston connector 53 to move up and down, and the powder feeding piston connector 53 drives the powder feeding piston 50 to move up and down, and the powder feeding piston 50 moves in the powder feeding cylinder 51; when the laser melts a layer, the powder feeding piston 50 rises, and then the powder in the powder feeding cylinder 51 overflows and is transported to the processing cylinder 41 through the roller 212, to ensure that there is enough powder in the processing cylinder for processing.

[0035] In practical application, such as Figure 7-10 As shown, the present invention can realize laser melting forming in a vibrating weightless environment, and the process can be divided into three stages: The first stage: when feeding powder, the galvanometer 18 is closed, the powder feeding piston 50 is pushed up, causing a small amount of powder to overflow, and the processing push plate 40 pushes the powder to a slightly lower position on the top of the processing cylinder 41. The roller 212 moves from the leftmost end to the rightmost end, and the powder is driven into the processing cylinder 41 through the roller 212.

[0036] The second stage: during processing, the roller 212 leaves the processing cylinder 41, the powder feeding piston 50 drops to the level of the powder feeding cylinder, the processing push plate 40 drops to the air inlet channel 21, and the laser melts and forms through the gap between the movable baffles 27. The movable baffle 27 changes with the change of the laser X-axis position.

[0037] The third stage: during the return journey, when a layer is melted, the galvanometer 18 is closed, and the roller 212 is retracted to the leftmost end; thus, the process is repeated to melt and form.

[0038] Working principle of the laser moving unit: the movement of the galvanometer fixed block 16 is achieved by moving the X-axis moving frame 11 and the Y-axis moving frame 12 .

[0039] The working principle of the anti-powder splash unit: the high-speed wind blown out by the exhaust fan 22 from the pipe support plate 25 enters the air inlet channel 21, and the gas enters the air inlet channel 21 through the exhaust fan 23, thereby forming a first gas barrier, which can prevent the splash of powder during the processing; the shielding door 110 and the main frame 10 form an enclosed space, and the air inlet duct 24 above the pipe support plate 25 releases a large amount of inert gas, forming a second line of defense, preventing the splashing powder from being suspended in the equipment, thereby ensuring the processing effect.

[0040] The roller 212 and the scraper 214 move back and forth under the cover plate 20 to transport and level the powder. The electrode sheet 29 and the insulating plate 210 are installed under the cover plate 20 and the movable baffle 27 by glue, and high-voltage AC is provided to the electrode sheet 29, so that an alternating electric field is generated between the electrode sheet 29 and the powder processing platform 4, causing the powder on the surface of the powder bed to vibrate with the insulating plate 210, so that it is re-positioned in an orderly manner on the powder processing platform 4 to prevent powder splashing.

[0041] The working principle of the powder storage unit: the roller 212 is used to transport the excess powder for storage, the powder net 32 ​​can filter out impurities other than the powder, and the powder baffle 31 can be pulled out for recycling.

[0042] Working principle of the powder processing platform: the processing push plate pinion 46 is driven by the push plate motor 49, the processing push plate pinion 46 drives the processing push plate gear 45, drives the push plate lead screw shaft 47 to rotate, thereby driving the push plate connector 44 and the processing push plate 40 to move up and down.

[0043] The working principle of the powder feeding unit is as follows: the powder feeding motor 58 drives the powder feeding pinion 55, the powder feeding pinion 55 drives the powder feeding gear 54, and drives the powder feeding lever shaft 56 to rotate, thereby driving the powder feeding piston connector 53 and the powder feeding piston 50 to move up and down.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention is suitable for a laser selective melting forming device in a vibrating weightless environment, and can be suitable for a vibrating weightless working environment, as well as high-energy laser processing cladding.

[0045] 2. The present invention couples the vibration and weightlessness environment with the laser processing and powder feeding mechanism, thereby solving the sealing and processing problems of the laser processing and powder feeding mechanism in the vibration and weightlessness environment, making the structure simple and reliable with low cost, and realizing the problem of laser melting and forming in the vibration and weightlessness environment at a very low cost.

[0046] 3. The multi-layer anti-splash protection of the present invention includes an inner layer of protection composed of an inner air inlet channel, an air outlet fan, an air outlet channel, and an exhaust fan, and an outer layer of anti-splash protection such as an air inlet duct, a duct support plate, and a shielding door. Double protection can achieve a better anti-splash function.

[0047] 4. The present invention uses the principle of providing high voltage alternating current by the electrode sheet to generate an alternating electric field between the electrode and the powder processing platform, so that the powder on the surface of the powder bed oscillates between the insulating plate, and is repositioned on the powder processing platform in an orderly manner, ensuring that the powder is flat, which is more conducive to the processing and molding effect.

[0048] The above technical solution has a reasonable structural design, a simple structure, can be applied to a vibration weightlessness environment, has a good splash-proof effect and is practical. The specific description of the present invention in the above embodiment is only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Technical engineers in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the content of the above invention, which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibrating weightless environment, comprising a laser moving unit (1), a powder splash prevention unit (2), a powder storage unit (3), a powder processing platform (4) and a powder feeding unit (5), characterized in that: The powder splash prevention unit (2) is located above the powder processing platform (4), and the laser moving unit (1) is arranged above the powder splash prevention unit (2); the powder feeding unit (5) is arranged on the side of the powder processing platform (4), and a roller (212) is arranged in the powder splash prevention unit (2), and the powder is fed into the powder processing platform (4) by the roller (212), and the movement of the powder in the powder processing platform (4) is controlled by electrostatic force to prevent the powder from splashing, and the powder is flattened by the roller (212), and laser selective melting molding is performed in a vibrating weightless environment.

2. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser moving unit (1) comprises a main frame (10), an X-axis moving frame (11), a Y-axis moving frame (12), an X-axis guide rail (13), an X-axis guide rail fixing block (14), a Y-axis guide rail fixing block (15), a galvanometer fixing block (16), a Y-axis guide rail (17), a galvanometer (18), a side support plate (19) and a shielding door (110), wherein both sides of the main frame (10) are fixed to the side support plates (19) by bolt connection, and the side support plates (19) are fixed to the X-axis guide rail. The fixed block (14) is fixed by bolt connection; the X-axis moving frame (11) is in sliding contact with the X-axis guide rail (13); the upper portion of the X-axis moving frame (11) is fixed to the Y-axis guide rail fixing block (16) by bolt connection, and the Y-axis guide rail (17) is installed on the Y-axis guide rail fixing block (15); the Y-axis guide rail (17) is in sliding contact with the Y-axis moving frame (12), and the Y-axis moving frame (12) is connected to the Y-axis guide rail fixing block (15) and the galvanometer (18) by bolts.

3. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The powder splash prevention unit (2) comprises a cover plate (20), an air inlet channel (21), an air outlet fan (22), an exhaust fan (23), an air inlet duct (24), a duct support plate (25), a roller guide rail (26), a movable baffle (27), a bellows (28), an electrode sheet (29), an insulating plate (210), a roller shaft (211), a roller (212), a roller moving block (213) and a scraper (214); the powder processing platform (4) comprises a processing push plate (40), a processing cylinder (41), a needle bearing (42), a workbench (43), a push plate connector (44), a processing push plate large gear (45) and a processing push plate small gear (46), a push plate lead screw shaft (47), a push plate lead screw fixing block (48), a push plate motor (49), a push plate coupling (410) and a push plate small gear shaft (411); the air inlet channel (21) is located in the workbench (43), the air outlet fan (22) and the exhaust fan (23) are located on the side of the processing cylinder (41), and the air outlet fan (22) is fixed to the lower end surface of the workbench (43) by bolt connection; The pipe support plate (25) is fixed to the upper part of the main frame (10) by bolt connection, and the air intake pipe (24) is fixed to the upper part of the pipe support plate (25) by bolt connection; the air blown out by the air outlet fan (22) enters the air intake channel (21) of the pipe support plate (25), and the air is extracted by the exhaust fan (23) so that the gas forms a first gas barrier, thereby preventing the splashing of powder during the processing; at the same time, the shielding door (110) and the main frame (10) form a closed space, and the air intake pipe (24) above the pipe support plate (25) releases inert gas to form a second line of defense to prevent the splashing powder from being suspended.

4. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A movable baffle (27) is arranged below the cover plate (20), and the groove of the cover plate (20) and the protrusion of the movable baffle (27) are inlaid to form left-right sliding; an electrode sheet (29) is arranged below the cover plate (20) and the movable baffle (27), and the insulating plate (210) is installed below the electrode sheet (29), and an alternating electric field is generated between the electrode sheet (29) and the powder processing platform (4), so that the powder is positioned on the powder processing platform (4) in an orderly manner; a roller guide rail (26) is installed below the movable baffle (27), and a roller moving block (213) is installed on the roller guide rail (26). A sliding contact is formed between the guide rail (26) and the roller moving block (213); a roller shaft (211) is installed below the roller moving block (213); a roller (212) is installed on the roller shaft (211); and a scraper (214) is installed below the roller moving block (213) by means of bolts; the roller (212) and the scraper (214) move back and forth below the cover plate (20) to achieve the transportation of powder and the leveling of the powder; the bellows (28) prevents the powder from overflowing and getting stuck in the gap between the cover plate (20) and the movable baffle (27), so that the movable baffle (27) can operate smoothly.

5. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The powder storage unit (3) comprises a powder storage box (30), a powder baffle (31) and a powder net (32); the storage box (30) is located below the powder net (32); the powder baffle (31) is located at a slot at the bottom of the storage box (30); excess powder is transported and stored via a roller (212); the powder net (32) filters impurities; when the powder storage box (30) is full or when the molten material is replaced, the powder baffle (31) is pulled out for recycling.

6. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push plate motor (49) is fixed to the main frame (10) by bolts, the push plate coupling (410) is key-connected with the push plate pinion shaft (411), and the processed push plate pinion (46) is in contact with the processed push plate large gear (45); three push plate lead screw fixing blocks (48) are fixed to the main frame (10) by bolts, the push plate lead screw shaft (47) is fixed to the lead screw fixing block (48) by bearings, and is key-connected with the processed push plate large gear (45) and the threaded push plate connector (44); the push plate One end of the connector (44) is welded to the processing push plate (40); the processing cylinder (41) is fixed to the workbench (43) by bolts, and the cylinder bottom of the processing cylinder (41) is connected to the needle bearing (42) by bolts; the processing push plate pinion (46) is driven by the push plate motor (49), the processing push plate pinion (46) drives the processing push plate large gear (45) to rotate, and the processing push plate large gear (45) drives the push plate lead screw shaft (47) to rotate, thereby driving the push plate connector (44) and the processing push plate (40) to move up and down.

7. The laser selective melting forming device suitable for a vibration and weightlessness environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The powder feeding unit (5) comprises a powder feeding piston (50), a powder feeding cylinder (51), a powder feeding piston needle bearing (52), a powder feeding piston connector (53), a powder feeding gear (54), a powder feeding pinion (55), a powder feeding lever shaft (56), a powder feeding lever fixing block (57), a powder feeding motor (58), a powder feeding coupling (59) and a powder feeding pinion shaft (510); the powder feeding motor (58) is fixed to the main frame (10) by bolts, and the powder feeding coupling (59) is connected to the powder feeding pinion shaft (510) by a key; the powder feeding pinion (55) is fixed to the powder feeding pinion shaft (510) by a bearing and is in contact with the powder feeding gear (54); Three powder delivery lever fixing blocks (57) are fixed to the main frame (10) by bolts, the powder delivery lever shaft (56) is fixed to the powder delivery lever fixing block (57) by a bearing, and the powder delivery lever shaft (56) is key-connected to the powder delivery large gear (54); one end of the powder delivery piston connector (53) is welded to the powder delivery piston (50); the powder delivery cylinder (51) is fixed to the workbench (43) by bolts, and the cylinder bottom of the powder delivery cylinder (51) is bolted to the powder delivery piston needle bearing (52); the powder delivery pinion (55) is driven to rotate by the powder delivery motor (58), and the powder delivery pinion (55) drives the powder delivery large gear (54) and the powder delivery lever shaft (56) to rotate, thereby driving the powder delivery piston connector (53) and the powder delivery piston (50) to move up and down.

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