Blue light-emitting material containing anthryl and pyrenyl, preparation method and organic electroluminescent device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of organic electroluminescence, and discloses a blue light material containing anthryl and pyrenyl, a preparation method and an organic electroluminescent device. The structure of the blue light material containing anthryl and pyrenyl is as shown in a chemical formula I: # imgabs0 #. According to the blue light material compound containing anthryl and pyrenyl provided by the invention, two rigid structures of 4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethyl-4, 5-dihydropyrene group and anthryl are introduced as mother nuclei, so that the material has good thermal stability and film-forming property, and the blue light material compound containing anthryl and pyrenyl has a wide application prospect. Furthermore, the types of bridging groups and connected substituent groups are selectively increased, so that the electron mobility is improved, and a device with low driving voltage, excellent luminous efficiency and long service life is finally obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of organic electroluminescence, and in particular relates to a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, a preparation method and an organic electroluminescent device. Background Art

[0002] The diversity and synthesizability of organic electroluminescent materials have laid a solid foundation for the realization of large-area new display devices. For luminescent materials, efficient red and green light have been continuously developed and are relatively mature, but blue light materials have great deficiencies in efficiency, color purity and lifespan, and the synthesis of efficient blue light materials still faces huge challenges.

[0003] Among the numerous luminescent matrix materials, anthracene emits pure blue light. Due to its large planar conjugated structure, it has the advantages of high fluorescence quantum efficiency, strong carrier mobility and charge injection ability, and high thermal stability, and has become a hot spot in the field of organic optoelectronics. However, it is precisely because of this large planar configuration that molecules are very likely to form strong π-π stacking, which reduces the efficiency of the blue light material with good performance, red-shifts the luminescent wavelength, and reduces the color purity, which limits its application in solid-state luminescence. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to modify its molecules, introduce large substituents to its periphery to increase the distance between chromophores, thereby inhibiting the stacking between molecules to improve the luminescent performance of the material. However, when large substituents are introduced to its periphery, the distance between molecules will be increased, and the carrier transport performance between molecules will be weakened, which will reduce the performance of the device to a certain extent. Therefore, how to balance the luminous efficiency and carrier transport ability of the material when designing and synthesizing new anthracene-based materials is a problem to be solved in this technical field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, and in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, a preparation method and an organic electroluminescent device.

[0005] It should be noted that the blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene disclosed in the present invention can be used as a new type of compound for blue light emitting main material or electron transport layer material. By introducing two rigid structures of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydropyrene group and anthracene group as the parent core, the material has good thermal stability and film forming properties, and further selectively increases the types of bridging groups and connected substituents, thereby improving electron mobility, so as to finally obtain a device with low driving voltage, excellent luminous efficiency and service life.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the first objective of the present invention is to provide a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, using the following technical solution:

[0007] A blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene, having a chemical formula I structure:

[0008]

[0009] in,

[0010] X1, X2, and X3 are each independently selected from C or N, and X1, X2, and X3 have at most one N, and the rest are C;

[0011] Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently selected from C or N, and Y1, Y2, and Y3 have at most one N, and the rest are C;

[0012] L is selected from a chemical bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 arylene group;

[0013] R1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C30 heteroaryl group, and its heteroatom contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se;

[0014] R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from one of hydrogen, deuterium, cyanide, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted C5-C30 heteroaryl, and the heteroatom thereof contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se;

[0015] n2 is an integer selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;

[0016] n3 and n4 are integers selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3.

[0017] Further, L is selected from a chemical bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having C6-C18;

[0018] R1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C25 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C25 heteroaryl group, and its heteroatom contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se;

[0019] R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, cyanide, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C18 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C5-C12 heteroaryl, and their heteroatoms contain at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se.

[0020] Furthermore, L is independently selected from a chemical bond, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and a biphenylene group.

[0021] Furthermore, R1 is selected from phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, methylphenyl, phenylnaphthyl, cyanophenyl, cyanopyridyl, phenylpyridyl, methylpyridyl, methylpyrimidinyl and any combination thereof.

[0022] Furthermore, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, cyano, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, triazine, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophenyl, benzonaphthofluorenyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, methylphenyl, phenylnaphthyl, cyanophenyl, cyanopyridyl, phenylpyridyl, phenyldibenzofuranyl, phenyldibenzothiophenyl, phenyldimethylfluorenyl, phenylcarbazolyl, methylpyridyl, methylpyrimidinyl, and any combination thereof.

[0023] In the present invention, the term "substituted" means substituted by one, two or more substituents selected from the following: deuterium, halogen, cyano, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, trifluoromethyl, 1-methylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, pentyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-methylhexyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, indenyl, triphenylene, pyrenyl, yl, furyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, isobenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, indazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, and adamantane.

[0024] Furthermore, the above-mentioned blue light material is selected from any one of the compounds represented by the following structural formulas:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the blue light-emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups as described above.

[0034] It should be noted that the blue light emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene in the present invention can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the following reaction process is preferred for preparation.

[0035]

[0036] In the above formula, L, X1-X3, Y1-Y3, R1, R2, R3, R4, n2, n3, n4 are as defined in the above chemical formula I; X independently represents Where * is the attachment site.

[0037] And, the preparation method of raw material A is as follows:

[0038] Under nitrogen protection, ultra-dry THF and zinc powder (2.0 eq) were added to a dry and clean three-necked flask, and trimethylsilyl chloride (0.1 eq) was added to the reaction solution. The reaction solution was heated to 45°C, ethyl bromoacetate (1.0 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and added dropwise to the reaction solution. The addition was completed within 1 hour. After the insoluble matter was precipitated, the supernatant was aspirated, which was raw material A and was directly used in the reaction.

[0039] With respect to the complex raw materials that are not disclosed, the classic Suzuki coupling reaction, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction, and alkylation are used for preparation and applied to the present invention.

[0040] The specific operations are as follows:

[0041] (1) Under nitrogen protection, raw material B (1.0 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.01-0.02 eq), Xantphos (0.05-0.1 eq) and THF were added to a dry and clean three-necked flask, and the raw material A prepared above was added, heated to reflux, and reacted overnight; TLC monitored the reaction completion, cooled to room temperature, 2N hydrochloric acid was added to quench the reaction, ethyl acetate and water were added, and the liquid was extracted and separated, the aqueous phase was extracted once with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, and washed once with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure until there was no solvent, and the product was obtained by rapid column chromatography, and then slurried with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 1;

[0042] (2) Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 1 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to -78°C, add iodomethane (1.5-2.5 eq) dropwise, keep warm for 10-20 min, add THF containing potassium tert-butoxide (1.5-2.5 eq) dropwise, add dropwise over 1 hour, return to temperature naturally, stir for 4-8 h, monitor the reaction completion by TLC, add saturated aqueous ammonium chloride to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase twice with ethyl acetate, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent, perform rapid column chromatography to obtain the product, and then slurry with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 2;

[0043] (3) Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 2 (1.0 eq), THF and anhydrous cerium chloride (5.0 g) to a dry three-necked flask, stir at room temperature for 20 min, cool to 0°C, add 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 eq) containing methylmagnesium bromide dropwise, return to room temperature naturally, and react for 2-5 h. TLC monitors the reaction to completion, add saturated aqueous ammonium chloride to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent, perform rapid column chromatography to obtain the product, and then slurry with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 3;

[0044] (4) Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 3 (1.0 eq) and DCM to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add new anhydrous aluminum chloride (0.2-0.5 eq), keep warm and stir for 10 h, monitor the reaction completion by TLC, add 2N hydrochloric acid to the reaction solution to quench the reaction, add dichloromethane and water, extract and separate the liquids, extract the aqueous phase twice with dichloromethane, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Use toluene for rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Toluene ethanol crystallization to obtain intermediate 4;

[0045] (5) Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 4 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add bromine (0.85-0.95 eq) dropwise, and stir for 3-8 hours. Monitor the reaction by TLC. Add 10% sodium bisulfite aqueous solution to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate to separate the liquids. Extract the aqueous phase twice with ethyl acetate. Combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and once with saturated brine. Dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product, crystallize from toluene and ethanol to obtain intermediate 5;

[0046] (6) The intermediate 5 (1.0 eq) and the raw material C (1.0-1.3 eq) were added to a reaction flask, followed by a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1), the flask was ventilated three times, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.01-0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (2.0-4.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, the temperature was raised to 80°C-95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 4-20 h; TLC monitored the reaction to be complete, after the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst, the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, washed with water three times, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and purified by column chromatography using a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:4-1:10) to obtain chemical formula I.

[0047] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of a blue light-emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups. The blue light-emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups as described above is applied to an organic electroluminescent device.

[0048] Specifically, the organic electroluminescent device comprises an anode, a cathode and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The blue light-emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups described in the present invention can be used as the main material of the light-emitting layer or the electron transport layer material of the organic electroluminescent device.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, a preparation method and an organic electroluminescent device, which have the following excellent effects:

[0050] The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups disclosed in the present invention can be used as a new type of compound of a blue light emitting main material or an electron transport layer material, and can achieve the characteristics of low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency and long service life.

[0051] Specifically, the blue light material compound containing anthracene and pyrene groups disclosed in the present invention effectively presents the characteristics of a blue light host material. It has a rigid anthracene group and a 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydropyrene group as a parent core, has good thermal stability and carrier transport performance, has a lower driving voltage, excellent luminous efficiency and service life.

[0052] Anthracene has a high fluorescence quantum efficiency, especially in the blue light region. Its rigid planar structure reduces the possibility of non-radiative transitions, effectively improves electron mobility, and thus improves the luminous efficiency of blue light. Its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level is low, which is conducive to the injection and transmission of electrons. The structure of anthracene is relatively stable and can withstand high temperatures, making it difficult to change its structure during the evaporation process, thereby increasing the service life of its devices. In addition, anthracene also has a wide bandgap, which makes it have strong absorption and emission capabilities in the blue light region.

[0053] The introduction of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydropyrene also has strong rigidity, which helps to improve the thermal stability of the material. The four methyl groups can provide better shielding effect, reduce the impact of the external environment on the core skeleton, and effectively lower the LUMO energy level, enhance the electron transmission ability, enhance the electron jumping and transmission, thereby improving the electron mobility, further optimizing the fluorescence performance and improving the luminescence efficiency.

[0054] Introducing a bridging L group (phenylene, biphenylene, naphthylene) between the anthracene group and the 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydropyrene group can reduce the appearance of large planes within the molecule, weaken the interaction between molecules, extend the life of the device, and also act as a buffer, extending the system life, enhancing electron mobility, and increasing mobility, thereby reducing voltage and improving luminous efficiency.

[0055] The mother core structure of the present invention can be further modified by other electron-withdrawing groups (pyridine, pyrimidine, etc.) to become a new type of electron transport material with better performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0057] Figure 1 is the H NMR spectrum of compound 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the related drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The invention specifically discloses a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, a preparation method and an organic electroluminescent device.

[0060] It should be noted that the numerical values ​​given in the following examples are as accurate as possible, but those skilled in the art understand that due to unavoidable measurement errors and experimental operation problems, each number should be understood as an approximate number rather than an absolutely accurate value.

[0061] The specific embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0062] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0063] Among them, A-1, A-17 and A-91 are all the raw material A prepared above and are directly used in the preparation.

[0064] Example 1

[0065]

[0066] Under nitrogen protection, raw material B-1 (1.0 eq, CAS No.: 19462-79-4), Pd2(dba)3 (0.01 eq), Xantphos (0.05 eq) and THF were added to a dry and clean three-necked flask, and raw material A-1 (1.0 eq) was added, and the mixture was heated to reflux and reacted overnight. The reaction was monitored by TLC to be complete, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature. 2N hydrochloric acid was added to quench the reaction, and ethyl acetate and water were added to extract and separate the liquids. The aqueous phase was extracted once with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, and the mixture was washed once with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure until there was no solvent, and the product was obtained by rapid column chromatography. The product was then slurried with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 1 (yield: 67.1%).

[0067] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 1 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to -78°C, add iodomethane (2.2 eq) dropwise, keep warm for 10 min, add THF containing potassium tert-butoxide (2.2 eq) dropwise, and complete the addition in 1 hour. Reheat naturally, stir for 4 h, monitor the reaction by TLC, add saturated aqueous ammonium chloride to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Perform rapid column chromatography to obtain the product, and then slurry with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 2 (yield: 90.6%).

[0068] Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 2 (1.0 eq), THF and anhydrous cerium chloride (5.0 g) were added to a dry three-necked flask, stirred at room temperature for 20 min, cooled to 0°C, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 eq) containing methylmagnesium bromide was added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the temperature was naturally restored to room temperature and the reaction was carried out for 3 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC to be complete. A saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride was added to quench the reaction. Ethyl acetate and water were added, and the liquids were extracted. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, washed once with saturated brine, the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to be solvent-free. The product was obtained by rapid column chromatography, and then slurried with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 3 (yield: 95.1%).

[0069] Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 3 (1.0 eq) and DCM were added to a dry three-necked flask, the temperature was lowered to 0°C, new anhydrous aluminum chloride (0.25 eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 10 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC to be complete, 2N hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction, dichloromethane and water were added, and the liquid was separated by extraction. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane, the organic phases were combined, and the saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution was washed once. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a solvent-free state. The product was obtained by rapid column chromatography using toluene, and the product was obtained by crystallization from toluene ethanol to obtain intermediate 4 (yield: 62.3%).

[0070] Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 4 (1.0 eq) and THF were added to a dry three-necked flask, the temperature was lowered to 0°C, bromine (0.91 eq) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 4 h. The reaction was completed by TLC monitoring. A 10% aqueous sodium bisulfite solution was added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Ethyl acetate was added for separation, the aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, washed once with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and once with saturated brine, the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a solvent-free state, and the product was obtained by rapid column chromatography. The product was crystallized from toluene and ethanol to obtain intermediate 5 (yield: 78.8%).

[0071] The intermediate 5 (1.0 eq) and the raw material C-1 (1.2 eq, CAS number: 460347-59-5) were added to the reaction bottle, and then a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1) was added, and the mixture was ventilated three times. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (3.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, and the temperature was raised to 95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 8 hours; TLC monitored the completion of the reaction. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, and diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst. After the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, it was washed with water three times, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:5) was used for purification by column chromatography to obtain compound 1 (yield: 85.8%).

[0072] The obtained compound 1 was tested and analyzed, and the results were as follows:

[0073] HPLC purity: >99.8%.

[0074] Mass spectrometry test: The model is Waters XEVO TQD mass spectrometer, using ESI source.

[0075] Test value ((ESI, m / Z): [M+H] + ):512.64.

[0076] Elemental Analysis:

[0077] Calculated values: C, 93.71; H, 6.29;

[0078] The test values ​​are: C, 93.60; H, 6.46.

[0079] H NMR spectrum: Figure 1 (Compound 1) shown.

[0080] Example 2

[0081]

[0082] Under nitrogen protection, add raw material B-17 (1.0eq, CAS No.: 1821675-89-1), Pd2(dba)3 (0.01eq), Xantphos (0.05eq) and THF to a dry and clean three-necked flask, add raw material A-17, heat to reflux, and react overnight. Monitor the reaction to be complete by TLC, cool to room temperature, add 2N hydrochloric acid to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase once with ethyl acetate, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and concentrate the organic phase under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to slurry to obtain intermediate 1 (yield: 66.3%).

[0083] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 1 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to -78 ° C, add iodomethane (2.2 eq) dropwise, keep warm for 10 min, add THF containing potassium tert-butoxide (2.2 eq) dropwise, and complete the addition in 1 hour. Reheat naturally, stir for 4 h, monitor the reaction by TLC, and add saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to beat the pulp to obtain intermediate 2 (yield: 89.4%).

[0084] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 2 (1.0 eq), THF and anhydrous cerium chloride (5.0 g) to a dry three-necked flask, stir at room temperature for 20 min, cool to 0 ° C, add 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 eq) containing methylmagnesium bromide, add dropwise, return to room temperature naturally, and react for 3 h. TLC monitors the reaction to be complete, and add saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure to no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to beat the pulp to obtain intermediate 3 (yield: 94.0%).

[0085] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 3 (1.0eq) and DCM to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add new anhydrous aluminum chloride (0.25eq), and stir for 10 hours. TLC monitors the reaction to be complete, and 2N hydrochloric acid is added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Add dichloromethane and water, extract and separate the liquids, extract the aqueous phase with dichloromethane twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Use toluene for rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Toluene ethanol crystallization to obtain intermediate 4 (yield: 61.1%)

[0086] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 4 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add bromine (0.91 eq) dropwise, and stir for 4 h. Monitor the reaction by TLC. Add 10% sodium bisulfite aqueous solution to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate to separate the liquids. Extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice. Combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and once with saturated brine. Dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Crystallization from toluene and ethanol to obtain intermediate 5 (yield: 77.3%)

[0087] Intermediate 5 (1.0 eq) and raw material C-17 (1.2 eq, CAS No.: 1510788-96-1) were added to a reaction flask, followed by a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1), the reaction was ventilated three times, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (3.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, the temperature was raised to 95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 10 hours; TLC monitored the completion of the reaction, after the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst, the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, washed three times with water, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:6) was used for purification by column chromatography to obtain compound 17 (yield: 84.5%).

[0088] The obtained compound 17 was tested and analyzed, and the results were as follows:

[0089] HPLC purity: >99.6%.

[0090] Mass spectrometry test: The model is Waters XEVO TQD mass spectrometer, using ESI source.

[0091] Test value ((ESI, m / Z): [M+H] + ):589.67.

[0092] Elemental Analysis:

[0093] Calculated values: C, 91.64; H, 5.98; N, 2.37;

[0094] The test values ​​are: C, 91.41; H, 6.13; N, 2.54.

[0095] Example 3

[0096]

[0097] A-25 is the same substance as the intermediate 5 in Example 1 and is directly used for the synthesis.

[0098] The raw material A-25 (1.0 eq) and the raw material B-25 (1.2 eq, CAS number: 2241542-34-5) were added to the reaction bottle, and then a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1) was added, and the reaction was ventilated three times. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (3.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, and the temperature was raised to 95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 8 hours; TLC monitored the reaction to be complete. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, and diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst. After the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, it was washed three times with water, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:4) was used for purification by column chromatography to obtain compound 25 (yield: 84.0%).

[0099] The obtained compound 25 was tested and analyzed, and the results were as follows:

[0100] HPLC purity: >99.8%.

[0101] Mass spectrometry test: The model is Waters XEVO TQD mass spectrometer, using ESI source.

[0102] Test value ((ESI, m / Z): [M+H] + ):602.65.

[0103] Elemental Analysis:

[0104] Calculated values: C, 91.66; H, 5.69; O, 2.65;

[0105] The test values ​​are: C, 94.41; H, 5.84; O, 2.81.

[0106] Example 4

[0107]

[0108] A-86 is the same substance as the intermediate 5 in Example 1 and is directly used in the synthesis.

[0109] Raw material A-86 (1.0 eq) and raw material B-86 (1.2 eq, CAS number: 1016653-44-3) were added to a reaction bottle, and then a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1) was added, and the reaction was ventilated three times. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (3.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, and the temperature was raised to 95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 8 hours; TLC monitored the completion of the reaction. After the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, and diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst. After the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, it was washed three times with water, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:5) was used for purification by column chromatography to obtain compound 86 (yield: 83.1%).

[0110] The obtained compound 86 was tested and analyzed, and the results were as follows:

[0111] HPLC purity: >99.8%.

[0112] Mass spectrometry test: The model is Waters XEVO TQD mass spectrometer, using ESI source.

[0113] Test value ((ESI, m / Z): [M+H] + ):638.69.

[0114] Elemental Analysis:

[0115] The calculated values ​​are: C, 94.00; H, 6.00;

[0116] The test values ​​are: C, 93.92; H, 6.13.

[0117] Example 5

[0118]

[0119] Under nitrogen protection, add raw material B-91 (1.0eq, CAS No.: 1821676-52-1), Pd2(dba)3 (0.01eq), Xantphos (0.05eq) and THF to a dry and clean three-necked flask, add raw material A-91, heat to reflux, and react overnight. Monitor the reaction to be complete by TLC, cool to room temperature, add 2N hydrochloric acid to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase once with ethyl acetate, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and concentrate the organic phase under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to slurry to obtain intermediate 1 (yield: 65.4%).

[0120] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 1 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to -78 ° C, add iodomethane (2.2 eq) dropwise, keep warm for 10 min, add THF containing potassium tert-butoxide (2.2 eq) dropwise, and complete the addition in 1 hour. Naturally warm up, stir for 4 hours, monitor the reaction by TLC, and add saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to beat the pulp to obtain intermediate 2 (yield: 88.2%).

[0121] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 2 (1.0 eq), THF and anhydrous cerium chloride (5.0 g) to a dry three-necked flask, stir at room temperature for 20 min, cool to 0 ° C, add 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 eq) containing methylmagnesium bromide, add dropwise, return to room temperature naturally, and react for 3 h. TLC monitors the reaction to be complete, and add saturated aqueous ammonium chloride to quench the reaction. Add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure to no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Then use petroleum ether to beat the pulp to obtain intermediate 3 (yield: 92.9%).

[0122] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 3 (1.0eq) and DCM to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add new anhydrous aluminum chloride (0.25eq), and stir for 10 hours. TLC monitors the reaction to be complete, and 2N hydrochloric acid is added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Add dichloromethane and water, extract and separate the liquids, extract the aqueous phase with dichloromethane twice, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Use toluene for rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Toluene ethanol crystallization to obtain intermediate 4 (yield: 60.2%)

[0123] Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 4 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to 0°C, add bromine (0.91 eq) dropwise, and stir for 4 h. Monitor the reaction by TLC. Add 10% sodium bisulfite aqueous solution to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Add 200 mL of ethyl acetate for separation. Extract the aqueous phase with ethyl acetate twice. Combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and once with saturated brine. Dry the organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent. Rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. Crystallization from toluene and ethanol to obtain intermediate 5 (yield: 76.1%)

[0124] Intermediate 5 (1.0 eq) and raw material C-91 (1.2 eq, CAS No.: 2374697-99-9) were added to a reaction flask, followed by a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1), the reaction was ventilated three times, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (3.0 eq) were added under nitrogen protection, the temperature was raised to 95°C, and the reaction was refluxed for 8 hours; TLC monitored the completion of the reaction, after the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered, diatomaceous earth was used for filtration to remove salt and catalyst, the filtrate was cooled to room temperature, washed three times with water, the organic phase was retained, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phases were combined and concentrated, and the compound 91 (yield: 83.2%) was purified by column chromatography using a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:6).

[0125] The obtained compound 91 was tested and analyzed, and the results were as follows:

[0126] HPLC purity: >99.7%.

[0127] Mass spectrometry test: The model is Waters XEVO TQD mass spectrometer, using ESI source.

[0128] Test value ((ESI, m / Z): [M+H] + ):590.66.

[0129] Elemental Analysis:

[0130] Calculated values: C, 89.46; H, 5.80; N, 4.74;

[0131] The test values ​​are: C, 89.22; H, 5.96; N, 4.90.

[0132] Example 6-45

[0133] The following compounds were prepared by referring to the preparation methods of Examples 1 to 5 and tested using a Waters XEVOTQD mass spectrometer with low precision. The ESI source was used for testing, and the mass spectrometry test values ​​are shown in Table 1 below.

[0134] Table 1 Mass spectrometry test values ​​of Examples 6-45

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] In addition, other compounds of the present invention can be obtained by referring to the preparation methods of the above-mentioned embodiments, so they are not listed one by one here.

[0138] Device Example 1: Preparation of organic electroluminescent device

[0139] The structure of the prepared OLED device is: ITO anode / HIL / HTL / Prime / EML / HBL / ETL / EIL / cathode / CPL.

[0140] a. ITO anode: the coating thickness is The ITO (indium tin oxide)-Ag-ITO (indium tin oxide) glass substrate was cleaned twice in distilled water, ultrasonically cleaned for 30 minutes, and then repeatedly cleaned twice with distilled water, ultrasonically cleaned for 10 minutes. After washing, it was ultrasonically cleaned with methanol, acetone, and isopropanol in sequence (5 minutes each time), dried, and then transferred to a plasma cleaning machine for washing for 5 minutes. It was then sent to a vapor deposition machine, and the substrate was used as the anode, and other functional layers were deposited thereon in sequence.

[0141] b. HIL (hole injection layer): The hole injection layer materials HT and P-dopant were vacuum evaporated at a deposition rate of 97:3, and the thickness was 10 nm. The chemical formula of the materials is shown below.

[0142] c. HTL (hole transport layer): At a deposition rate of , HT with a thickness of 130 nm was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer as a hole transport layer.

[0143] d. Prime (luminous auxiliary layer): At a evaporation rate of , Prime with a thickness of 50 nm was vacuum evaporated on the hole transport layer as a light-emitting auxiliary layer.

[0144] e. EML (luminescent layer): At a evaporation rate of , a main material (Compound 1 provided in the above embodiment is used as the main material) and a dopant (Dopant) with a thickness of 30 nm are vacuum evaporated on the light-emitting auxiliary layer as a light-emitting layer, wherein the evaporation rate ratio of the main compound and the Dopant is 98:2, and the chemical formula of the Dopant is shown below.

[0145] f. HBL (hole blocking layer): A hole blocking layer HB with a thickness of 5 nm was vacuum-deposited on the light-emitting layer at a deposition rate of .

[0146] g. ETL (Electron Transport Layer): ET and Liq with a thickness of 30 nm were vacuum evaporated on the hole blocking layer as an electron transport layer, wherein the evaporation rate ratio of ET to Liq was 50:50.

[0147] h. EIL (electron injection layer): A Yb film layer with a thickness of 1 nm was vacuum-deposited on the electron transport layer at a deposition rate to form an electron injection layer.

[0148] i. Cathode: Magnesium and silver with a thickness of 13 nm were vacuum evaporated on the electron injection layer at a deposition rate ratio of 1:9 to obtain a cathode.

[0149] j. CPL (covering layer): At a deposition rate of , CPL with a thickness of 65 nm was vacuum evaporated on the cathode as a covering layer.

[0150] k. Package the vapor-deposited substrate: first, use the glue coating equipment to coat the cleaned cover with UV glue, then move the coated cover to the pressing section, place the vapor-deposited substrate on the upper end of the cover, and finally bond the substrate and cover with the bonding equipment, and complete the light curing of the UV glue at the same time.

[0151] The structural formulas of HT, P-dopant, Prime, Dopant, HB, ET, and CPL used in the device embodiment 1 are as follows:

[0152]

[0153] Device Example 2-33:

[0154] Referring to the method provided in the above device embodiment 1, the corresponding compounds in Table 2 were selected to replace compound 1, and the main material was evaporated to prepare the corresponding organic electroluminescent devices, which were respectively recorded as device embodiments 2-33.

[0155] Device Comparison Examples 1-5:

[0156] This comparative example provides an organic electroluminescent device. The only difference between the preparation method of the organic electroluminescent device and that of device embodiment 1 is that the organic electroluminescent device uses the existing comparative compound ae to replace the host material (compound 1) in the above device embodiment 1 for evaporation. The chemical structure of the comparative compound ae is as follows:

[0157]

[0158] The driving voltage, BI value and life of the organic electroluminescent devices obtained from the above device embodiments 1-33 and device comparative examples 1-5 were characterized at a brightness of 1000 (nits). The test results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0159] Table 2 Device test results

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] Device Example 34: Preparation of Organic Electroluminescent Device

[0163] The structure of the prepared OLED device is: ITO anode / HIL / HTL / Prime / EML / HBL / ETL / EIL / cathode / light extraction layer.

[0164] a. ITO anode: the coating thickness is The ITO (indium tin oxide)-Ag-ITO (indium tin oxide) glass substrate was cleaned twice in distilled water, ultrasonically cleaned for 30 minutes, and then repeatedly cleaned twice with distilled water, ultrasonically cleaned for 10 minutes. After washing, it was ultrasonically cleaned with methanol, acetone, and isopropanol in sequence (5 minutes each time), dried, and then transferred to a plasma cleaning machine for washing for 5 minutes. It was then sent to a vapor deposition machine, and the substrate was used as the anode, and other functional layers were deposited thereon in sequence.

[0165] b. HIL (hole injection layer): The hole injection layer materials HT and P-dopant were vacuum evaporated at a deposition rate of 97:3, and the thickness was 10 nm. The chemical formula of the materials is shown below.

[0166] c. HTL (hole transport layer): At a deposition rate of , HT with a thickness of 130 nm was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer as a hole transport layer.

[0167] d. Prime (luminous auxiliary layer): At a evaporation rate of , Prime with a thickness of 50 nm was vacuum evaporated on the hole transport layer as a light-emitting auxiliary layer.

[0168] e. EML (luminescent layer): At a evaporation rate of , a main material (Host) and a dopant material (Dopant) with a thickness of 30 nm are vacuum evaporated on the light-emitting auxiliary layer as a light-emitting layer. The chemical formulas of Host and Dopant are shown below, where the evaporation rate ratio of Host and Dopant is 98:2.

[0169] f. HBL (hole blocking layer): A hole blocking layer HB with a thickness of 5 nm was vacuum-deposited on the light-emitting layer at a deposition rate of .

[0170] g. ETL (Electron Transport Layer): The compound 17 and Liq provided in the above embodiment with a thickness of 30 nm were vacuum-deposited on the hole blocking layer as an electron transport layer, wherein the evaporation rate ratio of the compound 17 to Liq was 50:50.

[0171] h. EIL (electron injection layer): A Yb film layer with a thickness of 1 nm was vacuum-deposited on the electron transport layer at a deposition rate to form an electron injection layer.

[0172] i. Cathode: Magnesium and silver with a thickness of 13 nm were vacuum evaporated on the electron injection layer at a deposition rate ratio of 1:9 to obtain a cathode.

[0173] j. CPL (covering layer): At a deposition rate of , CPL with a thickness of 65 nm was vacuum evaporated on the cathode as a covering layer.

[0174] k. Package the vapor-deposited substrate: first, use the glue coating equipment to coat the cleaned cover with UV glue, then move the coated cover to the pressing section, place the vapor-deposited substrate on the upper end of the cover, and finally bond the substrate and cover with the bonding equipment, and complete the light curing of the UV glue at the same time.

[0175] The structural formulas of HT, P-dopant, Prime, Dopant, HB, Host, and CPL used in the above device embodiment 34 are as follows:

[0176]

[0177] Device Examples 35-45:

[0178] Referring to the method provided in the above device embodiment 34, the corresponding compounds in Table 3 were selected to replace compound 17, and the electron transport layer material was evaporated to prepare the corresponding organic electroluminescent devices, which were respectively recorded as device embodiments 35-45.

[0179] Device Comparison Example 6:

[0180] This comparative example provides an organic electroluminescent device. The only difference between the preparation method of the organic electroluminescent device and the device embodiment 34 is that the organic electroluminescent device uses the existing comparative compound f to replace the electron transport layer (compound 17) in the above device embodiment 34 for evaporation. The chemical structure of the comparative compound f is as follows:

[0181]

[0182] The driving voltage, BI value and life of the organic electroluminescent devices obtained from the device embodiments 34-45 and the device comparative example 6 were characterized at a brightness of 1000 (nits). The test results are shown in Table 3 below:

[0183] Table 3 Device test results

[0184]

[0185] Those skilled in the art know that in blue top-emitting devices, the luminous efficiency is greatly affected by chromaticity. Therefore, the influence of chromaticity on efficiency is taken into account, and the ratio of luminous efficiency to CIEy is defined as the BI value, that is, BI = (cd / A) / CIEy.

[0186] It can be seen from the test data in Table 2 and Table 3 that the organic electroluminescent device prepared by using the compound of the present invention as the main material of the light-emitting layer or the electron transport layer material has a lower driving voltage, excellent luminous efficiency and service life.

[0187]

[0188] Compounds a, b, c and compounds 4, 25, 12 are parallel comparative examples, and the difference between them is that the left side of anthracene in the comparative compounds a, b, c is connected to 4,4-dimethyl-4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene group, phenanthro[4,5-bcd]thiophene group, and phenanthro[4,5-bcd]furan group, respectively, while the compounds 4, 25, 12 of the present invention are connected to 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydropyrene group, wherein the four methyl substituents provide better shielding effect, reducing the influence of the external environment on the core skeleton; increasing the rigidity and planarity of the molecule, helping to improve its thermal stability, making the material structure less likely to change during the evaporation process, thereby extending the service life of the device, and more methyl groups can also effectively reduce the LUMO energy level, enhance the electron transmission capability, and thereby improve the electron mobility, so as to improve the luminous efficiency of the overall device.

[0189] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups, characterized in that: The general structural formula of the blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups is shown in Chemical Formula I: in, X1, X2, and X3 are each independently selected from C or N, and X1, X2, and X3 have at most one N, and the rest are C; Y1, Y2, and Y3 are each independently selected from C or N, and Y1, Y2, and Y3 have at most one N, and the rest are C; L is selected from a chemical bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 arylene group; R1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C30 heteroaryl group, and its heteroatom contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se; R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from one of hydrogen, deuterium, cyanide, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted C5-C30 heteroaryl, and the heteroatom thereof contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se; n2 is an integer selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; n3 and n4 are integers selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3.

2. The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups according to claim 1, characterized in that: L is selected from a chemical bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having C6-C18; R1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C25 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C25 heteroaryl group, and its heteroatom contains at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se; R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, cyanide, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C18 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C5-C12 heteroaryl, and their heteroatoms contain at least one of O, S, N, Si, and Se.

3. The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: L is selected from a chemical bond, a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and a biphenylene group.

4. The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: R1 is selected from phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, triazine, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, methylphenyl, phenylnaphthyl, cyanophenyl, cyanopyridyl, phenylpyridyl, methylpyridyl, methylpyrimidyl and any combination thereof.

5. The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, cyano, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, anthracenyl, phenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazine, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, 9,9-dimethylfluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthofluorenyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, methylphenyl, phenylnaphthyl, cyanophenyl, cyanopyridyl, phenylpyridyl, phenyldibenzofuranyl, phenyldibenzothienyl, phenyldimethylfluorenyl, phenylcarbazolyl, methylpyridyl, methylpyrimidinyl, and any combination thereof.

6. The blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups is selected from any one of the following compounds:

7. A method for preparing a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Under nitrogen protection, raw material B (1.0 eq), Pd2(dba)3 (0.01-0.02 eq), Xantphos (0.05-0.1 eq) and THF were added to a dry and clean three-necked flask, and the raw material A prepared above was added, heated to reflux, and reacted overnight; TLC monitored the reaction completion, cooled to room temperature, 2N hydrochloric acid was added to quench the reaction, ethyl acetate and water were added, and the liquid was extracted and separated, the aqueous phase was extracted once with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, and washed once with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure until there was no solvent, and the product was obtained by rapid column chromatography, and then slurried with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 1; (2) Under nitrogen protection, add intermediate 1 (1.0 eq) and THF to a dry three-necked flask, cool to -78°C, add iodomethane (1.5-2.5 eq) dropwise, keep warm for 10-20 min, add THF containing potassium tert-butoxide (1.5-2.5 eq) dropwise, add dropwise over 1 hour, return to temperature naturally, stir for 4-8 h, monitor the reaction completion by TLC, add saturated aqueous ammonium chloride to quench the reaction, add ethyl acetate and water, extract and separate, extract the aqueous phase twice with ethyl acetate, combine the organic phases, wash once with saturated brine, dry the organic phase over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure until there is no solvent, perform rapid column chromatography to obtain the product, and then slurry with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 2; (3) Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 2 (1.0 eq), THF and anhydrous cerium chloride (5.0 g) were added to a dry three-necked flask, stirred at room temperature for 20 min, cooled to 0°C, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 eq) containing methylmagnesium bromide was added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the temperature was naturally restored to room temperature and the reaction was carried out for 2-5 h. After TLC monitoring, the reaction was completed, and a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added to quench the reaction. Ethyl acetate and water were added, and the liquids were separated by extraction. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, and the saturated brine was washed once. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure until there was no solvent. The product was obtained by rapid column chromatography, and then slurried with petroleum ether to obtain intermediate 3; (4) Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 3 (1.0 eq) and DCM were added to a dry three-necked flask, the temperature was lowered to 0°C, and fresh anhydrous aluminum chloride (0.2-0.5 eq) was added. The mixture was stirred for 10 h at this temperature. The reaction was monitored by TLC to be complete. 2N hydrochloric acid was added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Dichloromethane and water were added, and the solution was extracted and separated. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane. The organic phases were combined and washed once with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure until there was no solvent. Toluene was used for rapid column chromatography to obtain the product. The product was crystallized with toluene ethanol to obtain intermediate 4. (5) Under nitrogen protection, intermediate 4 (1.0 eq) and THF were added to a dry three-necked flask, the temperature was lowered to 0°C, bromine (0.85-0.95 eq) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 3-8 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC to be complete. A 10% aqueous sodium bisulfite solution was added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction. Ethyl acetate was added to separate the liquids. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, washed once with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and once with saturated brine. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a solvent-free state. The product was obtained by rapid column chromatography. The product was crystallized with toluene and ethanol to obtain intermediate 5. (6) Add intermediate 5 (1.0 eq) and raw material C (1.0-1.3 eq) to a reaction flask, then add a mixed solution of toluene, ethanol and water (V:V:V = 3:1:1), ventilate three times, add tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.01-0.03 eq) and potassium carbonate (2.0-4.0 eq) under nitrogen protection, raise the temperature to 80°C-95°C, and reflux for 4-20 hours; monitor the reaction completion by TLC, after the reaction is completed, cool down, filter with diatomaceous earth to remove salt and catalyst, cool the filtrate to room temperature, wash with water three times, retain the organic phase, and then extract the aqueous phase with dichloromethane; combine the organic phases and concentrate, and purify by column chromatography using a mixed solution of dichloromethane and petroleum ether (V:V = 1:4-1:10) to obtain chemical formula I; The specific synthetic route is as follows: Wherein, L, X1-X3, Y1-Y3, R1, R2, R3, R4, n2, n3, n4 are as defined in the chemical formula I of claim 1; X independently represents Where * is the attachment site.

8. An application of a blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene, characterized in that: The blue light-emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied to an organic electroluminescent device.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The organic electroluminescent device comprises an organic layer; the organic layer comprises the blue light material containing anthracene and pyrene groups.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The blue light emitting material containing anthracene and pyrene groups is used as a blue light emitting main material or an electron transport layer material.

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